分數欄

答案： exactly
三民 B1L4-7
11. _____________ Dylan is neither too fat nor too slim. He is of a_____e weight.
老師： 班級： 座號：______ 姓名：__________ 答案： average
一、字彙填充(共 0 分,每題 0 分) 12. _____________ The teacher took a look at my science report, and g_____y a smile
1. _____________ The air p_____n in that industrial town is very serious, so it is better to came to her face. She looked satisfied with my work.
wear a mask if you visit it. 答案： gradually
答案： pollution 13. _____________ Weight gain and back pain are just two of the c_____es of sitting for
2. _____________ The sudden s_____t in the government’s policy has greatly affected the long periods of time.
working class. 答案： consequences
答案： shift 14. _____________ Water, ice, and snow are actually the same s_____e in different forms.
3. _____________ The thief not only made an a_____n of guilt to the police, but also told 答案： substance
them where he hid all of the things he had stolen. 15. _____________ Through this project, the p_____e of those who can't read or write in
答案： admission this village has greatly decreased.
4. _____________ Before you write, you should o_____e your ideas in a logical way so 答案： percentage
that readers have no difficulty understanding your passage. 16. _____________ Industrial waste from the factory has p_____ed the river and killed a
答案： organize lot of fish.
5. _____________ The chef cut the lemon in half and s_____ed some juice into a bowl. 答案： polluted
答案： squeezed 17. _____________ The skirt is made of fine c_____h. That’s why it feels soft to the touch.
6. _____________ A_____y, the food at this hot dog stand tastes a lot better than the food 答案： cloth
in that high-class restaurant. 18. _____________ At his best friend’s wedding, Frank c_____ed so much wine that he
答案： Amazingly became too drunk to go back home by himself.
7. _____________ That café has a wide v_____y of drinks. You can find at least ten 答案： consumed
different kinds of coffee there. 19. _____________ That stall sells vegetables that are grown without the use of c_____ls.
答案： variety 答案： chemicals
8. _____________ Some fruits contain a high level of n_____ l sugar and taste sweet 20. _____________ The things that parents say and do can a_____t how their children
without adding anything. think or act.
答案： natural 答案： affect
9. _____________ Scientists are trying to find out how different blood types i_____e the 21. _____________ Johnson has seen many doctors to treat his s_____n back pain.
way people act. 答案： stubborn
答案： influence 22. _____________ If you take g_____l steps to quit smoking instead of sudden ones, you
10. _____________ Tim nodded and then did e_____y what his mother told him to do. are more likely to succeed.

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答案： gradual topic you are interested in.
23. _____________ One of the tips for taking care of newborn babies is to take a rest when (A)technology (B)connection (C)variety (D)amazement
they are sleeping and to pay close attention to them when they are a_____e. 5. ( D ) I need a calculator to calculate the ______ of these numbers.
答案： awake (A)access (B)consequence (C)shift (D)average
6. ( C ) Mr. Lin is a very _____ writer; he publishes at least five novels every year.
24. _____________ Having nothing to eat, most of the missing climbers had s_____ed to
(A)moderate (B)temporary (C)productive (D)reluctant
death when the rescue team finally found them.
答案： starved 7. ( B ) The young artist was sad because it seemed impossible for him to _____ his dream
without his parents’ support.
25. _____________ Stephen is an e_____t at fixing machines. Nobody does it better than
(A)squeeze (B)realize (C)impress (D)stain
him.
8. ( B ) Irene does not throw away used envelopes. She _____ them by using them for
答案： expert
taking telephone messages.
26. _____________ The police asked Allan to d_____e the thief he had seen the day before. (A)designs (B)recycles (C)disguises (D)manufactures
答案： describe
9. ( D ) In line with the worldwide green movement, carmakers have been working hard to
27. _____________ With your full d_____n, I can get a clear image of your new school. make their new models more _____ friendly to reduce pollution.
答案： description (A)liberally (B)individually (C)financially (D)environmentally
28. _____________ The red, orange, and yellow leaves are a clear i_____n that the weather 10. ( B ) The baby was extremely frightened by his father's yell. It took a while for his
is getting cold. mother to _____ him down.
答案： indication (A)file (B)calm (C)choke (D)freeze
29. _____________ I have a cup of coffee in the morning to help me stay a_____e. 11. ( B ) You are likely to _____ your dream as long as you have strong faith in yourself
答案： awake and are willing to make an effort.
(A)prevent (B)realize (C)amaze (D)remove
30. _____________ Cherry trees have started to blossom, and this i_____es that spring is
12. ( A ) Stains and spots can be _____ more easily after being soaked in white vinegar for
approaching.
答案： indicates 30 minutes.
(A)removed (B)realized (C)squeezed (D)impressed
13. ( D ) _____ American civil rights leaders, many people think of Martin Luther King, Jr.,
二、字彙與慣用語選擇(共 0 分,每題 0 分)
who is renowned for his speech “I Have a Dream”.
1. ( B ) Orbis is a non-profit _____ that is devoted to treating the blind all over the world. (A)In spite of (B)On average
(A)chemical (B)organization (C)substance (D)drain (C)As a consequence of (D)When it comes to
2. ( D ) Although I have tried many kinds of cleaners, the stain on my shirt won’t _____. 14. ( C ) Many readers interpret the _____ of “The Road Not Taken” differently, and this is
(A)end up (B)call on (C)wipe up (D)come off what makes the poem more interesting.
3. ( D ) Since the typhoon, the basement has been filled with water. We have to _____ the (A)variety (B)attraction (C)meaning (D)effect
water as soon as possible. 15. ( B ) I’m afraid we can’t take your word, for the evidence we’ve collected so far is not
(A)reserve (B)repair (C)retire (D)remove _____ with what you said.
4. ( C ) This library is famous for its wide _____ of books. You can find books on any
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 (A)familiar (B)consistent (C)durable (D)sympathetic been to Germany, France, Italy, and Greece.
16. ( D )_____ global warming from getting worse becomes an important issue for all of us. (A)Like (B)Besides (C)With (D)In
(A)Impressing (B)Realizing (C)Amazing (D)Preventing 28. ( A ) Typhoon Morakot claimed more than six hundred lives in early August of 2009,
17. ( C ) This nightclub has an age ______. People who are under twenty one aren’t making it the most serious natural _____ in Taiwan in recent decades.
permitted to enter. (A)disaster (B)barrier (C)anxiety (D)collapse
(A)injury (B)admission (C)limit (D)pilot 29. ( B ) It is not difficult to _____ your unique Easter eggs. You can create any interesting
18. ( A ) Typhoon Maggie brought to I-lan County a huge amount of rainfall, much greater design on your own.
than the _____ rainfall of the season in the area. (A)apply (B)decorate (C)imagine (D)affect
(A)average (B)considerate (C)promising (D)enjoyable 30. ( C ) _____ engineers, being a businessman needs more social skills.
19. ( C ) In the _____ world of fairy tales, the prince and the princess always get married (A)Comparing with (B)With Comparison to
and lead a happy life afterward. (C)Compared to (D)To comparing with
(A)imaginative (B)imaginable (C)imaginary (D)imagined 31. ( A ) The results of our study are not consistent _____ those of previous research.
20. ( A ) Equipped with the latest machines, this factory can _____ the same number of cars Therefore, we decide to conduct the experiment once again more carefully.
with far fewer workers now. (A)with (B)to (C)for (D)in
(A)produce (B)govern (C)contain (D)pollute 32. ( B ) The interviewees were trying very hard to _____ the interviewers that they were
21. ( B ) After graduation, Mr. Chang worked very hard and won several cases. He _____ very capable and should be given the job.
built up a reputation as a successful lawyer. (A)credit (B)impress (C)relieve (D)acquire
(A)hardly (B)gradually (C)portably (D)mutually 33. ( B ) Successfully gaining _____ to his dream university, Howard wrote his teacher a
22. ( B ) Burning old tires has been forbidden in many countries because it causes great sincere thank-you message for helping him so much.
_____ to the environment and people. (A)shift (B)admission (C)consequence (D)requirement
(A)plastic (B)harm (C)support (D)production 34. ( D ) Eating dessert before meals may kill your _____.
23. ( B ) Cheese, powdered milk, and yogurt are common milk _____. (A)energy (B)character (C)quality (D)appetite
(A)produces (B)products (C)productions (D)productivities 35. ( D ) We shouldn’t throw things away at will; instead, we should try to _____ them as
24. ( D ) Peter stayed up late last night, so he drank a lot of coffee this morning to keep much as possible.
himself _____ in class. (A)pollute (B)contain (C)organize (D)recycle
(A)acceptable (B)amazed (C)accurate (D)awake 36. ( A ) Fairly _____ with the applicant's enthusiasm and talent, the studio decided to hire
25. ( B ) To make fresh lemonade, cut the lemon in half, _____ the juice into a bowl, and him as the new creative manager.
then add as much water and sugar as you like. (A)impressed (B)realized (C)prevented (D)removed
(A)decrease (B)squeeze (C)freeze (D)cease 37. ( C ) Mr. Chang always tries to answer all questions from his students. He will not
26. ( B ) After taking the medicine, my brother experienced loss of _____, so he didn't eat _____ any of them even if they may sound stupid.
much during dinner time. (A)reform (B)depress (C)ignore (D)confirm
(A)guilt (B)appetite (C)rescue (D)attraction 38. ( C ) The manager’s tone _____ that she did not really appreciate our help.
27. ( B ) Emma is an experienced traveler. _____ most of the Asian countries, she has also (A)decorated (B)affected (C)indicated (D)associated

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39. ( C ) Your desk is crowded with too many unnecessary things. You have to _____ some 三、文法選擇(共 0 分,每題 0 分)
of them. 1. ( A ) _____ by noise pollution is discussed in this essay.
(A)remain (B)resist (C)remove (D)renew (A)How animals are affected (B)Why animals affect
40. ( A ) The basement of David’s house was flooded, so he used a powerful pump to (C)Animals are affected how (D)Animals are affected why
_____ it. 2. ( A ) Mr. Anderson thinks his son is _____ young _____ move out and live alone.
(A)drain (B)contain (C)govern (D)organize (A)too; to (B)so; that (C)very; so as to (D)as; as
41. ( A ) Tom was very ill a week ago, but now he looks healthy. We are _____ by his quick 3. ( C ) The bomb attack outside the live concert left at least 20 people _____, and most of
recovery. them were teenagers.
(A)amazed (B)convinced (C)advised (D)confirmed (A)to die (B)died (C)dead (D)were dead
42. ( C ) The story of Oliver’s hard work and his ______ success has inspired many young 4. ( B ) _____ around the world is many people's dream.
people. (A)Travel (B)Traveling (C)Traveled (D)Be traveling
(A)competitive (B)sleepless (C)consistent (D)plentiful 5. ( C ) After I entered university, I didn’t need to get up _____ I used to.
43. ( A ) The house was deserted with its windows _____ into pieces after the earthquake. (A)as early (B)more early as (C)as early as (D)as early than
(A)broken down (B)wiped up (C)added up (D)come off 6. ( C ) Did you see my cellphone? I remember I _____ it on the desk.
44. ( A ) Due to numerous accidents that occurred while people were playing Pokémon GO, (A)leaving (B)leave (C)left (D)leaves
players were advised to be _____ of possible dangers in the environment. 7. ( A ) The 7,000 pieces—full statues, heads and carved inscriptions—are breathtaking
(A)aware (B)ashamed (C)doubtful (D)guilty not only for their individual beauty, but also for _____ they represent: a road map
45. ( B ) After Sabrina recalled for a while, the place where she lost her wallet _____. to the origins of much of Southeast Asian culture.
(A)came out (B)came to mind (C)looked down (D)saw through (A)what (B)which (C)that (D)when
46. ( C ) The man had witnessed the accident, but he was too shocked to tell what _____ 8. ( B ) Our teacher never nags us to study because he thinks that we are _____ manage
happened. our own time.
(A)gently (B)amazingly (C)exactly (D)gradually (A)enough mature to (B)mature enough to
47. ( D ) It took Jason a few weeks to finally ______ to his wife that he had lost his job. (C)mature enough for (D)enough mature for
(A)confine (B)limit (C)injure (D)admit 9. ( B ) Frank’s grades are better than _____ because he works _____.
48. ( D ) We must be extremely careful about what we read in the newspaper because the (A)I; so hard (B)mine; harder (C)I; as hard (D)me; harder
reports are not _____ true and accurate. 10. ( C ) Because Owen stayed up late last night, he has to drink coffee to keep himself
(A)barely (B)doubtfully (C)roughly (D)necessarily _____ in class.
49. ( A ) A large number of workers have _____ the factory to put more emphasis on safety. (A)be awake (B)awoke (C)awake (D)be awaking
(A)called on (B)thrown away (C)paid a price for (D)ended up 11. ( D ) Many children in Africa starve _____ because their families are too poor.
50. ( D ) Living in a highly _____ society, you definitely have to arm yourself with as much (A)and dies (B)to die (C)to dying (D)to death
knowledge as possible. 12. ( A ) Our new classmate never talks to anyone. No one really knows _____.
(A)tolerant (B)permanent (C)favorable (D)competitive (A)where she is from (B)where is she from
(C)that she is from (D)she is from where

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13. ( B ) Why the shows are so popular with people in many countries _____ that they can 25. ( A ) With so many dresses to choose from, Shelia couldn't decide _____ dress to wear
be enjoyed on TV, cellphone, and the Internet. to the party because they were all so beautiful.
(A)are (B)is (C)will be (D)have been (A)which (B)what (C)how (D)where
14. ( D ) The house prices in Taipei are not _____ the house prices in Hong Kong. 26. ( A ) My friends have different jobs. Some are teachers. _____ are writers. _____ are
(A)too expensive to (B)so expensively as actors.
(C)so expensive than (D)as expensive as (A)Others; Still others (B)Another; Others
15. ( A ) It is necessary _____ everyone to follow the traffic rules so as to prevent car (C)Other; Still others (D)The others; Others
accidents. 27. ( D ) If I am _____ busy or tired to cook, we will eat out.
(A)for (B)of (C)with (D)in (A)very (B)much (C)so (D)too
16. ( B ) _____ consuming too much sugar is bad for our health is widely known. 28. ( C ) The challenge is indeed both big and difficult. _____ people on earth can handle it
(A)Of (B)That (C)For (D)As successfully.
17. ( C ) Alicia wants to know _____ to do to keep food from going bad. (A)Little (B)A little (C)Few (D)A few
(A)how (B)when (C)what (D)where 29. ( B ) Amber enjoys reading, and she thinks that books can _____ her a smarter person.
18. ( D ) _____ my grandfather is eighty years old, he is still very healthy and seldom sees a (A)get (B)make (C)take (D)have
doctor. 30. ( A ) My brother performed pretty well on the college entrance exam. However, he
(A)However (B)Because (C)When (D)Although couldn’t decide which subject _____.
19. ( A ) You had better stay in the house since the wind of this super typhoon is _____ to (A)to major in (B)majoring in (C)should major in (D)will major in
raise a car. 31. ( D ) To Sue, drama is the best way _____ she can learn about life and the world.
(A)strong enough (B)so strong (C)too strong (D)much stronger (A)why (B)so (C)as (D)that
20. ( B ) However, according to a wide array of scientific and sociological research, 32. ( C ) _____ the weather forecast, there is a chance of rain throughout the weekend.
creativity is _____ a sign of rare genius than a natural human potential. (A)Based on (B)As for (C)According to (D)Due to
(A)more (B)less (C)better (D)worse 33. ( B ) The restaurant owner suggested several dishes; among them, _____ was chicken
21. ( C ) The damage to the car's engine is _____ serious _____ be repaired. I suggest that soup and _____ was beef noodles.
you should buy a new car. (A)one; the other (B)one; another
(A)so; that (B)much; that (C)too; to (D)enough; to (C)one; other (D)another; the other
22. ( C ) This pop singer can not only write songs _____ design her own dresses for her 34. ( B ) Since Lexie has done nothing for her final project, I think it is totally impossible
performances. _____ her to finish it before tomorrow.
(A)so (B)and (C)but also (D)and also (A)to (B)for (C)of (D)with
23. ( C ) Frank bought two T-shirts yesterday. One is black and _____ is white. 35. ( B ) Eating three meals _____ what most people do every day.
(A)another (B)ones (C)the other (D)others (A)are (B)is (C)being (D)be
24. ( A ) When I got home, I _____ the door of my apartment open, so I was afraid that 36. ( B ) Speeding is responsible _____ many car crashes.
someone broke into my home. (A)in (B)for (C)with (D)to
(A)found (B)made (C)left (D)kept 37. ( B ) Ed ran _____ a rabbit. He caught the bus even after it left the bus stop.

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 (A)faster as (B)as fast as (C)as fastly as (D)fastly as 50. ( A ) We should try our best to prevent car accidents _____ happening.
38. ( C ) Two police officers are asking Joseph _____ the serious car accident happened. (A)from (B)with (C)than (D)into
(A)which (B)whom (C)how (D)what
39. ( C ) It’s not surprising _____ Larry is late for school again! 四、課文挖空綜合測驗(共 0 分,每題 0 分)
(A)where (B)which (C)that (D)whether 1. More and more plastic trash is ending up in the ocean, and this has caused an
40. ( A ) _____ computer games are the things I like to do most when I have free time. environmental disaster. Here's how this happens: Rainwater carries plastic litter from streets
(A)Reading and playing (B)To read and playing into rivers. The rivers then run into the sea. Tides also take plastic trash from the shores into
(C)Reading and to play (D)Read and play the ocean.
41. ( B ) The news that our grandfather had passed away last night made all of us _____. Moreover, plastic is also fed into the ocean by drains. Plastic is __1__ in common
(A)sadly (B)sad (C)sadness (D)most sadly household products, such as toothpaste and face scrubs. Microplastics, tiny plastic beads, can
42. ( D ) The Amazons are completely dependent on their slaves _____ their sharp jaws, so be
well suited for fighting, are useless in taking care of larvae or for digging. found in these products. There are many plastic fibers in clothes too. When people wash their
(A)unless (B)that (C)if (D)because clothes, these __2__ go into the water. The polluted water then goes down the drains. From
43. ( C ) It is kind _____ the young lady to help the old man. there, it finally enters the ocean.
(A)at (B)to (C)of (D)on According to the UN, about 80 percent of ocean garbage is plastic. __3__, biologists
44. ( B ) Some common items that we use every day can seem to perform magic when you now even
know how _____ them. call the ocean “plastic soup” due to the plastic everywhere. This pollution is having a terrible
(A)should you use (B)to use (C)using (D)do you use effect __4__ marine life. Millions of plastic items are floating in the ocean, and this may lead
45. ( C ) With the coming of Christmas, the road was beautifully decorated with red lights birds to __5__ food. The birds pick up these pieces of trash and feed them to their young. As
on one side and green lights on _____ side of it. a result, many chicks aren't getting enough real food, and some may even starve to death.
(A)another (B)other (C)the other (D)others ( 1 ) ( ) (A) contained (B) concluded (C) included (D) confessed
46. ( B ) Our new table is a little _____ than our old one, but it still fits into the dining ( 2 ) ( ) (A) products (B) fields (C) substances (D) subjects
room. ( 3 ) ( ) (A) Thus (B) However (C) Besides (D) Probably
(A)more wider (B)wider (C)wide (D)more wide ( 4 ) ( ) (A) to (B) on (C) of (D) by
47. ( A ) James is studying in the library, _____? ( 5 ) ( ) (A) mistake them to (B) mistake them on (C) mistake them by (D) mistake
(A)isn't he (B)aren't he (C)won't he (D)is he them for
48. ( A ) Choose the WRONG sentence. 答案： ( 1 ) A ( 2 ) C ( 3 ) A ( 4 ) B ( 5 ) D
(A)The fact the pop singer is unable to read and write shocks many people.
2. Try the following trick with oil or a citrus peel. Many people have stained their
(B)Do you know Jessica is going to walk down the aisle next month?
desks __1__ when they use markers or correction fluid. When you have difficulty __2__
(C)The reason why I did not go to the party is that I was ill that day.
such stains, what can you do? Try using some oil or citrus peels.
(D)That the sun rises in the east is a matter of common sense.
Believe it or not, baby oil can effectively help remove stubborn stains, and so can the oil
49. ( A ) Hard work always plays an influential part _____ one’s success.
from potato chips. Just follow these steps. First, prepare some oil. Then, put a few drops on
(A)in (B)to (C)for (D)of
the stain. Two minutes later, gently wipe up the oil and the stain with some tissues or a cloth.
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Amazingly, the stain will __3__. A citrus peel will also work in this way. First, have a citrus
peel ready. Next, squeeze a few drops of juice from the peel onto the stain. Lastly, rub the
stain with the citrus peel. The stain will gradually __4__ and be gone at last. The secret
behind this magic is that the __5__ substances from these kinds of oil and the acid content
from a citrus peel can break down a stain and thus make it easier to remove the stain.
Although these tricks may seem like magic, they are really just examples of the use of
science in our everyday life. Science can look like eye-catching magic when you don't
understand it. However, when you do, you will realize that science is not just for the
laboratory, but also for everyday life.
( 1 ) ( ) (A) in addition (B) by accident (C) even though (D) better yet
( 2 ) ( ) (A) to remove (B) removing (C) of removing (D) remove
( 3 ) ( ) (A) disappear (B) impress (C)prevent (D) absorb
( 4 ) ( ) (A) come off (B) calm down (C) come across (D) end up
( 5 ) ( ) (A) crisp (B) exact (C) organic (D) amazing
答案： ( 1 ) B ( 2 ) B ( 3 ) A ( 4 ) A ( 5 ) C
3. Things often have more uses than we could ever imagine. In fact, some common
items that we use every day can perform magic if we know __1__ use them. Take sugar
cubes, for example. You can add one to a drink to make it sweet. __2__, do you know that
they are also helpful in keeping cookies crisp?
Just prepare two __3__ of cookies, and put several sugar cubes into one of the jars.
After two weeks, you will find that the cookies in the jar with sugar cubes are crisper than
the cookies in the other jar.
This is an easy way to keep cookies crisp, isn't it? How it __4__ works is that sugar
cubes absorb moisture. That's why you can prevent cookies __5__ turning soft. Better yet,
the same method can be used to store milk powder, peanuts, and so on.
( 1 ) ( ) (A) what to (B) what (C) how to (D) how
( 2 ) ( ) (A) By accident (B) However (C) Coming of (D) Although
( 3 ) ( ) (A) clothes (B) secrets (C) jars (D) tissues
( 4 ) ( ) (A) stubbornly (B) exactly (C) softly (D) secretly
( 5 ) ( ) (A) to (B) for (C) of (D) from
答案： ( 1 ) C ( 2 ) B ( 3 ) C ( 4 ) B ( 5 ) D
4. When it comes to the basic necessities of life, the first things that come to mind for
most people are food and water. Many often forget that sleep is just __1__ important for life
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__1__ food and water are. __2__ people need to drink plenty of water and eat nutritious food
to be healthy, they also need a sufficient amount of sleep. Experts say that adults need
between 7and 9 hours of sleep every night. In spite of the importance of sleep, Taiwanese
adults only sleep for 6 hours and 20 minutes each night on __3__, according to a study.
But why are people not getting enough sleep? One possible reason is that people stay
awake longer than they should due to their around-the-clock access to information and food.
__4__ possible reason is that the competitive world of business today makes people go to
work early but leave late. Besides, people often sleep less as a result __5__ drinking too
much coffee or too many
energy drinks.
( 1 ) ( ) (A) too; to (B) as; as (C) too; as (D) much; as
( 2 ) ( ) (A) For (B) As (C) To (D) With
( 3 ) ( ) (A) average (B) speaking (C) routine (D) route
( 4 ) ( ) (A) The other (B) Others (C) Other (D) Another
( 5 ) ( ) (A) in (B) of (C) by (D) with
答案： ( 1 ) B ( 2 ) B ( 3 ) A ( 4 ) D ( 5 ) B
5. Although everyone knows how terrible it is to struggle to go to school or work
after one sleepless night, the bad effects of consistently sleeping less are often ignored. In the
short term,
people who don't sleep enough perform poorly and fail to stay sharp. __1__, sleeping 5 hours
or less a night for a week has the same effect as having a blood alcohol content of 0.1. That
is much
higher than the legal __2__ for safe driving! Therefore, it isn't surprising that lack of sleep
can have serious consequences. In 2009, 49 people died in an airplane crash because of the
tiredness of the pilots who __3__ enough the night before. Another __4__ that has a problem
with tiredness is the medical profession. First-year doctors often work very long shifts that
can last between 20 and 30 hours. A study of 2,700 first-year doctors found that 20 percent
admitted to injuring patients because of fatigue. 5 percent confessed that a lack of sleep was
responsible __5__ their making a life-and-death mistake.
( 1 ) ( ) (A) In fact (B) In general (C) Besides (D) In the beginning
( 2 ) ( ) (A) result (B) duty (C) perform (D) limit
( 3 ) ( ) (A) have slept (B) hadn't slept (C) haven't slept (D) had slept
( 4 ) ( ) (A) position (B) organization (C) field (D) ground
( 5 ) ( ) (A) for (B) on (C) by (D) to
答案： ( 1 ) A ( 2 ) D ( 3 ) B ( 4 ) C ( 5 ) A
6. Why are different colors used in our everyday lives, such as the examples above?
That's because colors have strong effects __1__ us. Have you ever thought about why school
buses and taxis are painted yellow and why stop signs are painted red? This is because
yellow is a color that is bright enough to __2__ people's attention, even in heavy traffic. As
for red, it is usually used to indicate danger; thus, many traffic signs use this color.
How colors affect appetite is another thing that many of us want to learn about.
According to studies, the color of a dining environment can influence __3__ much people eat.
Most restaurants and cafés are decorated in bright colors to try to make people eat more. This
is because bright colors are the __4__ colors of many foods and are able to raise people's
spirits. Blue, in comparison with bright colors, calms people down and makes them eat less.
What's more, very few foods are blue in nature. Therefore, the brain doesn't __5__ this color
__5__ food. If someone is on a diet, using blue dishes and bowls might help.
( 1 ) ( ) (A) to (B) of (C) on (D) with
( 2 ) ( ) (A) catch (B) grab (C) see (D) meet
( 3 ) ( ) (A) why (B) which (C) who (D) how
( 4 ) ( ) (A) natural (B) different (C) professional (D) familiar
( 5 ) ( ) (A) combine; with (B) associate; with (C) associate; to (D) combine; to
答案： ( 1 ) C ( 2 ) A ( 3 ) D ( 4 ) A ( 5 ) B
7. In fact, colors play a more influential part in our lives than we can ever imagine,
and sometimes we may use the symbolic meanings of colors to talk about people and things.
Take the English language, for example. We may __1__ a sick person by saying he or she
looks “a little green.” Some of us may feel too down to cheer __2__ up on “blue” Mondays.
To describe a terrible day, we can say that this day is “black.” __3__, a “red­hot” song means
that it is really popular. As we can see in these examples, color words certainly can be __4__
spice up our normal conversations.
Although most of us are not aware of this, the different ways that colors can influence
us are too many to count. Colors __5__ give variety to our lives __5__ make languages more
interesting.
( 1 ) ( ) (A) describe (B) speak (C) tell (D) mention
( 2 ) ( ) (A) us (B) ours (C) ourselves (D) our
( 3 ) ( ) (A) Besides (B) Nevertheless (C) Instead (D) Therefore
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( 4 ) ( ) (A) using to (B) used to (C) uses to (D) use to
( 5 ) ( ) (A) either; or (B) both; and (C) not only; but also (D) neither; nor
答案： ( 1 ) A ( 2 ) C ( 3 ) A ( 4 ) B ( 5 ) C
8. Experts have found many dead animals’ stomachs full of plastic trash. They died
because their digestive systems were blocked. Besides, many fish consume microplastics that
contain harmful chemicals which kill the fish.
Both the ocean and marine life around the world are now __1__ a terrible price for our
overuse of plastic. However, it is not too late to take action. __2__, we can reuse bags or
bring our own bags when we shop. We can also stop buying bottled water and start using
reusable containers instead. Of course, we should recycle all plastic items. It is also
important not to use products __3__ contain microplastics. In addition, we can support
environmental organizations and __4__ to help them. These groups are __5__ asking
manufacturers to use less plastic in their products and packaging __5__ calling on
governments to start programs to clean the ocean. Therefore, it is possible for everyone to
make a difference, and the time to start is now.
( 1 ) ( ) (A) playing (B) wasting (C) spending (D) paying
( 2 ) ( ) (A) What’s more (B) Despite (C) Even though (D) For instance
( 3 ) ( ) (A) where (B) that (C) what (D) who
( 4 ) ( ) (A) struggle (B) volunteer (C) rush (D) relax
( 5 ) ( ) (A) whether; or (B) both; and (C) not only; but also (D) rather; than
答案： ( 1 ) D ( 2 ) D ( 3 ) B ( 4 ) B ( 5 ) C
五、課文綜合測驗(共 0 分,每題 0 分)
1. Some common things around you often have more uses than you could ever
imagine. __1__ a banana, for example. It can be helpful in polishing your leather shoes.
Just imagine you have difficulty __2__ your dirty shoes clean. What can you do in such
a situation? Get a banana and try __3__the inside of the banana peel all over the shoes. Then,
use dry cloth to polish them. You will discover that your shoes will shine __4__ ever before.
__5__ it may seem like magic, it is just an example of the use of science in our
everyday life. Science can look like eye-catching magic when you don’t understand it.
( 1 ) ( ) (A) Have (B) Let (C) Make (D) Take
( 2 ) ( ) (A) making (B) to make (C) and make (D) for making
( 3 ) ( ) (A) rubbed (B) to be rubbed (C) rubbing (D) rub
( 4 ) ( ) (A) as bright (B) more brightly than (C) brighter than (D) brightly like
( 5 ) ( ) (A) When (B) Although (C) Since (D) As long as
答案： ( 1 ) D ( 2 ) A ( 3 ) C ( 4 ) B ( 5 ) B
2. Many daily items may have other functions, and they can make our lives easier or more
interesting. The tricks are just to know __1__ to use them correctly.
For example, we can add sugar cubes to a cookie jar __2__ the cookies inside fresh. The
sugar absorbs moisture from the air, so the cookies don't go soft and stay __3__ than those
without sugar in the jar. This can also be used to store peanuts and milk powder.
Oil or citrus peel are other daily objects which have different uses. They are both useful for
removing stains that are difficult to clean. __4__ a few drops of oil on a stain, leave it a few
minutes, and then get some paper to wipe it up. This method will make the stain gone. The
same can be done by squeezing a few drops of citrus peel juice onto the stain. This works
because the stain is __5__ by the organic materials in the oil and the acid in the citrus peel.
These are just two examples of how we can take science out of the laboratory and make good
use of it into our daily lives.
( 1 ) ( ) (A) how (B) where (C) what (D) who
( 2 ) ( ) (A) to keep (B) to keeping (C) keeps (D) kept
( 3 ) ( ) (A) crisp (B) crisper (C) crispest (D) the crisper
( 4 ) ( ) (A) To put (B) Put (C) Being put (D) Putting
( 5 ) ( ) (A) cut off (B) put down (C) broken down (D) turned off
答案： ( 1 ) A ( 2 ) A ( 3 ) B ( 4 ) B ( 5 ) C
3. We live in a colorful world. Next time you walk along a street, be aware of all the
yellow taxis, the traffic lights, and the brightly colored signs in store windows that attract
shoppers. Colors are applied in many areas of our lives because they have powerful effects.
Think about __1__ stop signs are painted red and taxis are painted yellow. Red, of course,
indicates danger. __2__ yellow, it is bright enough to be seen from far away. Colors also
influence our appetite. For example, restaurants often decorate the dining environment with
bright colors because they want people to eat more. __3__, studies show blue, in comparison
with bright colors, can make people eat less because it calms them down. Besides, not many
foods are naturally blue, so our brain does not __4__ it with food. For people on a diet, using
a blue plate may help. Colors affect us in more ways than we can imagine. Think of the
variety of __5__ that colors have when we describe people and objects. A sick person looks
“green.” On Mondays we feel “blue” and in need of someone to cheer us up. On the other
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hand, a popular song may be described as “red-hot.” Colors make the world a more
interesting place, and what’s more, they spice up our language.
( 1 ) ( ) (A) why (B) how (C) whether (D) what
( 2 ) ( ) (A) Unlike (B) As for (C) Rather than (D) In addition to
( 3 ) ( ) (A) Therefore (B) No wonder (C) At first (D) However
( 4 ) ( ) (A) concern (B) influence (C) decorate (D) associate
( 5 ) ( ) (A) diets (B) brains (C) meanings (D) reasons
答案： ( 1 ) A ( 2 ) B ( 3 ) D ( 4 ) D ( 5 ) C
4. You may not think that things like salt and citrus peel are of great help in solving
the problems in our daily life. Susan, a young office worker, once stained her desk with a
marker __1__. She had difficulty removing the __2__ stain on the desk. When she was about
to give up, her co-worker, Joseph, came to her rescue. He got some orange peel, __3__ a few
drops of its juice on the stain, and wiped them off with some tissues. Then, amazingly, the
stain gradually __4__! Susan was so impressed with the magic that organic substances from
orange peel could work after Joseph explained the secret __5__ it. It dawned on her that
science wasn’t just for the laboratory but also for life.
( 1 ) ( ) (A) in the short term (B) after all (C) for instance (D) by accident
( 2 ) ( ) (A) crisp (B) gentle (C) exact (D) stubborn
( 3 ) ( ) (A) realized (B) squeezed (C) prevented (D) impressed
( 4 ) ( ) (A) came off (B) threw away (C) calmed down (D) called upon
( 5 ) ( ) (A) on (B) into (C) behind (D) from
答案： ( 1 ) D ( 2 ) D ( 3 ) B ( 4 ) A ( 5 ) C
5. According to the UN, about 80 percent of ocean garbage is plastic. How does this
happen? Rainwater carries plastic litter from streets into rivers, and then into the sea. The
household waste water containing microplastics, the tiny plastic beads, goes down the drains
and __1__ in the ocean as well. All of these __2__ the ocean “plastic soup.”
This pollution has a terrible effect on living creatures. Birds mistake plastic items __3__
food. Besides, many fish are killed by consuming microplastics __4__ many harmful
chemicals. Animals around the world are now paying a terrible price for our overuse of
plastic. However, we can make a difference. For instance, we can stop buying bottled water
and start using reusable containers instead. We can recycle all plastic items. __5__, we can
support environmental organization. It is never too late to take action.
( 1 ) ( ) (A) ends up (B) throws away (C) calls on (D) plays a role
( 2 ) ( ) (A) take (B) have (C) make (D) cause
( 3 ) ( ) (A) as (B) to (C) in (D) for
( 4 ) ( ) (A) contain (B) contained (C) to contain (D) that contain
( 5 ) ( ) (A) What’s worse (B) In addition (C) As a result (D) In spite of that
答案： ( 1 ) A ( 2 ) C ( 3 ) D ( 4 ) D ( 5 ) B
6. What is the basic necessity of life? The first answer is always food and water. In
fact, sleep is just __1__ food and water. Many people do not get enough sleep __2__ the
importance of sleep. One possible reason is that the competitive world today makes people
go to work early but leave late. __3__ possible reason is that people often sleep less because
of drinking too much coffee. However, lack of sleep can lead to serious consequences. In
2009, 49 people were killed in an air crash because the pilots __4__ enough the night before.
Also, a study of 2,700 first-year doctors found that one-fifth admitted to __5__ patients due
to tiredness. And, not getting enough sleep affects not only work performance but also real
long-term health problems such as heart disease and obesity. As we see, lack of sleep is now
becoming a health concern around the world, and it should not be ignored any more.
( 1 ) ( ) (A) as important as (B) as importantly as (C) as more as (D) as much as
( 2 ) ( ) (A) in comparison with (B) when it comes to (C) as a result of (D) in spite of
( 3 ) ( ) (A) One (B) Another (C) Other (D) The other
( 4 ) ( ) (A) don’t sleep (B) haven’t slept (C) hadn’t slept (D) weren’t sleeping
( 5 ) ( ) (A) injure (B) injuring (C) injured (D) being injured
答案： ( 1 ) A ( 2 ) D ( 3 ) B ( 4 ) C ( 5 ) B
7. Color is all around us, in our homes, and in nature. The way colors are used can have
interesting effects __1__ people. Different kinds of environments can be created through the
use of color. For example, blue makes the brain feel calm. This is why many bedrooms and
bathrooms are painted blue. __2__ blue, red is a color that represents excitement. Red can
even increase the desire of eating, which is why many restaurants use this color. Red is also a
color __3__ naturally stands out. Stop signs and fire hydrants are red to __4__.
There are many books written about the meanings of color. Being aware of __5__ color
makes one feel can be useful when choosing colors for a living or working space. No matter
which color is selected, it would certainly produce different environments.
( 1 ) ( ) (A) about (B) into (C) at (D) on
( 2 ) ( ) (A) What's more (B) In addition to (C) For instance (D) In comparison with
( 3 ) ( ) (A) × (B) what (C) in which (D) that
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( 4 ) ( ) (A) catch attention (B) calm down (C) cheer up (D) raise spirits
( 5 ) ( ) (A) which (B) where (C) how (D) when
答案： ( 1 ) D ( 2 ) D ( 3 ) D ( 4 ) A ( 5 ) C
8. Experts say sleep is a basic necessity just like food and water. Studies show that 7
－9 hours’ sleep per night is sufficient. __1__, Taiwanese adults only sleep 6 hours and 20
minutes a night, though. Why do people sleep so little in spite of experts’ advice to get more
sleep? One simple reason may be drinking too much coffee, which keeps people awake.
__2__ information on our smartphones also causes us to stay up late. Another reason is the
competitive nature of jobs today, which forces people to work long hours. Consistently not
getting enough sleep can have terrible consequences. In 2009, an airplane crashed, killing 49
people because the pilots were struggling with tiredness. When it comes to sleep and safety,
another field that __3__ is medicine. Doctors often ignore advice to get more sleep. In one
study, twenty percent of first-year doctors admitted __4__ a mistake that injured a patient
because they were too tired. Some even confessed that lack of sleep caused them to make a
fatal medical error. Clearly, limits on the lengths of doctors’ shifts are needed. The benefits of
getting sufficient sleep are not __5__ safety. In the short term, a good night’s sleep improves
our mood, and in the long term, it reduces our risk of becoming ill.
( 1 ) ( ) (A) On average (B) When it comes to (C) Besides (D) Therefore
( 2 ) ( ) (A) Access to (B) Access of (C) Plenty of (D) Plenty to
( 3 ) ( ) (A) lends a helping hand (B) makes a difference (C) comes to mind (D)
makes his mind
( 4 ) ( ) (A) make (B) to making (C) to make (D) in making
( 5 ) ( ) (A) failed to (B) confined to (C) responsible for (D) aware of
答案： ( 1 ) A ( 2 ) A ( 3 ) C ( 4 ) B ( 5 ) B
9. Magic is not just some surprising tricks performed on the stage. Believe it or not, it
can be found in some common items in our daily life. If we know how __1__ them well, we
will be amazed at what they can do. __2__ sugar cubes, for example. They can keep cookies
in the jar crisp. The reason why cookies can stay crisp is __3__ the sugar cubes in the jar can
absorb moisture. Another good example is the use of oil. Our clothes are often stained by
markers or something like that. We often have difficulty __4__ these stubborn stains from
our clothes. Why not rub the stains with some oil or citrus peel? You will see the magic. In
fact, it’s because the organic substances in the oil or the acid from the citrus peel can help get
rid of the stains. Once we realize __5__ the magic works, it is not just some surprising tricks
performed on the stage. It is ordinary in daily life.
( 1 ) ( ) (A) using (B) used (C) uses (D) to use
( 2 ) ( ) (A) Do (B) Take (C) Make (D) Leave
( 3 ) ( ) (A) that (B) what (C) which (D) whether
( 4 ) ( ) (A) to remove (B) removed (C) removing (D) to removing
( 5 ) ( ) (A) how (B) what (C) whether (D) which
答案： ( 1 ) D ( 2 ) B ( 3 ) A ( 4 ) C ( 5 ) A
10. Plastic trash has become a problem in the modern world. In many cases, people
toss these items into the garbage without much thought. A lot of trash ends up __1__ in the
ocean, and it is polluting the planet.
This is how it arrives there. After it rains, rainwater transports the trash that is left on
the sides of roads into rivers. Rivers and __2__ then move the trash into the ocean. Once the
trash is in our ocean, it is a disaster for many animals. Birds will often mistake plastic __3__
meals and feed it to their chicks. If eaten, this trash will hurt their digestive systems or cause
them to slowly starve to death. Fish also suffer when they consume plastic trash because it
contains harmful chemicals that will kill them.
Although this situation is bad, __4__ is not too late to do something about it. People can
cut down on the plastic trash they produce by reusing containers instead of buying bottled
water from stores. __5__, we should always take our own grocery bags to the store whenever
we shop. When you have free time, you can volunteer and join a group that cleans up the
environment. If everyone does his or her part, it is possible to limit the negative effects that
plastic trash has on the world.
( 1 ) ( ) (A) floats (B) floating (C) floated (D) float
( 2 ) ( ) (A) tides (B) chemicals (C) substances (D) items
( 3 ) ( ) (A) with (B) from (C) into (D) for
( 4 ) ( ) (A) that (B) what (C) it (D) which
( 5 ) ( ) (A) In addition (B) In comparison (C) What’s worse (D) In fact
答案： ( 1 ) B ( 2 ) A ( 3 ) D ( 4 ) C ( 5 ) A
11. Every weekday, students ride the yellow school bus. We notice the red fire truck
immediately and are __1__ to colorful advertisements. Have you ever wondered why school
buses and taxis are painted yellow, or why we feel comfortable to pass at a green light?
These colors are applied for a reason: colors have different meanings and they have strong
effects on us.
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Our brains __2__ certain colors with different emotions. For example, red indicates
danger. __3__ yellow, it increases appetite and makes us feel welcome. That is why many
fast food chains use this color. Avoid these restaurants if you are on a diet.
Moreover, we __4__ ourselves __4__ when we see bright colors. If you are asked to
imagine yourself in a happy place, you will probably describe the place with bright colors.
What’s more, you are most likely to choose colors like green and orange. __5__, black walls
will darken your mood in comparison to light-colored walls.
We might not be aware of the variety of emotions that might emerge due to colors, but
we still can make sure that we choose the colors that can spice up our life. Besides, this is the
easiest way to be in a better mood.
( 1 ) ( ) (A) influenced (B) applied (C) described (D) attracted
( 2 ) ( ) (A) decorate (B) associate (C) influence (D) imagine
( 3 ) ( ) (A) With (B) Besides (C) As for (D) Due to
( 4 ) ( ) (A) cheer; up (B) turn; down (C) let; down (D) give; up
( 5 ) ( ) (A) For example (B) As a result (C) In other words (D) On the other hand
答案： ( 1 ) D ( 2 ) B ( 3 ) C ( 4 ) A ( 5 ) D
12. Do you know that sleep is as important as food or water for our health? __1__
sleep, a lot of people ignore the fact that our well-being depends on getting enough sleep.
In spite of what experts say, __2__ people stay awake for longer hours than they should.
Taiwanese adults, for example, sleep 6.3 hours on average each night. That is way below the
suggested 8 hours a day.
Experts agree that sleep is __3__ nutritious food. It gives you much energy.
Nevertheless, why is it consistently ignored?
Many reasons come to mind. Most people work long shifts. They have very limited time
to themselves. It is a problem that has serious consequences. Pilots and doctors, for example,
have very difficult jobs that require much attention all the time; however, they __4__ in such
a competitive work field and have very long working hours. Many doctors are so tired that
they end up injuring patients. 5 percent of doctors confessed that they have made serious
mistakes due to the lack of sleep.
Finally, there’s no limit to our access to information. We are always online. __5__ at the
computer screen for long hours makes falling asleep more difficult. Try not to be confined to
electronics. Do yourself a favor and get more sleep.
( 1 ) ( ) (A) According to (B) When it comes to (C) Because of (D) As a result of
( 2 ) ( ) (A) few (B) much (C) plenty of (D) a large amount of
( 3 ) ( ) (A) less important than (B) more important as (C) as importantly as (D) as
important as
( 4 ) ( ) (A) struggle (B) compete (C) inform (D) admit
( 5 ) ( ) (A) Looking (B) Looked (C) Look (D) To looking
答案： ( 1 ) B ( 2 ) C ( 3 ) D ( 4 ) A ( 5 ) A
13. Wellness is a topic of great importance. While people spend a lot of time and money on
exercise and healthy eating, one topic that is often __1__ is sleep. Studies show most people
do not get enough of it. In the short term, a person can function for a day or two without the
proper amount of sleep. A lasting lack of sleep, however, can be damaging.
Lack of sleep impacts the brain and the body. Sleep loss may pressure brains to keep
working. Imagine a pilot or surgeon __2__ is tired, but he or she still needs to make
decisions while doing their jobs!
__3__ these known risks, why do people stay awake longer than is suggested? One reason is
access __4__ the Internet, which never sleeps. Other reasons include long working hours or
too much coffee.
When it comes to __5__ care of one's health, the most important thing is remember to get a
large amount of sleep. Therefore, the brain and the body will gather information with greater
speed.
( 1 ) ( ) (A) injured (B) confined (C) ignored (D) informed
( 2 ) ( ). (A) whose (B) which (C) who (D) whom
( 3 ) ( ) (A) In spite of (B) In addition to (C) due to (D) As a result of
( 4 ) ( ) (A) to (B) forward (C) in (D) at
( 5 ) ( ) (A) take (B) takes (C) took (D) taking
答案： ( 1 ) C ( 2 ) C ( 3 ) A ( 4 ) A ( 5 ) D
14. Plastic is one of the most common materials used to store food and drinks by people.
However, it is only used once and then it is __1__. It is common to see plastic bags and
bottles floating in the ocean.
__2__, it is not simply litter which makes its way into the sea but a large number of tiny
pieces of plastic contained in clothes. These microplastics will get into the water supply, and
pollute the water which runs into the sea.
At present, sea plants and animals are paying a huge price for humans' love of plastic. Many
sea creatures eat the plastics and end up __3__ because they have not eaten proper food.
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Some animals eat the plastic which __4__ harmful chemicals and they also die.
Thankfully, it is not too late __5__ us to do something to save the oceans. Everybody can use
their own bags when they go shopping, reuse the bottles, and avoid to buy products that hurt
sea creatures. It is possible for everyone to make the oceans better, as long as we change our
ways today.
( 1 ) ( ) (A) mistaken for (B) thrown away (C) dealt with (D) passed away
( 2 ) ( ) (A) Therefore (B) Thus (C) Moreover (D) Instead
( 3 ) ( ) (A) to die (B) died (C) die (D) dying
( 4 ) ( ) (A) keeps track of (B) makes use of (C) is filled of (D) is full of
( 5 ) ( ) (A) as (B) of (C) for (D) so
答案： ( 1 ) B ( 2 ) C ( 3 ) D ( 4 ) D ( 5 ) C
15. Plastic is now part of our everyday life. It is cheap and convenient for both
companies and consumers.
However, the plastic we find so useful often __1__ in the oceans. Plastic waste is
carried away by rivers and rain. Even household products such as toothpaste can __2__ tiny
beads called microplastics, and the plastic enters the water system when we wash it away.
It is estimated that around 80 percent of all garbage in the ocean now is plastic. This has
been a __3__ for the creatures that live there. Creatures often mistake the plastic for food.
Consuming plastic can hurt their digestive systems, resulting in death. Scientists have __4__
many dead animals’ stomachs full of harmful plastics.
It is not too late __5__ a difference to the ocean, though. Even small things matter. For
example, taking our own bags with us when we go shopping can help, or we can carry our
own bottled water around instead of buying one. We can also try to avoid products that
contain microplastics.
Consumer pressure is forcing companies to cut down on their use of plastic. Hopefully,
in time, this will allow the oceans to recover.
( 1 ) ( ) (A) pays a price (B) ends up (C) calls upon (D) throws away
( 2 ) ( ) (A) contain (B) support (C) manufacture (D) pollute
( 3 ) ( ) (A) chemical (B) disaster (C) consumer (D) substance
( 4 ) ( ) (A) made (B) kept (C) got (D) found
( 5 ) ( ) (A) to making (B) have made (C) to make (D) makes
答案： ( 1 ) B ( 2 ) A ( 3 ) B ( 4 ) D ( 5 ) C
16. Colors are everywhere in our daily life. Take traffic lights, for example. We cross
the road when the traffic lights turn green, and stop when they’re red. __1__ yellow, it is the
color for taxis and school buses. Because it’s the brightest color, it can attract people’s
attention. Colors are also applied __2__ daily conversations and have symbolic meanings.
Being “pink” indicates one is very healthy while “red” has a symbolic meaning that a person
flies into a temper.
What’s more, the color of a dining environment can influence __3__ people eat. People
eat more in a restaurant decorated in bright colors such as yellow, orange, and white. On the
other hand, blue, __4__ bright colors, may spoil people’s appetite. Colors are all around us,
but we are seldom aware __5__ them. Find more colors, and try to live a more “colorful”
life!
( 1 ) ( ) (A) As for (B) Such as (C) Because of (D) Aside from
( 2 ) ( ) (A) in (B) as (C) to (D) of
( 3 ) ( ) (A) what (B) why (C) when (D) how much
( 4 ) ( ) (A) according to (B) in comparison with (C) in addition to (D) as a result of
( 5 ) ( ) (A) in (B) as (C) to (D) of
答案： ( 1 ) A ( 2 ) C ( 3 ) D ( 4 ) B ( 5 ) D

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