OSHA 30 HRS OUT REACH TRAINING COURSE

IN
CONSTRUCTION SAFETY STANDARDS
 ABOUT TRAINER
• OVER 6 YEARS EXPERIENCE IN HSE TRAINING
• FULL MEMBER OF INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF RISK AND
SAFETY MANAGEMENT(MIIRSM)
• GRADUATE MEMBER OF INSTITUTE OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY
AND HEALTH ( Grad IOSH)
• AUTHORIZED TRAINER FOR OSHA 10hrs & 30hrs OUTREACH
TRAINING FOR CONSTRUCTION AND GENERAL INDUSTRY
STANDARDS,USA
• AUTHORIZED TRAINER FOR NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF SAFETY
PROFESSIONALS,USA.
• SPECALIST CERTIFICATE IN EHS FROM NASP,USA
• BACHELORS DEGREE IN OCCUPATIONL SAFETY AND HEALTH
• ADVANCED DIPLOMA IN FIRE SAFETY FROM SINGAPORE CIVIL
DEFENCE COLLEGE
 COURSE DETAILS
• 30 HRS DURATION
• OPEN BOOK EXAM OF 50 OBJECTIVE TYPE
QUESTIONS (duration one hour)
• RMEC COURSE COMPLETION CERTIFICATE TO
PARTICIPENTS
• OSHA COURSE COMPLETION CARDS FROM
DEPARTMENT OF LABOR,OSHA – UNITED
STATES. WITHIN 10 WEEKS.
INTRODUCTION OSHA
Introduction to OSHA
Since 1970, OSHA has cut work-related fatalities by more than
half and drastically reduced overall injury and illness rates. Their
work continues by encouraging employees and employers to
work together, developing and enforcing mandatory job
standards, requiring reporting and recordkeeping of job-related
injuries, and providing assistance, training, and support
programs. Developed for both employees and employers, this
course will teach you how OSHA helps to keep the workplace
safe! This course takes about 1 hour to complete.
Course Goal and Overview

The goal of this course is to provide an overview of OSHA’s

role in the prevention and elimination of work-related
illnesses and injuries. It includes information about:
OSHA’s history and purpose
the Book – 29 CFR
OSH Act
reporting and recordkeeping
employer and employee rights and responsibilities
the inspection process

Introduction to OSHA
Fatal Statistics
Each year . . .
About 6,000 Americans die from workplace
injuries. Even worse, about 50,000 deaths occur
from illnesses caused by workplace exposures.
source: OSHA Publication 2056

Introduction to OSHA
Non-Fatal Statistics

Each year . . .
Nearly 6 million people suffer non-fatal
workplace injuries.
The cost of occupational injuries and
illnesses totals more than 170 billion dollars.
source: OSHA Publication 2056

Introduction to OSHA
 OSHA Succeeds
Since 1970 OSHA has:
cut the work-related fatalities
by more than half
reduced overall injury and
illness rates
virtually eliminated brown
lung disease in the textile
industry
reduced trenching and
excavation fatalities by 35%

Introduction to OSHA
OSHA Today
As you learned in the course Introduction, let’s review
OSHA’s main objectives:
What Does OSHA do?
Encourages employers and employees to work
together to reduce workplace hazards and implement
new or improve existing safety and health programs.
Develops and enforces mandatory job-related safety
and health standards.
Maintains a reporting and recordkeeping system to
monitor job-related injuries and illnesses.
Provides assistance, training, and other support
programs to help employers and workers.

Introduction to OSHA
“IT’S THE LAW!”

This is the Federal OSHA “IT’S

THE LAW!” poster. It carries the
message, “You Have a Right to A
Safe and Healthful Workplace.”
All employers* are required to
display this poster informing
employees of the protections of
the Occupational Safety and
Health Act. ( * Federal
Government Agencies must
instead use the Federal Agency
Poster.)
Introduction to OSHA
Congress Created OSHA

More than three decades ago, as part of the

Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970
(the OSH Act), Congress created the
Occupational Safety and Health
Administration.
OSHA’s mission hasn’t changed: to help
employers and employees reduce injuries,
illnesses, and deaths on the job in America.

Introduction to OSHA
Congress Created OSHA

Since 1970, workplace fatalities have been cut by 62% and

occupational injury and illness rates have declined 42%. At the
same time, U.S. employment has doubled and now includes
nearly 115 million workers at 7 million sites.

Introduction to OSHA
 The OSH Act

The OSH Act requires employers

AND
employees to comply with safety
and health standards issued by
OSHA.
The OSH Act covers all private-
sector employers and their
employees in the 50 states and
all territories and jurisdictions. .
Introduction to OSHA
 Which OSHA Standards Apply to You?

OSHA is responsible for writing and enforcing standards that

employers must follow.

It is important to know which standards apply to your business.

This is most often the responsibility of your Health & Safety
Specialists, or those people that represent the employer.

Employees must comply with all appropriate rules and

regulations.

Introduction to OSHA
Which OSHA Standards Apply to You?

OSHA standards cover:

general industry
construction
long shoring and marine
terminals (maritime)
some agricultural activities

Introduction to OSHA
Emergency Standards
OSHA is authorized to set EMERGENCY
TEMPORARY STANDARDS that take effect
immediately under certain limited conditions.
OSHA must determine that:
Workers are in grave danger due to
exposure to toxic substances/agents or to
new hazards, AND
an emergency standard is needed to protect
them.
The temporary standard serves as a proposed
permanent standard. The emergency
standard may be challenged.

Introduction to OSHA
 Enforcement
OSHA has a staff of over 2,300, including
approximately 1,300 compliance safety and
health officers.
OSHA has the authority to inspect every
establishment covered by the Act.
Inspections are conducted without advance
notice, except under special circumstances.

Introduction to OSHA
29 CFR 1910.147 – What does it Mean?
OSHA standards are compiled and
published in the Code of Federal
Regulations (CFR), Volume 29. It is also
referred to as “29 CFR,” or the “Federal
Register.”
The Title or the 29, refers to the specific
portion of law and how it is filed in
Washington. Title 29 has been assigned to
OSHA.
Remember that CFR is the abbreviation for
Code of Federal Regulations.

Introduction to OSHA
29 CFR 1910.147 – What does it Mean?
The Section is a subpart. Below is an example of the
Lockout/ Tag out standard found in the “general
industry" standards. Broken into pieces it means:

Introduction to OSHA
 29 CFR 1910.147 – What does it Mean?

Paragraph Numbering System

The paragraph numbering system may seem a little complex at first, but it
helps you find an exact place in the standard.

Introduction to OSHA
 29 CFR 1910.147 – What does it Mean?
Final Text Published in the Federal Register
Here is an example of final text published in the Federal Register.

Title 29 CFR Department of Labor

Part 1910 Occupational Safety & Health Standards for
General Industry
Subpart D Walking and Working Surfaces
Paragraph 25 Portable Wood Ladders
Subparagraph (b) Materials
(1) Requirements applicable to all wood parts
(i) All wood parts shall be free from sharp edges and
splinters; sound & free from accepted visual
inspection from shake, wane, compression failures,
decay or other irregularities. Low density wood shall
not be used.
Introduction to OSHA
 General Duty Clause
OSHA issues standards for a wide variety of workplace hazards, including:

toxic substances hazardous waste

harmful physical agents infectious diseases
electrical hazards fire and explosion hazards
fall hazards dangerous atmospheres
trenching hazards machine hazards

Where there are no specific OSHA standard, employers must comply with
the OSH Act's “General Duty Clause," which requires employers to
provide their employees with a workplace that is free from recognized
hazards that are causing or likely to cause death or serious physical
harm.

Introduction to OSHA
 General Duty Clause

REMEMBER the general duty clause:

Introduction to OSHA
Recording and Reporting Occupational Injuries and
Illnesses
The purpose of the new rule, 29 CFR Part 1904, is to
require employers to RECORD and REPORT
work-related fatalities, injuries, and illnesses.
Regulation 29 CFR 1904, took effect on January 1,
2002.
NOTE:
Recording or reporting a work-related injury,
illness, or fatality does NOT mean that the
employer or employee was at fault, that an OSHA
rule has been violated, or that the employee is
eligible for workers' compensation or other
benefits.

Introduction to OSHA
 Reporting Fatalities and Catastrophes
Keep in mind that exempt employers are NOT exempt from REPORTING
fatalities and catastrophes.

A few exempt employers will have to maintain records if OSHA or the

Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) selects them to participate in a
mandatory data collection
Introduction to OSHA
 Reporting to OSHA
You have learned; ALL employers (of any size or
classification) must report to OSHA within
eight hours of learning about:
 the death of any employee from a work-
related incident
 the in-patient hospitalization of three or more
employees as a result of a work-related
incident

Do NOT send an email or mail a report to OSHA; the report must be made orally!
Introduction to OSHA
 Benefits of the Recordkeeping Rule
What's so important about recordkeeping?

Keeping records allows OSHA to compile survey

material, helps identify high-hazard industries,
and informs employees about their employers’
workplace safety record.

These records also help employers identify potential

sources of injuries and illnesses at their
worksites.

By using injury and illness data, problem areas are

identified and hazardous workplace conditions
can be corrected.

Introduction to OSHA
 Recordkeeping Requirements

Employers not exempt from OSHA's recordkeeping requirements

must prepare and maintain records of work-related injuries and
illnesses. Employers must record any work-related injury or illness
that meets one or more of the final rule’s six general recording
criteria, which are:
• death
• days away from work
• restricted work or transfer to another job
• medical treatment beyond first aid
• loss of consciousness
• diagnoses by a physician or other licensed health care professional
as a significant injury or illness

Introduction to OSHA
Recordkeeping Requirements

Introduction to OSHA
 Recordkeeping Forms
The modified injury and illness forms began use on January 1, 2004.

Introduction to OSHA
 Employee Rights and Involvement
One of the goals of the new rule is to
enhance employee rights and involvement
in reporting and recordkeeping.
This means:
Employers must establish procedures for
employees to report work-related injuries
and illnesses and train employees on how
to use those procedures.

OSHA makes clear in the new rule that employers cannot

discriminate against employees for reporting injuries or
illnesses.
Employees have the right to access:
301 forms for their own injury and illnesses
the “Log,” OSHA 300 (Log of Work-Related Injuries and Illnesses)
 Employee Rights

Workers have a vital role to play in identifying and correcting

problems in their workplaces, working with their employers, and
OSHA whenever possible. A worker should occasionally read the “It’s
The Law!” poster to remind them of their rights, and where to go to
get more information.

Introduction to OSHA
 Employee Rights
If you are an employee, you have the right to:
 review copies of appropriate OSHA standards, rules, regulations,
and requirements that the employer should have available at the
workplace
 request information from your employer on safety and health
hazards, precautions, and emergency procedures
 receive adequate training and information
 request that OSHA investigate if you believe hazardous
conditions or violations of standards exist in your workplace
 have your name withheld from your employer if you file a
complaint
 be advised of OSHA actions regarding your complaint and have
an informal review of any decision not to inspect or to issue a
citation

Introduction to OSHA
 Employee
If you are an employee, Rights
you have the right to:
 have your authorized employee representative accompany the
OSHA compliance officer during an inspection
 respond to questions from the OSHA compliance officer
 observe any monitoring or measuring of hazardous materials and
see any related monitoring or medical records
 review the Log and Summary of Work-Related Injuries and Illnesses
(OSHA 300 and 300A) at a reasonable time and in a reasonable
manner
 request a closing discussion following an inspection
 submit a written request to the National Institute for Occupational
Safety and Health (NIOSH) for information on whether any
substance in the workplace has potentially toxic effects in the
concentrations being used and have their name withheld from their
employer

Introduction to OSHA
 Employee Rights
If you are an employee, you have the right to:
 object to the abatement period set in a citation issued to
your employer
 participate in hearings conducted by the Occupational
Safety and Health Review Commission
 be notified by your employer if he or she applies for a
variance, testify at a variance hearing, and appeal the
final decision
 submit information or comments to OSHA on the
issuance, modification, or revocation of OSHA standards
and request a public hearing

Introduction to OSHA
 OSHA’s “Workers” Web Site
OSHA has created a Web site just for workers. The site
includes information on:
how to file a complaint
workers’ rights and responsibilities
OSHA resources
. . . and more

Introduction to OSHA
 Employers Under the OSH Act
Employers must provide a safe
and healthful workplace,
free of recognized hazards
and follow the OSHA
standards.
Employers must do all of the following to comply with the OSH Act:
 provide a safe and healthful workplace free of recognized
hazards
 minimize or eliminate potential hazards
 comply with standards, rules, and regulations issued under the
OSH Act
 provide employee training
Introduction to OSHA
 Employers Under the OSH Act

Employers must do all of the following to comply with the OSH Act:
 provide employee medical examinations
 provide employees with properly maintained tools and
equipment, including appropriate personal protective
equipment (PPE)
 maintain recordkeeping of work-related illnesses and injuries
 provide recordkeeping to employees
 cooperate with OSHA inspectors
 post the “It’s The Law!” poster
 post the annual summary of work-related illnesses and injuries
The OSH Act grants employers important rights, particularly during
and after an OSHA inspection. It is a good idea for employers
to exercise their rights; such as accompanying an inspection
with an OSHA compliance officer.
Introduction to OSHA
 Employer Rights

Employers have rights

too!
Employers, OSHA, and
NIOSH work
together to provide
a safe and healthful
work place.

Introduction to OSHA
 Employer Rights
If you are an employer, you have the right to:
 seek free advice and on-site consultation from OSHA
 request and receive proper identification of OSHA
compliance officers
 be advised by the compliance officer of the reason for an
inspection
 have an opening and closing conference with the
compliance officer
 accompany the compliance officer on the inspection
 file a notice of contest to dispute inspection results
 apply for a variance from a standard, under special
conditions, while other means have been provided to
protect employees

Introduction to OSHA
 Employer Rights
NIOSH
Employers can submit a written request to the National
Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
(NIOSH) for information on whether any substance
in the workplace has potentially toxic effects in the
concentrations being used.

OSHA
Employers can submit information or comments to
OSHA on the issuance, modification, or revocation
of OSHA standards and request a public hearing.

Introduction to OSHA
 Workplace Inspections
The OSH Act authorizes
OSHA to conduct
workplace inspections to
enforce its standards.
Every establishment
covered by the OSH Act
is subject to inspection by
OSHA Compliance Safety
and Health Officers
(CSHOs).

Introduction to OSHA
 Workplace Inspections

Most inspections are conducted without

advance notice. In fact, anyone who alerts
an employer in advance of an OSHA
inspection can receive a criminal fine of up
to $1,000 or a six-month jail term or both!
Under special circumstances, OSHA may
give the employer advance notice of an
inspection – but no more than 24 hours.

Introduction to OSHA
 Conducting the Inspection
The basic components
of an inspection
include:
 Compliance Safety and
Health Officer displays
official credentials
 opening conference,
usually accompanied by
a company
representative

Introduction to OSHA
 Conducting the Inspection
The basic components of an inspection include:
 walk around inspection
1. CSHO and accompanying representatives
(employer and employee) inspect the
establishment for potentially hazardous working
conditions
2. CSHO discusses possible corrective actions with
the employer
3. CSHO may consult, at times privately, with
employees
 closing conference

Introduction to OSHA
 Inspection Priorities
OSHA cannot inspect all 7 million workplaces
covered by the OSH Act. Therefore, the most
hazardous workplaces are inspected to
make the most positive impact on
occupational safety and health.

OSHA focuses its inspections on these conditions:

 imminent danger
1. Any condition where there is a reasonable certainty
that a danger exists that can be expected to cause
death or serious physical harm immediately, or before
the danger can be eliminated through normal
enforcement procedures.
Introduction to OSHA
 Inspection Priorities
OSHA focuses its inspections on these conditions:
 fatalities and catastrophes (resulting in hospitalization of
3 or more employees)
 employee complaints or referrals
 programmed high-hazard inspections
 follow-ups to previous inspections

Introduction to OSHA
 What Happens After an OSHA Inspection?
 OSHA may or may not issue citations.
1. After CSHO reports findings, the OSHA area director
(supervisor) determines what citations, if any, will be
issued, and what penalties, if any, will be proposed.
 Citations inform employer and employees of the
regulations and standards allegedly violated and of the
proposed time for abatement.
 Citations and notices of proposed penalties are sent to
employers by certified mail.
 Employers must post a copy of each citation at or near
the place where the violation occurred, for 3 days or
until violation is corrected, whichever is longer.
Introduction to OSHA