New Era University

COLLEGE OF EDUCATION
CENTER OF TEACHER TRAINING
No. 9 Central Avenue, New Era, Quezon City

THE CHILD AND

ADOLESCENT LEARNERS
AND LEARNING
PRINCIPLES
(PEd- 1-18)

Assignment: Related Assignment from Aactivity 1.2

Submitted by:
Karina Trisha Anne A. Batara
2CED-3

Submitted to:
Dr. Luningning B. De Castro
TCALLP Professor
 New Era UniversityCOLLEGE OF EDUCATION
CENTER OF TEACHER TRAINING
No. 9 Central Avenue, New Era, Quezon City

Research Title: Systematic Review of Universal Resilience-Focused

Interventions Targeting Child and Adolescent Mental Health in the
School Setting

Read and answer the same questions.

1. What is the problem?
Mental health issues affect 10% to 20% of children and adolescents worldwide, with the
average age of onset for various illnesses ranging from 12 to 24 years. Mental health issues in
children and adolescents have been linked to poorer academic performance, higher rates of health
risk behaviors, self-harm, and suicide, with the consequences of such issues frequently lasting
into adulthood. Thus, the prevention of mental health problems in children and adolescents is
integral to promoting positive life outcomes for young people

2. What is the method used?

The study was prospectively registered with PROSPERO, and the procedures are detailed
in the protocol that accompanies it. The criteria for developing the review protocol and reporting
the review results were based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and
Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) standards as these are the methods that were used to get the result.

 A systematic review answers a defined research question by collecting and summarizing

all empirical evidence that fits pre-specified eligibility criteria. A meta-analysis is the use
of statistical methods to summarize the results of these studies.

3. What are the findings?

From 5,984 data, 57 trials were found to be relevant, with 49 contributing to meta-
analyses. In all of the studies, resilience-focused treatments were shown to be successful in
decreasing four of the seven outcomes: depressive symptoms, internalizing issues, externalizing
problems, and overall psychological distress, when compared to a control group. Interventions
were helpful for anxiety symptoms and overall psychological distress in kid trials (meta-analyses
for 6 outcomes). Interventions were helpful for internalizing issues in teenage trials (meta-
analyses for 5 outcomes). Interventions were beneficial for two of seven outcomes in short-term
follow-up: depressed symptoms and anxiety symptoms. Interventions were helpful for
internalizing issues in long-term follow-up (meta-analyses for 5 outcomes).
 New Era UniversityCOLLEGE OF EDUCATION
CENTER OF TEACHER TRAINING
No. 9 Central Avenue, New Era, Quezon City

4. What are the conclusions?

The results indicate that utilizing universal resilience-focused treatments for children and
adolescents, at least for short-term reductions in depressive and anxiety symptoms, has the
greatest potential, especially if a cognitive-behavioral therapy-based strategy is employed.
Because of the small number of trials that provide data suitable for meta-analysis for certain
outcomes and subgroups, as well as the diversity of treatments, study quality, and bias, more
precise conclusions cannot be drawn. Future study should focus on determining which
intervention characteristics (such as the quantity and kind of protective factors) have the most
beneficial impact on each mental health issue outcome.

5. How will the findings and conclusions be useful to you as future teacher?
As a prospective educator, this had become an eye opener to me as it gave me an overview
of what the children and adults feel within the classroom settings wherein their mental health is at
stake. It was also proven that it lessens the outcomes in all trials, which is a good indication of
improvement for the mental health of the participants that had been tested.

The findings show that resilience-focused treatments were shown to be helpful in

decreasing four of seven outcomes in all trials: depressive symptoms, internalizing issues,
externalizing problems, and overall psychological distress. These findings were accurate and may
be a useful tool for me as an educator because I already had an overview of the different ways to
lessen the psychological distress of my future students.

As a matter of fact, interventions were helpful for anxiety symptoms and overall
psychological distress in child trials and were helpful for internalizing issues in adolescent trials.
Interventions were beneficial for two out of seven outcomes in short-term follow-up: depressed
symptoms and anxiety symptoms. For long-term follow-up, interventions were effective for
internalizing problems. Just by internalizing it, it is very evident and that the learners are also
coping up with the mechanisms that they have and they really need this kind of intervention in
order to decrease their short-term and long-term follow-ups. In view thereof, it helped me see the
point of view and the struggles of the students even though I am just a future educator and I think,
it really is helpful that the study showed how to improve the children’s mental health.
 New Era University COLLEGE OF EDUCATION
CENTER OF TEACHER TRAINING
No. 9 Central Avenue, New Era, Quezon City

Original Statement Explanation (My Own Explanation)

The main problem that is being addressed in this research is that, the mental health issues
of the students, be it children or adolescents, have been correlated with the decreased of their
academic performance, increased rates of risky behaviors, self-harm, and suicide, with the effects
of such issues frequently lasting into adulthood. The deprivation of their abilities and capabilities,
especially those who are 12 to 24 years of age, have led them to experience a nervous-breakdown
that has an effect on their mental problem.

Moreover, the method that was used in the research is, Systematic Review and Meta-
Analysis. Whereas, the systematic review attempts to gather all available empirical research by
using clearly defined, systematic methods to obtain answers to a specific question, while the
meta-analysis is the statistical process of analyzing and combining results from several similar
studies. With the inclination of these methods, a total of 57 included trials were identified from
5,984 records, with 49 contributing to meta-analysis in connection to its findings.

In view thereof, the result suggests most promise for using universal resilience-focused
interventions but identifying what intervention qualities achieve the greatest positive effect per
mental health problem outcome remains an important area for future research. Meaning, the
greatest positive effect per mental health problems is still unanswered and it relies on the hands of
the future researchers. Personally, I do think that this research is beneficial not only for the future
researchers, but also to the future teachers. It helps us to identify the sub categories of mental
health problems of the children.

As such, I do hope that there would be more research like this in the near future. I believe
that these issues have to be raised upon our society especially with what we are experiencing right
now. Learners, children and adolescents, must be able to have the freedom to voice out their
problems and concerns with regards to their mental health. According to data, more than 700,000
people die due to suicide every year. We, teachers, can make a change. We just have to help and
understand our students in these hard times, even if it is not in a school setting, for we are their
only hope from drowning into their own sadness.

Lastly, I do hope that the extraction of this research journal would help others for further
understanding the what nots of the learners. It may be inevitable for them to feel miserable at
times but at least, we are there to guide them and lift them up from whatever it is they were
thinking.
 New Era University
COLLEGE OF EDUCATION
CENTER OF TEACHER TRAINING
No. 9 Central Avenue, New Era, Quezon City

References:

Dray et al. (2017). Systematic Review of Universal Resilience-Focused Interventions Targeting

Child and Adolescent Mental Health in the School Setting (Wiggers et al., 2017)
Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0890856717311073

Ahn, E. & Kang, H. (2018). Introduction to systematic review and meta-analysis

Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5903119/