Standard Specification for ‘Axle-Steel Deformed and Plain Bars for Concrete Reinforcement AASHTO DESIGNATION: M 53M/M 53-95! (ASTM DESIGNATION: A 617/A 617M-96a) 1, SCOPE. LL This specification covers de- formed and plain axle-steel concrete re- inforcement bars. A deformed bar is de fined as a bar that is intended” for use as reinforcement in reinforced concrete construction. The surface of the bar is provided with lugs or protrusions (here- inafter called deformations) which in- hibit longitudinal movement of the bar relative to the concrete which surrounds the bar in such construction and con forms to the provisions of this specifica- tion. The standatd sizes and dimensions of deformed bars and their number desig- rations shall be those listed in Table 12 [Table 1b} 1.2 Bars are of two mimmum yield levels: name!>, 300 MPs [40000 psi) ‘and 420 MPs 160000 psil. designated as Grade 300 0} and Grade 420 (60). respectively 1.3 Plain rounds, in sizes up to and {including 50 mm [2 in.) im diameter, in coils or cut lengths. when specified for dowels, spirals. and structural ties or sup pports shall be furnished under this speci- fication in Grade 300 [40] and Grade 420 (60). For bending properties test pro- visions of the nearest smaller nominal diameter deformed bar size shall apply “Those requirements providing for defor- ‘mations and marking shall not be applicable 14 The weldability of the steel is ‘ot par of this specification. 1.5. This specification is applicable for orders in either SI units (as Specifica- tion M 53M) or inch-pound units (as Specification M 53). 16 The values stated in cither SI Fee TMA sn tae re ‘lvnced wr ASSHTO T 28 » tunits of inch-pound units are to be re garded as standard. Within the text, the {inch-pound units are shown in brackets. ‘The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents: therefore. each system rmiust be used independently of the other. ‘Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification 2. REFERENCED DOCUMENTS 2.1 AASHTO Standards. T 244 Methods and Defini- tions for Mechanical Testing of Stee! Products R IL Recommended Prac- tice for Indicating Which Places of Fig- ures Are to Be Con- sidered Significant in Specified Limiting Values 7-285 Bend Test for Bars for Concrete Reinforcement 22. ASTM Standards: ‘A 700 Recommended Prac- tices for Packaging. Marking. and Loading Methods for Steel Products for Domes: tic Shipment 23° Military Standards: MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage MIL-STD-163 Steel Mill Products Preparation for Ship- ment and Storage 24 Federal Standard: Fed, Sid. No, 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies) 3, TERMINOLOGY 3A Description of Terms Specific 0 This Standard: 3.1 Deformed bar—steel bar with protrusions: a bar that is intended for use as reinforcement in reinforced con- crete construction. Badd Discussion—The surface of the bar is provided with lugs or protro- sions that inhibit longitudinal movement ff the bar relative to the concrete sur rounding the bar in such construction, “The lugs or protrusions conform to the provisions of this specification. 3.12 Deformarions—protrusions on 1 deformed bar. 3.3 Plain bar—steel bar without protrusions. 4, ORDERING INFORMATION 4.1. Orders for material under this specification should include the follow- ing information: “4.1.1 Quantity mass (weight) 41.2 Name of material (axle-stee! deformed and plain bars for concrete reinforcement), Size and length. Deformed or plain. Grade, Packaging (see Section 20). AASHTO designation and year and Contified mill test repons (if desired), (See Section 18) NOTE 1—A typical ordering description is es follows: 9 Me axe-see! deformed and plain bas for concrete reinforcement. No. 25, Tf m long deformed. Grae 420, im secured lifts. 10 AASHTO M 53M Cenified mill tes repons are requies.M 53M {10 tons, axle-steel deformed ane plain bars for concrete reinforcement, No. 8. 30 0 in Tong, deformed, Grade 60, in secured lifts. to AASHTO M 53: Cenfid mill test, reports required) 5, MATERIAL AND MANUFACTURE, $1 The bars shall be rolled from carbon steel axles for railway cars and locomotives, 6. CARBON DETERMINATION 6.1 The manufacturer shall make a determination for the carbon content of ‘each axle received by him for manufac- TABLE 1a Deformed Bar Designation ‘SPECIFICATIONS FOR MATERIALS ture into reinforcement bars. Based on these carbon determinations, all steel ax- les shall be stocked for subsequent roll ing in separated lots by carbon range. ‘The ranges of carbon shall be determined by the manufacturer as those best suited {0 meet the mechanical requirements. 62 When requested by the pur chaser, the manufacturer shall report the carbon range for each lot of bars Furnished, 7. REQUIREMENTS OF DEFORMATIONS 7.1 Deformations shall be spaced along the bar at substantially uniform distances. The deformations on opposite 3 sides of the bar shall be similar in size and shape. 7.2. The deformations shall be placed with respect to the axis of the bar so that the included angle is not less than 45°. Where the line of deformations forms an included angle with the axis of the bar from 45° to 70° inclusive, the deformations shall alternately reverse in direction on each side. or those on one side shall be reversed in direction from those on the opposite side. Where the line of deformation is over 70°, a reversal in direction is not required. 73. The average spacing or distance between deformations on each side of the bar shall not exceed seven-tenths of the nominal diameter of the bar. 7.4. The overall length of deforma- tions shall be such that the gap between Numbers, Nominal Masses, Nominal Dimensions, and Deformation Requirement, SU Units ‘Nominal Dimensions Deformation Requireme=i. rm Cro - Vaximam Gap Bar Nominal Maxam Minimum ‘Chord ot 125° Designation Mas. Diameter Porumeter average Average oF Nosmial No! um mm Spacing Height Penmete! 0 ns ry 7 299 07 O38 ws 3 99M at 9 es 39 ast a9 16 199 99 ut on ot 9 24 598 33 09 13 2 3012 37 iss 12 RS 3 193 510 ns 1 9 2 5.080 fas 24 a 109 2 oso 319 ne Ls ia 6 07 1006 1 30 a7 8 "38 1492 wor 28 165; 7 2 281 wr 29 29 The worms Gincapon 7 sonnel fara apnais © tha oF spam apd tor having the Se mat fr ela he EEE ha * Bor desiennen nme approve he num flies of he nomial ance of te Bt ‘TABLE Ib. Deformed Bar Designation Numbers, Nominal Weights, Nominal Dimensions, and Deformation Requiremenss. Inch-Pound Units ‘Noma Dimensions Deformation Requiremens 0 Cross ‘Maximum Gap Bar Sectional Maximum ‘Minima ‘Chord of 123% Designation Diameter. ‘rea, Perimeter. sverige Average ‘of Nomis Noo” ia int in Spacing Height Perimeter) 3 o37s oar Lis 0262 Dans oa 4 9.500 020 ist 0380 0.020 oust 5 062s oat 963 0437 0.028 029 8 9750 owe 2386 0328 0.038 0286 7 0375 0.60 249 062 oo os 8 1.000 079 sua 0700 0.050 038 9 ti 1.00 34a 0790 0.036 04st 0 1270 iar 3.990 0839 0.068 0487 u tao. 136 30 0987 oon 0.540 Te ns mci ors om Rar a uae w NE ofa pam ound har ving the Se weg per fot a he eormed ar Wang octa the mol meter othe aSPECIFICATIONS FOR MATERIALS M 53M the ends of the deformations on opposite sides of the bar shall not exceed 12'/. percent of the nominal perimeter of the bar. Where the ends terminate ina longi- tudinal rib, the width of the longitudinal rib shall be considered tre gap. Where more than two longitudinal ribs are in- volved, the total width of all longitudinal ribs shall not exceed 25 percent of the ‘nominal perimeter of the bar: further more, the summation of gaps shall not exceed 25 percent of the nominal perime- ter of the bar. The nominal perimeter of the bar shall be 3.14 times the nomi- nal diameter. 7.8 The spacing, height. and gap of deformations shall conform to the re- quirements prescribed in Table 1a (Ta- ble 1b} 3, MEASUREMENTS OF DEFORMATIONS. 8.1 The average spacing of deforma- tions shall be determined by dividing 2 ‘measured length of the bar specimen by the number of individual deformations and fractional parts of deformations on any one side of the bar specimens. A measured length of the bar specimen shall be considered the distance from a point on a deformation to a correspond: ing poin! on ans other deformation on the same side of the bar. Spacing mea- surements shall no: be made over a bar area containing bar marking symbols in- volving letters or numbers. 8.2. The average height of deforma- tions shall be determined from measure ments made on not less than two typical eformations. Determinations shall be based on three measurements per defor= mation, one at the center of the overall Tength and the other two at the quarter Points of the overall length 83 Insufficient height. insufficient circumferential coverage. or excessive spacing of deformations shall not consti- tute cause for rejection unless it has been clearly established by determinations on ‘each lot (Note 2) tested that typical defor- ‘mation height, gap, or spacing do not ‘conform to the minimum requirements prescribed in Section 7. No rejection may ‘be made on the basis of measurements if fewer than 10 adjacent deformations fon each side of the bar are measured, ‘TABLE 2a Tenste Requirements, SI Units Gase Grase 30420 Tensile sength. min MPa 500 «a0 Yield srength, min MPs 300400 Elongation in 200 mm. min, percen Bar No. 10 4 1 16.19 2 0 9 i 7 Se 1 ough 19 may ot be ay abe TABLE 2b Tensile Requirements, Inch ound Units Gade Grade ow Tensile strength. min Ps ‘7e000 90000 ‘Yooid strength, ps 000069000 Elongation in 8 i. min, percent Bar No. 3 " ® a6 2 5 7 " 5 8 0 7 ° ° 7 10 8 7 ‘mealatures ould be consid 0 ey aval NOTE 2—A loti defined as all the bars ‘of one bar number and pattern of deformations contained in an individual shipping release oF Shipping order 9. TENSILE REQUIREMENTS 9.1 Grade 300 {40} and Grade 420 160)—The material as represented by the test specimens shall conform to the re- quirements for tensile properties pre- scribed in Table 22 [Table 25) when tested in accordance with Sections 11 10 13 of T 244 9.2. The yield point or yield strength shall be determined by one ofthe follow ing methods: 9.2.1 The yield point shall be deter- TABLE 32 Bend Test Requirements, SI Units Pia Diameter fr Bend bar Test. 180° Designation Grae Gnade No. 300 20 7013.16 Pie Bhd 32.36 se 16, "d= nominal dancer of pecmeR TABLE 3b Bend Test Requirements, Inch-Pound Unit Pin Diameter for Bend bor “Tess 180° Designation Grace Grade No. 0 oo has Phe 3d e718 sé Se 9.10.11 sa 7 T= nominal dancer of SCRE mined by the drop of the beam or halt of the point method as described in Section 13.1.1 of T 244, 9.2.2 Where the sie! tested does not exhibit a well-defined yield point. the Yield point shall be determined at exten- sion under load using an exiensometer as described in Section 13.1.3 of T 244, ‘The extension under load shall be 0.005 mmv/mm of gage length (0.5 percent, 9.3 The percentage of elongation shall be as prescribed in Table 2 (Table 2) when tested in accordance with Sec- tion 13.4 of T 244 10. BENDING REQUIREMENTS 10.1 The bend-test specimen shall withstand being bent around a pin with- cout cracking on the outside of the bent portion when tested according to AASHTO T 285. The requirements for angle of bending and size of pins are prescribed in Table 3a [Table 3b} 102 Unrestricted movement of the specimen at points of contact with the apparatus and bending around a pin free to rotate, 102.1 Close wrapping of the speci men around the pin during the bend- ng operation. 10.3 Other acceptable more severe methods of bend testing, such as placingM 53M a spenimen across Wo pins free 1 rotate ‘and applying the bending force with a fixed pin, may be used. When failures ‘gour under more severe methods, retests Shall be permitted under the bend test ‘method prescribed in Section 10.2. 11. PERMISSIBLE VARIATION IN WEIGHT ILA The permissible “sriations shall rot exceed 6 percent under nominal mass. Reinforcing bars are evaluated on the basis of nominal mass. In no case shall overmass of any bar be the cause for rejection. 11.2 The specified limit of variation shall be evaluated in accordance with Recommended Practice RI (rounding method), 12, FINISH IZA. The bars shall be free of detri- mental surface imperfections. 12.2 Rust. seams. surface imegulari- ties, or mil scale shall not be cause forre- jection, provided the mass, dimensions, ‘cross-sectional rea, and tensile properties of a hand-wire brushed test are not less than the requirements ofthis specification. 123 Surface imperfections other than those specified in Section {2.2 shall be considered detrimental when speci- ‘mens containing such imperfections fail to conform to either tensile or bending requirements. 13. TEST SPECIMENS 13.1. Tension test specimens shall be the full section of bar as rolled, 13.2 The unit stress determinations on full-size specimens shall be based on the nominal bar area. 133 The bend test specimens shall be the full section of the bar as rolled. 14, NUMBER OF TESTS 14.1 For bar sizes No. 10 to No. 36 (No. 3 to No. 11] inclusive, one tension test and one Send test shall be made ‘SPECIFICATIONS FOR MATERIALS from each Jot (Note 2) of 9 Mg [10 tons} or fraction thereof, rolled from each lot of axles assorted in groups as specified in Section 6. 1S, RETESTS 15.1 If any tensile propery of the test specimen is less than that specified in Section 9 and any part of the fracture is outside the middle third of the gage length, as indicated by scribe scratches ‘marked on the specimen before testing, a retest shall be allowed. 15.2. Ifthe results of an original ten- sion specimen fail to meet the specified ‘minimum requirements and are within 4 MPa (2000 psi] ofthe required tensile strength, within {7 MPa} 1000 psi of the required yield point, or within two percentage units of the required elonga- tion, a retest shall be permitted on (wo random specimens for each original ten- sion specimen failure from the lot. If all results of these retest specimens meet the specified requirements. the lot shall bbe accepted. 15.3 If a bend test fails for reasons other than mechanical reasons or flaws in the specimen as described in Sections 154 and 15.5, a retest shall be permitted ‘on two random specimens from the same lot. IF the results of both test specimens meet the specified requirements. the lot shall be accepted. The retest shall be performed on test specimens that are at air temperature but not less than 16°C (OF). 154, If any test specimen fails be- ‘cause of mechanical reasons such as fail- ure of testing equipment, it may be dis- carded and another specimen taken. 155 If any test specimen develops flaws, it may be discarded and another specimen from the same lot of 9 Mg {10 tons] or fraction thereof substituted. 16, INSPECTION 16.1 The inspector representing the purchaser shall have free entry. at all times while work on the contract of the purchaser is being performed, to all parts of the manufacturer's works that concer. the manufacture of the material ordered. ‘The manufacturer shal afford the inspec- 45 tor all reasonable facilities so satisfy him that the material is being furnished in accordance with this specification. All tests and inspection shall be made at the place of manufacture prior to shipment. unless otherwise specified. and shall be so conducted as not to interfere unneces- sarily with the operation of the works. 162 For Government Procurement Only—Except as otherwise specified in the contract, the contractor is responsible for the performance of all inspection and test requirements specified herein. Ex- cept as otherwise specified in the con- tract, the contractor may use his own for any other suitable faciliies for the performance of the inspection and test requirements specified herein. unless dis- approved by the purchaser at the time of purchase. The purchaser shall have the right to perform any of the inspec- tions and tests at the same frequency as set forth in tis specification where such inspections are deemed necessary to as- sure that material conforms to pre seribed requirements. 17, REJECTION 17.1 Material that shows injurious defects subsequent tots acceptance a the ‘manufacturer's works willbe rejected, and the manufacturer shall be notified, 18, TEST REPORTS 18.1 When specified in the purchase order, report the following information, fon a per lot basis. Additional items may be reported as requested or desired. 181.1 Carbon level. 1812 Tensile properties. 181.3 Bend test. 19. MARKING 19.1 When loaded for mill shipment, bars shall be properly separated and ‘agged with the manufacturer's test iden- tification number. 19.2 Each manufacturer shall iden- tify the symbols of his marking system. 19.3 All bats produced to this speci fication. except plain round bars which46. shall be tagged for grade, shall be idem fied by a distinguishing set of marks le bly rolled into the surface of one side of the bar to denote in the following order: 1931 Point of Origin—Lener or symbol established as the manufacturer's rill designation, 193.2 Size Designation—Arabic number corresponding to Bar Designa- tion Number of Table 1a [Table 1b]. 1933. Type of Stee!—Letter A indi ‘cating that the bar was produced from axle steel. 19.3.4 Minimum Yield Designo tion—For Grade 420 [60] bars, either the ‘SPECIFICATIONS FOR MATERIALS ‘number 4 [60] ora single continuous Jon- situdinal line through at least five spaces offset from the center of the bar side. 19.35 It shall be permissible to sub- stitute a metric size bar of Grade 300 for the corresponding inch-pound size bar of Grade 40, and a metric size bar of Grade 420 for the corresponding inch-pound size bar of Grade 60. 20, PACKAGING 20.1 When specified in the purchase order, packaging shall be in accordance M 53M with the procedures in Practices ASTM A700. 202. For Government Procurement Oni—When specified in the contract ‘or order, and for direct procurement by or direct shipment to the U.S. Govern- ‘ment, material shall be preserved, pack- aged. and packed in accordance with the requirements of MIL-STD-163. The applicable levels shall be as specified im the contract. Marking for shipment ‘of such material shall be in accordance with Fed. Std, No. 123 for civil agencies and MIL-STD-129 for military agencies.