dance

GROUP 5
WHAT IS DANCE?
a performing art form consisting of sequences of movement, either
improvised or purposefully selected. This movement has aesthetic and
often symbolic value. Dance can be categorized and described by its
choreography, by its repertoire of movements, or by its historical period
or place of origin.
 HISTORY OF DANCE
History of dance is filled with interesting events that
shaped its foundations, inventors that created new styles,
periods of time when dance and music were put in the
forefront of innovations, which all enabled it to become the
popular social pastime of today.
WHY IT BECOME POPULAR
Dance has been popular since its invention due to its many
uses during festivals and ceremonies. However, during the
European Renaissance (c. 1300-1600 AD), many new styles
of dance became popular and more widespread.
Choreographed dances to both slow and fast music were
popularized by the wealthy class.
TYPES OF DANCE
Ever since the European Renaissance, dance continued to
rise and popularity. Hundreds of new dance styles emerged
between those times and today, and here you can find out
some of the most popular dances that are in use today.

Ballet
Ballroom
Tap Dance
Folk Dance
Contemporary Dance
Hip Hop Dance
Jazz Dance
BALLET
Is a type of performance dance that originated during the
Italian Renaissance in the fifteenth century and later
developed into a concert dance form in France and Russia.
It has since become a widespread and highly technical
form of dance with its own vocabulary.

Examples:
-Classical
-Neoclassical
-Contemporary
-Romantic
-Bournonville Method, Danish Style
-French Method, Modern Codified Technique
-Cecchetti Method, Italian Style
-Balanchine Method, American Style
BALLROOM
is a set of partner dances, which are enjoyed both socially
and competitively around the world, mostly because of its
performance and entertainment aspects. Ballroom dancing
is also widely enjoyed on stage, film, and television.

Examples :
-waltz
-foxtrot
-argentine tango
-cha cha cha
-rumba
CONTEMPORARY
DANCE
-is a genre of dance performance that developed during
the mid-twentieth century and has since grown to become
one of the dominant genres for formally trained dancers
throughout the world, with particularly strong popularity in
the U.S. And Europe.

Examples:
-embodies ballet
-modern
-jazz
-lyrical
HIP HOP DANCE
Hip hop dance is a range of street dance styles primarily
performed to hip hop music or that have evolved as part of
hip hop culture. It is influenced by a wide range of styles
that were created in the 1970s and made popular by dance
crews in the United States.

Examples:
-running man
- humpty dance
- cabbage pat
JAZZ DANCE
-is a performance dance and style that arose in the United
States in the mid 20th century. Jazz dance may allude to
vernacular jazz about to Broadway or dramatic jazz. The
two types expand on African American vernacular styles of
dance that arose with jazz music.

Examples:
-swing
-Charleston
-Cake walk
-Lindy Hop
-Latin jazz
-Jazz pap
TAP DANCE
-is a form of dance characterized by using the sounds of
tap shoes striking the floor as a form of percussion. Two
major variations on tap dance exist: rhythm tap and
Broadway tap. Broadway tap focuses on dance; it is widely
performed in musical theater.

Examples:
-Classical Tap
-Rhythm Tap
-Musical (or Broadway) Tap
-Funk Tap
FOLK DANCE
-is a dance that reflects the life of the people of a certain
country or region. Not all ethnic dances are folk dances.
For example, ritual dances or dances of ritual origin are not
considered to be folk dances. Ritual dances are usually
called "Religious dances" because of their purpose.

Examples:
-Bharatanatyam (India)
- Samba (Brazil)
- Hula (Hawaii)
ELEMENTS OF DANCE
BODY
ACTION
SPACE
TIME
ENERGY
BODY
The human body is what others see when they look at
dance. Sometimes the body is still; other times, it may be in
motion. A dancer can use the whole body, or emphasize
individual body parts, when moving.
 ACTION
Action is any human movement involved in the act of dancing. What do dancers do?
They move—this is the action they perform. Movement can be divided into two
general categories:

Non-locomotor or axial movement: Any movement that occurs in one spot including a
bend, stretch, swing, rise, fall, shake, turn, rock, tip, suspend, and twist.

Locomotor movement: Any movement that travels through space including a run,
jump, walk, slide, hop, skip, somersault, leap, crawl, gallop, and roll.
SPACE
We’re not talking about the final frontier here! We’re talking about where the action of
dance takes place. Dance moves through space in an endless variety of ways. Level: Is the
movement on the floor or reaching upward? Are they performed high, medium, or low?

Direction: Does the movement go forward, backward, sideways, right, left, or on a diagonal?

Place: Is the movement done on the spot (personal space) or does it move through space
(general space, downstage, upstage)?

Orientation: Which way are the dancers facing?

Pathway: Is the path through space made by the dancers curved, straight, or zigzagged? Or
is it random?

Size: Does the movement take up a small, narrow space, or a big, wide space?

Relationships: How are the dancers positioned in space in relationship to one another? Are
they close together or far apart? Are they in front of, beside, behind, over, under, alone, or
connected to one another?
TIME
Choreographers have to make decisions about timing. Are their movements quick or
slow? Are certain steps repeated in different speeds during the work? If so, why? We
can think of time in the following ways:
Clock Time: We use clock time to think about the length of a dance or parts of a
dance measured in seconds, minutes, or hours.

Timing Relationships: When dancers move in relation to each other (before, after,
together, sooner than, faster than).

Metered Time: A repeated rhythmic pattern often used in music (like 2/4 time or 4/4
time). If dances are done to music, the movement can respond to the beat of the
music or can move against it. The speed of the rhythmic pattern is called its tempo.

Free Rhythm: A rhythmic pattern is less predictable than metered time. Dancers may
perform movement without using music, relying on cues from one another.
ENERGY
The effort the dancers use can communicate meaning, depending on the energy involved. A touch between
two dancers may be gentle and light, perhaps indicating concern or affection; or it may be sudden and
forceful, indicating anger or playfulness. Energy is crucial in bringing the inner expression of emotion out
to the stage performance.

Some ways to think about energy are:

Attack: Is the movement sharp and sudden, or smooth and sustained?

Weight: Does the movement show heaviness, as if giving into gravity, or is it light with a tendency upward?

Flow: Does the movement seem restricted and bound with a lot of muscle tension; or is it relaxed, free, and
easy?

Quality: Is the movement tight, flowing, loose, sharp, swinging, swaying, suspended, collapsed, or smooth?

Finally, a great way to remember the five elements is by thinking of the acronym BASTE: Body, Action,
Space, Time and Energy.
THE END