INDONESIAN POLICE

SYSTEM
Indonesian National Police (POLRI)

 The  Founded on 1 July 1946, it was formerly a part of

the country’s military since 1962. The police were formally
separated from the armed forces on 1 April 1999 in a
process which was formally completed on 1 July 2000.

 it is the main agency responsible for maintaining security

and public order, law enforcement, and provides
protection and service to the community in Indonesia.

 it is a centralized organization with responsibilities

ranging from traffic control, criminal investigation,
intelligence gathering and counter-terrorism duties.

 it is the national policing force of Indonesia with its

headquarters located in Jakarta, under the auspices of
the President of Indonesia.
The National Police HQ oversees
every provincial police of the country,
each Province of Indonesia has its own Police
Headquarters known as "POLDA" an
abbreviation
of Kepolisian Daerah in Indonesian, it
oversees several city or regional police
departments which are responsible for
a city or regency in the province, it is known
as "POLRES", a "Polres" then oversees
several police stations responsible for a sub-
district known as "POLSEK“.
The total personnel that the Indonesian
National Police possesses is 440,000 and still
increasing every year
A police officer in Indonesia earns around
7,250,000 IDR per month. Salaries range
from 3,340,000 IDR to 11,500,000 IDR per
month.

This is the average monthly salary including

housing, transport, and other benefits. Police
salaries vary drastically based on
experince,skills,gender or location.
RECRUITMENT
PROCESS
 Police recruits were volunteers.
 Applicants were required to have at least a
sixth-grade education or High school graduates
and need to pass a competitive examination.
 Age 17 to 22 years old
 65 inches tall
 Girls mustbe a virgin
 Other qualifications included physical fitness
and good moral character.
 After three years' service as ordinary police,
personnel with junior secondary-school
diplomas could enter training to become NCOs.
 Those with three years experience as NCOs were
eligible for further training to enable them to
become candidate officers and eventually enter the
officer corps. Most higher ranking officers entered
the force as graduates of the Police Division of
Akabri.
 Advanced training in vocational and technical
subjects was available for regular police, for NCOs,
and for officers.
 Promotions were often based on performance in
advanced education.
 The Police Command and Staff School offered
advanced training to police officers assigned to
command units at the sub district, district, and
Polda level. Training there focused on
administration and logistics.
 Indonesian policewomen measured through
'purity and beauty', subjected to virginity testing
 Virginity testing female police recruits continues
despite pressure to end the practice
 Policewomen must also be "pretty" and subjected
to a list of physical standards
 The policewomen are often deployed in high
visibility roles such as public relations
CLASSIFICATION OF
RANKS
 In the early years, the Indonesian Police used
European police style ranks like "inspector" and
"commissioner".
 When the police were amalgamated with the military
structure during the 1960s, the ranks changed to a
military style such as "Captain", "Major" and
"Colonel".
 In the year 2000, when the Indonesian Police
conducted the transition to a fully independent force
out of the armed forces, they used British style police
ranks like "Inspector" and "Superintendent".
 In 2001, the Indonesian Police have returned to
Dutch style ranks like "Brigadier" and
"Inspecteur" just like in the early years with
some Indonesianized elements within the ranking
system. The ranks are comparable with the armed
forces.
 Patrolman  Police Sub-Inspector
2nd class 2nd Class
 Patrolman  Police Sub-Inspector
1st class 1st Class
 Master Patrolman  Police Inspector
 Police Brigadier Attendant 2nd Class
2nd class  Police Inspector
 Police Brigadier Attendant 1st Class
1st class  Police Commissioner
 Police Brigadier Attendant Attendant
 Police Brigadier  Police Commissioner
2nd Class  Police Grand Commissioner
 Police Brigadier Attendant
1st Class  Police Grand Commissioner
 Police Brigadier  Police Brigadier General
Police  Police Inspector General
Chief Brigadier  Police Commissioner General
 Police General
CRIMINAL JUSTICE
SYSTEM
There are four different court systems below Supreme Court:
1. courts of general civil and criminal jurisdiction,
2. religious courts,
3. state administrative courts,
4. and military courts. 

Adat (roughly meaning "traditional law") is an eye-for-eye code

in which someone who commits a wrong or breaks a taboo is
regarded as subhuman and open to punishment. Many ethnic
groups in Indonesia use adat as a means of social control and
employ it outside the Indonesian legal system.
 The Indonesian judicial system is no longer under the
administrative and political control of the executive branch.
 The highest courts are Supreme Court or Mahkamah
Agung (51 judges divided into 8 chambers) and the
Constitutional Court (consists of 9 judges).
 Supreme Court judges are nominated by the Judicial
Commission and appointed by president with concurrence of
parliament. These judges can serve until retirement age.
Of the nine Constitutional Court judges
 three are nominated by president,
 three by Supreme Court,
 and three by parliament.
Many other judges are appointed by the president.
 Judges serve until mandatory retirement at age 70.
Subordinate courts including the High Courts of Appeal,
district courts and religious courts.

Islamic law (sharia), often applied to disputes between

Muslims; and Dutch colonial law. Adat courts were
abolished in 1951, although customary means of
dispute resolution are still in use in villages. The return
to the 1945 constitution in 1959 meant that Dutch laws
remained in force except as subsequently altered or
found to be inconsistent with the constitution. A criminal
code enacted in 1981 expanded the legal rights of
criminal defendants.
CORRECTIONAL SYSTEM
IN INDONESIA
Indonesia's 441 prisons were administered by the
Department of Corrections within the Department
of Justice and included three categories of prisons
based mainly on the number of inmates they could
hold. The nine largest, or Class I prisons, held
prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment or death.

Several specialized prisons for women and two for
youths were located in Java. Where it was not
possible to confine such prisoners in separate
institutions, as was usually the case outside of
Java, efforts were made to segregate juvenile from
adult offenders and females from males in
separate sections of the same institution.
Ordinarily, prisoners were permitted visits by family
members and could receive limited amounts of food and
other articles to supplement the minimal supplies they
were issued. Under some circumstances, prisoners were
permitted to spend their nights at home. Most prisons
tried to provide medical service of some kind, although it
was generally regarded as inadequate.

Rehabilitation provisions included literacy classes, moral

and religious training, and workshops to teach crafts and
skills. Some prisons operated small industries or
agricultural enterprises that sold their products on the
local market. Proceeds were used to pay a small wage to
the working inmates, to buy recreational equipment, and
to maintain buildings and grounds. In some prisons,
inmates worked in fields outside the prison confines.
 Although regular prisons often housed both
convicted criminals and political prisoners,
the latter were kept isolated from other
prisoners. Political prisoners were also held
in Kodam headquarters and in separate labor
camps and detention facilities staffed by
military personnel.
 Many released prisoners faced problems in
reintegrating themselves into society because
families were often shamed by the prisoner's
incarceration or feared they would be
discriminated against by officials or
neighbors should they continue association
with the released prisoners.
 Released political prisoners detained in
connection with the 1965 attempted coup
encountered particular problems upon their
return to society. Their identification cards,
which all Indonesians carry, had special
markings indicating their status.

 Former political prisoners were denied

employment in the civil service, the armed
forces, and in essential industries. They were
able to vote but could not hold any elected
office. In some parts of the country they were
required to check in regularly with local
authorities and to inform them of their
movements.
LOGISTIC EQUIPMENT
FIREARMS

The standard issue sidearm to all

Indonesian National Police officers is
the Taurus Model 82 38 Special
Revolver.
 While police personnel attached to special units
such as Detachment 88, Gegana
and BRIMOB are issued with the Glock 17 semi-
automatic pistol.
 Heavy arms are always available to
Indonesian police personnel, such as
the Heckler & Koch MP5 sub-machine
gun, Remington 870 shotgun, Steyr
AUG assault rifle, M4 carbine, M1
Carbine. and other weapons.
 The standard rifle for the Indonesian National
Police are the Pindad SS1 and the M16 rifle.
Units are also issued the "Sabhara"/Police V1-V2
Pindad SS1 special law enforcement assault rifle
Police Vehicles
The police vehicles that are usually
operated by the Indonesian Police ("Polri")
for patrol and law enforcement activities
are mainly Ford focus sedan, Mitsubishi
Lancer, Hyundai Elantra (for some police
regions),Mitsubishi Stranda/Triton,Isuzu
D-Max, Nissan Almera and Ford Ranger.
POLICE UNIFORM
The National Police Force of Indonesia had
changes for uniform colours about 3 times,
the periods are:
 Since first formed until mid 70s, the
uniform colour was khaki like the
current Indian Police uniform.
 Since the late 70s until mid 90s, the
uniform colour was light brown and brown
 Since mid 90s until now the colour are
brownish grey and dark brown.
Based on the regulation of the Chief of the
Indonesian National Police  there are four
types of uniform worn by police personnel
which are:
 ceremonial uniform
 parade uniform
 service uniform
 field uniform
 POLICE UNIFORM
 Headgears and beret colors:
 Red - Criminal Investigation Units ("Reserse",
came from Dutch word recherche - don't wear
berets during investigative work. They sometimes
wear white dress shirt with red tie.
 Dark Blue beret - mobile brigade corps brimob
 Blackish Dark Brown beret - "Sabhara"
 Light Blue beret - Internal Affairs Division (Police
Provosts)
 Peaked cup with White piping - Traffic Policemen
 CRIMINAL
INVESTIGATION
PROCEDURE
History of Indonesia's criminal procedure
Colonial times
 When the Dutch colonized Indonesia in 1910, they set up a civil law
system that took precedence over the Adat laws. In terms of the
criminal procedure, for example, the Dutch enacted two statutes to
govern different parts of Indonesia. The Herziene
Inlandsch/Indonesisch Reglement applied to Jawa and Madura, while
the Rechtsreglement Buitengewesten ("Rbg") applied to the rest of
Indonesia. The Adat laws applied to the natives only if it did not clash
with the Dutch statutory provisions.

Japanese occupation
 When the Japanese occupied Indonesia in March 1942, they applied
their Japanese Martial Law. This superseded all existing laws in
Indonesia at that time.

Present
 Today, Indonesia’s legal system is based on Dutch Colonial Law, Adat
Law and National Law.
 Criminal Procedure Code
Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum
Acara Pidana (KUHAP)
Chapter V - Arrest, Detention, Search of
the Person, House Entry, Seizure and
Examination of Documents
Chapter VI - The Suspect and The Accused
Chapter XVI - Examination at Trial
Chapter XVII - Ordinary Legal Remedies
Chapter XVIII - Extraordinary Legal
Remedies
Chapter XIV - Investigation
Chapter XIX - The Execution of Judgements
Criminal Trial Process in
Indonesia
The role of judges in the Indonesian criminal
justice system is to impose a proper
punishment on offenders based on a sufficient
means of legal proof. Judges are generally only
involved in the trial proceedings.
When a judge receives a Bill of Indictment
from the Public Prosecutor, he will determine
a trial date and order the latter to summon the
accused and witnesses to attend the trial.
During the trial proceedings, the judge is
obliged to ensure that the defendant or
witness remains free to answer the questions
posed. If the judge fails to do so, his decision
will be annulled.
At the end of the trial proceedings, the judge can
only convict a person if he has at least two pieces
of legal evidence supporting the conviction. Based
on the evidence presented, the judge can punish,
acquit or dismiss the charges against the accused.
If the accused is convicted and he is sentenced to
a punishment that deprives him of his liberty, the
judge will assist the head judge to supervise the
execution of the punishment.
The Public Prosecution Service of Indonesia is the
only agency that has state powers to prosecute
offenders. As such, there is no private prosecution
in the Indonesian criminal justice system.
.
Prosecutors are involved in the whole trial
process, from the investigations, to trial
proceedings and the execution of
punishment. At the investigation stage, the
prosecutor supervises the police’s
investigations. The prosecutor only personally
investigates cases when there are special
crimes, such as corruption
Legal protections for the accused

Rights to counsel
 A suspect has a right to obtain legal assistance from one or
more legal counsels at every stage of the examination. At the
start of the investigations, the police will inform the suspect
of his right to receive legal assistance during examination at
trial.
 If the suspect does not have legal assistance, he will receive
free legal aid if he faces the death penalty, or imprisonment of
fifteen years or more. The suspect will also receive free legal
aid if he is destitute and faces imprisonment of five year or
more.
 Once the suspect obtains legal assistance, the counsel has a
right to contact him from the moment he is arrested or
detained. The counsel also has a right to be present at, and
listen to, interrogations. This ensures that the police do not
carry out unfair interrogation techniques.
ORGANIZATION
The organization of the Indonesian National Police is
hierarchical, culminating on the general headquarters
in Kebayoran Baru. Below are the four (4) hierarchical police
headquarters throughout Indonesia:

 Regional Police (Indonesian: Kepolisian Daerah, POLDA)

which covers an entire province and is headed by a two-star
police general (Inspector General). It was formerly known as
Police Commissariats (Kepolisian Komisariat), Regional Police
Commands (Komando Daerah Kepolisan, KOMDAK) and
Territorial Police (Polisi Wilayah).

 Departamental Police (Indonesian: Kepolisian Resor, POLRES)

which covers a city or regency (Kabupaten) and is usually
headed by a police officer holding the rank of Police Chief
Commissioner (three-jasmine flower insignia) for urban areas
and a Police Deputy Chief Commissioner (two-jasmine flower
insignia) for rural areas. It was formerly known as Police Area
Directorates (Korem Polisi)
 Sectoral Police (Indonesian: Kepolisian Sektor, POLSEK) which
covers a district (Kecamatan) and is usually headed by a police
officer holding the rank of Police Commissioner (one-jasmine
flower insignia) for urban areas and a Police Deputy
Commissioner (three golden stripes insignia) for rural areas,
in Papua there are Polseks which are headed by Junior Police
Inspectors (two to one golden stripes insignia)

 Community Police Officers (Indonesian: Bhayangkara Pembina

Keamanan dan Ketertiban Masyarakat,
abbreviated BhabinKamtibmas literally meaning "People's
Security and Order Supervising Officer") are senior NCOs/Sub-
Inspectors of Police officers which are under the Sectoral Police
office which are tasked in mentoring, supervising, and
maintaining law and order in a particular smaller community
which usually covers an urban village (Kelurahan) and/or a rural
village (desa). They are identified by their
yellow brassard printed "BHABINKAMTIBMAS" and are tasked
to monitor local community activities such as
during elections and/or other community gathering occasions.
Special Units
Detachment 88 (Densus 88)
The Detachment 88 or known locally
as "Densus 88" is the special counter-
terrorism unit of the Indonesian
National Police.
 Mobile Brigade Corps (Brimob)

The Mobile Brigade Corps or known locally as "Brimob" is

the paramilitary force of the Indonesian National Police
tasked to conduct high-risk law enforcement such
as counterinsurgency, riot control, and hostage rescue. It
is the PTU and SWAT unit of Polri.
Their uniform is the same like other police units, but wear
a dark blue beret as their headgear, during urban-
operational duties, they wear black uniforms and
during jungle-operational duties, they wear green. Each
provincial police headquarters (Polda) in Indonesia has a
Brimob unit.
 Gegana is a special branch detachment within the Brimob
corps which have special abilities mainly in bomb
disposal and counter-terrorist operations. On the other hand,
it also specializes in the field of hostage
rescue, intelligence and CBR (Chemical, biological and
radiological) defense. 
Public Units
• Centre of integrated police services
 is responsible for providing police services to the public,
in the form of first receipt and handling of reports /
complaints, police assistance / assistance services, and
other related functions to carry out security and crime
identification/prevention activities in accordance with
applicable laws and regulations.

• Intelligence and Security Unit

 This unit is in charge of organizing / fostering the
functions of Intelligence Security, including encryption,
and service providers in the form of Licenses /
Explanation concerning Foreigners, Firearms &
Explosives, social activities / Political Communities and
Police Record Certificates (SKCK) to citizens in need and
conduct supervision / security and its implementation.
Criminal Detective Unit
 This unit is in charge of fostering Functions
and conducting criminal investigation and
investigation activities, including the function
of identification in the framework of law
enforcement, coordination and supervision of
operations and administration of investigation
in accordance with applicable laws and
regulations. Officers of this unit wear civilian
attire on duty.

Drug Detective Unit

 This unit is responsible for conducting
investigations of criminal acts of drug abuse,
including counseling and guidance in the
prevention and rehabilitation of drug abuse
victims.
Community and Society Development Unit
 This unit is in charge to carry out community
guidance, including community empowerment
activities, public order and coordination activities with
other forms of security, as well as cooperative
activities in maintaining security and public order.
Patrol Unit
 The Sabhara is the versatile "public alert unit" of the
Indonesian police which has the tasks to supervise
and maintain the public order and security of an area.
It conducts patroling and acts as first-responding law
enforcement officers to calls and crime scenes.
 This unit is also tasked to assist security in public
areas such as Banks and sometimes assist the Traffic
police if needed. Under the command of the Regional
Police (Polda), this unit is the first unit dispatched to
secure and control protests and also perform Riot
control duties if necessary.
Traffic Unit
 This unit is in charge for Traffic law
enforcement, control, management, and
patrolling affairs. Their patrol vehicles are
colored white and blue and officers of this unit
wear white peaked caps with reflective vests
on duty
Vital Object Protection Unit
 This unit serves the security activities of VIP
and important facilities, such as government
official, diplomatic missions, industrial complex
and tourism Area. Their patrol vehicles are
colored orange and officers of this unit
wear neckties on their uniform
Water unit
 This unit is responsible for carrying out the
functions of aquatic police, which include water
patrols, waters law enforcement, coastal
community development and other waters, as well
as search and rescue accidents in marine areas
(SAR)
Detainees and evidence unit
 This internal unit is in charge to organize
prisoners' care includes the health care of the
detainee, the guardianship of the prisoners and
the receiving, storing and securing of evidence
and their administration within the regional police
headquarters, reporting the number and condition
of the detainees in accordance with the provisions
of the law.
Information technology unit
 This unit is responsible for Computer and IT
system management and development for
policing duties

Internal Security and Profession unit

 This unit is responsible to carry out internal
investigation towards police personnel
suspected of misconduct and also to enforce
discipline towards police personnel. Officers of
this unit are identifiable by their light
blue berets and wear white belts with
white aiguillettes.
THANK YOU
 MEMBERS:
MANING DIESY LYN F.
DE JUAN JELLIE B.
ORTACIO JACKQUELINE B.
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