ANNEXES

ANNEX A ACCEPTANCE/REJECTION CRITERIA

A1 ANSI/ASME B31.3 Process Piping
• Category M Fluid Service:
A fluid service in which the potential for personnel exposure is judged to be
significant and in which a single exposure to a very small quantity of a toxic
fluid, caused by leakage, can produce serious irreversible harm to persons
on breathing or bodily contact, even when prompt restorative measures are
taken.

• Category D Fluid Service:

A fluid service in which all the following apply:
The fluid handled is nonflammable, nontoxic, and not damaging to human
tissues.
The design gage pressure does not exceed 1035 kPa (150 psi).
The design temperature is from −29°C (−20°F) through 186°C (366°F).

• Severe cyclic conditions:

o Acceptance criteria PT testing:

All indications associated with cracks shall be rejected.

A2 ANSI/ASME B31.1 Power Piping

• Evaluation of Indications

Any indications, which are believed to be non-relevant, shall be re-examined

to verify whether or not actual defects are present. Surface conditioning may
precede the reexamination. Non relevant indications, which would mask
indications of defects, are unacceptable.

Relevant indications are those which result from unacceptable mechanical

discontinuities. Linear indications are those indications in which the length is
more than three times the width. Rounded indications are indications, which
are circular or elliptical with the length less than three times the width.

An indication of a discontinuity may be larger than the discontinuity that

causes it; however, the size of the indication and not the size of the
discontinuity is the basis of acceptance or rejection.

• Acceptance Standards

The following relevant indications are unacceptable:

o Any cracks or linear indications.

o Rounded indications with dimensions greater than 3/16 in. (4.8 mm).
o Four or more rounded indications in a line separated by 1/16 in. (1.6 mm)
or less, edge to edge.
o Ten or more rounded indications in any 6 sq. in of surface with the major
dimension of this area not to exceed 6 in (150 mm) with the area taken in
the most unfavorable location relative to the indications being evaluated.
A3 ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Sec. VIII Div. 1 Pressure Vessels
• Evaluation of Indications

An indication is the evidence of a mechanical imperfection. Only indications,

which have any dimension greater than 1/16 in. (1.6mm) shall be considered
relevant.

• Acceptance Standards

All surfaces to be examined shall be free of:

o Relevant linear indications

o Relevant rounded indications greater than 1/16 in. (1.6mm).
o Four or more relevant rounded indications in a line separated by 1/16 in.
(1.6mm) or less, edge to edge.
A4 AWS D1.1 Structural Welding Code – Steel

Table 6.1 PT inspection acceptance criteria from AWS D1.1. 2010.

Statically Loaded Cyclically Loaded Tubular

Nontubular Nontubular Connections
Discontinuity Category and Inspection Criteria Connections Connections (All Loads)

(1) Crack Prohibition Any crack shall be unacceptable, regardless of size or location. X X X

(2) WeldBase-Metal Fusion Complete fusion shall exist between adjacent layers of weld metal
and between weld metal and base metal. X X X
(3) Crater Cross Section All craters shall be filled to provide the specified weld size, except for the
ends of intermittent fillet welds outside of their effective length. X X X
(4) Weld Profiles Weld profiles shall be in conformance with 5.24. X X X
(5) Time of Inspection Visual inspection of welds in all steels may begin immediately after the
completed welds have cooled to ambient temperature. Acceptance criteria for ASTM A 514, A
517, and A 709 Grade 100 and 100 W steels shall be based on visual inspection performed not less
than 48 hours after completion of the weld. X X X
(6) Undersized Welds The size of a fillet weld in any continuous weld may be less than the
specified nominal size (L) without correction by the following amounts (U): L, U, specified nominal
weld size, in [mm] allowable decrease from L, in [mm] ::; 3/16 [5] ::;1116[2]1/4 [6] ::; 3/32 [2.5] ::::
5/16 [8] ::; 118 [3] In all cases, the undersize portion of the weld shall not exceed 10% of the weld
length. On web-to-flange welds on girders, underrun shall be prohibited at the ends for a length
equal to twice the width of the flange. X X X
(7) Undercut (A) For material less than I in [25 mm] thick, undercut shall not exceed 1/32 in [I
mm], with the following exception: undercut shall not exceed 1116 in [2 mm] for any accumulated
Length up to 2 in [50 mm] in any 12 in [300 mm For material equal to or greater than I in [25 mm]
thick, undercut shall not exceed 1/16 in [2 mm] for any length of weld. X
(8) In primary members, undercut shall be no more than 0.01 in [0.25 mm) deep when the weld
is transverse to tensile stress under any design loading condition. Undercut shall be no more than
1/32 in [I mm] deep for all other cases. X X
(8) Porosity (A) ClP groove welds in butt joints transverse to the direction of computed tensile
stress shall have no visible piping porosity. For all other groove welds and for fillet welds, the sum
of the visible piping porosity 1/32 in [I mm] or greater in diameter shall not exceed 3/8 in [10 mm)
in any linear inch of weld and shall not exceed 3/4 in [20 mm 1in any 12 in [300 mm] length of
weld. X
(8) The frequency of piping porosity in fillet welds shall not exceed one in each 4 in [100 mm] of
weld length and the maximum diameter shall not exceed 3/32 in [2.5 mm]. Exception: for fillet
welds connecting stiffeners to web, the sum of the diameters of piping porosity shall not exceed
3/8 in [10 mm] in any linear inch of weld and shall not exceed 3/4 in [20 mm] in any 12 in [300
mm] length of weld. X X
(C) ClP groove welds in butt joints transverse to the direction of computed tensile stress shall
have no piping porosity. For all other groove welds, the frequency of piping porosity shall not
exceed one in 4 in [100 mm] of length and the maximum diameter shall not exceed 3/32 in [2.5
mm). X X
A5 API Standard 1104 Pipelines and Related Facilities.
• Classification of Indication
Any indication with a maximum dimension of 1/16 in. (1.6 mm) or less shall
be classified as non relevant. Any larger indication believed to be non
relevant shall be regarded as relevant until re-examined by penetrant testing
or another non-destructive testing method to determine whether or not an
actual discontinuity exists. The surface may be conditioned before re-
examination. After an indication is determined to be non relevant, other non
relevant indication of the same type need not be re-examined.

Relevant indications are those caused by discontinuities. Linear indications

are those in which the length is more than three times the width. Rounded
indications are those in which the length is three times the width or less.

• Acceptance Standards
Relevant indications shall be unacceptable when any of the following
conditions exists:
o Linear indications evaluated as crater cracks or star cracks exceed 5/32
inch (3.96 mm) in length.
o Linear indications are evaluated as cracks other than crater cracks or
star cracks.
o Linear indications are evaluated as IF and exceed 1 inch (25.4 mm) in
total length in a continuous 12-inch (304.8 mm) length of weld or 8
percent of the weld length.
o Rounded indications shall be evaluated as follows:

Individual or scattered porosity (P) shall be unacceptable when any of

the following conditions exists:

The size of an individual pore exceeds 1/8 inch (3.17 mm).

The size of an individual pore exceeds 25 percent of the thinner of
the nominal wall thickness joined.

The distribution of scattered porosity exceeds the concentration
permitted by the porosity charts supplied by API for radiography
testing.

Cluster porosity (CP) that occurs in any pass except the finish pass shall
comply with the criteria of (i). CP that occurs in the finish pass shall be
unacceptable when any of the following conditions exists:

The diameter of the cluster exceeds 1/2 inch (12.7 mm).

The aggregate length of CP in any continuous 12 inch (304.8 mm)
length of weld exceeds 1/2 inch (12.7 mm).

An individual pore within a cluster exceeds 1/16 inch (1.59 mm) in
size.
CLASIFICACIÓN DE INDICACIONES.

Cualquier indicación cuya máxima dimensión sea menor a 1/16 debe ser
clasificada como no relevante.

Las indicaciones cuyo largo sea mayor a tres veces su ancho deben ser
clasificadas como indicaciones lineales. Y las indicaciones cuyo largo sea menor a
tres veces su diámetro serán clasificadas como indicaciones redondeadas.
Las indicaciones relevantes serán causales de rechazo cuando cualquiera de las
siguientes condiciones persista:

Indicaciones Lineales:
Clasificadas como grietas cráter o grietas estrella que excedan 5/32 en su
longitud.
Clasificadas como grietas, excluyendo las grietas tipo cráter.
Evaluadas como faltas de fusión cuya longitud exceda 1” en una longitud continua
de 12” o el 8% del total de la soldadura en si la longitud total de la soldadura es
inferior a 12 “.

Indicaciones redondeadas:
Si el tamaño de un poro individual excede 1/8”
Si el tamaño de un poro individual excede el 25% del espesor del miembro más
delgado de la junta.
Si una distribución de poros excede la concentración permitida por el patrón
suministrado por API para el ensayo de radiografía.
Si el diámetro de una agrupación de poros excede 1/2”.
Si el agregado de agrupaciones de poros excede 1/2" en un longitud continua de
12 “.
Si un poro individual en una agrupación de poros excede 1/16.