TYPES OF INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT

 Biological control

-Biological control is the use of natural enemies—predators, parasites, pathogens, and competitors—to
control pests and their damage. Invertebrates, plant pathogens, nematodes, weeds, and vertebrates
have many natural enemies.

 Cultural controls

-Cultural controls are practices that reduce pest establishment, reproduction, dispersal, and survival. For
example, changing irrigation practices can reduce pest problems, since too much water can increase
root disease and weeds

 Mechanical and physical controls

-Mechanical and physical controls kill a pest directly, block pests out, or make the environment
unsuitable for it. Traps for rodents are examples of mechanical control. Physical controls include
mulches for weed management, steam sterilization of the soil for disease management, or barriers such
as screens to keep birds or insects out.

 Chemical control

-Chemical control is the use of pesticides. In IPM, pesticides are used only when needed and in
combination with other approaches for more effective, long-term control. Pesticides are selected and
applied in a way that minimizes their possible harm to people, nontarget organisms, and the
environment.

With IPM you'll use the most selective pesticide that will do the job and be the safest for other
organisms and for air, soil, and water quality; use pesticides in bait stations rather than sprays; or spot-
spray a few weeds instead of an entire area.

 IPM Programs

These IPM principles and practices are combined to create IPM programs. While each situation is
different, six major components are common to all IPM programs:

 Pest identification

 Monitoring and assessing pest numbers and damage

 Guidelines for when management action is needed

 Preventing pest problems

 Using a combination of biological, cultural, physical/mechanical and chemical management tools

 After action is taken, assessing the effect of pest management

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INTEGRATED PEST MGT. / PROF. INDIAS (FIC)
Pest Control System

◼ Deny pests access to the facility

PREVENTION - Prevention is the most effective and least expensive in controlling and
eliminate pests. One pests entered the food establishment or factory, it would be difficult to
totally eliminating them.

1. Proofing the premises- door, windows, gap under doors are the entry points of pests
It should have the following:
 Closure policy
 Equipped windows and doors with fine mesh screen
 Self- closing mechanics on doors
 Door and windows gap should be cover with metal plate.

2. Awareness of infestation- make sure all staff members have proper knowledge and
awareness of signs of infestation and possible entry points. Every employees
should report to the management of any animals, dropping , odor, damage wall
discoloration, larvae , eggs, pile of debris ,holes and webbings

3. Proper food inspection( pests may acquire from delivery trucks and incoming food
supplies).

4. Safe and proper storage procedures and locations.

5. Keeping maintaining water and sewage system.

◼ Deny pests food, water, hiding/nesting place

◼ Dispose of garbage quickly and properly
◼ Properly store all food and supplies quickly
◼ Clean and sanitize the facility thoroughly

◼ Eliminate pests that do get inside - TYPES OF PESTICIDES

◼ Pesticides can be grouped according to the types of pests which they kill:
◼ Insecticides - insects.
◼ Herbicides - plants.
◼ Rodenticides - rodents (rats and mice)
◼ Bactericides - bacteria.
◼ Fungicides - fungi.
◼ Larvicides - larvae.

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INTEGRATED PEST MGT. / PROF. INDIAS (FIC)
 ◼ Things to do when applying pesticides
➢ Never smoke or eat while mixing or applying pesticides. You could easily carry
traces of the pesticide from your hands to your mouth. Also, some pesticide
products are flammable.

➢ Follow the “Directions for Use” on the label carefully.

o Use only for the purpose listed.
o Use only the amount directed, at the time and under the conditions
specified.
o Twice the amount will NOT do twice the job. You could harm yourself,
others, or the plant/area/pet you are trying to protect

 Always mix or dilute the pesticide outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. Only use
the amount listed on the label and measure the pesticide carefully. (Never use the
same measuring cups or spoons that you use in the kitchen.)

 Mix only the amount that you need for each application. Do not prepare larger
amounts to store for possible future use. The pesticide will degrade and become
ineffective over time. (See “Calculating the Correct Amount To Use”).

 Keep children, pets (including birds and fish), and toys (including pet toys) away from areas
where you mix and apply pesticides for at least the length of time required on the label. If no
time is listed on the label, wait until the pesticide has dried before reentering the area.

 If clothing becomes saturated in spray solution or contaminated with the pesticide concentrate,
dispose of it immediately. Wash any parts of the body that may have been exposed to the
pesticide, with soap and water, and finish the job in fresh, clean clothing.

DO’S WHEN APPLYING PESTICIDES

 Do implement precautionary steps from the very beginning itself

 Do consider alternatives to countering your pests than applying pesticides

 Do read the labels carefully before buying and abide by the instructions strictly after buying

 Do apply correct dosage and only to the crops which are mentioned on the label

 Do wear protective clothing and employ safety measures as specified on the label

 Do transport and store pesticides very carefully

 Do keep pets and children away from pesticides and from the target area where they have
already been applied

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INTEGRATED PEST MGT. / PROF. INDIAS (FIC)
  Do maintain detailed records when you apply pesticides. This includes environmental conditions
as well

 Do keep an emergency contact number handy so that any case of pesticide poisoning can be
treated immediately

 Do dispose of the unused or unwanted pesticides only at places specified by the local governing
body.

 Do not inhale any pesticide spray, vapour or dust under any circumstances

 Do not dispose of unused products in drains or basins

DON’TS WHEN APPLYING PESTICIDES

 Do not stock up on pesticides. Buy only as much as you might need

 Do not reuse any empty pesticide container

 Do not transfer pesticides from one bottle to another

 Do not smoke or eat while applying pesticides

 Do not apply excess pesticides. This endangers the environment

 Do not use any pesticide on any target which it is not intended for

 Do not take any of the instructions specified on the label lightly

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INTEGRATED PEST MGT. / PROF. INDIAS (FIC)