CHAPTER 2: HISTORICAL FOUNDATION OF EDUCATION

Let’s Conceptualize:
Education or school is an institution created by society.
- we are part of society. so kung wala ta as a society wala sad si school as
usual. walay mag teacher, walay mag students and bcoz of that dili mag
function si school.
Society seeks to preserve itself and to do this it maintains its functions and
institutions, one of which is education, to ensure its survival, stability, and
convenience.
- society must maintain its function and its institutions kay if the institution or
the unit of the society will not function, then dili ma attain and survival, stability
and convenience na ginatawag. ex. table.
- what schools and community can’t do alone, they can often do together. As
what the proverbs goes, “It takes a village to raise a child”. So, partnerships
allow the whole village to help educate our children. The school and society
must work together hand in hand kay para ma ensure ng tanan.
As John Dewey claimed,…..
- “The school is to be a reflection of the larger society outside its walls, in which
life can be learned by living. Dewey considered the ideal school as an enlarged
ideal home.
- when schools succeed to do this, in the words of John Dewey “we shall have the
deepest and best guarantee of a larger society which is worthy, harmonious and
lovely.
- And this is called socialization.

SOCIALIZATION
 is a lifelong process- it occurs primarily during early childhood up to adult
status.

 is the process of learning the roles, statuses and values necessary for
participation in social institutions…(Brinkerhoff, D., 1989) – basic aim of
socialization is to learn and to adapt new things.
  is a process by which children and adults learn from others – when we say
lean form others, moa ni siya ang ginatawag na Agents of socialization. daghan
kayo tag agents of socialization and one of those is the family.

TYPES OF SOCIALIZATION:
 Primary Socialization (family is the first social agent)
- learning basic things in life. ex. how to communicate, how to wash your
hands, the difference between right and wrong, and how to share with others.
 Secondary (school, peer group, and media are the primary sources)
- the process of learning how to behave appropriately in group situations. ex.
how to behave in a sacred space like a church.
 Developmental
- involves a learning process wherein the focus is on developing our social
skills. ex. a shy senior high school student starts to teach English to new
freshmen students in order to develop verbal communication.
 Anticipatory – is a process wherein a person practices or rehearses for future
social relationships. ex. a child anticipates parenthood. He observes his parents
perform their daily rules. Anticipate means gina expect na nimo na nga mahitabo
na. kumbaga ginapaghandaan na nimo siya sa karon palang.

Key Periods in Educational History

Primitive society- refers to the original coexistence of humans in prehistoric times,
before the first written records. A small society with a lack of written language and a
non-industrialized society.
These life skills included: 1.) tool or instrument making, 2.) adherence to the
moral behavior code of group life, and 3.) language.
Cultural Patterns - are the similar behaviors within similar situations we witness due to
shared beliefs, values, norms, and social practices that are steady over time. ex. belief
in the supernatural, marriage, art, dance, and music.

Reformation- a revolution that aimed to correct the “problem” of the Catholic Church. the
Catholic Church was criticized by many people.dorllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll