Riphah International University,

Islamabad

Name: Nawal Khan

SapID: 27704
Program: BSSE
Semester: 4
Course: Operating Systems - Lab
Lab: 1
Instructor: Ms. Mishail Tahir
Date: 26 – Oct – 2022
 LAB TASKS
Q:01 What is the main purpose of operating system?
ANSWER:
The operating system (OS) manages all of the software and hardware on the computer. It
performs basic tasks such as file, memory and process management, handling input and output, and
controlling peripheral devices such as disk drives and printers. An operating system is a computer
program that is initially loaded into a processor by a boot program. It then manages all the other
programs in the processor. The other programs are called applications or tasks.

Q:02 Why is Linux used nowadays. What is the advantage of Linux over Windows?
ANSWER:
Linux is widely used now a days Because it is free and runs on PC platforms, it gained a sizeable
audience among hard-core developers very quickly.
ADVANTAGE:
1. Linux is considered more reliable than Windows. 
2. Linux offers a top-notch interface, built-in security, and unmatched uptime.
3. Linux is Mostly open source Very stable Extensive configuration possibilities
4. The Linux security feature is the main reason that it is the most favourable option for
developers

Q:03 What difficulties a user can face while interacting with a system without operating
system?
ANSWER:
Without an operating system computer hardware is only an inactive electronic machine, which
is inconvenient to user for execution of programs. As the computer hardware or machine
understands only the machine language. It is difficult to develop each and every program in machine
language in order to execute it. Without an operating system, a computer is useless. Without the
operating system, the user won't be able to input any data or run any program.

Q:04 What are the strategies used in process scheduling?

ANSWER:
Process scheduler selects among available processes for next execution on CPU core.
Maximize CPU use, quickly switch processes onto CPU core.Maintains scheduling
queues of processes.
STRATEGIES:
1. First-Come First-Serve Scheduling
2. Shortest-Job-First Scheduling
3. Priority Scheduling
4. Round Robin Scheduling
5. Multilevel Queue Scheduling
6. Multilevel Feedback-Queue Scheduling

Q:05 Write the basis of B, C, K and TCSH shells?

ANSWER:
Shell B :
The Bourne shell ( sh ) is a shell command-line interpreter for computer operating
systems.  It gained popularity due to its compact nature and high speeds of operation .

Shell C:
The C shell was created at the University of California by Bill Joy. It is denoted as csh. It
was developed to include useful programming features like in-built support for arithmetic
operations and a syntax similar to the C programming language.

Shell K :
The Korn shell was developed at AT&T Bell Labs by David Korn, to improve the
Bourne shell. It is denoted as ksh. The Korn shell is essentially a superset of the Bourne
shell.

TCSH shell :
Tcsh is an enhanced version of the csh. It behaves exactly like csh but includes some
additional utilities such as command line editing and filename/command completion.
Tcsh is a great shell for those who are slow typists and/or have trouble remembering
Unix commands.