INDIAN INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT JAMMU

DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION USING AI & EMERGING

TECHNOLOGIES

PROJECT REPORT

SUBMITTED BY

KARAN CHAWLA – MBA21081

MANAS GUPTA – MBA21102
PRABUDDH SINGH - MBA21142
PRAKSHEP DHIMAN - MBA21145
SARTHAK CHAUHAN - MBA21179
SHREY YADAV- MBA21185

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF

DR. PRAKRIT SILAL

GROUP 1
Introduction

Taking attendance in classes has been a major activity at different levels of education, be it
school, under-graduation, or post-graduation. It takes out at least 15 minutes of the class-
time, and even then, the process is tedious, and has a scope of inaccuracy.
If the attendance is recorded at the beginning of the class, students leave after it’s done, and if
it is recorded towards the end, students come late to class. This leads to inefficiency and
disturbance and defeats the whole purpose of recording attendance.
With the onset of Covid-19, the classes were shifted to the Online Mode and we saw a rise in
the usage of platforms such as Zoom, Google Meet, and Microsoft Teams. For scheduling
and conducting Online classes, MS Teams was one of the most preferred platforms in India.
MS Teams provides a detailed Attendance Report including details such as Full Name,
Duration, In-time, Out-time, etc. After experiencing an attendance system like that, teachers
must obviously be reluctant to go back to the initial way of taking attendance, and would
surely love to take attendance like that in offline classes as well.

AS – IS PROCESS

• The current AS-IS system in place for capturing attendance consists of fairly basic
mechanisms such as verbally taking attendance, attendance sheets or manually filled
up excel sheets.

• This system suffers from inefficiencies including requiring class time, not being able
to capture attendance duration and errors.

• The pen and paper system also requires data to be manually input into excel sheets for
sharing and evaluation which in itself is time consuming.

The specific pain points that our process is looking to solve in the existing AS-IS system is:

• There are multiple situations where students sign or mark their absent friend’s
attendance.
 • There are incidents where students leave the session and return when the class is
about to get over
• The attendance process eats out the valuable time of the session.

Which emerging tech to use and how

TO-BE Process

After assessing the AS-IS or the current state, we shall propose the intended future state or
solution. For this, we shall do the TO-BE processing. To-be process mapping documents
what you want the process to look like.

• The system to be put in place consists of two high-resolution cameras. It would be

placed both inside and outside the door of the class.
• The images from these cameras will be input data to a cloud based, trained, computer
vision facial recognition model, which will accurately identify each student as they
come in or go out of the class.

Flow of Information

• It will capture the entry time, the exit time, the duration of attendance, and any breaks
taken for each student.
Challenges in implementing TO-BE

Deployment
Depending on the system type and use case, FRT deployment costs and challenges can
change. Creating and implementing a straightforward facial recognition system for
workplace attendance may not be difficult.
However, if the system must perform significantly more, for example, by being:

• sufficient accuracy to function with various image variances

• unbiased toward races and genders
• Identify individuals despite masks and other occlusions.
Its prices, level of difficulty in development, and method of deployment will alter as a result.
The facial recognition model may become sophisticated, challenging, and more expensive to
train and implement as a result of all these needs. As a result, the price tag may prove to be
a major deterrent to using facial recognition technology.

Infrastructure challenges
• Compression system
• Recognition-compatible camera systems
• High processing server
• Uninterrupted Power
• Uninterrupted high-speed internet

Training face monitor

Model Complexity: Modern facial recognition techniques now in use rely on a Convolutional
Neural Network (CNN) architecture that is "extremely deep," too complex, and not suited
for real-time operation on embedded devices. Therefore, a specific model will have to be
developed. It should be scalable to many users with a need for capturing minimal images
during registration while doing away with complex architecture simultaneously.
• Huge data set of multiple images for the same individual
Accuracy
These sources of variation are classified into two main factors. They are:
1. Intrinsic factors: It is due to the physical nature of the face and are not dependent on the
observer. Intrinsic factors are further divided into intrapersonal and interpersonal.
Intrapersonal is caused due to variations in the facial appearance of an individual, for
example, ageing, facial expression and facial paraphernalia (facial hair, cosmetics, glasses
etc.)
2. Extrinsic factors: This is caused due to the variation in facial appearance due to the
interaction of light with the face and the observer. This will include illumination, pose, scale
and imaging parameters (resolution, focus, imaging, noise etc.).
3. Occlusion: Occlusion, defined as a blockage, happens when one or more facial features
are obscured, and the entire face is not available for input. One of the biggest problems with
facial recognition systems is occlusion.

It is common in real-world situations and is brought on by beards, moustaches, and

accessories (such as goggles, hats, and masks). These elements diversify the topic, making
automated facial recognition a challenging problem to solve.
Strategic roadmap to implement
Class attendance is crucial for assessing the student’s participation in lectures and class-related
activities. Regular attendance motivates teachers and enhances student-teacher relationships,
helping to better manage the student portfolio.

An attendance system can be used to record the punctuality of students, their participation, and the
number of hours in the class. Roadmap to implement automated attendance recording system-

The cloud-based attendance system involves high-resolution cameras on both inside and outside the
class, the control room, an uninterrupted power supply, and an internet supply.

The cloud-based implementation can be done by integrating the high-resolution cameras in the class
and the application software, which automates the system via a web-based database the data will
store on cloud-based storage, and it will capture all the attendance records of all the students and
the data can be retrieved from the database into our system whenever needed.

This will increase the efficiency and effectiveness and would save a lot of time consumed in physical
attendance.

Conclusion
With the help of our project, we could learn that there are ample new technologies out there that never
fail to surprise us. Technologies whose potential impact is still too far-fetched to forecast. Its upon us
who we use this for the good of society. Elon Musk, the famous businessman and owner of Tesla was
recently quoted saying “AI is far more dangerous than nukes". Well, the statement speaks volume of
the dire consequence that the emerging technologies can have. Although, technology used with the
intent and motive of a noble purpose is the possibly the best use-case of technology.