The Impact of Working Mothers in terms of Parenting on Their

Child in Bangladesh.

Submitted By:
Tanvir Islam Shourav
ID: 2012278630
Bachelor of Business Administration

Submitted to:
Hossain, M. Shakhaowat (HSh)
Senior Lecturer
Department of English and Modern Language
North South University
Acknowledgement
I'd want to express my gratitude to all who assisted me in completing this study, including the
interview participants who volunteered to participate in the interview and everyone who completed
the survey. I'd like to express my gratitude to them for taking time out of their busy schedules to
assist me with my research. I am appreciative for their assistance because this research would not
have been possible without their evaluation and assistance. Only because of their participation and
assistance was I able to complete the research.

Abstract

Parenting is very essential for children development. I think most of the people agree with me that
without proper guidance and monitoring child development can’t be done. Mother plays a great
impact on child development in terms of parenting but working mother can’t get the enough time
to spend with their child. As a result most of the working mother’s child feel like they are left
alone. Most of the people agree that lack of monitoring and guideline is the main reason for child
involvement with bad company. Without proper parenting child face many problems in their life.
If their parents are not taking care of them properly, child loose interest to interact in their parents.
But people thought, working mothers child are not mentally depressed and both mother can play
a better role in terms of parenting if they manage proper time for their child development.

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Table of Contents
Introduction: ................................................................................................................................................. 4
Background: .................................................................................................................................................. 5
Research Questions: ..................................................................................................................................... 6
Hypothesis: ................................................................................................................................................... 6
Methodology:................................................................................................................................................ 7
Data Presentation and Analysis: ................................................................................................................... 7
Summary of Research Findings: .................................................................................................................. 14
Conclusion: .................................................................................................................................................. 14
References .................................................................................................................................................. 15

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Introduction:
Parenting is the process of fostering and supporting a child's physical, emotional, social, and
intellectual development from birth until adulthood. Parenting is very important for every child.
Without parenting child development can’t be done. Mother plays a great role in parenting. But
there are different styles of parenting because all the parents are not the same.
From the physiologists view there are four important parenting styles. Every type has their own
styles. These four are Authoritarian, Authoritative, Permissive and Uninvolved. Authoritarian
parenting is not a good style because this style is very strict. The parents who follow this style
have high expectations from the children and low responsiveness. So the child is always in fear.
They have no choice but to fulfill their dream. They have to always follow their parent’s
instructions and oblige their parents. Authoritative parents are more concerned about their
children, they are more concerned about nurturing their child but they are strict like authoritarian
parents. Authoritative parenting styles is the mixture of Authoritarian and Permissive parenting
styles. Third one is the Permissive parenting styles. This is the complete opposite of Authoritarian
parenting styles and it’s the best parenting styles. Because permissive parents always try to be
friends with their child and they give all the freedom to their child. Their child can choose their
own decision by themselves. Permissive parents mainly give the focus on nurturing their child,
they are like a friend to their child. Lastly the Uninvolved parenting styles that are the worst
parenting styles among all of these four. The parents who follow this style don’t involve their child
and they don’t nurture their child. Most of the uninvolved parenting children are involved in
depression and anxiety. Because their parents have to care about them. Children can do whatever
they want, they have no proper guidelines from their parents. So parenting is very essential but it
should be good parenting.
Bangladesh is a developing nation, as we all know. Women make up half of the population in our
nation. There has been a significant change in the field of education for women since the last few
years, as can be seen by comparing the two periods. Women are now pursuing education and
making contributions to their family. In addition, there are educated working women who are also
moms with children. Additionally, mothers who are educated and working class are mothers who:
advancing their careers through their work. Moreover, we have seen a lot of ladies in recent
years.in Bangladesh work in a variety of occupations, the majority of which lead to successful
careers. As a result, the working mother’s rate is increasing day by day in our country. But the
problem is when you work outside at home you have to focus on your job, as a result working
mothers can’t give proper time to their child. So they can’t play the better role whenever they are
doing parenting. Besides this stay-at-home mother doing their job properly.
In our country most of the mothers are stay-at-home mothers but the working mother’s rate is
increasing. So mothers are the most respected women in the world because they birth their children
and they raise their child with a lot of care and responsibilities. Children learn everything from
their mother first. If any mother learns something wrong with their child, their child will learn it
and apply it to their future life. So mothers should do proper parenting on their child because
without parenting child development can’t be done. Mothers have to give proper time to their child,
they have to maintain a friendly relationship with the child and always nurturing their child. Stay-
at home mothers pass their time at home. That's why they get more chances to be closer to their
child and they can give more time to their child. But working mothers are always busy with their
work and they have no time to take care of their child, as a result they don’t interact with their

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child properly. If children get good parenting they become more productive, more sincere, and
more respectful to others and they have gained a good character and morality.

Background:
First, the difficulty that many working mothers experience at home. Women in our country are
also required to perform a variety of housework tasks. For instance, cooking, cleaning clothing,
caring for kids and elderly relatives, etc. An educated working mother must therefore maintain a
healthy balance between all of these responsibilities and her employment. So, maintaining a
healthy balance between work and home is actually rather difficult. A working mother has a lot of
duties and commitments to her home and family as both a mother to her child and a wife to her
spouse. For instance, she must wake up very early, prepare breakfast for her family, and ensure
that her kids awaken and get ready for school. After completing all of these tasks, she must prepare
for her own employment. She consequently finds it quite difficult to carry out her daily tasks at
home. The care of one's children, which is likewise a huge challenge, is a working mother's second
major duty. In other words, women who work make sure their kids eat healthy food, complete their
homework, and participate in extracurricular activities, and so on. According to (SARRI, 2013-
2014), In France there is only one child care place where children are kept. As a result, the majority
of working mothers must care for their children at home because child care services are scarce. As
a result, many women quit their jobs. When we compare this scenario to women in our own
country, Bangladesh, we see that a large number of working mothers quit their jobs due to their
children.

Second, a working mother faces numerous challenges at her workplace. As a corporate employee,
a working mother must be very punctual at work. For example, if office hours begin at 8 a.m., she
must be present in her office at that time. Furthermore, juggling so many responsibilities at home
makes it difficult for a mother to maintain proper punctuality. A working mother must also control
her emotions while performing work at the workplace. For example, if her child becomes ill or a
member of her family dies during that time, she must act quickly because she cannot postpone her
job-related duties and responsibilities. Additionally, a working mother occasionally experiences
work-family conflict. She must attend a family event, but she is unable to do so due to her hectic
job schedule. This circumstance thus causes work-family conflict, which may also result in marital
strife. Therefore, a woman who works as a mother must deal with these difficult circumstances.
Thus, it is clear that a working woman from an educated class faces a significant problem in trying
to maintain a work-life balance. According to (Nancy L. Marshall, 2009 ), work family conflict is
very common among the working mothers rather than working fathers. Therefore, a woman who
works as a mother must deal with these difficult circumstances. Thus, it is clear that a working
woman from an educated class faces a significant problem in trying to maintain a work-life
balance.

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Additionally, people make fun of working mothers' personal lives. For instance, the majority of
people in our culture believe that a mother who works cannot be a decent mother. According to
(Arai, 1989), “[T]here is the prevalent notion in Japan that, “mothers should devote themselves to
child care when their children are very small ``’’ (p.22). Similarly, our society expects moms to
raise their children in the same manner. Because they do not spend a lot of time with their family
and kids. These kinds of unfavorable remarks and remarks cause shame and emotional distress
among working women. In addition, working mothers can experience stress and sadness due to
negative societal beliefs. As a result, a working mother must contend with all of these social
criticisms while continuing to do her job. It is a significant challenge.

Parenting continues throughout adulthood, but the demands of parents, the expectations of the
parent-child connection, and the forms of parenting stress all alter dramatically as people mature.
Recent studies have revealed that parents' wellbeing may be greater when children are very young
than when children are in elementary, middle, or high school, despite older data tending to
emphasize how difficult it is to have younger children. Indeed, physical care of young children is
labor intensive and demanding; and parents with younger minor children sleep less than parents
with older minor children (EW Hagen, 2013 ). So parenting is important but working mothers
don’t have enough time to spend with their child that’s why they can’t do good parenting. Their
children always feel left alone at home because they have no one to talk to and most of the time
they fall into depression and anxiety. Most working mothers have an assistant to take care of their
child but finding a good assistant is rare. As a result, children can’t get the proper guidelines. For
the lack of guidance and monitoring child development gets hampered. Also children do many bad
things and are involved with bad companies because they feel left alone. But stay-at-home mothers
get more time from their mother and they are always monitored by their mother, as a result, they
don’t get the chance to get involved with any bad company.

Research Questions:
I made my survey questions based on the following five questions.

1. Why is parenting so important?

2. What impacts create on the child for parenting?

3. How does a mother create an impact on their child by parenting?

4. What type of challenges face a working mother in our country?

5. What are the main causes behind child involvement in bad companies?

Hypothesis:
According to my research questions I found that people think that parenting is very essential for
children's development. I think most of the people agree with me that without proper guidance and
monitoring child development can’t be done. Mother plays a great impact on child development

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in terms of parenting but working mothers can’t get enough time to spend with their child. As a
result most of the working mother’s children feel like they are left alone. Most of the people agree
that lack of monitoring and guidelines is the main reason for child involvement with bad company.
But people thought, working mothers' children are not mentally depressed and both mothers can
play a better role in terms of parenting if they manage proper time for their child development.

Methodology:

I conducted my survey based on primary and secondary methods.

Primary Method: I selected a group of tertiary students to carry out my primary survey for this
study. I create an impact parenting questionnaire and distribute it to the university students. There
were seven open-ended and closed-ended questions in my survey.

Secondary Method: I collected data from various resources like peer-reviewed journal articles,
verified websites, and newspapers, and so on to prepare my research paper.

Data Presentation and Analysis:

I created my survey question with both the students who are more concerned about their mother's
impact on parenting and those who do not mind. I learned more about how much students care
about their mothers' impact on their life. It will provide information on how much time students
spend with their mothers and what they think about the necessity of parenting.

Results:

How many people have working and stay-at home mother

I have distributed my questionnaire to the college and university going students to know about
their mother’s occupation.

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Figure-1

From my 51 participants I found that 62.7% of people have stay-at-home mothers and 31.4% of
people have working mothers. So from this question I see that most of the people in our country
have stay-at-home mothers. That is good and it matches my hypothesis.

Working mothers spending time with child

My second question was how working mother spend time with their child and why they can’t do
it properly.

Figure-2

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49% said they always try to spend enough time. 21.6% said they are always busy with their work,
17.6% said they have an assistant to take care of their child and 11.8% said they give proper time
to their child. It also matches my hypothesis. Because I think working mothers try to spend enough
time with their child but they can’t get the proper chance for their job purpose.

Parenting importance for child development

The following survey question was the necessity of parenting for children's development.

Figure-3

80.4% strongly agreed that parenting is very essential. Another 17.6% simply agreed to this point
and 2% strongly disagree with this. It matches my hypothesis because without parenting child
development can’t be done, this is necessary.

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Child involvement with bad company

My fourth question was why children get involved with bad company these days.

Figure-4

In my survey I have found that 51% thought all of the options are relevant for getting involved
with a bad company, 41.2% said lack of monitoring is relevant, 33.3% said lack of guidelines and
13.7% said lack of time. It also matches my hypothesis because I think all of the options are
relevant.

Causes of child’s left alone feeling

Afterward, I asked my respondents about the reasons behind the working mother’s child left alone
feeling.

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Figure-5

45.1% chose lack of time spent with mother as causes of loneliness, 39.2% chose stay-at-home for
causes of loneliness and 11.8% chose the third option that is a child can’t get the proper chance to
play outside with their friend. It also matches my hypothesis because I think if the working mothers
give proper time to their child they don’t feel they are left alone.

Mental depression

My next question was is it true that most of the working mother’s child are mentally depressed.

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Figure-6

39.2% said working mothers’ children are not much mentally depressed, 29.4% okay with the
mental depression of working mother’s children and 9.6% very much confident about it. Rest of
the people completely disagree with it. It’s not match with my hypothesis because I think working
mothers' children are mostly mentally depressed because they don’t get the proper chance to
interact with their mothers and they don’t get the chance to share everything with their mothers.
Also most of the time they spend their leisure time home alone.

In terms of parenting who is the better

Open ended question:

I asked about their thoughts that who plays the better role between working mother and stay-at
home mother and why they think they are best.

Stay at home mother. Because their bonding and relationship gets better if a child gets her/his
mother very close.

Stay at home mother. Because a child's relationship with their mother gets stronger and it's very
important for a child's development

None of them because parenting isn't depending on mother's working condition.

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 Stay-at-home mother. Because she can give her child a proper company and can monitor her
child properly

Housewife mother. Because, they can give proper time to family.

A mother can play the better role as she is available to provide all the guidelines, can keep her
child under constant monitoring and mold the child properly. While working mothers can't offer
their child enough time.

I think stay-at-home mother plays a better role in this term. Since they can focus on their children
more, be there with them in times of their needs, support them, help them in their mental
development, teach them variety of things and do many more things which a working mother
won't be able to afford

It's totally depends on mothers working time. Both plays a better role in children mental
activities.

Both can play better role. It's True that home mother's give their whole day to children. But
working mothers are nowadays trying to give enough time to their children.... If they can
maintain time management, then both mothers are better.

Stay at home mother because they can give time to their children and can guide them properly.
However working mother are also acceptable because every individual needs their identity even
if they are males or females, father or mother.

Stay at home mother because she can provide all the basic needs & care a child need as well as
can play a role of a friend.

Both can play the better role. It’s all about organization of time and work. The woman who has
better knowledge about these, in terms of parenting she plays the best role.

Both. Every mother tries their level best in parenting.

Stay at home mother because they can spend much time with their children compared to working
mother

So different people give their different opinions. And I respect their opinion. Some people said stay-at-
home mothers play a better role because they get enough time to spend with their child. Similarly some
people said working mothers play a better role because they know how to manage the time properly and

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they are smarter. Besides this many people said both are good because parenting doesn't depend on
mothers working condition, all the mothers try their best. So it gives me a mixed scenario because all the
opinions have the same value to me.

Summary of Research Findings:

So from my research I found 51 people's responses. They give their own opinion about my research
topic. Most of my questions are relevant to them and they agree with my thoughts. As a result, in
most cases their opinion matches my hypothesis. From my research I found that most of the people
in our country have stay-at-home mothers. As a result they get enough time to spend with their
mothers. Therefore people thought most of the time working mother’s child feel they are left alone
and they get involved with bad company. They don’t get the proper guidelines and monitoring
that’s why they don’t develop themselves. I think all of these are right because without proper
parenting child development can’t be done.

But few people thought working mothers' children are more independent and they are more
productive because they do their work on their own. They don’t need their moms help to do any
kind of work and in their lonely time they do a lot of productive work. And all mothers give their
best to fulfill their responsibilities, mothers' work conditions doesn’t matter in terms of parenting.
I respect their opinion but the actual fact is working mothers' children don’t get the proper time
from their mother. As a result a distance has been created and they don’t want to share everything
with their mother. Also whenever they feel left alone they make many bad decisions. They are not
properly guided and monitored. That's why they do whatever they want and they are involved with
bad company. Sometimes they are addicted to drugs and they get mentally depressed. As a result
many times they want to suicide because they have no one to listen their feelings. And most of the
time working mothers have assistants. That's why their children don’t do their own work on their
own, they depend on the assistant.

I think working mothers have not got the opportunity to do the parenting job properly. Because
most of the time they are busy with their work and they face a lot of troubles in the workplace also
from the family. As a result they get depressed, panicked and frustrated about their own life. That's
why they don’t give enough time to their child. Besides that stay-at-home mothers have no problem
like this, they always try to nurture their child and give the proper guidelines so that the child can
do better in their future. So in my opinion stay-at-home mothers play the better role in terms of
parenting and their children are more productive and their development will be done faster

Conclusion:

A mother plays multiple roles in a child's development, as she is a teacher in every aspect of a
child's developmental growth – social emotional, physical, cognitive and independence. So if a
mother can’t give enough time to their child, the mother child relationship will be hampered and

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the child's developmental growth won’t be good. Most of the cases, working mothers feel they are
left alone and they try to avoid social culture. Many children get involved with bad company for
the lacking's of proper guidance and monitoring. So if all the mothers give their child enough time
and interact regularly, the child will be more active and productive. I think stay-at-home mothers'
children get better parenting because they get enough time from their mother and they always get
the mental support from their mothers. So if a working mother can do the time management
properly and spend enough time with their child, their child will surely get the proper parenting
and do well in every aspect of their future life.

References
Arai, M. T. (1989, December ). Working Mothers and Families. Review of Japanese Culture and Society, 3
(1 ), 21-30, (10 pages) . Retrieved from https://www.jstor.org/stable/42800961

EW Hagen, A. M. (2013 ). The sleep-time cost of parenting. Sleep duration and sleepiness among employed
parents in the Wisconsin Sleep Cohort Study., 177(5), 394-401. Retrieved from
https://academic.oup.com/aje/article/177/5/394/141817

Nancy L. Marshall, A. J. (2009 , October ). After the Baby: Work-Family Conflict and Working Mothers'
Psychological Health. Family Relations, 58(4 ), pp. 380-391 (12 pages) . Retrieved from
https://www.jstor.org/stable/40405697

SARRI, T. K. (2013-2014). WOMEN, MOTHERHOOD AND WORK. Simone de Beauvoir Studies, vol.29 , pp.
33-45 (13 pages) . Retrieved from https://www.jstor.org/stable/45170687

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