Gapan City College

College of Criminal Justice Education

Subject: Character Formation 1 Patriotism and Nationalism Year: 2nd year BS Criminology
Instructor: Prof. Ryan Dave G. Galang College of CCJE

Lecture No 5
(FILIPINO CORE VALUES)

Objectives:

After reading this segment students should have understanding of the following topics :

Learning Objectives

1. Recognize and relate Filipino values, its structures, models, philosophical foundations and
elements.

Reference Materials: Dr. Nicholas S. Caballero Ph.D, Lisa Joy B. Barican MS Crim, 2021
 FILIPINO CORE VALUES

BASIC CONCEPT OF VALUES

Core values are a person's or organization's fundamental beliefs. These guiding principles
dictate conduct and can assist individuals to know the distinction between right and wrong. It
also assists organizations by establishing an unwavering guide to determine if they are on the
correct track and fulfil their objectives. Values are essential because they assist us to grow. They
assist us build the future that we want to experience.

Hundreds of choices are made every day by every person and every organization. The choices
we make reflect our values and beliefs and are always aimed at a particular purpose. That aim is
our person or collective (organizational) to be satisfied. When we make choices using our
values, we create a conscious decision to concentrate on what matters to us. They create inner
cohesion within a group when values are shared.

Race strains and cultural components such as Aeta have derived Filipino values. Indonesians,
Malayan, Hindu and Chinese who created our moral scruples core. Cultural individuality
combined with Spain-derived cultural components. The U.S. and the contemporary planetary
society (Panopio and Rolda 2000). You can find Filipinos in almost every part of the globe. We
rejoice at the sight of other co-Filipinos when we're in a foreign nation as if there's something
that connects us. Sometimes, if we don't know a person's nationality, but he or she looks like a
Filipino, we often ask, "Filipino ka ba?" And we are happy when he or she answered "yes."
However, if someone fails to satisfy our expectations in the manner they answer questions or in
the manner they act, we say in frustration, "kapwa Filipino pa naman."

Landa Jocano, a famous sociologist says that "there are no negative Filipino values, only the
wrong use of values". Values slowly alter, but it depends on how powerful families are to
preserve, promote and pass on our cultural values from one generation to the next.

Here in the Philippines, values are really of importance and should be respected. As we grow
older, our parents shaped us different values. From the time we are born. Pagkalinga, pag-
aaruga, at pakialam (Care) were given by them. This value shapes our real Filipino culture,
showing that we are conscious of others.

The Filipino value system relates to the set of values or the value system that has historically
been held by a majority of Filipinos in their life. This system of Philippine values involves the
distinctive combination of coherent ideologies, moral codes, ethical procedures, cultural
etiquette and private values promoted by the Philippine society. However, as with any culture,
the values held sacred by any person may vary on the grounds of religion, education, and other
variables.

As a general description, Filipinos' separate value system is mainly rooted in private alliance
systems, particularly those based on kinship, duty, friendship, religion (especially interactions.
Christianity) and business

PHILOSOPHICAL FOUNDATION OF FILIPINO VALUES

For the most part, Filipino values are focused on preserving social harmony, mainly driven by a
group's willingness to be accepted. The primary sanction against diverging from these values
are "Hiya" ideas, approximately translated as "a sense of shame," and "Amor proper" or "self-
esteem." Social approval, group recognition, and group membership are significant issues.
Caring for what others believe, say or do is a powerful influence on Filipinos 'social behaviour.

The Filipino philosophy is basically' non-dualistic,' according to anthropologist Leonardo

Mercado. He concludes, based on his linguistic analysis of Filipino value terms such as "loob"
(Cebuano buot), that Filipinos desire harmony, not only in interpersonal relationships, but also
with nature and religion, while remaining non- dichotomous. The Filipino wants to harmonize
the object and the subject while keeping both as distinct at the same time.
 MODELS OF THE FILIPINO VALUES

1. Exogenous Model or the Foreign Model

A "legal and formal" model is defined as the international model. Filipinos from Western
cultures, particularly from the Spaniards and the Americans, inherited the foreign model. An
example of foreign or exogenous impact is the bureaucracy displayed in the Philippine
government.

2. Indigenous Model or the Traditional Model

Described as a "traditional and non-formal" model or guide, the indigenous model is deeply
integrated in the Filipinos subconscious.

STRUCTURES AND ELEMENTS OF FILIPINO VALUES

The Filipino value system is known to possess significant key components based on research,
surveys, observations, anecdotes and other literatures developed by scholars and researchers
in relation to Filipino social values or core values, together with the Filipino character or identity
of a person or individual known as the Filipino.

One may notice how Hiya (ownership/dignity), Pakikisama (companionship/esteem), and Utang
Na Loob (gratitude/solidarity) are simply Surface Values - readily seen and appreciated by many
Filipinos. These three values are deemed branches of a single origin - Filipino Personality's real
core value - Kapwa.

It implies' totality,' referring to society, or not doing stuff alone. Ibang Tao (other people) and
Hindi Ibang Tao(not other people) are two types of Kapwa. The Surface Values spin off the Core
Value through Pakikiramdam's Pivotal Aspect or mutual internal perception ("feeling for
someone else").

Other notable elements or motivations are optimism about the future, pessimism about current
circumstances and activities, concern and concern for other individuals, the presence of
friendship and friendliness, the habit of being hospitable, spiritual nature, respect for oneself
and others, respect for the female members of society, fear of God, and abhorrence of cheating
and other acts.
The values of the Filipinos specifically uphold the following elements: family unit solidarity,
security of the Philippine economy, orientation towards small-groups, personalism, the
concepts of "loob" or "kalooban" meaning "what's inside the self," the "inner self" or the actual
personal feelings of the self"), existence and maintenance of smooth interpersonal
relationships, and the sense of the self. In a broader image, these values are categorized into
particular clusters or "macroclusters":

1. Cluster of Relationships

2. Social Cluster

3. Cluster of Livelihoods

4. Cluster of Inwardness

5. Cluster of Optimism

THE FIVE CORE FILIPINO VALUES

Based on Dr. Ramirez's study "The Filipino Worldview and Values" and her perspectives as a
phenomenological sociologist from centuries of practice, here are the Five Core Filipino Values
based on a Filipino's Basic Aspirations.

Mapagpasalamat

This is based on the aspiration of Filipinos to "Pamumuhay" (Life) and "Pananalig sa Diyos at
Kapwa" (God and People Faith). Filipinos understand how life can be enjoyed. We have plenty
of vacations, celebrations, occasions, and meetings. Filipinos are cheerful and sociable, of
course. Even in depressing circumstances, we wear smiles on our faces. That's because we're
always looking at life's bright side.

We always have a positive outlook because, even in the smallest things, we always find things
to be grateful for. We would always say "Salamat sa Diyos" (Thank God) whenever excellent
things occur because Filipinos would attribute the blessings of life to the Higher Being from
whatever religion. We also recognize other people's excellent acts towards us and do our
utmost to return the favor.
Matatag

Filipinos, being in a nation susceptible to natural disasters, have adjusted and learned to be
powerful in moments of need and in difficult circumstances that life throws at us. This power is
derived from our love for our family and our belief in the greater being. This is based on
Filipino's "Kaayusan" (Order) aspiration.

In reality, the popular phrase of the Philippines is "Ayos Na." When we are able to overcome
problems, we say "Ayos Na." We Filipinos are longing for "Kaayusan," and we will endure all
and be powerful in the midst of hardships and challenges until we overcome the barriers.

Masigasig

We do everything we can to get it when Filipinos dream of something. We're doing it for our
loved ones and relatives. This is based on the "Kasaganaan (Abundance) and "Ginhawa" (Relief)
aspiration of Filipinos. Not for himself, but for his family, a Filipino aspires to abundance.
Masaganang Bagong Taon (Bountiful New Year) is the Filipino translation for Happy New Year
because we match happiness and celebration with abundance.

"Ginhawa" in Bisaya implies breath. And the soft breath flow is the soft life flow we call
"Ginhawa. "Ginhawa" is the feeling of well-being in a Filipino, according to lay theologian Dr.
Jose de Mesa. Overseas Filipino Workers (OFWs) would be an instance of enduring being away
from home to offer their families a healthy life - abundance and relief from hardships.

Mapagmalasakit

It is because of our family love extended to friends, neighbors and others that naturally
sympathetic Filipinos. This compassion allows us to assist others without in exchange asking for
anything. This is based on the aspiration of Filipinos to "Loob at Damdamin" and "Kapwa (Other
People). "Loob" is the seat of the dignity of the Philippines. Filipino's personality is expressed in
his "kalooban." Filipinos tune in the "kalooban" of each by checking the situation of each other
and talking about the life of each other.

Filipinos use "kapwa" to refer not only to a stranger, but to a relative, a neighbor next door, a
distant relative, or a friend because of our family culture. Our characteristic of
"Mapagmalasakit" makes it simple for us to promote the spirit of Bayanihan-to unite and assist
one another during calamities and to celebrate together on unique occasions.
Magalang

The use of po, opo, and pagmamano (hand kissing) are separate methods of regard for Filipino
people. We say these phrases and use this gesture to demonstrate our respect and love to
elderly. The Filipinos' respect is not just limited to the elderly but also to other people's
properties, emotions, and ideas. We are polite people. Our language is also respectful because
it has no sex bias. For example, the phrases "kapatid" (brother/ sister) or asawa (husband/wife)
or "biyenan" (father- in-law/mother-in-law) or "anak" (son/daughter) do not show gender
differences. These words are certainly sex- friendly Filipino uniquely. Our respect for other
people is an integral part of our culture and our language. This is based on our "Lakas ng Loob"
or "Kagandahang Loob" aspiration.

THE PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE CORE VALUES

Being a noble profession the police service demands from its members specialized
understanding and abilities, as well as great standard of ethics and morality.

The members of the Philippine National Police must therefore conform to and internalize the
key principles of:

Love of God.

Respect for authority.

Respect for women

Respect for sanctity of marriage.

Stewardship over material things

Responsible dominion Truthfulness

The Police service in the Philippines is expressed in the acronym SERVICE. The acronym SERVICE
stands for:

SERVANT HOOD

As police affirm its unconditional service and love for the nation and individuals, Police value a
supportive and professional role serves and protects its clientele and community with honesty,
utmost devotion and commitment above private concern.
EXCELLENCE

Police are committed in doing and making things occur effectively and efficiently in all of their
efforts as they strive to accomplish more consistently and outstandingly with tangible outcomes
and far beyond their best.

RESPONSIBILITY WITH ACCOUNTABILITY

Their moral duty is to serve the public with Police carry out and execute their responsibilities
due diligence and always bearing in mind that they are accountable and duty bound to promote
the public interest.

VALUING PEOPLE AND RESPECT FOR HUMAN RIGHTS

Police always maintain their fellow human beings' dignity whenever they cater their needs and
are delicate and cautious in serving and protecting them with compassion and utmost regard
for their human rights.

INTEGRITY

Police take an uncompromising and coherent position in the fulfillment of their obligation to
live an honest, upright and dignified life according to the ethical and moral norms where their
advocacy, values and convictions are compatible with their words and actions.

COURAGE

From their moral strength police draw their collective and individual power of approach to
always accept difficult duties, and they are courageous enough to speak out against temptation,
anomalies, corruption and exploitation and stand firm.

EMPOWERMENT

Police reach out and create bridges of collaboration, nurture volunteerism and operate in
harmony with their clientele by training individuals for a better and safer society in the process.

End of Lecture No 5