IF Clauses

If... Main clause (propozitie principala)

Type I PRESENT FUTURE

Verb/ Verb-s Will + verb
don’t/doesn’t

Type II PAST SIMPLE Would/’d + verb

Verb2/-ed
didn’t

Type III PAST PERFECT Would/’d have + verb3/-ed

had/’d + verb3/-ed

Type I.

IF PRESENT , FUTURE (tipul I se refera la viitor)

If I have time , I will go to the party.
Daca voi avea timp, voi merge la petrecere.

PRESENT , PRESENT (se folosesc atunci cand vorbim despre ceva adevarat in prezent)
If you burn yourself , it hurts.
Daca te arzi, te doare.

PRESENT PERFECT , IMPERATIVE/ CAN/ MAY (se foloseste Present Perfect cand
actiunea s-a terminat si are efect in prezent)
If you have finished eating, clean the table.
Daca ai terminat de mancat, curata masa.

E.g. If she ... me, I will be shocked. (Daca ma va suna, voi fi socat.)
a) called
b) will call
c) calls
d) would call

Type II.

IF PAST , should/would/could/might + Vb. (tipul II se refera la prezent)

If I had money , I would/could/might buy a new PC.
Daca as avea bani , as cumpara/as putea cumpara/s-ar putea sa cumpar un computer nou.

PAST , PAST (se folosesc pentru a vorbi de un adevar in trecut)

If you had a job in the past, you were happy.
(Daca aveai o slujba in trecut, erai fericit.)

E.g. If she ... dogs, she ... five. (Daca nu ar iubi cainii, nu ar avea cinci.)
a) didn't love/ won't have
b) didn't love/ wouldn't have
c) wouldn't love/ wouldn't have
d) hadn't loved/ won't have
Type III .

IF PAST PERFECT , should/would/could/might + HAVE + Vb. III/-ed (tipul III se

refera la trecut)
If I had known , I would/could/might have come to help you.
Daca as fi stiut , as fi venit/as fi putut veni/s-ar putea sa fi venit sa te ajut.

E.g. Daca ar fi fost bogat, el ar fi cumparat un Ferrari.

a) If he were rich, he would buy a Ferrari.
b) If he had been rich, he would have bought a Ferrari.
c) He will buy a Ferrari if he is rich.
d) If he would have been rich, he would have bought a Ferrari.

Inversiunea in Conditionale

In Conditionale inversiunea se face inlocuind IF cu:

- SHOULD la tipul I
- WERE la tipul II si III
- HAD la tipul III

Type 1. IF + S + SHOULD + VB. ... => SHOULD + S + Vb. ...

If I should meet him, I will tell him the news. (Daca se intampla sa il intalnesc, ii voi spune
vestile.) => Should I meet him, I will tell him the news.

E.g. If you happen to see Sarah, give her my love. (Daca se intampla sa o vezi pe Sarah,
transmite-i dragostea mea.)
a) If you will see Sarah, you will give her my love.
b) Should you see Sarah, give her my love.
c) If you were to see Sarah, you would give her my love.
d) Will you see Sarah, give her my love.

Type 2. IF + S + PAST SIMPLE + ... => WERE + S + TO VERB + ...

If I saw her there, I would be surprised. (Daca as vedea-o acolo, as fi surprins.)
If I were to see her there, I would be surprised. (PAST SIMPLE se transforma in WERE +
TO VERB)
Were I to see her there, I would be surprised.

!!! Atentie: nu se foloseste WAS in tipul II de conditionala ci se foloseste WERE pentru

toate persoanele.

E.g. If I met him, I wouldn’t say that .

a) Were I to meet him, I wouldn’t say that.
b) Would I meet him, I wouldn’t say that.
c) Were I to met him, I wouldn’t have said that.
d) Were I to have met him, I wouldn’t say that.

!!! Pentru expresia: If I were you/ if I were in your place (daca as fi tu/ daca as fi in locul
tau), inversiunea este: Were I you/ Were I in your place

Tipul III de conditionala face inversiunea in doua feluri:

Type 3. IF + S + PAST PERFECT + ... => HAD + S + Vb. III/ -ED + ...
If I had seen him, I would have talked with him. (Daca l-as fi vazut, as fi vorbit cu el.)
Had I seen him, I would have talked with him.
E.g. If he had found out the truth, he would have been upset.
a) Were he to find out the truth, he would have been upset.
b) Had he to have found out the truth, he would have been upset.
c) Had he found out the truth, he would have been upset.
d) Were he to have found out the truth, he would be upset.

IF + S + PAST PERFECT + ... => WERE + S + PERFECT INFINITIVE (to have + Vb.
III/ -ed) + ...

If I had seen him, I would have talked with him. (Daca l-as fi vazut, as fi vorbit cu el.)
If I were to have seen him, I would have talked with him. (Past Perfect se transforma in
WERE + TO HAVE + Vb. III/-ED)
Were I to have seen him, I would have talked with him.

E.g. If she had learned more, she would have passed the exam.
a) Were she to learn more, she would have passed the exam.
b) Were she to have learned more, she would have passed the exam.
c) Should she learn more, she would pass the exam.
d) Were she to had learned more, she would have passed the exam. s

De asemenea exista doua expresii pentru tipul II si III de conditionala care formeaza
inversiuni in felul urmator:

If it were not for (de n-ar fi) her, they’d be in trouble.

Type II Were it not for (de n-ar fi) her, they’d be in trouble.
But for (de n-ar fi) her, they’d be in trouble.
De n-ar fi ea, ei ar avea probleme. (dupa aceste expresii se foloseste un pronume sau un
substantiv)

If it hadn’t been for (de n-ar fi fost) her, I would have died.
Type III Had it not been for (de n-ar fi fost) her, I would have died.
But for (de n-ar fi fost) her , I would have died.
De n-ar fi fost ea, as fi murit.

IF poate fi inlocuit cu:

UNLESS (daca nu) OTHERWISE (altminteri)

ON CONDITION THAT (cu conditia) ONLY IF (doar daca)
SO LONG AS/ AS LONG AS (atata WHAT IF (ce ar fi daca)
timp cat) EVEN IF (chiar daca)
PROVIDING/ PROVIDED (cu conditia) IN CASE (in caz ca)
SUPPOSE/ SUPPOSING (sa
presupunem)

I won’t help you if you don’t give me money.

I won’t help you unless you give me money.

If I have time, I will come.

I will come provided I have time

!!! Atentie:
Daca incepem cu secundara si avem ONLY IF la inceput, atunci se face inversiune intre
WILL si Subiect in principala:
I will come only if I have time.
Only if I have time, WILL I come.
Daca avem Prezent sau Imperativ sau Viitor in principala atunci dupa in case se foloseste
present sau may:
Take your umbrella in case it rains/ may rain. (Ia umbrela in caz ca ploua.)

Daca avem Trecut in principala atunci dupa in case se foloseste past sau might:
I took my umbrella in case it rained/ might rain. (Mi-am luat umbrela in caz ca ploua.)

!!!!! Dupa unless (daca nu) nu se folosesc negatii, will sau would:

E.g. Unless she ... us, we won’t give her money.

a) will help
b) won’t help
c) doesn’t help
d) helps

Folosirea lui WILL ca Verb Modal in Conditionala de tip I

In tipul I de conditionala se poate folosi WILL dupa IF daca WILL este Verb Modal si
exprima:
1. willingness (vointa)
E.g. If you want to come to the party, I’ll be glad. (Daca vrei sa vii la petrecere, voi fi
bucuros.)
If you will come to the party, I’ll be glad.
2. refusal (refuz)
E.g. If you refuse to help us, I’ll get upset. (Daca refuzi sa ne ajuti, ma voi supara.)
If you won’t help us, I’ll be upset.
3. polite request (cerere politicoasa)
E.g. If you are kind enough to wait here, I’ll announce you. (Daca sunteti dragut sa asteptati
aici, va voi anunta.)
If you will wait here, I’ll announce you.
4. habit/insistence (obicei/ insistenta)
E.g. If you insist on/ keep on smoking so much, you’ll get lung cancer. (Daca insisti sa
fumezi/ continui sa fumezi atat
de mult, o sa faci cancer la plamani.)
If you will smoke so much, you’ll get lung cancer.

Folosirea lui WOULD ca Verb Modal in Conditionala de tip II

In tipul II de conditionala se poate folosi WOULD dupa IF daca WOULD este Verb
Modal si exprima:
1. Willingness (vointa)
E.g. If you wanted to give me money, I’d be grateful. (Daca ai vrea sa imi dai bani, ti-as fi
recunoscator.)
If you would give me money, I’d be grateful. (Daca ai vrea sa imi dai bani, ti-as fi
recunoscator.)
2. Refusal (refuz)
E.g. If you refused to help them, they’d be annoyed. (Daca ai refuza sa ii ajuti, ei ar fi
enervati.)
If you wouldn’t help them, they’d be annoyed. (Daca ai refuza sa ii ajuti, ei ar fi enervati.)
3. polite request (cerere politicoasa)
E.g. If you were kind enough to wait here, I would announce you. (Daca ati fi dragut sa
asteptati aici, v-as anunta.)
If you would wait here, I would announce you.
 MIXED CONDITIONALS

If Clause Main Clause

Type III Type II
Past Perfect (had + Vb. III/ -ed) would + verb
If you had helped me then, I wouldn’t be in trouble now
Daca m-ai fi ajutat atunci, nu as avea probleme acum.
Aceasta combinatie se foloseste atunci cand o actiune din trecut are efect in prezent.
(trebuie sa avem un cuvant care sa arate ca suntem in prezent -> NOW)

E.g. Ea nu ar fi faimoasa acum daca nu ar fi castigat la loto.

a) She wouldn’t have been famous if she hadn’t won the lottery.
b) She wouldn’t be famous now if she hadn’t won the lottery.
c) She wouldn’t be famous now if she didn’t win the lottery.
d) Had she not won the lottery, she won’t be famous now.

If Clause Main Clause

Type II Type III
Past Simple (Vb. II/ -ed) would have + Vb. III/ -ed
If he were more talented, he would have won the contest.
Daca ar fi mai talentat, ar fi castigat concursul.

VARIATIONS

If she had signed up for the trip last week, she would be joining us tomorrow.
PAST MEANING FUTURE MEANING
Daca s-a inscris pentru excursie saptamana trecuta, ne va insoti maine.

If Dan weren't so nice, he wouldn't be helping you in math tonight.

PRESENT MEANING FUTURE MEANING
Daca Dan nu ar fi asa dragut, nu te-ar ajuta la matematica in seara asta.

If I were going to that concert tomorrow, I would be very happy.

FUTURE MEANING PRESENT MEANING
Daca as merge la concert maine, as fi foarte fericit.

Rephrase with IF Clauses:

If it is necessary, I will tell a lie. => If necessary, I will tell a lie. (Daca este necesar, voi
spune o minciuna.)
If you are in need, call the help line. => If in need, call the help line. (Daca esti la nevoie,
suna linia de urgenta.)
If you are in trouble, give me a call. => If in trouble, give me a call. (Daca ai probleme,
suna-ma.)
If the weather permits/ allows it, we will go for a picnic. => Weather permitting/
allowing, we will go for a picnic. (Daca vremea permite, noi vom merge la un picnic.)
If you are frightened, hold my hand. => If frightened, hold my hand. (Daca esti speriat,
tine-ma de mana.)
If I am given the chance, I will do it. => Given the chance, I will do it. (Daca mi se da
sansa, o voi face.)
If they ask you/ you are asked, tell them you know nothing. => If asked, tell them you
know nothing. (Daca te intreaba/ Daca esti intrebat, spune-le ca nu stii nimic.)
If you wash the dishes, I will clean the room. => You wash the dishes and I will clean the
room. (Daca speli vasele, voi curata camera. -> Tu spala vasele si eu curat camera.)
The car is beautiful although it is a little expensive. => The car is beautiful if a little
expensive. (Masina este frumoasa desi este putin cam scumpa.)