State, Nation

and
Globalization
 What makes up the
Philippines as a country?
THE
CONCEPT
OF STATE
STATE is taken from
the Latin word
“stare” which means
“to stand”.
State is a political community
that occupies a definite
territory having an organized
government with the authority
to make and enforce laws
without the consent of a higher
authority.
State Also defined as a self-
governing political
entity.

The term state can be used

interchangeably with the
country.
Elements of
State
1. People- also known
as population or
inhabitants.
Aerial - air space
above
 Fluvial - waters around
connecting the islands of
the archipelago.
 Terrestrial – it is the
domains or it is known
as the landmass
a. Territorial Sea –
2. TERRITORY (MARITIME TERMS)

Territorial Sea
2. TERRITORY (MARITIME TERMS)

b. Contiguous Zone-
2. TERRITORY (MARITIME TERMS)

c. Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ)

2. TERRITORY (MARITIME TERMS)

d. Continental Shelf –
2. TERRITORY (MARITIME TERMS)

d. Continental Shelf –
2. TERRITORY (MARITIME TERMS)
2. TERRITORY (MARITIME TERMS)

e. High Seas
2. TERRITORY (MARITIME TERMS)
2. TERRITORY (MARITIME TERMS)
 3. SOVEREIGNTY- refers to supreme
and absolute power within its
territorial boundaries
 TYPES OF SOVEREIGNTY
1. INTERNAL is the power of the state
to rule within its factory.
2. EXTERNAL is the freedom of the state
to carry out its activities without
control by other states.
 FORMS OF GOVERNMENT
1. DISTRIBUTION OF POWER
a. Unitary government power-
It is held by one only authority.
Ex: Philippines, Denmark, Italy, Finland, Peru, and
Rwanda
b. CONFEDERATION-
It is a voluntary association of independent states
that often only delegate a few powers to the central
gov’t.
 FORMS OF GOVERNMENT
1. DISTRIBUTION OF POWER
c. FEDERAL government power.
It is divided between one central and several regional
authorities. (Ex. Malaysia, USA, Nigeria,
Australia)
 FORMS OF GOVERNMENT
2. CITIZEN PARTICIPATION
1. Autocracy
-form of government wherein one person
possesses unlimited power. The leader is from a
family/ social class/ strong party.
Ex. Monarchy
- a government in which the supreme power is
lodged in the hands of a monarch who reigns over a
state or territory.
 FORMS OF GOVERNMENT
2. CITIZEN PARTICIPATION
Ex. MONARCHY
The monarch may be either absolute ruler or a
sovereign – such as king, queen or prince.
The position is usually inherited.
 FORMS OF GOVERNMENT
2. CITIZEN PARTICIPATION
2. OLIGARCHY
It is a gov’t of the few.
Sometimes a small group exercises control,
especially for corrupt and selfish purposes.
 2. OLIGARCHY
The group gets its power from military
power, social power, wealth, religion,
or a combination.
The citizen has a very limited role.
 FORMS OF GOVERNMENT
2. CITIZEN PARTICIPATION
3. DEMOCRACY
It is a gov’t based on the consent of the
governed.
The people are the sovereign and they
have the freedom to criticize their
leaders.
Indirect or Representative Democracy
Direct Democracy
Forms of Government
3. Legitimacy
Legitimacy
Legitimacy
Legitimacy
Forms of Government

4. Executive and Legislative

Relationship
Executive and Legitimate Relationship
Executive and Legitimate Relationship
Executive and Legitimate Relationship
INHERENT
POWER OF
STATE
It is the power to
regulate the freedoms
and property rights of
individuals for public
convenience and general
prosperity. This is
because the WELFARE
OF THE PEOPLE is the
supreme law.
EMINENT DOMAIN
It is the power to take
private property for
public use upon
payment of just
compensation.
TAXATION
It is the power to impose
tax on individuals and
properties to support the
government.
Nation
It is the social construction of a
collective identity.

A group of people who share the same

history, geography, language, customs,
and sometimes religion.

It is an imagined political community

that is imagined as both inherently
limited and sovereign.
It is a large group of people
who are bound together, and
recognize a similarity among
themselves, because of a
common culture; in particular,
a common language seems
important in creating
nationhood (Shively, 2013)
The DISTICTION between the stateSUBJECT
and DESCRIPTION
nation
STATE NATION
• Legal-political • Racial-cultural
• Ancient up to the • Modern
present phenomenon
• Heterogenous • Homogenous people
people organized by bonded with
law common will
• Geographical • No boundary
boundary • Sovereignty not
• Sovereign needed
Globalization
Globalization

Globalization is a process of
forging international
connections in politics,
economics, religion and
socio-cultural dimension
(Tabajen and Pulma, 2016).
 Types of Globalization

Economic Political Social

Globalization Globalization Globalization
Political
Globalization

• Refers to the amount

of political co-
operation that exists
between different
countries (e.g., UN,
WTO, EU, ASEAN)
 Social
Globalization
 Economic
Globalization

Refers to the interconnectedness

of economies through trade and
the exchange of resources (e.g.,
technology and resources)
PROs of
Globalization
Broadens access to goods and
services

Can lift people out of poverty

Increases cultural awareness

Spread Information and technology

more easily
PROs of
Globalization
Workers can lose jobs to countries with low-
cost labor
Hasn’t protected labor, environmental or
human rights

Can contribute to cultural homogeneity

Empowers multinational corporations

The Bottom Line

Globalization as a phenomenon
has created winners and losers
among states and nations.

• Supporters argue that the benefits

outweigh the drawbacks, while critics
want to either improve the conditions
of global trade or, in some cases, roll
back globalization.
 SUBJECT DESCRIPTION
CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING

1. A state is an organized political

True
community under one
government. False

2. A sovereign state does not need True

a territory in order to govern its
people. False
 SUBJECT DESCRIPTION
CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING

3. A single nation may compose of

True
several states. But not every
nation has a state. False

4. Globalization occurs when the

True
league of nations are subject to
the sovereignty of others. False
 SUBJECT DESCRIPTION
ESSAY

What cultural belief and value

systems do you share with the larger
Philippine society which makes you
feel that you belong to the Filipino
nation?