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To begin with, it is important to understand that the supply chain is the process where the
creation and flow of the product is optimized, starting from the supply of raw material to
delivery to the customer. Within this process, a series of steps are necessary where information,
capital, supply, production, inventory, storage, transportation and delivery are managed to carry
out a joint construction of this chain. Likewise, this type of supply chain is based on the
Within the process of the supply chain, various agents are involved, each one contributing
a link to achieve its objective, the first ones involved are the suppliers that are in charge of
supplying the raw materials, the manufacturer that is in charge of carry out the process of
transforming the raw material into the desired product, always delivering it with the stipulated
quality standards, the agent that relates the producer with the clients, helps to carry out the
closing of the agreements, it is possible that find within the supply chain. There are also
wholesalers or retailers, the first one is in charge of buying large quantities to put them in
different points for sale, the second one are the points already established with less demand.
Finally, you have the client who is the objective from the first moment, here we always seek to
deliver the products in the best way so that they continue choosing what is offered. Additionally,
it must be taken into account that transportation is a factor that must be kept in mind throughout
the process, since through it both the raw material and the final product are delivered to the
customer.
In this order of ideas, it is necessary to understand that within the supply chain there are
certain factors that must be taken into account to achieve a quality that meets the needs of the
client, for this the critical points that can affect it are analyzed. In the first place, the products
must always be oriented towards the client with continuous improvement, involving the
personnel through the mission and vision of the company, as well as its planning, policies and
quality practices; All this is achieved through tools and information such as education,
measurement and quality evaluation, taking into account what barriers are present and what are
Finally, it is important to take into account what actions can be taken to measure logistics
non-quality. Three fundamental principles must be taken into account here: the service provision
process, the product or result, and customer satisfaction. The evaluation of these factors is
necessary to detect failures within the chain, for this there are many techniques, but it is always
vitally important to keep in mind the customer's opinion; and to obtain these results, the
SERVQUAL method is used, which explores the expectations and perceptions that customers
have about the product that is delivered or the service that is provided, likewise it confirms that
what is offered is the same as what is delivered, it also has taking into account the perception of
the management and the expectations of the client; It also studies the reliability of what is offered
and thus reduces mistrust. Finally, it analyzes the difference between the customer's expectations
It is important to know the supply chain and what its components are to achieve success
within a company. One of the main objectives is collaborative efficiency for coordination
between suppliers and customers. In the same way, it always seeks to offer high quality products.
quality always addressing problems in order to seek efficient solutions that allow the solution
that most benefits the interested parties; This process also seeks to generate stability and
sustainability from the outset, additionally, it always seeks to take advantage of all opportunities
and anticipate possible threats to achieve a faster adaptation to the changes that arise. Finally, the
entire supply chain is focused on financial success and loss reduction through labor studies and
In this order of ideas and to achieve the objectives it is necessary to carry out an
integration between the agents that are part of the chain, to achieve this it is necessary to measure
different indicators such as the degree of communication, coordination, team building and the
strategies to be implemented between suppliers and customers. Also, for the reduction of costs,
alliances are made between companies to deliver products with greater value where each sector
focuses on its strengths and leaves the following for the other companies to participate. By
making these agreements, we want to generate greater reliability in delivery times, as well as
communication flexibility for production and distribution according to needs. In this sense, at the
end of the service or product, the results obtained from the marketing carried out are associated
with satisfaction, thus offering continuous improvement, allowing the company to stand out
Now, after talking about the relationships between companies, it is necessary to talk
about the production, storage and distribution process; These are three important points since
they interact with each other and work simultaneously, that is, production sets the guidelines for
the storage system and in turn the amount of merchandise that can be distributed to meet
demand, here production sets the pace of the chain since when demand increases, the necessary
workforce increases; Likewise, storage systems need this information to adapt the space so that it
is always fluid at the time of dispatch of merchandise. In this way, depending on the type of
industry, these systems can be adapted following three geometric shapes (U-shaped, straight-line
or T-shaped). To finish, the distribution system is in accordance with the distribution of the
warehouse, if it is in the form of a U, there is an entrance and an exit, the merchandise is located
in a way that its dispatch is more comfortable, this type of distribution is easier to enlarge.
Secondly, there is the straight line, which is the most used and simplest, however, it has the
disadvantage of not being able to use space more efficiently. Finally, there is the T-shape here
the entrance and exit are located in different places and it is the most recommended since the
4. Una infografía sobre que es el lead time y como se controla, cuáles son
los beneficios y perjuicios que se podrían ocasionar a causa de este.
5. Un ensayo en ingles que describa que es el aprovisionamiento, que
comprende, cuáles son sus funciones, sus objetivos y cuáles son las
situaciones que obligan a aprovisionar el almacén.
Procurement is described as all the necessary processes that seek to supply the raw
materials necessary for the production of a good or service, this includes a series of key activities
to carry out its proper functioning, these activities are: calculation of needs, purchase,
procurement, storage, distribution and stock control. In this sense, it is emphasized that any
parameter is always developed from the perspective of the client where the relationship is
reinforced during the project process. This step is carried out by suppliers and contractors.
The main objectives of procurement are to maintain a constant flow of raw material or
services to avoid production stoppages, loss of desired quality, and the search for competent
suppliers. Likewise, to achieve better results at the time of acquisition, a balance between price
and quality is sought to maintain the competitiveness of the company. It is important to highlight
that the person in charge of procurement must work together with the financial and production
departments.
To finish, it is necessary to clarify that this process cannot be carried out all the time, it is
important to do it at the right time to avoid having more raw material than demand to cover, for
this various situations are taken into account such as: chain production where suppliers are
external, constant demand for the product, to avoid raising product costs as they are far from
que se pueda utilizar en caso de presentarse uno o varios imprevistos, al realizar estos con
anterioridad y proponer las posibles soluciones se evitarán problemas futuros. Así mismo, estos
imprevistos se pueden dar por errores humanos en donde se puede generar una mala prestación
de un servicio, esto se puede generar por falta de capacitaciones al personal, ambientes sin orden
o productos utilizados erróneamente, por tal motivo, es necesario identificar puntualmente donde
se presenta la falla para así tomar las medidas necesarias para su corrección.
presente, para esto se hace uso de las tecnologías dispuestas, aquí se dejará la memoria del
incidente y se tomaran los datos necesarios para el registro, esto es vital para en caso de
presentarse futuros eventos similares, se tenga un registro de como actuar ante la situación. Cabe
resaltar que, al no controlar los imprevistos, estos generaran grandes perdidas tanto de clientes
servicios.
Ahora bien, es necesario tener ciertas estrategias que permitan reducir al máximo estas
eventualidades, tales pueden ser: implementar análisis a los procesos logísticos, establecer
pruebas periódicas a los equipos, hacer mantenimientos a las instalaciones y maquinarias, contar
con personal capacitado, y establecer las condiciones óptimas de operación para disminuir los
índices de imprevistos.
Actividad 3
encargan de controlar, gestionar y automatizar los procesos de los almacenes, esta se aplica para
mejorar procesos, aprovechar al máximo los espacios, tener claros los inventarios, cuales son los
Aquí se tienen en cuenta las entradas del producto para su posterior almacenaje, se debe
de la industria son necesarios diversos datos que permitan garantizar la trazabilidad del
producto. Al aplicar la tecnología de SGA a este módulo permite la agilización de
Módulo de almacenaje
Para este módulo el sistema de SGA se basa en técnicas de almacenamiento caótico, pero
teniendo en cuenta diversos tipos de algoritmos que permitan obtener la ubicación del
las planificaciones tanto para el cargue y trabajo de los operarios. Adicionalmente ayuda
Funcionalidades principales
Gestión de tareas
Con esta tecnología se organiza el trabajo que se debe realizar por cada parte involucrada,
Aquí se realizan las agrupaciones de los productos de acuerdo con su contenido, palets,
Se basa en algoritmos de entrada y salida, al tener este tipo de cálculos se evitan entregas
esta también se busca dar soporte a las operaciones Cross-docking para evitar que los
almacenamientos de mercancía sean más agiles y se evite una represa del producto.
Adicionalmente es uno de los sistemas más utilizados ya que logra que se puedan mover
Este tipo está relacionado estrechamente con el anterior, ya que después de tener claras
las entradas y salidas se pueden realizar los controles de calidad y trazabilidad como se
menciona anteriormente.
Fuente: Sistemas de Información Logística (SIL): ¿qué son y para qué sirven?, s. f.
Referencias
Chain, R. E. S. (2018, 14 agosto). Ventajas de reducir el lead time para la empresa. Retos en
Supply Chain | Blog sobre Supply Chain de EAE Business School. https://retos-
operaciones-logistica.eae.es/ventajas-de-reducir-el-lead-time-para-la-empresa/
https://posgradosadistancia.com.ar/cadena-logistica-como-es-la-gestion-para-los-
imprevistos/
Manrique Nugent, M. A., Teves Quispe, J., Taco Llave, A. M. & Flores Morales, J. A. (2019).
de Zulia. https://www.redalyc.org/journal/290/29062051009/html/
suministro. https://www.mecalux.com.co/blog/logistica-de-aprovisionamiento
https://www.avetta.com/es/blog/5-objetivos-generales-de-gestion-de-la-cadena-de-
suministro
https://www.academia.edu/17356112/Cadena_de_Suministros_completo
Sistemas de Información Logística (SIL): ¿qué son y para qué sirven? (s. f.).
https://www.beetrack.com/es/blog/sistemas-de-informacion-logistica
desventajas-la-metodologia-lean/
https://www.academia.edu/26733680/Fases_y_operaciones_en_la_cadena_log
%C3%ADstica