VII. Tasks - D. Measurement - 15. Magneto-Electric (CS 2.5) Tasks - I - M.E. Response (CS 2.5)

Radiant Technologies, Inc.
2835D Pan American Freeway NE

Albuquerque, NM 87107
Tel: 505-842-8007
Fax: 505-842-0366
e-mail: radiant@ferrodevices.com
Table of Contents
TABLE OF FIGURES .................................................................................................... III
A - DISCUSSION ...............................................................................................................1
A.1 - Introduction ................................................................................................................ 1
A.2 - The Radiant CS 2.5 Current Source ........................................................................... 8
A.3 - Program Configuration Values................................................................................. 10
A.4 - Field Profiles ............................................................................................................ 11
A.5 - Custom Field Profile ................................................................................................ 15
A.6 - Create File? Dialog Controls .................................................................................... 18
B - MAIN CONFIGURATION.......................................................................................20
B.1 - Setup Dialog ............................................................................................................. 20
B.2 - Discussion ................................................................................................................ 24
B.3 - Controls .................................................................................................................... 27
B.4 - Parameter Adjustment in a Loop .............................................................................. 34
B.5 – Discussion ................................................................................................................ 34
B.6 - Controls .................................................................................................................... 35
B.7 - Sample Identifying Information ............................................................................... 36
B.8 – Controls.................................................................................................................... 37
B.9 – Sensor Configuration ............................................................................................... 37
C - QUIKLOOK CONFIGURATION ...........................................................................42
C.1 - Setup Dialog ............................................................................................................. 42
C.2 – Discussion ................................................................................................................ 45
C.3 – Controls.................................................................................................................... 47
C.4 - Sample Identifying Information ............................................................................... 54
C.5 – Controls.................................................................................................................... 54
C.6 – Sensor Configuration ............................................................................................... 54
D – PLOT CONFIGURATION ......................................................................................59
D.1 - Setup Dialog ............................................................................................................. 59
D.2 – Discussion................................................................................................................ 63
D.3 - Controls .................................................................................................................... 66
E – EXECUTION, ARCHIVE REGRAPH AND EXPORTING ................................70
E.1 – Execution ................................................................................................................. 70
E.2 – Archive Regraph ...................................................................................................... 78
E.3 - Admin Info ............................................................................................................... 82
E.4 – Test Definition Graph .............................................................................................. 83
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VII.D.15 - i – Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) Last Update – 5/7/15
E.5 - Exporting .................................................................................................................. 84
E.6 – Controls .................................................................................................................... 85
E.7 - Discussion................................................................................................................. 86
F – DATA MANIPULATION.......................................................................................101
F.1 – X-Axis Options ...................................................................................................... 101
F.2 – Cursors ................................................................................................................... 117
F.3 – Annotations ............................................................................................................ 124
F.4 - Manipulating Data - Filtering and Plotting Options ............................................... 132
G – USER VARIABLES ...............................................................................................143
H - CHANGE AND VERSION RECORD ..................................................................145
II
Tel: 505-842-8007
Fax: 505-842-0366
Table of Figures
Figure A.1.1 - Basic Magneto-Electric Response Experimental Configuration. .............. 2
Figure A.1.2 - Basic Magneto-Electric Response Experimental Configuration with
Current Detection. .................................................................................................. 3
Figure A.1.3 - Advance Experimental Configuration with DC Field Added. .................. 4
Figure 4 - Electromagnetic Response Experimental Configuration with All Experimental
Options. .................................................................................................................. 5
Figure A.1.5 - Shield Box Thin-Film Sample Mount with Hall Effect Sensors. .............. 6
Figure A.1.6 - Shield Box with Thin-Film Sample Mount - Side View. .......................... 7
Figure A.1.7 - Shield Box with Thin-Film Sample Mount - Top View. .......................... 7
Figure A.1.8 - Shield Box with Bulk-Film Sample Mount - Side View. .......................... 8
Figure A.2.1 - CS 2.5 Front Panel. .................................................................................... 9
Figure A.2.2 - CS 2.5 Rear Panel. ..................................................................................... 9
Figure A.3.1 - Program Parameters. ............................................................................... 10
Figure A.4.1 - Standard Bipolar Field Waveform. 100.0 ms. ±45.0 G with -5.0 G Offset.
............................................................................................................................... 12
Figure A.4.2 - Standard Monopolar Field Waveform. 100.0 ms. -45.0 G with -5.0 G
Offset. ................................................................................................................... 13
Figure A.4.3 - Double-Bipolar Field Profile. .................................................................. 14
Figure A.4.4 - 100.0 ms, ±22.0 G Sinusoidal Field Profile. ........................................... 15
Figure A.5.1 - Sample Custom Field Profile Input Text File. ........................................ 16
Figure A.5.2 - Create a Custom Drive Profile File from within Magneto-Electric
Response. ............................................................................................................. 18
Figure B.1.1 - Main Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) Task Configuration Dialog. 21
Figure B.1.2 - Main Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) Task Custom Drive Profile
Configuration Dialog. .......................................................................................... 22
Figure B.1.3 - Main Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) Task Configured to Read from
a Vision Data File. ............................................................................................... 23
Figure B.1.4 - Main Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) Task Configured to Apply a
DC Field. .............................................................................................................. 24
Figure B.2.1 - Task Parameters as Related to Physical Meaning. .................................. 26
Figure B.4.1 – Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) Parameter Branch Loop Adjustment
Configuration Dialog. .......................................................................................... 34
Figure B.7.1 - Sample Documentation Subdialog. ......................................................... 37
Figure B.9.1 - SENSOR 1 Configuration Subdialog. ..................................................... 38
Figure B.9.2 - Physical Location of the Hall Effect Sensors and Relation to the Dialog
Controls. ............................................................................................................... 39
Figure B.9.3 - SENSOR 2 Configuration Subdialog. ..................................................... 40
Figure C.1.1 - Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) Task QuikLook Measurement
Dialog. DC Field is Disabled. .............................................................................. 43
III
Figure C.1.2 - Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) Task QuikLook Dialog. Custom File
Measurement. DC Field is Disabled. ................................................................... 43
Figure C.1.3 - Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) Task QuikLook Dialog. Vision Data
File Measurement. ................................................................................................ 44
Figure C.1.4 - Magneto-Electric Response Task QuikLook Measurement Dialog. DC
Field is Enabled. ................................................................................................... 44
Figure C.2.1 - Task Parameters as Related to Physical Meaning. .................................. 47
Figure C.4.1 - Sample Documentation Subdialog. .......................................................... 54
Figure C.6.1 - SENSOR 1 Configuration Subdialog. ..................................................... 55
Figure C.6.2 - Physical Location of the Hall Effect Sensors and Relation to the Dialog
Controls. ............................................................................................................... 56
Figure C.6.3 - SENSOR 2 Configuration Subdialog. ..................................................... 57
Figure D.1.1 - Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) Task QuikLook Plot Dialog. ........ 59
Figure D.1.2 - Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) Task QuikLook Plot Dialog. The
Task is Configured to Input Parameters and Data from A Vision Data File. Most
Controls are Disabled. .......................................................................................... 60
Figure D.1.3 - Display Absolute PicoCoulombs is Checked on the Main Dialog Tab.
Data are in Pico-Coulombs (pC) not Polarization (µC/cm2). .............................. 61
Figure D.1.4 - SENSOR 1 Input is Disabled. SENSOR 2 Input from the Vertical Hall
Effect Sensor is Enabled. SENSOR 2 Data may be Used to Plotted Determine X
Data or May be Plotted in a Separate Plot. .......................................................... 62
Figure D.1.5 - Effect of Selecting Derivative and/or Time Manipulation in Plot Filter. 63
Figure D.2.1 - Warning Appears When a Disabled SENSOR Port is Selected in X-Axis
Option. ................................................................................................................. 65
Figure E.1.1 - Measurement Stop Button. ...................................................................... 70
Figure E.1.2 - Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) Task QuikLook Measurement
Results - Full View - Centered Data ................................................................... . 71
Figure E.1.3 - RTI Thin-Film Reference Sample, Fixed Magnet, Mounting Board and
Field Orientation. ................................................................................................. 72
Results - Tabbed View - Plotted Data.................................................................. 73
Results - Tabbed View - Parameters Tab. ........................................................... 74
Figure E.1.6 - Full Data Presentation with DC Bias Field Information. ....................... 75
Figure E.1.7 - Tabbed Data Presentation with DC Bias Field Information. .................. 76
Figure E.1.8 - Measurement Included an Error Detected by the Hardware Driver. ...... 77
Figure E.1.9 - Error Detail Subdialog. ........................................................................... 78
Figure E.2.1 - Recall the Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) Task from the DataSet
Archive. ................................................................................................................ 79
Figure E.2.2 - Magneto-Electric Response Task (CS 2.5) Configuration Dialog Recalled
from the DataSet Archive. ................................................................................... 80
Figure E.2.3 - Archived Data Plot Configuration. .......................................................... 81
Figure E.2.4 - Archived Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) Data Recalled from a
DataSet Archive. .................................................................................................. 82
Figure E.3.1 - Admin Info Subdialog. ............................................................................ 83
Figure E.4.1 - Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) Task Test Definition Graphing
IV
Output. ................................................................................................................. 83
Figure E.5.1 - Standard Export Dialog in Text Mode. Column Delimiter and "Export
Vision" and Image Options Appear in Measurement Tasks. ............................... 84
Figure E.5.2 - Standard Windows File Browser Dialog. ................................................ 85
Figure E.7.1 - Export Configuration Dialog - Printer Option. ........................................ 87
Figure E.7.2 - Standard Windows Printer Configuration Dialog. .................................. 87
Figure E.7.3 - Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) Task Text Export Sample - Upper
Portion. ................................................................................................................. 89
Figure E.7.4 - Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) Task Text Export Sample - Lower
Portion. ................................................................................................................. 90
Figure E.7.5 - Sample Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) Task Excel Export Output -
Upper Portion. ...................................................................................................... 91
Central Portion. .................................................................................................... 92
Lower Portion. ..................................................................................................... 92
Figure E.7.8 - Sample Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) Task Word Export Output -
Upper Portion. Header-Only is Unchecked. ........................................................ 94
Central Portion. Header-Only is Unchecked. ...................................................... 95
Lower Portion. Header-Only is Unchecked. ........................................................ 96
Figure E.7.11 - Utility of Vision Data File Exporting. ................................................... 97
Figure E.7.12 - Windows Metafile Export of the Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5)
Data Image Inserted into Microsoft Word. .......................................................... 98
Figure E.7.13 - JPEG Export of the Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) Data Image......
.............................................................................................................................. 99
Figure E.7.14 - Bitmap Export of the Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) Data Image.
............................................................................................................................. 100
Figure F.1.1 - Charge Vs Estimate Field (G) Configuration. ....................................... 102
Figure F.1.2 - Charge (pC) Vs Estimated Field (G). .................................................... 103
Figure F.1.3 - Charge (pC) Vs Time (ms) Configuration. ............................................ 104
Figure F.1.4 - Charge (pC) and Estimated Field (G) Vs Time (ms). ............................ 105
Figure F.1.5 - Charge (pC) Vs Current-Estimated Field (G) Configuration. ............... 106
Figure F.1.6 - Charge (pC) Vs Current-Estimated Field (G). ....................................... 107
Figure F.1.7 - Configure Plot to Show SENSER 1 in a Separate Plot. ......................... 108
Figure F.1.8 - Charge (pC) Vs Time (ms). Estimated Field (G) by DRIVE is the Center
Plot. CS 2.5 Current Output is the Bottom Plot. ................................................ 109
Figure F.1.9 - Hall Effect (HE) Sensor Selection and Calibration Recovery. .............. 110
Figure F.1.10 - Charge (pC) Vs Directly-Measured (SENSOR 2) Field (G)
Configuration. .................................................................................................... 111
Figure F.1.11 - Charge (pC) Vs Directly-Measured (SENSOR 2) Field (G). .............. 112
Figure F.1.12 - Configuring SENSOR 2 Data Display in a Separate Window. ........... 113
Figure F.1.13 - Charge (pC) Vs Current-Estimated Field (G). SENSOR 2 Data are
Displayed in the Lower Window. ...................................................................... 114
Figure F.1.14 - Field (G)/Current (A) Lag at 500.0 ms Period..................................... 116
V
Figure F.1.15 - Charge (pC) Vs Current-Estimated Field (G) at 10,000 ms. ............... 117
Figure F.2.1 - Plot Cursors Selection Menu. ................................................................ 118
Figure F.2.2 - Plot Cursors Data Menu. ........................................................................ 119
Figure F.2.3 - Vertical Data Cursors. ............................................................................ 120
Figure F.2.4 - Crosshair Data Cursors. ......................................................................... 121
Figure F.2.5 - Point Data Cursors. ................................................................................ 122
Figure F.2.6 - Drop-Down Cursor Menu Access in Tabbed Data Display. ................. 123
Figure F.3.1 - Annotation Formatting Example - Set Line Type to Thick Solid. ......... 125
Figure F.3.2 - Annotation Action is Echoed in the Annotation Control. ...................... 125
Figure F.3.3 - Custom Color Option. ............................................................................ 126
Figure F.3.4 - Tabbed Annotation Modification. .......................................................... 127
Figure F.3.5 - Adding an Ellipse. .................................................................................. 129
Figure F.3.6 - Adding an Symbol with Text. ................................................................ 131
Figure F.3.7 - Tabbed View Annotation Initiation Buttons. ......................................... 132
Figure F.4.1 - The Data Manipulation Selection Control in the Plot Configuration Tab.
............................................................................................................................. 132
Figure F.4.2 - Uncentered Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) Data. ........................ 133
Figure F.4.2 - Centered Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) Data. ............................ 134
Figure F.4.3 - Subsampling Example Data. .................................................................. 135
Figure F.4.4 - Magneto-Electric Coefficient - P/ B. ................................................. 136
Figure F.4.5 - Normalized Magneto-Electric Coefficient - P/( B x Area (cm2)). ..... 137
Figure F.4.6 - Uncentered Magneto-Electric Response Polarization (µC/cm2) Data
Plotted Vs Time (ms). ........................................................................................ 138
Figure F.4.7 - Centered Magneto-Electric Response Polarization (µC/cm2) Data Plotted
Vs Time (ms). .................................................................................................... 138
Figure F.4.8 - Magneto-Electric Coefficient - P/ B Vs Time (ms). .......................... 139
Figure F.4.9 – Normalized Magneto-Electric Coefficient - P/ B Vs Time (ms). ..... 140
Figure F.4.10 – Charge (µC) Vs Field (G). .................................................................. 141
Figure F.4.11 – Centered Charge (µC) Vs Field (G). ................................................... 141
Figure F.4.12 – Centered Charge (µC) Vs Time (ms). ................................................. 142
VI
Tel: 505-842-8007
Fax: 505-842-0366
A - Discussion
This topic presents a discussion of experimental configuration and execution of the Mag-
neto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) Task. The topic may include theoretical discussion of the
measurement to be performed as it relates to the particular discussion, but it does not
serve as a complete or organized theoretical reference. For detailed theoretical discussion,
please refer to Application Note - Magnetoelectric Response Task.pdf, included in
C:\DataSets\Application Notes and available from the Application Notes folder in the
Vision Documents Library window.
This Task is a sister Task to the original Magneto-Electric Response Task. That Task op-
erated with a Current Amplifier provided by another manufacturer. In all cases the Mag-
neto-Electric Bundle was shipped with a Kepco BOP 36 current amplifier. Current detec-
tion was provided using a Radiant Technologies, Inc. RCSi or RCSh current sensor. The
Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) Task is a duplicate of that Task that is directed to-
wards the use of a Radiant Technologies, Inc. CS 2.5 Current Source. This instrument
replaces the original Kepco (or other) amplifier and the RCSi/RCSh instruments. The
control differs sufficiently to justify a second suite of Magneto-Electric Tasks directed at
the CS 2.5. The original Tasks are maintained for those users who purchased the original
Magneto-Electric Bundle. The suites of Tasks are separated into different folders in the
QuikLook and Task Library locations.
Magneto-Electric (Kepco) QuikLook: QuikLook->Magneto-Electric Tasks-

>Kepco.
Magneto-Electric (CS 2.5) QuikLook: QuikLook->Magneto-Electric Tasks-
>Radiant Current Source 2.5.
Magneto-Electric (Kepco) Task Library: Hardware->Measurement->Magneto-
Electrics (Kepco).
Magneto-Electric (CS 2.5) Task Library: Hardware->Measurement->Magneto-
Electrics (CS 2.5).
NOTE: This is a Custom Task that must be purchase in order to operate. The Task is
freely distributed to all Vision users and anyone may configure the Task to review its
structure. Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5). Task data may also be recalled by any
user. However, the Task will not execute without the inclusion of a file named
C:\Program Files (x86)\Radiant Technologies\Vision\System\Security.sec. That file is
delivered to the user on purchase of the Task. The file is keyed both to the Magneto-
Electric Task and to the tester for whose use the Task is targeted. The file is not transfer-
rable and the Task will not operate unless the file is present and the tester for which it is
keyed is powered and connected to the host computer.
A.1 - Introduction
The Magneto-Electric Response Task is used to measure the charge generated by a ferro-
electric or multiferroic sample in the presence of a variable magnetic field, induced by a
1
Helmholtz coil. The current is generated by applying a user-defined voltage profile, gen-
erated by the Precision tester at the DRIVE port, to the Radiant CS 2.5 Current Amplifier.
The current amplifier then applies a variable current that is linearly related to the input
voltage profile, to the Helmholtz coil. The coil produces a variable magnetic field that is
linearly related to the input current and applied to the sample to induce the sample charge
that is read at the tester RETURN port. The situation is shown in Figure A.1.1. Note that
logical information is passed between the Precision Tester and the RTI CS 2.5 Current
Amplifier through an I2C communication bus.
Figure A.1.1 - Basic Magneto-Electric Response Experimental

Configuration.
Note that the geometry of the magnetic field applied to the sample depends greatly on the
position and orientation of the sample. Please see C:\DataSets\Application
Notes\Application Note - Magnetoelectric Response Task.pdf.
In this experiment the user specifies:
Field profile (discussed below).

Maximum field to apply (G)
The Field-per-Current Unit ratio of the Helmholtz coil.
2
The Voltage-per-Current ratio of the current amplifier.
An optional geometry term that adjusts the magnitude of the field specified for the
location of the sample.
The experiment can be rendered slightly more automatic by making use of the CS 2.5
Current Monitor port. This port provides an output voltage that is linearly related to the
actual current applied by the Current Output Port. By convention the Current Monitor
port is connected to the tester SENSOR 1 port and the Task is be configured to convert
the detected voltage into applied field. This provides a more-accurate inference of the ap-
plied field against which the Task would plot the detected sample charge.
Figure A.1.2 - Basic Magneto-Electric Response Experimental

Configuration with Current Detection.
With the current monitor signal in place, the user must specify the linear meter output
Current-per-Volts ratio to convert the SENSOR 1 detected voltage back into current.
In a more-advanced experimental configuration, a pair of DC-Field electromagnets is

placed around the experiment of the above figures. The electromagnets are controlled the
CS 2.5 Field Bias - 1 or Field Bias -2 voltage supply. Then, if selected, the user would
determine the DC field to apply and specify a ramp time to set the field before the stand-
3
ard measurement begins. This allows the field to be applied gradually.
Figure A.1.3 - Advance Experimental Configuration with DC

Field Added.
In the advanced Magneto-Electric Response Task configuration, the user must specify:
The maximum DC Field (G)

The Volts-to-Field Ratio of the electromagnet(s).
The Time (ms) to ramp to the maximum field.
The number of incremental steps to take to ramp to the maximum field.
The I2C address of the RTI DAC voltage generator.
The final complexity that can be added to any of these configurations is to directly detect
the applied field at the sample using a Gauss detector. This would provide the most relia-
ble and accurate measurement of the field. The detected field would be read at a
Gaussmeter associated with the detector. That meter would output a voltage that is linear-
ly related to the detected field and that is read, by convention, at the tester SENSOR 2
port. Although this would normally supplant the detection of the applied current at the
SENSOR port, the current may still be captured and a complete view of the configuration
4
is shown in Figure A.1.4. The standard Magneto-Electric Response package includes the
Lakeshore 425 Gaussmeter. This provides a high-resolution field detector that can be
used for the purpose of Figure A.1.4.
Note that the DC field may also be applied by the DC Field Task before the application
of the Magneto-Electric Response Task. However, the Magneto-Electric Response Task
automatically removes the DC Field when the measurement is complete. It is up to the
user to remove the field if the DC Field Task is used.
Figure 4 - Electromagnetic Response Experimental Configura-

tion with All Experimental Options.
When adding the Gauss meter, the user enables SENSOR 2 data acquisition and config-
ures the linear conversion of the SENSOR 2 voltage by scaling by the Field-Per-Volt ra-
tio of the meter.
The Lakeshore 425 offers a high-precision direct measurement of the magnetic field gen-
erate by the Helmholtz coil. However, the 425 detection wand cannot be placed at the
location of the sample under test when a measurement is being made. With the Magneto-
Electric bundle, Radiant Technologies, Inc. provides a copper magnetic shield box to
hold the sample at the proper location in the 6" Helmholtz coil. (The shield box is dis-
cussed in detail below.) For thin-film samples, the shield box is equipped with a rotation-
5
al sample holding that includes two switchable Hall-Effect magnetic field detectors that
can be used to measure the field on the sample directly when the sample is being tested.
A vertical sensor measures fields that are parallel to the face of the sample under test. A
horizontal sensor measures the magnetic field normal to the face of the test. Figure A.1.5
shows the Shield Box Thin-Film Mount. The Hall Effect sensor to be used is switched in
software through logic signals applied to the I2C port. The Hall Effect sensor response is
carried directly to the tester SENSOR 2 port from the PC board SENSOR SMA. Hall-
Effect Volts-per-Gauss output calibration is stored on an EEPROM in the thin-film
mount. Once calibrated this information can be accesses automatically to set the Gauss-
per-Volt gain of the SENSOR 2 port. The Hall Effect sensor can also be read logically at
the I2C port for the current magnetic field. However, there is no mechanism for this op-
tion during a Task measurement.
Figure A.1.5 - Shield Box Thin-Film Sample Mount with Hall

Effect Sensors.
Figures A.1.6 and A.1.7 show the shield box side and top view with the thin-film sample
mount inserted. The sample mount is rotated to a horizontal orientation.
6
Figure A.1.6 - Shield Box with Thin-Film Sample Mount - Side
View.
Figure A.1.7 - Shield Box with Thin-Film Sample Mount - Top

View.
7
A bulk sample sample mount is also available. This option does not include on-board
Hall Effect sensors. Figure A.1.8 shows a shield box side view with the bulk sample
mount installed.
Figure A.1.8 - Shield Box with Bulk-Film Sample Mount - Side

View.
A.2 - The Radiant CS 2.5 Current Source

The Radiant CS 2.5 Current source is offered as a multi-function instrument that provides
these capabilities:
I2C Control.
±2.0 Amp output as a function of an input voltage.
±2.0 DC Amp output controlled through I2C logic.
Output current monitored as a voltage.
Two independent ±10.0-Volt DAC outputs controlled through I2C logic.
Output voltage monitor.
Two I2C ports allowing the connection of external I2C bus instruments that can
be controlled from the Vision host computer. For the purposes of the Magneto-
Electric Response (CS 2.5) Task, one of these would normally be connected to the
thin-film mount I2C port as in Figures A.1.6 and A.1.7.
Figure A.2.1 shows the CS 2.5 front panel. It provides the current and voltage signal
8
output ports. It also provides LED indicators of the status of the instrument.
Figure A.2.1 - CS 2.5 Front Panel.

The CS 2.5 rear panel is shown in Figure A.2.2. This panel takes the Voltage-to-Current
voltage stimulus from the tester DRIVE at the "Voltage Input" port. It returns a "Current
Monitor" voltage scaled to the output current at the tester's SENSOR 1 port.
Figure A.2.2 - CS 2.5 Rear Panel.
9
A.3 - Program Configuration Values
Figure A.3.1 shows the list of values that are or may be required to configure the Magne-
to-Electric Response Task for the desired measurement. Note that this figure is modified
from the figure in the original Magneto-Electric Response Task help pages. Parameter
does not apply and has been removed from the figure.
Figure A.3.1 - Program Parameters.

A key factor to note is that if the Geometry Coefficient (12) is assigned a value other than
the default of 1.0, the tester's DRIVE voltage will be adjusted to attempt to create the
specified field at the location of the sample as identified by the Geometry Coefficient.
For example:
A) For a user-specified maximum field of 30.0 G, with a Amps/Field gain of 0.037

and a Volts/Amp gain of -1.75, with a Geometry Coefficient of 1.0, the sample is
assumed to be on the centerline between the two Helmholtz coils and the program
will output a maximum DRIVE voltage of:
30.0 G X 0.037 Amps/G X -1.75 Volts/Amp = -1.94 Volts.
This will generate a maximum field of 30 G at the centerline between the two
coils and a reduced field at any other position.
B) For a user-specified maximum field of 30.0 G, with a Amps/Field gain of 0.037

and a Volts/Amp gain of -1.75, with a Geometry Coefficient of 0.4, the sample is
assumed to be somewhere other than the centerline between the two Helmholtz
coils at a position where the field is calculated to be reduced by 60%. The pro-
gram will output a maximum DRIVE voltage of:
10
30.0 G X 0.037 Amps/G X -1.75 Volts/Amp/(0.4 G/G) = -4.86 Volts.
This will generate a field of 30 G at the sample position, but 75.0 G along the cen-
terline between the coils. This also generates a current of 2.777 Amps. The user
should observe the maximum current to ensure that it does not exceed either Cur-
rent Amplifier output or Helmholtz Coil input capabilities.
A.4 - Field Profiles

The list of profiles for the variable field applied by the Helmholtz coil to the sample is
identical to the voltage drive profiles available to the user of the Hysteresis Task. Indeed,
the field profile is converted to a DRIVE profile applied by the tester at the DRIVE port
by:
Voltagei = Fieldi (G) X Current (Amps) / Field (G) X Current Amplifier Volts / Amp X
1/Geometry Term. (1)
Here i is the index of a single step in a field profile composed of discrete steps. The ratios
in (1) are specified by the user. In some cases these may be the inverse of the ratio pub-
lished by the device. For example the current amplifier likely specifies current gain as
Amps/Volt.
Note that each of these profiles may be shifted up or down in field, away from symmetry,
by specifying a field offset value (G)
Standard Bipolar
This is the most common and default field application. Here the field begins at 0.0 (G)
and rises linearly to the specified maximum field. Then it decreases to the negative of the
specified maximum field. Finally, it rises linearly back to 0.0 (G). The field may also
have a constant field offset term applied to shift the profile vertically as a function of
time. (In the example of Figure 12, this term is -5.0 G.) The field is applied over a user-
specified M-E Response Period (ms). Figure A.4.1 shows the profile to 45.0 G, modified
by a negative offset of -5.0 G. The period is 100.0 ms.
11
Figure A.4.1 - Standard Bipolar Field Waveform. 100.0 ms.
±45.0 G with -5.0 G Offset.
Standard Monopolar
A standard monopolar profile is similar to the standard bipolar, but only applies the field
in one direction. If the sample is preset in its polarization state, this profile can be used to
measure a non-switching response from the sample. Figure A.4.2 shows a 100.0 ms, -
45.0 G profile with a -5.0 G offset.
12
Figure A.4.2 - Standard Monopolar Field Waveform. 100.0 ms.
-45.0 G with -5.0 G Offset.
Double Bipolar
The double bipolar applies two successive, complete and identical linear bipolar wave-
forms. An advantage of this profile is that there is a complete and continuous inner polar-
ization loop that does not show the gap that is typical in Hysteresis measurements. The
profile may also have applications in magneto-electric measurements. In the case of the
double bipolar profile, the period specified by the user describes the complete period of
field application and is twice the period of each cycle. In the case of Figure A.4.3, the
user specified 100.0 ms and each cycle period is 50.0 ms. The field is programmed to
±45.0 Volts with a +10.0-Volt Offset.
13
Figure A.4.3 - Double-Bipolar Field Profile.
Sine
The Sine profile is configured identically to the Standard Bipolar field profile. It presents
a single sinusoidal cycle over the period and to the field specified by the user. Unlike the
standard bipolar profile, the sinusoidal profile offers a continuous waveform with no
undifferentiable critical points. The figure shows a ±22.0 G profile over 100.0 ms, with a
1.5 G offset.
14
Figure A.4.4 - 100.0 ms, ±22.0 G Sinusoidal Field Profile.
All Zeroes
The All-Zeroes Field Profile will apply zero field over the duration of the measurement.
This can be used to measure baseline noise, obtain sample response drift or perform di-
agnostics on the experimental configuration.
A.5 - Custom Field Profile

The Custom Field Profile is an elaborate topic that deserves special treatment. As an al-
ternative to the standard triangular bipolar or monopolar Field waveforms automatically
generated by the Task, the user can construct a custom waveform of any shape. The
waveform is created by reading a list of the Field values to be applied at every sample
point from an ASCII-formatted file. The file contains the following information:
1) Number of Test Points (line 1). This cannot exceed 2000 points.
2) Measurement Interval in milliseconds (line 2). This is the delay between sample
points. It is given as real value, 0.001 ms minimum. The Measurement Interval
times the Number of Test Points cannot exceed 30 seconds.
3) Current (Amps)-to-Field (G) Ratio. This is the ratio between the input current of
the Helmholtz coil and the field the coil will generate. This may be the inverse of
a specified Field/Current ratio and one form or another should be labeled on the
Helmholtz coil.
15
4) Volts/Current (Amps) Ratio. This is the ratio between the input voltage of the cur-
rent amplifier and the output current. This may be the inverse of a specified Cur-
rent/Volts ratio and should be available as a label on the current amplifier or with-
in the amplifier manual and/or spec sheet.
5) A geometry coefficient to account for field at the sample position. It is a ratio be-
tween the field at the sample position, x and the field at position 0, centered be-
tween the Helmholtz coils.
6) Field value x (lines 3 through n + 2, where n is the number of test points). The
Field (G) to be applied at sample point x. x n.
Note that the normal dependency on the point count has been eliminated. Any arbitrary
number of points may be specified up to the maximum of 2000. Since the duration of the
waveform is not specified, but the step delay between points is, the dependency has been
removed. The duration of the waveform is now given by (Points - 1) x Measurement In-
terval.
A sample file is shown in Figure A.5.1. The waveform in the example is composed of
ten points and increases linearly from 5 to 50 volts. There are 2000 nanoseconds, or 2 µs
between points, giving a total Hysteresis period of 18 µs (note that ten points define nine
intervals) or a frequency of 55,555.55 Hz.
Figure A.5.1 - Sample Custom Field Profile Input Text File.

The custom input file may be created either in a text editor or from within Vision. If us-
ing a text editor, a word processor should not be used unless the file is saved in text for-
mat. A word processor adds binary header information to the beginning of a file that can-
not be read by Vision. The Notepad utility found in the "Start" menu "Accessories" folder
is recommended. Excel can also be used to create the waveform and export the file. The
file may need some editing after export from Excel. Note that comments may be applied
to the file in line with the entries. Comments must appear after the numeric entries and be
separated by at least one space or tab.
16
File Creation From A Text Editor
File Creation Rules:
1) The file must be in ASCII text

2) The first line in the file must be the total integer number of measurement
points.
3) The second line in the file must be the measurement interval. The meas-
urement interval is the time between measurement points. It is real-valued,
in milliseconds.
4) The third line is the Helmholtz coil Current/Field Ratio
5) The fourth line is the current amplifier Volts/Current Ratio
6) All subsequent lines must be real-valued voltages, in Volts.
7) The number of voltages must match the number of points.
8) The last line in the file must end with a carriage return.
9) Only decimal values can be used. No scientific representation is allowed.
(Example: 1e-6 is not allowed.)
Multiple Waveforms from a Single File
A single file can be used to perform any number of different waveforms that have the
same shape, but are scaled in Field (G). Regardless of the list of field values specified,
the maximum absolute field of the actual waveform will always be the voltage specified
in the Max Field (G) control. The steps to rescale the voltage profile are as follows.
1) Find maximum absolute field in file

2) Divide all field values by this absolute field
3) Multiply all voltages by the value in Max Field (G) .
Note that a negative entry in the Max Field (G) control will invert the drive profile.
Creating a File in Vision
A custom profile file may also be created from within Vision. The user can create a file
themselves by using the Create File? button on the Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5)
setup dialog. The button only appears if the "From File" option is selected in the Drive
Profile Type control. This button will display the dialog shown below:
17
Figure A.5.2 - Create a Custom Drive Profile File from within
Magneto-Electric Response.
The advantage of using this dialog to create the custom file is that the user is ensured that
the file will be correct in format. However, this method is not practical for large custom
profiles. For profiles greater than 100 points, other methods should be used.
A.6 - Create File? Dialog Controls

Name Type Default Description
Number of Points Integer None 5-2000. The total number of sample points to compose the
waveform. The number of field values entered must equal this
number of points. n points (n £ 2000) will define n - 1 meas-
urement intervals. The waveform will have duration "Meas-
urement Interval" * (n - 1) in milliseconds and frequency 1 / (
"Measurement Interval" * (n - 1) ) in Hertz
Measurement Real None 0.001 - 7500.0. The delay between the sample points given in
Interval (ms) milliseconds. The delay times the number of points less 1 will
give the duration of the Magneto-Electric Response loop. The
total duration cannot exceed 30 seconds.
Set (Point #) Integer 1 # = 1-1000. The next sample point whose field is to be set.
This control is read-only and automatically increments when a
point is added to the list using the Add button
Field To Real None -10000 - 10000. This is the field value to be added to the list
at the next point. The value in this field is highlighted each
time Add is clicked for easy overwriting.
Add Button Unpressed Clicking this button appends the point number to the Point #
list and the field to the Field (Oe) list. It increments Set (Point
18
#). It automatically highlights the entry in Field To for easy
overwriting.
Delete Line Button Unpressed A single entry may be removed from the current list by select-
ing it in the Voltage list box. When selected it will be high-
lighted in both the Voltage and Point # list boxes. Clicking
this button removes the point from the list, adjusting the Volt-
age and Point # controls as appropriate and decrementing the
Set (Point #) control.
Delete All Button Unpressed This control deletes all entries from the list. The Voltage and
Point # controls are cleared and the Set (Point #) control is
reset to 1.
Point # List None This is a serially incrementing sequential list of the sample
Box points that have had voltages assigned to them. The point
number shown is related to the voltage that appears adjacent
to it in the Field (Oe) list. This control is read-only, although
items may be selected. No operation can be performed on
selected items. Items selected in the Field (G) control will
also appear as selected here. Before saving, the number of
entries in this list must match the entry in the Number of
Points control.
Field (G) List None May be expressed in Oe or G. This is a serial list of field val-
Box ues to be applied to construct the custom waveform. The field
will appear at the sample point whose index is shown in the
entry of the Point # list immediately adjacent to the field val-
ue. Individual items may be selected in this list in order to be
removed from the list. When selected, they will appear as
highlighted both in this list and in the Point # control. Before
saving, the number of entries in this list must match the entry
in the Number of Points control.
Current Real 0.037 This is the Helmholtz coil ratio between input current and
(Amps)/Field (G) output magnetic field. Although specified in Oe, it may be
Ratio expressed in G or any other magnetic field unit provided units
are consistent throughout Task operation. This value is writ-
ten as the third line in the output file.
Amplifier Real 0.25 This is the current amplifier ration between input voltage and
Volts/Amp Ratio output current. This value is written as the fourth line in the
output file.
Geometry Real 1.0 This is a term that relates the expected field at the position, x,
Coefficient of the sample to the maximum field, at position 0 (centered
between the two Helmholtz coils) as a ratio. Example F(x) =
0.5 F(0). Geometry coefficient = 0.5.
Save As Button Unpressed When the list of voltage is correctly entered and of the proper
number, this control will call up a standard file browser dialog
to be used to save the list to a file.
OK Button Unpressed Exit the dialog after saving.
Cancel Button Unpressed Exit the dialog without saving the current list.
19
Tel: 505-842-8007
Fax: 505-842-0366
B - Main Configuration
Task Name: Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5)
Version: 5.6.1
Last Update: 9 April 2015
In QuikLook Menu: Yes
Folder: Hardware
Subfolder: Measurement
Subsubfolder: Magneto-Electrics (CS 2.5)
Window Name: Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) Setup
Change Record: Go to Error! Not a valid result for table.
Known Bugs: None
User Variables Added: Go To G – User Variables
B.1 - Setup Dialog
Figure B.1.1 Access the Main Magneto-Electric Response (CS

2.5) Task.
20
Figure B.1.2 - Main Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) Task
Configuration Dialog.
21
Custom Drive Profile Configuration Dialog.
22
Configured to Read from a Vision Data File.
23
Configured to Apply a DC Field.
B.2 - Discussion
The main Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) Task configuration options are shown in
Figures B.1.2 through B.1.5. The primary controls specify a variable measurement field
profile type and parameters based on the type. In most cases the field profile is automati-
cally generated by the program based solely on the profile type, the Max. Field (G) value
and the M-E Response Period (ms) value. The profile created is actually a voltage profile
that is applied at the tester DRIVE port and input into a CS 2.5 Voltage Input port. The
voltage is converted to current by the amplifier and passed into a Helmholtz coil. The us-
er specifies the Field (G)/Amp Ratio of the Helmholtz coil and the Current Amplifier
Amps/Volt conversions so that, for a given sample point i, the voltage computed at i is
given by:
Voltsi = Fieldi X 1/Field (G)/Amp Ratio X 1/Current Amplifier Amps/Volt X 1/Geometry

Coefficient (B.2.1)
24
The Geometry Coefficient (generally <= 1.0) is a unit-less scalar that relates the expected
field at the position of the sample to the actual maximum field on the centerline between
the two coils. The total number of steps, i, is given as n (normally referred to as "Points")
and is automatically computed by the Task to be the maximum number of points given
the tester type, the computed Max. Applied Volts value and the M-E Response Period
(ms) value. These configuration values are represented as standard in Figures B.1.2 and
B.1.5.
In Figure B.1.3, a custom "From File" Drive Profile Type is selected. With this option
selected, the File Name, Browse to File and Create File? controls are shown. The use of
the Create File? button is optional. It will open a subdialog that can be used to accurately
create a custom field profile input file as described below. In any case, Browse to File
must be used to navigate to and identify an existing and properly-formatted Magneto-
Electric Response (CS 2.5) Task custom profile input file. Once located, the file path and
file name are reported in File Name. The M-E Response Period (ms) control is disabled
because the period is completely specified by the number of points in the file and the
measurement interval between points in the file. Field (G)/Amp Ratio, Current Amplifier
Amps/Volt and Geometry Coefficient controls are read-only since the values also come
out of the file.
As with all Measurement Task and most Filter Tasks, the Magneto-Electric Response
(CS 2.5) Task can be configured to bypass normal measurement on execution and, in-
stead, read the configuration values and measured data from a Vision Data File, in Mag-
neto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) Task format. The file would be exported by a previous
execution of the file. This is a technique for allowing data to be moved from one location
to another within Vision. The configuration is shown in Figure B.1.4. Nearly all controls
are disabled because the values they represent are imported from the Vision Data File and
not specified for the current execution by the user. This option is selected by checking
Read Data From Vision File. Along with disabling most controls, selecting this option
causes the Browse to File button and read-only File Name controls to appear. The Browse
to File button opens a standard Windows file browser dialog. The dialog must be used to
locate and specify a properly-formatted Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) Task Vision
Data File. Once selected the file path and file name are shown in the File Name control.
With all Task configurations, except for the Vision Data File import, the user has the op-
tion of pre-applying a DC bias field using fixed electromagnets controlled by the CS 2.5
Field Bias - 1 or Field Bias - 2 port. The DC Field is set before the measurement is made
and removed after the measurement. The program does not simply step to the appropriate
Field Bias - x voltage to produce the requested field, but moves linearly to the field over a
user-specified number of steps and over a user-specified period. This option is enabled by
checking Apply DC Field as in Figure B.1.5. Checking this box enables the associated
controls. The user specifies the desired Max. DC Field and DC Field/Volt Ratio of the
electromagnets. When the DC field is reached, the voltage applied at the Field Bias - x
port is given by:
Field Bias - x Volts = Max. DC Field X 1/DC Field/Volt Ratio (B.2.2)
25
Most of the remaining controls are common to all Measurement Tasks. In the case of the
Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) Task, the SENSOR 1 port configuration is given
specifically to the voltage input from the CS 2.5 Current Monitor port. In practice, the
SENSOR port may be used for any value the user chooses. A second SENSOR 2 port is
also available in the Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) Task. This port is specifically
given to the voltage output of a Gauss meter whose detector is placed in proximity to the
sample under test. For thin-film samples in an RTI shield box, this voltage would be gen-
erated by the selected Hall Effect within the shield box.
A control that is not included in standard Hysteresis measurements, labeled Display Ab-
solute PicoCoulombs, is presented for the Magneto-Electric measurement. When Display
Absolute PicoCoulombs is checked, the Area (cm2) control is set to read only, Area (cm2)
control label is changed to pC Conversion (µC/pC) and the Area value is set to a fixed
10-6. In this mode, the absolute charge, in micro-Coulombs, that is measured at the RE-
TURN port is not normalized by Area (cm2). Instead it is converted directly into absolute
Pico-Coulombs by dividing by "Area" = 10-6. Data are not expressed in units of polariza-
tion (µC/cm2). When unchecked, the pC Conversion (µC/pC) control is relabeled Area
(cm2), the control is enabled and the user may enter any value that represents the sample
electrode surface area. In this case the charge (µC/) measured at the tester RETURN port
is normalized by the area producing data in units of Polarization (µC/cm2).
Figure B.2.1 may serve as a reference for entries in the Controls table.
Figure B.2.1 - Task Parameters as Related to Physical Mean-

ing.
26
B.3 - Controls
Control Type Default Description
M-E Response (CS Text “M.E.r. (CS This serves as a root identifier for this instance of the Mag-
2.5) Task Name 2.5)-#” neto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) Task. The Task will be
identified with this value in the Editor and the Current Test
Definition (CTD). Executed Tasks will be displayed and
stored with this name with a ‘.’ and an execution number
appended to it. Each new instance of a Magneto-Electric
Response (CS 2.5) Task within the Editor should have a
unique Task Name assigned. 60-character limit
Drive Profile Type List "Standard Selects between the automatically generated "Standard Bi-
Bipolar" polar" (triangle) DRIVE waveform, the "Standard
Monopolar" (1/2 triangle) waveform, the "Sine" waveform
and the custom "From File" waveform that is input through
a text file. An "All-Zeroes" option is available that gener-
ates no DRIVE output and is useful in some calibration and
troubleshooting operations. The "Double-Bipolar" option
presents two successive standard bipolar DRIVE wave-
forms, ensuring that a there is a fully closed loop within the
data. This control renders the File name, Browse to File
and Create File? controls visible when the "Custom File"
option is selected. Other selections make the three controls
invisible. The "Custom File" option disables M-E Response
Period (ms) as is discussed in detail in the Custom Drive
Profile Format page. This is item in Figure B.2.1.

This control is disabled if Read Data from Vision File is
checked.
Browse to File and Button/ Unpressed/"" The text field shows the name of the file that the program
File Name Text will use to load a custom waveform, if enabled. The field is
read-only. The file must be located using the Browse to File
button. The button and file name controls are invisible if
"Custom File" is not selected in the Drive Profile Type con-
trol. Selecting "Custom File" renders them visible. This
control is disabled if Read Data from Vision File is
checked.
Create File? Button Unpressed When a "Custom File" input is selected in the Drive Profile
Type control, this button will open a dialog that will allow
the user to automatically construct the input file and ensure
that its format is correct. This is discussed in detail in the
Discussion page. Use of this option is not mandatory, as the
file may be created in any text editor. The button control is
invisible if "Standard Bipolar" is selected in the Drive Pro-
file Type control. Selecting "Custom File" renders it visible.
checked.
Apply DC Field Check Checked Checking this box instructs the Task to ramp the voltage at
Box the selected Field Bias 1 or Field Bias 2 port at the user-
defined rate, linearly over the user-defined number of steps.
The DAC (Field Bias port) voltage output is used as an
input to a pair of electromagnets that provide a constant
magnetic field around the sample. For any given ramp step,
i, the voltage applied at i is given by:
27
DAC Voltsi = DC Fieldi X 1/DC Field/Volt Ratio (B.3.1)
The ramp to the final DC Field value of Max. DC Field is

done before the variable-field measurement is performed.
Checking this box enables Max DC Field, DC Volts/Field

Ratio, DC Ramp Time (ms), DC Ramp Steps, Bias Field 1
and Bias Field 2. Otherwise, these controls are disabled.
checked.
Max . DC Field Real 45.0 In Gauss. The constant field to apply around the sample and
Helmholtz coil during the measurement. This field is ap-
plied slowly in a linear ramp before the measurement is
made. This control is disabled if Apply DC Field is un-
checked. This is item in Figure B.2.1. This control is

disabled if Read Data from Vision File is checked.
DC Field/Volt Ratio Real 1.0 This is the ratio between the Volts applied by the CS 2.5
Field Bias - 1 or Field Bias - 2 port DAC to the electro-
magnets and the resultant DC field. The Volts to apply are
computed, given a field, using this ratio by (B.3.1) above.
This is item in Figure B.2.1. This control is disabled

if Apply DC Field is unchecked. This control is disabled if
Read Data from Vision File is checked.
DC Ramp Time (ms) Real 1000.0 If the experiment is to apply a DC bias field during the
measurement, the field is stepped to linearly over this peri-
od of time. This control is disabled if Apply DC Field is
unchecked. This is item in Figure B.2.1. This control

is disabled if Read Data from Vision File is checked.
DC Ramp Steps Integer 100 If the experiment is to apply a DC bias field during the
measurement, the field is stepped to linearly over this num-
ber of steps. This control is disabled if Apply DC Field is

Field Bias 1 Check Checked This control is used to select which of the two CS 2.5 Field
Box Bias ports is to be used to control the electromagnets. With
this selection checked, Field Bias 2 is unchecked and the
CS 2.5 Field Bias - 1 port will be controlled. When un-
checked, Field Bias 2 is checked. This control is disabled if
Apply DC Field is unchecked. This control is disabled if
Field Bias 2 Check Unchecked This control is used to select which of the two CS 2.5 Field
Max Field (G) Real 45.0 This is analogous to the VMax control in Hysteresis. It
specifies the maximum voltage to be used in constructing
the field profile. The sign of the value determines the direc-
tion of the first leg of the field profile. This control remains
enabled if Read Data from Vision File is checked. In that
28
case the custom drive profile is rescaled to use this value as
its maximum voltage. Changes in this control will recom-
pute the value shown in the read-only controls Max. Ap-
plied Volts and Max. Applied Current. This is item in

Figure B.2.1. This control is disabled if Read Data from
Vision File is checked.
Field (G)/Amp Ratio Real 26.809 The tester does not provide a field output. It provides a
voltage output at the DRIVE port that is passed through the
CS 2.5 and into the Helmholtz coil. The voltage output is
given as:
Volts = Field X 1/Field/Current Ratio X 1/Amps/Volt Ratio

X 1/ Geometry Coefficient (B.3.2).
The Amps/Volt Ratio is the gain factor of the current am-

plifier. The Field/Current Ratio, specified in this control, is
the current required by the Helmholtz coil to produce the
specified field. The default value of 26.809 is taken from
the given gain of the Lakeshore Model MH-3 Helmholtz
coil. Changes in this control will recompute the values
shown in the read-only controls Max. Applied Volts and
Max. Applied Current. This is item in Figure B.2.1.

This control is read-only if "From File" is selected in Drive
Profile Type. It is disabled if Read Data from Vision File is
checked.
Current Amplifier Real 0.25 The tester does not provide a field output. It provides a
Amps/Volt voltage output at the DRIVE port that is passed through the
given as:

The Field/Current Ratio is the current required by the

Helmholtz coil to produce the specified field. The CS 2.5
Amps/Volt Ratio, specified in this control, is the voltage
required by the current amplifier to supply the specified
current. The default value of 0.25 is taken from the gain of
the CS 2.5 current source. Changes in this control will
recompute the value shown in the read-only control Max.
Applied Volts and Max. Applied Current. This is item

in Figure B.2.1. This control is read-only if "From File" is
selected in Drive Profile Type. It is disabled if Read Data
from Vision File is checked.
Geometry Coefficient Real 1.0 This is a term used to scale the maximum field applied by
the Helmholtz coil at the centerline between the two coils
to the calculated field value at the position of the sample.
This term will normally be 1.0 or less, since the strongest
field value is on the centerline between the coils. Changes
in this control will recompute the value shown in the read-
only control Max. Applied Volts and Max. Applied Current.
This is item in Figure B.2.1. This control is read-only
29
if "From File" is selected in Drive Profile Type. It is disa-
bled if Read Data from Vision File is checked.
Max. Applied Volts Real 0.28 Read-Only. This is the DRIVE voltage required to produce
Max. Field (G). It is given by:
Max Applied Volts =

Maximum Field X 1/Field/Current Ratio X 1/Amps/Volt
Ratio X 1/ Geometry Coefficient (B.3.3)
This value is recomputed whenever there is any change in

Max Field (G), Field (G)/Amp Ratio, Current Amplifier
Amps/Volt or Geometry Coefficient. This control is disabled
if Read Data from Vision File is checked.
Max. Applied Current Real 0.16 Read-Only. This is the current, in Amps, out of the current
amplifier, that is required to produce Max. Field (G). It is
given by:
Max Applied Current =

Maximum Field X 1/Amps/Volt Ratio (B.3.4)

Max Field (G) or Current Amplifier Amps/Volt. This con-
trol is disabled if Read Data from Vision File is checked.
Display Absolute Check Checked When checked, the Area (cm2) control is set to read only,
PicoCoulombs Box Area (cm2) control label is changed to pC Conversion
(µC/pC) and the Area value is set to a fixed 10-6. In this
mode, the absolute charge, in micro-Coulombs, that is
measured at the RETURN port is not normalized by Area
(cm2). Instead it is converted directly into absolute Pico-
Coulombs by dividing by "Area" = 10-6. Data are not ex-
pressed in units of Polarization (µC/cm2), When unchecked,
the pC Conversion (µC/pC) control is relabeled Area (cm2),
the control is enabled and the user may enter any value that
represents the sample electrode surface area. In this case the
charge (µC/) measured at the tester RETURN port is nor-
malized by the area producing data in units of Polarization
(µC/cm2). This control is disabled if Read Data from Vision
File is checked.
pC Conversion Real 10-6 1.44 x 10-12 - 1000.0. When Display Absolute
(µC/pC) 10-4 PicoCoulombs is checked, this control is labeled pC Con-
Sample Area (cm2) version (µC/pC). The control is set to read-only and forced
to a fixed value of 10-6. This is the scale factor for convert-
ing micro-Coulombs to pico-Coulombs. Here, the charge
data measured at the RETURN port are normalized to abso-
lute pico-Coulombs. When Display Absolute
PicoCoulombs is unchecked, this control is labeled Area
(cm2) and enabled. The user may enter the sample electrode
area and the charge data measured at the RETURN port are
normalized by this area producing data in units of Polariza-
tion (µC/cm2). This control is disabled if Read Data from
Sample Thickness Real 0.3 1.2e-3 - 10000.0. The thickness of the sample ferroelectric
(µm) in µm. This control is disabled if Read Data from Vision
File is checked.
M-E Response Period Real 1.0 The duration of the entire Magneto-Electric Response
30
(ms)
measurement. This is item in Figure B.2.1. This con-
Offset (G) Real 0.0 A constant Field value added to each point in the field
measurement profile. This provides a vertical shift in the
profile, away from symmetry about the X (Time) axis,
weighting the field towards the positive or negative direc-
tion depending on the sign of the offset. This control is dis-
abled if Read Data from Vision File is checked.
Pre-Loop Delay (ms) Real 1000.0 The delay, in ms, between the preset Magneto-Electric Re-
sponse loop (if enabled) and the measurement loop. This
control is disabled if Preset Loop is unchecked. This con-
Preset Loop Check Checked Enables or disables the pre-measurement Magneto-Electric
Box Response loop. Checking this control should preset the
sample to a known polarization state before the measure-
ment. If this control is unchecked, Pre-Loop Delay is disa-
bled. This control is disabled if Read Data from Vision File
is checked.
Auto Amplification Check Checked Tells the tester to automatically adjust the sample return
Box signal gain to an acceptable level. This is done by repeated-
ly measuring the sample using the configured conditions
and adjusting the gain. Enabling this control disables Amp.
Level and enables Start with Last Amp Value. This control
Start with Last Amp Check Checked This control is enabled when Auto Amplification is
Value Box checked. Checking this control instructs the program to
preset the amplification level to the last level that produced
a valid measurement, reducing the likelihood that the pro-
gram will need to make multiple measurements to arrive at
the proper measurement amplification level. If the control
is not checked, the program will preset the amplification
level to the one set in Amp. Level, even though Amp. Level
is disabled with Auto Amplification checked. This control is
disabled if Auto Amplification is unchecked. This control is
Amp. Level List Variable If Auto Amplification is unchecked, this control is used to
Box select the amplification level to be used by the hardware to
make the measurement. The contents of this list will vary
by tester type. This control is disabled if Auto Amplification
is checked. This control is disabled if Read Data from Vi-
sion File is checked.
Response to Nesting Check Checked Checking this control causes the maximum field, maximum
Branch Reset Box DC field and measurement period to be reset to the initial
values specified in Max Field (G), Max . DC Field and M-E
Response Period (ms) if the "Nesting Branch Task: Reset"
Boolean User Variable is set to true, regardless of the status
of Branch loop Adjustment. Subsequent executions will
continue adjustment from the reset value, provided the
"Nesting Branch Task: Reset" User Variable is not set. This
resets the value(s) when instructed to do so by the Nesting
Branch Task. See the main Vision help pages Tutorial Sec-
tion VIII for more details regarding the configuration, use
and utility of Nested Branch Looping. This control is disa-
31
Smooth Data Before Check Unchecked When checked, the measured data will have a 9-point
±Pr and ±VC Calc Box weighted moving average passed over it before computing
±Vc and ±Pr. This will reduce possible sign and errors in the
data if the data are very noisy. The option is disabled by
default because, in normal data, it will always introduce
errors. This control is disabled if Read Data from Vision
File is checked.
Set Sample Info Button Unpressed Clicking this button opens a subdialog that allows docu-
mentary information regarding the sample to be entered.
Information includes sample name and items descriptive of
the lot and wafer. The subdialog is discussed in detail, be-
low. This control is disabled if Read Data from Vision File
is checked.
Set Sensor 1 Button Unpressed Clicking this button opens a subdialog that allows the
SENSOR 1 port signal to be enabled and the signal pro-
cessing to be configured. If the Sensor 1 signal is enabled,
Sensor Enabled (Assumed Field by Current Measurement)
will be checked when the dialog is closed. Otherwise it will
be unchecked. This is the standard SENSOR configuration
common to all Measurement Tasks. In this case the Task is
assumed to acquire current data using a current sensor in
the signal path between the current amplifier output and the
Helmholtz coil input. The user is under no obligation to use
the SENSOR 1 port in this way. The subdialog is discussed
in detail, below. This control is disabled if Read Data from
Sensor Enabled Check Unchecked This control is disabled and used solely to indicate if the
(Assumed Field by Box Task is configured to measure the signal at the Sensor 1
Current Measurement) port. If enabled, the Task assumes that the signal acquired
at the SENSOR 1 port is taken from a current sensor in the
signal path between the current amplifier output and the
Helmholtz coil input. However, the user is under no obliga-
tion to use the SENSOR 1 port in this way.
cessing to be configured. This is the first Task to allow the
user to make use of the SENSOR 2 signal. If the Sensor 2
signal is enabled, Sensor 2 Enabled (Magnetic Field Meas-
ured at Sensor 2) will be checked when the dialog is
closed. Otherwise it will be unchecked. This is the standard
SENSOR configuration common to all Measurement Tasks,
extended to SENSOR 2. In this case the Task is assumed to
acquire field data using a Gauss sensor placed near the
sample. The user is under no obligation to use the SENSOR
2 port in this way. The subdialog is discussed in detail, be-
is checked.
Sensor 2 Enabled Check Unchecked This control is disabled and used solely to indicate if the
(Magnetic Field Box Task is configured to measure the signal at the Sensor 2
Measured at Sensor 2) port. If enabled, the Task assumes that the signal acquired
at the SENSOR 2 port is taken from a Gauss sensor located
near the sample being measured. However, the user is un-
der no obligation to use the SENSOR 2 port in this way.
Adjust Params Button Unpressed Clicking this button opens a subdialog that allows the ad-
justment of the maximum measurement field and/or the
32
measurement period and/or the DC Bias field if the Task is
programmed into a Branch Loop. The dialog is described in
detail below. If Branch Loop adjustment is enabled, Adjust
Parameters in a Loop will be checked when the dialog is
closed. Otherwise it will be unchecked. This control is dis-
Adjust Parameters in Check Unchecked This control is disabled and used solely to indicate if the
a Loop Box Task is configured to adjust Magneto-Electric Response
Period and/or Magneto-Electric Response Field and/or
Magneto-Electric Response DC Bias Field in a Branch
Loop.
Read Data From Check Unchecked Checking this box configures the Magneto-Electric Re-
Vision File Box sponse (CS 2.5) Task to read its configuration parameters
and measured data from a Vision data file, exported by an-
other Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) Task, rather than
making a new measurement. When the box is checked, File
Name and Browse to File, normally hidden, are shown.
Since the configuration parameters are read from the file,
most controls are disabled when this control is checked.
Task Name, Comments, Task Instructions, OK and Can-
cel/Plot remain enabled.
File Name Text “” This control is read-only. It is normally hidden. It appears
Box when Read Data From Vision File is checked. This control
displays the Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) Vision
Data File, identified by the browser using Browse to File,
that is to provide the formatted configuration parameters
and measured data to the Task on execution. A file name
must be identified or the configuration may not proceed.
Browse to File Button Unpressed This control is normally hidden. It appears when Read Data
From Vision File is checked. Clicking this button opens a
standard windows file browser configured to look for files
with a *.vis file extension. The browser is to be used to
identify the location and name of a Vision Data File, ex-
ported by a previous execution of the Magneto-Electric
Response (CS 2.5) Task, whose configuration parameters
and measured data are to be taken on by the current Task.
Once the file is identified and the browser is closed, the file
path and name are reflected in File Name.
Comments Text “” A string of up to 511 characters to be written at the user’s
Box discretion. Intended to allow a detailed description of the
design decision to include the Magneto-Electric Response
(CS 2.5) Task.
Task Instructions Button Unpressed Read this Help page.
OK Button Unpressed Accept the configured Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5)
values
Cancel Button Unpressed Do not add the Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) Task
to the list in the Editor
33
B.4 - Parameter Adjustment in a Loop
Figure B.4.1 – Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) Parameter

Branch Loop Adjustment Configuration Dialog.
B.5 – Discussion
The Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) Task allows three of its configured parameters
to be variable if the Task is located in a Branch Loop. This feature is familiar to users of
Tasks that produce progress dialogs such as Waveform, DC Bias and Delay. There, the
duration of the Task can be adjusted from one Branch Loop iteration to another. In the
case of the Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) Task the maximum field and/or Task
duration and/or DC Bias field can be adjusted from one loop iteration to the next. By
clicking Adjust Params in the main setup dialog, a second dialog opens that establishes
the adjustment protocol. The values in the Max Field (G), M-E Response Period (ms) and
Max. DC Field controls in the main dialog serve as baseline input values that will be used
for the first iteration of the Task. Any or all of these values can then be adjusted by either
scaling by a constant multiplication factor or by incrementing by a constant value. Again,
this is similar to the time adjustment mentioned above.
The Period adjustment may have negative increment or a scale factor such that 0.0 <
scale factor < 1.0. The result is a Period that starts longer and is sequentially reduced.
Field scale and increment terms may also cause a reduction in voltage from iteration to
iteration. In addition, there is no limit on the scale factor. It may be a negative value, in
which case the Field will alternate between a positive and negative value. Note that for a
Standard Bipolar measurement loop this can be used to ensure that the first leg of each
loop (except possibly the first loop) is non-switching, provided the preset loop is disa-
34
bled. For a Standard Monopolar loop, a negative scale factor will ensure that each loop is
switching if preset is disabled.
B.6 - Controls
Adjust M-E Response Check Unchecked Enables the alteration of the Magneto-Electric Response
Period in a Loop Box Measurement Period (ms) from iteration-to-iteration in a
Branch Loop. Enabling this control enables Adjust by
Scaling and Adjust by Incrementing. Period Scale Fac-
tor and Period Increment (ms) are enabled when this
control is enabled and the appropriate choice of Adjust
by Scaling or Adjust by Incrementing is enabled.
Adjust by Scaling Check Checked Checking this control indicates that the Magneto-
Box Electric Response (CS 2.5) Measurement Period (ms) is
to be adjusted by scaling the previous period by the val-
ue in Period Scale Factor. Enabling this control disables
Adjust by Incrementing and Period Increment (ms) and
enables Period Scale Factor. Disabling this control re-
verses the operation. This control is disabled unless Ad-
just M-E Response Period in a Loop is selected.
Adjust by Incrementing Check Unchecked Checking this control indicates that the Magneto-
Box Electric Response Measurement Period (ms) is to be
adjusted by incrementing the previous period by the val-
ue in Period Increment (ms). Enabling this control disa-
bles Adjust by Scaling and Period Scale Factor and ena-
bles Period Increment (ms). Disabling this control re-
verses the operation. This control is disabled unless i is
selected.
Period Scale Factor Real 1.0 Strictly greater than zero. The value by which the previ-
ous Magneto-Electric Response Period (ms) is to be
scaled to compute the current duration. This control is
disabled unless Adjust M-E Response Period in a Loop
and Adjust by Scaling are selected.
Period Increment (ms) Real 0.0 The value to be added to the previous Magneto-Electric
Response Measurement Period (ms) to compute the cur-
rent duration. This control is disabled unless Adjust M-E
Response Period in a Loop and Adjust by Incrementing
are selected.
Adjust M-E Response Check Unchecked Enables the alteration of the maximum applied Field (G)
Field (G) in a Loop Box from iteration-to-iteration in a Branch Loop. Enabling
this control enables Adjust by Scaling and Adjust by In-
crementing. Voltage Scale Factor and Voltage Increment
are enabled when this control is enabled and the appro-
priate choice of Adjust by Scaling or Adjust by Incre-
menting is enabled.
Adjust by Scaling Check Checked Checking this control indicates that the Magneto-
Box Electric Response (CS 2.5) Field is to be adjusted by
scaling the previous field value by the value in Field
Scale Factor. Enabling this control disables Adjust by
Incrementing and Field Increment and enables Scale
Factor. Disabling this control reverses the operation.
This control is disabled unless Adjust M-E Response
Field (G) in a Loop is selected.
Adjust by Incrementing Check Unchecked Checking this control indicates that the Magneto-
35
Box Electric Response (CS 2.5) Field is to be adjusted by
incrementing the previous field value by the value in
Field Increment. Enabling this control disables Adjust by
Scaling and Field Scale Factor and enables Field Incre-
ment. Disabling this control reverses the operation. This
control is disabled unless Adjust M-E Response Field
(G) in a Loop is selected.
Field Scale Factor Real 1.0 The value by which the previous Magneto-Electric Re-
sponse (CS 2.5) Field is to be scaled to compute the cur-
rent field. This control is disabled unless Adjust M-E
Response Field (G) in a Loop and Adjust by Scaling are
selected.
Field Increment Real 0.0 The value to be added to the previous Magneto-Electric
Response (CS 2.5) Field to compute the current field.
This control is disabled unless Adjust M-E Response
Field (G) in a Loop and Adjust by Incrementing are se-
lected.
Adjust DC Bias Field Check Unchecked Enables the alteration of the applied DC Bias Field (G) (
(G) in a Loop Box if enabled) from iteration-to-iteration in a Branch Loop.
Enabling this control enables Adjust by Scaling and Ad-
just by Incrementing. Field Scale Factor and Field In-
crement are enabled when this control is enabled and the
appropriate choice of Adjust by Scaling or Adjust by
Incrementing is enabled.
Adjust by Scaling Check Checked Checking this control indicates that the DC Bias Field is
Box to be adjusted by scaling the previous field value by the
value in Field Scale Factor. Enabling this control disa-
bles Adjust by Incrementing and Field Increment and
enables Field Scale Factor. Disabling this control re-
verses the operation. This control is disabled unless Ad-
just DC Bias Field (G) in a Loop is selected.
Adjust by Incrementing Check Unchecked Checking this control indicates that the DC Bias Field is
Box to be adjusted by incrementing the previous field value
by the value in Field Increment. Enabling this control
disables Adjust by Scaling and Field Scale Factor and
enables Field Increment. Disabling this control reverses
the operation. This control is disabled unless Adjust DC
Bias Field (G) in a Loop is selected.
Field Scale Factor Real 1.0 The value by which the previous DC Bias Field is to be
scaled to compute the current field. This control is disa-
bled unless Adjust DC Bias Field (G) in a Loop and Ad-
just by Scaling are selected.
Field Increment Real 0.0 The value to be added to the previous DC Bias Field to
compute the current field. This control is disabled unless
Adjust DC Bias Field (G) in a Loop and Adjust by In-
crementing are selected.
Task Instructions Button Unpressed Call up a dialog-specific help page.
OK Button Unpressed Accept the programmed values and enable the Branch
Loop update.
Cancel Button Unpressed Close the dialog without changing the configuration.
B.7 - Sample Identifying Information

Clicking Set Sample Info opens a subdialog in which several sample identifying parame-
36
ters may be configured. The purpose is strictly for documentation and most identifiers are
not generic enough to apply to all cases.
Figure B.7.1 - Sample Documentation Subdialog.

B.8 – Controls
Sample Name Text “” 24 Characters Maximum. A unique description of the sample
being measured
Lot ID Text “” 12 Characters Maximum. A unique description of the the lot
from which the sample under test is taken.
Wafer ID Text “” 12 Characters Maximum. A unique description of the the
wafer from which the sample under test is taken.
Die Row Integer 0 The vertical location on the wafer of the sample under test.
May be negative.
Die Column Integer 0 The horizontal location on the wafer of the sample under test.
May be negative.
Capacitor Number Integer 0 Serial identifier of the capacitor being tested.
OK Button Unpressed Close the dialog. Accept the entered values.
Cancel Button Unpressed Close the dialog. Do not adjust the sample information.
B.9 – Sensor Configuration

Clicking Set SENSOR 1 opens a subdialog that allows voltages at the external SENSOR
1 port to be acquired along with the measured data. The SENSOR 1 data can be linearly
scaled and offset to convert them from a voltage to a meaningful value. Inputting the
known output impedance of the device attached to the sensor helps correct for small er-
rors in the measured value. The sensor data can be labeled for identification. As shown
on the dialog, the derived sensor value is given by:
SENSOR Data = Sensed Voltage x Sensor Scale (Tester Input Impedance + Sensor Im-
pedance) / Tester Input Impedance + Offset (B.9.1)
37
The results of enabling or disabling the SENSOR data will be displayed in the Sensor 1
Enabled control on the main dialog when the subdialog is closed.
By convention the signal at SENSOR 1 is taken from the CS 2.5 current monitor port.
This port has a design ratio of 1.0 Amp/V with an offset of 0.0 Amps.
Figure B.9.1 - SENSOR 1 Configuration Subdialog.

Sensor Check Unchecked Checking this control tells the software to capture the voltage signal
Enable Box attached to the SENSOR port simultaneously with the measured
data. The signal will be scaled and offset using equation (B.9.1).
Checking this box enables Sensor Scale, Sensor Offset, Sensor Im-
pedance and Sensor Label.
Sensor Real 1.0 Checking Sensor Enable enables this control. Otherwise it is disa-
Scale bled. The value in this control will be used as a scale factor to linear-
ly convert the measured sensor signal to a physical value in accord-
ance with equation (B.9.1).
Offset bled. The value in this control will be used as an offset value to line-
arly convert the measured sensor signal to a physical value in ac-
cordance with equation (B.9.1).
Sensor Integer 50 Checking Sensor Enable enables this control. Otherwise it is disa-
Impedance bled. The value in this control will be used as a corrective term to
adjust the measured voltage in accordance with equation (B.9.1).
Sensor Text "Coil Checking Sensor Enable enables this control. Otherwise it is disa-
Label Current" bled. This value is used to identify the converted SENSOR signal
when the sensor data are displayed.
Task Button Unpressed Open these help pages in a help project window.
Instructions
Cancel Button Unpressed Close the dialog. Discard any changes made in the Sensor configura-
tion.
OK Button Unpressed Close the dialog. Make the indicated changes in the Sensor configu-
ration.
By convention, the signal at SENSOR 2 is assumed to be taken from the shield box thin
film sample mount SENSOR SMA connector. The signal at that mount is provided by
38
either the Hall Effect sensor that is in the plane of the sample (measures field normal to
the sample surface) or the HE sensor that is perpendicular to the sample (measures the
field that is parallel to the sample surface). The intended Hall Effect sensor is selected in
the SENSOR 2 configuration dialog. The Field (G)/V scale and ±G offset for the two de-
tectors is calibrated before shipment and stored in the EEPROM that is associated with
the testers. The user may manually enter scale and offset terms to convert the SENSOR 2
sensed voltage to Field (G). But the values can also be read directly from the EEPROM.
The intended Hall Effect sensor is first selected by checking either Measure Field Per-
pendicular to the PC Board Face or Measure Field Parallel to the PC Board Face. With
the HE sensor selected, clicking Load Scale/Offset From Shield Box reads the EEPROM-
stored value into the Scale and Offset controls. Once the Scale and Offset are set for a se-
lected HE sensor, they remain persistent until manually altered.
Figure B.9.2 - Physical Location of the Hall Effect Sensors and

Relation to the Dialog Controls.
39
Figure B.9.3 - SENSOR 2 Configuration Subdialog.
The user is under no obligation to use the SENSOR ports or their configuration in this
manner. The voltage response of any external instrument may be captured at either SEN-
SOR port.

Use Mag. Check Unchecked Checking this control tells the software to capture the voltage
Field Detector Box signal attached to the SENSOR 2 port simultaneously with the
measured data. The signal will be scaled and offset using equa-
tion (B.9.1). Checking this box enables Scale, Offset, Measure
Field Perpendicular to the PC Board Face, Measure Field Par-
allel to the PC Board Face and Load Scale/Offset From Shield
Box.
Scale Real 1.0 Checking Use Mag. Field Detector enables this control. Other-
wise it is disabled. The value in this control will be used as a
scale factor to linearly convert the measured sensor signal to a
physical value in accordance with equation (B.9.1). This control
may be manually set by the user. It may be automatically set by
checking Field Perpendicular to the PC Board Face or Field
Parallel to the PC Board Face and then clicking Load
Scale/Offset From Shield Box. This will read the EEPROM-
stored Scale and Offset values for the selected Hall Effect Sen-
sor and write those values to Scale and Offset. Once the value is
set for a particular HE sensor selection, this control will be up-
dated to that value when that sensor is selected again.
Offset Real 0.0 Checking Use Mag. Field Detector enables this control. Other-
wise it is disabled. The value in this control will be used as an
offset value to linearly convert the measured sensor signal to a
physical value in accordance with equation (B.9.1). This control
Parallel to the PC Board Face and clicking Load Scale/Offset
From Shield Box. This will read the EEPROM-stored Scale and
Offset values for the selected Hall Effect Sensor and write those
40
values to Scale and Offset. Once the value is set for a particular
HE sensor selection, this control will be updated to that value
when that sensor is selected again.
Measure Field Check Checked Checking Use Mag. Field Detector enables this control. Other-
Perpendicular Box wise it is disabled. When checked, Measure Field Parallel to the
to the PC PC Board Face is unchecked and the program switches the out-
Board Face put of the horizontal Hall Effect sensor to the SENSOR SMA
connector on the thin-film shield box. The current values (origi-
nally default) for the horizontal Hall Effect sensor are written to
Scale and Offset. If the control is unchecked, Measure Field
Parallel to the PC Board Face is checked and the program
switches the output of the vertical Hall Effect sensor to the
SENSOR SMA connector on the thin-film shield box. The cur-
rent values (originally default) for the vertical Hall Effect sensor
are written to Scale and Offset.
Measure Field Check Unchecked Checking Use Mag. Field Detector enables this control. Other-
Parallel to the Box wise it is disabled. When checked, Measure Field Perpendicular
PC Board to the PC Board Face is unchecked and the program switches
Face the output of the vertical Hall Effect sensor to the SENSOR
SMA connector on the thin-film shield box. The current values
(originally default) for the vertical Hall Effect sensor are written
to Scale and Offset. If the control is unchecked, Measure Field
Perpendicular to the PC Board Face is checked and the pro-
gram switches the output of the horizontal Hall Effect sensor to
the SENSOR SMA connector on the thin-film shield box. The
current values (originally default) for the horizontal Hall Effect
sensor are written to Scale and Offset.
Load Button Unpressed Checking Use Mag. Field Detector enables this control. Other-
Scale/Offset wise it is disabled. When clicked this button reads the shield box
From Shield EEPROM for the Scale and Offset values of the currently-
Box selected Hall Effect sensor. If Measure Field Perpendicular to
the PC Board Face is checked the values are from the horizontal
HE sensor. If Measure Field Parallel to the PC Board Face is
checked, the values are from the vertical sensor. The values are
written into the Scale and Offset controls.
Cancel Button Unpressed Close the dialog. Discard any changes made in the Sensor con-
figuration.
OK Button Unpressed Close the dialog. Make the indicated changes in the Sensor con-
figuration.
41
Tel: 505-842-8007
Fax: 505-842-0366
C - QuikLook Configuration
Version: 5.6.1
Folder: Hardware
Window Name: Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) QuikLook Measurement Setup::Magneto-
Electric Response (CS 2.5) QuikLook Measurement Setup
Known Bugs: None
C.1 - Setup Dialog
Figure C.1.1 – Access the Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5)

QuikLook Task.
42
Figure C.1.2 - Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) Task
QuikLook Measurement Dialog. DC Field is Disabled.

QuikLook Dialog. Custom File Measurement. DC Field is Dis-
abled.
43
QuikLook Dialog. Vision Data File Measurement.
Figure C.1.5 - Magneto-Electric Response Task QuikLook

Measurement Dialog. DC Field is Enabled.
44
C.2 – Discussion
The main Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) Task QuikLook configuration options are
shown in Figures C.1.2 through C.1.5. The primary controls specify a variable meas-
urement field profile type and parameters based on the type. In most cases the field pro-
file is automatically generated by the program based solely on the Drive Profile Type, the
Max. Field (G) value and the M-E Response Period (ms) value. The profile created is ac-
tually a voltage profile that is applied at the tester DRIVE port and input into the CS 2.5
Voltage Input port. The voltage is converted to current by the CS 2.5 and passed into a
Helmholtz coil. The user specifies the Field (G)/Amp Ratio of the Helmholtz coil and the
Current Amplifier Amps/Volts Ratio conversions so that, for a given sample point i, the
voltage computed at i is given by:
Voltsi = Fieldi X 1/Field (G)/Amp X 1/Current Amplifier Amps/Volts Ratio X 1/Geometry Coefficient
(C.2.1)
The Geometry Coefficient (generally <= 1.0) is a unitless scalar that relates the expected
field at the position of the sample to the actual maximum field on the centerline between
the two coils. The total number of steps, i, is given as n (normally referred to as "Points")
and is automatically computed by the Task to be the maximum number of points given
the tester type, the computed Max. Applied Volts value and the M-E Response Period
(ms) value. These configuration values are represented as standard in Figures C.1.2 and
C.1.5.
In Figure C.1.3, a custom "From File" Drive Profile Type is selected. With this option
selected, the File Name, Browse to File and Create File? controls are shown. The use of
the Create File? button is optional. It will open a subdialog that can be used to accurately
create a custom field profile input file. In any case, Browse to File must be used to navi-
gate to and identify an existing and properly-formatted Magneto-Electric Response (CS
2.5) Task custom profile input file. Once located, the file path and file name are reported
in File Name. The M-E Response Period (ms) control is disabled because the period is
completely specified by the number of points in the file and the measurement interval be-
tween points in the file. Field (G)/Amp Ratio and Current Amplifier Amps/Volts Ratio
controls are read-only since the values also come out of the file.
As with all Measurement Task and most Filter Tasks, the Magneto-Electric Response
(CS 2.5) Task can be configured to bypass normal measurement on execution and, in-
stead, read the configuration values and measured data from a Vision Data File, in Mag-
neto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) Task format. The file would be exported by a previous
execution of the file. This is a technique for allowing data to be moved from one location
to another within Vision. The configuration is shown in Figure C.1.4. Nearly all controls
are disabled because the values they represent are imported from the Vision Data File and
not specified for the current execution by the user. This option is selected by checking
Read Data From Vision File. Along with disabling most controls, selecting this option
causes the Browse to File button and read-only File Name controls to appear. The Browse
to File button opens a standard Windows file browser dialog. The dialog must be used to
locate and specify a properly-formatted Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) Task Vision
45
Data File. Once selected the file path and file name are shown in the read-only File Name
control.
With all Task configurations, except for the Vision Data File import, the user has the op-
tion of pre-applying a DC bias field using fixed electromagnets controlled by the CS 2.5
Field Bias - 1 or Field Bias - 2 port. The DC Field is set before the measurement is made
and removed after the measurement. The program does not simply step to the appropriate
Field Bias - x voltage to produce the requested field, but moves linearly to the field over a
user-specified number of steps and over a user-specified period. This option is enabled by
checking Apply DC Field as in Figure C.1.5. Checking this box enables the associated
controls. The user specifies the desired Max. DC Field and DC Field/Volt Ratio of the
electromagnets. When the DC field is reached, the voltage applied at the Field Bias - x
port is given by:
Field Bias - x Volts = Max. DC Field X 1/DC Field/Volt Ratio (C.2.2)
Most of the remaining controls are common to all Measurement Tasks. In the case of the
Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) Task, the SENSOR port configuration is given spe-
cifically to the voltage input from a current meter inserted into the path between the cur-
rent amplifier output and the Helmholtz coil input. In practice, the SENSOR port may be
used for any value the user chooses. A second SENSOR 2 port is also available in the
Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) Task. This port is specifically given to the voltage
output of a Gauss meter whose detector is placed in proximity to the sample under test.
A control that is not included in standard Hysteresis measurements, labeled Display Ab-
solute PicoCoulombs, is presented for the Magneto-Electric measurement. When Display
Absolute PicoCoulombs is checked, the Area (cm2) control is set to read only, Area
(cm2) control label is changed to pC Conversion (µC/pC) and the Area value is set to a
fixed 10-6. In this mode, the absolute charge, in micro-Coulombs, that is measured at the
RETURN port is not normalized by Area (cm2). Instead it is converted directly into abso-
lute Pico-Coulombs by dividing by "Area" = 10-6. Data are not expressed in units of po-
larization (µC/cm2), When unchecked, the pC Conversion (µC/pC) control is relabeled
Area (cm2), the control is enabled and the user may enter any value that represents the
sample electrode surface area. In this case the charge (µC/) measured at the tester RE-
TURN port is normalized by the area producing data in units of Polarization (µC/cm2).
Figure C.2.1 may serve as a reference for entries in the Controls table.
46
Figure C.2.1 - Task Parameters as Related to Physical Mean-
ing.
C.3 – Controls
M-E Response (CS Text “M.E.r. (CS This serves as a root identifier for this instance of the Mag-
2.5) Task Name 2.5)-#” neto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) Task. The Task will be
identified with this value in the Editor and the Current Test
Definition (CTD). Executed Tasks will be displayed and
stored with this name with a ‘.’ and an execution number
appended to it. Each new instance of a Magneto-Electric
Response (CS 2.5) Task within the Editor should have a
unique Task Name assigned. 60-character limit
Drive Profile Type List "Standard Selects between the automatically generated "Standard Bi-
Bipolar" polar" (triangle) DRIVE waveform, the "Standard
Monopolar" (1/2 triangle) waveform, the "Sine" waveform
and the custom "From File" waveform that is input through
a text file. An "All-Zeroes" option is available that gener-
ates no DRIVE output and is useful in some calibration and
troubleshooting operations. The "Double-Bipolar" option
presents two successive standard bipolar DRIVE wave-
forms, ensuring that a there is a fully closed loop within the
data. This control renders the File name, Browse to File
and Create File? controls visible when the "Custom File"
option is selected. Other selections make the three controls
invisible. The "Custom File" option disables M-E Response
Period (ms) as is discussed in detail in the Custom Drive
Profile Format page. This is item in Figure B.2.1.

checked.
Browse to File and Button/ Unpressed/"" The text field shows the name of the file that the program
File Name Text will use to load a custom waveform, if enabled. The field is
47
read-only. The file must be located using the Browse to File
button. The button and file name controls are invisible if
"Custom File" is not selected in the Drive Profile Type con-
trol. Selecting "Custom File" renders them visible. This
control is disabled if Read Data from Vision File is
checked.
Create File? Button Unpressed When a "Custom File" input is selected in the Drive Profile
Type control, this button will open a dialog that will allow
the user to automatically construct the input file and ensure
that its format is correct. This is discussed in detail in the
Discussion page. Use of this option is not mandatory, as the
file may be created in any text editor. The button control is
invisible if "Standard Bipolar" is selected in the Drive Pro-
file Type control. Selecting "Custom File" renders it visible.
checked.
Apply DC Field Check Checked Checking this box instructs the Task to ramp the voltage at
Box the selected Field Bias 1 or Field Bias 2 port at the user-
defined rate, linearly over the user-defined number of steps.
The DAC (Field Bias port) voltage output is used as an
input to a pair of electromagnets that provide a constant
magnetic field around the sample. For any given ramp step,
i, the voltage applied at i is given by:
DAC Voltsi = DC Fieldi X 1/DC Field/Volt Ratio (B.3.1)
The ramp to the final DC Field value of Max. DC Field is

done before the variable-field measurement is performed.
Checking this box enables Max DC Field, DC Volts/Field

Ratio, DC Ramp Time (ms), DC Ramp Steps, Bias Field 1
and Bias Field 2. Otherwise, these controls are disabled.
checked.
Max . DC Field Real 45.0 In Gauss. The constant field to apply around the sample and
Helmholtz coil during the measurement. This field is ap-
plied slowly in a linear ramp before the measurement is
made. This control is disabled if Apply DC Field is un-
checked. This is item in Figure B.2.1. This control is

DC Field/Volt Ratio Real 1.0 This is the ratio between the Volts applied by the CS 2.5
Field Bias - 1 or Field Bias - 2 port DAC to the electro-
magnets and the resultant DC field. The Volts to apply are
computed, given a field, using this ratio by (B.3.1) above.
This is item in Figure B.2.1. This control is disabled

if Apply DC Field is unchecked. This control is disabled if
DC Ramp Time (ms) Real 1000.0 If the experiment is to apply a DC bias field during the
measurement, the field is stepped to linearly over this peri-
od of time. This control is disabled if Apply DC Field is

DC Ramp Steps Integer 100 If the experiment is to apply a DC bias field during the
48
measurement, the field is stepped to linearly over this num-
ber of steps. This control is disabled if Apply DC Field is

Field Bias 1 Check Checked This control is used to select which of the two CS 2.5 Field
Field Bias 2 Check Unchecked This control is used to select which of the two CS 2.5 Field
Max Field (G) Real 45.0 This is analogous to the VMax control in Hysteresis. It
specifies the maximum voltage to be used in constructing
the field profile. The sign of the value determines the direc-
tion of the first leg of the field profile. This control remains
enabled if Read Data from Vision File is checked. In that
case the custom drive profile is rescaled to use this value as
its maximum voltage. Changes in this control will recom-
pute the value shown in the read-only controls Max. Ap-
plied Volts and Max. Applied Current. This is item in

Figure B.2.1. This control is disabled if Read Data from
Field (G)/Amp Ratio Real 26.809 The tester does not provide a field output. It provides a
voltage output at the DRIVE port that is passed through the
given as:

The Amps/Volt Ratio is the gain factor of the current am-

plifier. The Field/Current Ratio, specified in this control, is
the current required by the Helmholtz coil to produce the
specified field. The default value of 26.809 is taken from
the given gain of the Lakeshore Model MH-3 Helmholtz
coil. Changes in this control will recompute the values
shown in the read-only controls Max. Applied Volts and
Max. Applied Current. This is item in Figure B.2.1.

This control is read-only if "From File" is selected in Drive
Profile Type. It is disabled if Read Data from Vision File is
checked.
Current Amplifier Real 0.25 The tester does not provide a field output. It provides a
Amps/Volt voltage output at the DRIVE port that is passed through the
given as:
49
The Field/Current Ratio is the current required by the

Helmholtz coil to produce the specified field. The CS 2.5
Amps/Volt Ratio, specified in this control, is the voltage
required by the current amplifier to supply the specified
current. The default value of 0.25 is taken from the gain of
the CS 2.5 current source. Changes in this control will
recompute the value shown in the read-only control Max.
Applied Volts and Max. Applied Current. This is item

in Figure B.2.1. This control is read-only if "From File" is
selected in Drive Profile Type. It is disabled if Read Data
from Vision File is checked.
Geometry Coefficient Real 1.0 This is a term used to scale the maximum field applied by
the Helmholtz coil at the centerline between the two coils
to the calculated field value at the position of the sample.
This term will normally be 1.0 or less, since the strongest
field value is on the centerline between the coils. Changes
in this control will recompute the value shown in the read-
only control Max. Applied Volts and Max. Applied Current.
This is item in Figure B.2.1. This control is read-only

if "From File" is selected in Drive Profile Type. It is disa-
Max. Applied Volts Real 0.28 Read-Only. This is the DRIVE voltage required to produce
Max. Field (G). It is given by:
Max Applied Volts =

Maximum Field X 1/Field/Current Ratio X 1/Amps/Volt
Ratio X 1/ Geometry Coefficient (B.3.3)

Max Field (G), Field (G)/Amp Ratio, Current Amplifier
Amps/Volt or Geometry Coefficient. This control is disabled
if Read Data from Vision File is checked.
Max. Applied Current Real 0.16 Read-Only. This is the current, in Amps, out of the current
amplifier, that is required to produce Max. Field (G). It is
given by:
Max Applied Current =

Maximum Field X 1/Amps/Volt Ratio (B.3.4)

Max Field (G) or Current Amplifier Amps/Volt. This con-
Display Absolute Check Checked When checked, the Area (cm2) control is set to read only,
PicoCoulombs Box Area (cm2) control label is changed to pC Conversion
(µC/pC) and the Area value is set to a fixed 10-6. In this
mode, the absolute charge, in micro-Coulombs, that is
measured at the RETURN port is not normalized by Area
(cm2). Instead it is converted directly into absolute Pico-
Coulombs by dividing by "Area" = 10-6. Data are not ex-
pressed in units of Polarization (µC/cm2), When unchecked,
the pC Conversion (µC/pC) control is relabeled Area (cm2),
50
the control is enabled and the user may enter any value that
represents the sample electrode surface area. In this case the
charge (µC/) measured at the tester RETURN port is nor-
malized by the area producing data in units of Polarization
(µC/cm2). This control is disabled if Read Data from Vision
File is checked.
pC Conversion Real 10-6 1.44 x 10-12 - 1000.0. When Display Absolute
(µC/pC) 10-4 PicoCoulombs is checked, this control is labeled pC Con-
Sample Area (cm2) version (µC/pC). The control is set to read-only and forced
to a fixed value of 10-6. This is the scale factor for convert-
ing micro-Coulombs to pico-Coulombs. Here, the charge
data measured at the RETURN port are normalized to abso-
lute pico-Coulombs. When Display Absolute
PicoCoulombs is unchecked, this control is labeled Area
(cm2) and enabled. The user may enter the sample electrode
area and the charge data measured at the RETURN port are
normalized by this area producing data in units of Polariza-
tion (µC/cm2). This control is disabled if Read Data from
Sample Thickness Real 0.3 1.2e-3 - 10000.0. The thickness of the sample ferroelectric
(µm) in µm. This control is disabled if Read Data from Vision
File is checked.
Field Period (ms) Real 1.0 The duration of the entire Magneto-Electric Response
measurement. This is item in Figure B.2.1. This con-

Field Offset (G) Real 0.0 A constant Field value added to each point in the field
measurement profile. This provides a vertical shift in the
profile, away from symmetry about the X (Time) axis,
weighting the field towards the positive or negative direc-
tion depending on the sign of the offset. This control is dis-
Preset Loop Check Checked Enables or disables the pre-measurement Magneto-Electric
Box Response loop. Checking this control should preset the
sample to a known polarization state before the measure-
ment. If this control is unchecked, Pre-Loop Delay is disa-
bled. This control is disabled if Read Data from Vision File
is checked.
Pre-Loop Delay (ms) Real 1000.0 The delay, in ms, between the preset Magneto-Electric Re-
sponse loop (if enabled) and the measurement loop. This
control is disabled if Preset Loop is unchecked. This con-
Auto Amplification Check Checked Tells the tester to automatically adjust the sample return
Box signal gain to an acceptable level. This is done by repeated-
ly measuring the sample using the configured conditions
and adjusting the gain. Enabling this control disables Amp.
Level and enables Start with Last Amp Value. This control
Start with Last Amp Check Checked This control is enabled when Auto Amplification is
Value Box checked. Checking this control instructs the program to
preset the amplification level to the last level that produced
a valid measurement, reducing the likelihood that the pro-
gram will need to make multiple measurements to arrive at
the proper measurement amplification level. If the control
is not checked, the program will preset the amplification
51
level to the one set in Amp. Level, even though Amp. Level
is disabled with Auto Amplification checked. This control is
disabled if Auto Amplification is unchecked. This control is
Amp. Level List Variable If Auto Amplification is unchecked, this control is used to
Box select the amplification level to be used by the hardware to
make the measurement. The contents of this list will vary
by tester type. This control is disabled if Auto Amplification
is checked. This control is disabled if Read Data from Vi-
sion File is checked.
Response to Nesting Check Checked Checking this control causes the maximum field, maximum
Branch Reset Box DC field and measurement period to be reset to the initial
values specified in Max Field (G), Max . DC Field and M-E
Response Period (ms) if the "Nesting Branch Task: Reset"
Boolean User Variable is set to true, regardless of the status
of Branch loop Adjustment. Subsequent executions will
continue adjustment from the reset value, provided the
"Nesting Branch Task: Reset" User Variable is not set. This
resets the value(s) when instructed to do so by the Nesting
Branch Task. See the main Vision help pages Tutorial Sec-
tion VIII for more details regarding the configuration, use
and utility of Nested Branch Looping. This control is disa-
Smooth Data Before Check Unchecked When checked, the measured data will have a 9-point
±Pr and ±VC Calc Box weighted moving average passed over it before computing
±Vc and ±Pr. This will reduce possible sign and errors in the
data if the data are very noisy. The option is disabled by
default because, in normal data, it will always introduce
errors. This control is disabled if Read Data from Vision
File is checked.
Set Sample Info Button Unpressed Clicking this button opens a subdialog that allows docu-
mentary information regarding the sample to be entered.
Information includes sample name and items descriptive of
the lot and wafer. The subdialog is discussed in detail, be-
is checked.
cessing to be configured. If the Sensor 1 signal is enabled,
Sensor Enabled (Assumed Field by Current Measurement)
will be checked when the dialog is closed. Otherwise it will
be unchecked. This is the standard SENSOR configuration
common to all Measurement Tasks. In this case the Task is
assumed to acquire current data using a current sensor in
the signal path between the current amplifier output and the
Helmholtz coil input. The user is under no obligation to use
the SENSOR 1 port in this way. The subdialog is discussed
in detail, below. This control is disabled if Read Data from
Sensor Enabled Check Unchecked This control is disabled and used solely to indicate if the
(Assumed Field by Box Task is configured to measure the signal at the Sensor 1
Current Measurement) port. If enabled, the Task assumes that the signal acquired
at the SENSOR 1 port is taken from a current sensor in the
signal path between the current amplifier output and the
Helmholtz coil input. However, the user is under no obliga-
52
tion to use the SENSOR 1 port in this way.
cessing to be configured. This is the first Task to allow the
user to make use of the SENSOR 2 signal. If the Sensor 2
signal is enabled, Sensor 2 Enabled (Magnetic Field Meas-
ured at Sensor 2) will be checked when the dialog is
closed. Otherwise it will be unchecked. This is the standard
SENSOR configuration common to all Measurement Tasks,
extended to SENSOR 2. In this case the Task is assumed to
acquire field data using a Gauss sensor placed near the
sample. The user is under no obligation to use the SENSOR
2 port in this way. The subdialog is discussed in detail, be-
is checked.
Sensor 2 Enabled Check Unchecked This control is disabled and used solely to indicate if the
(Magnetic Field Box Task is configured to measure the signal at the Sensor 2
Measured at Sensor 2) port. If enabled, the Task assumes that the signal acquired
at the SENSOR 2 port is taken from a Gauss sensor located
near the sample being measured. However, the user is un-
der no obligation to use the SENSOR 2 port in this way.
Read Data From Check Unchecked Checking this box configures the Magneto-Electric Re-
Vision File Box sponse (CS 2.5) Task to read its configuration parameters
and measured data from a Vision data file, exported by an-
other Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) Task, rather than
making a new measurement. When the box is checked, File
Name and Browse to File, normally hidden, are shown.
Since the configuration parameters are read from the file,
most controls are disabled when this control is checked.
Task Name, Comments, Task Instructions, OK and Can-
cel/Plot remain enabled.
File Name Text “” This control is read-only. It is normally hidden. It appears
Box when Read Data From Vision File is checked. This control
displays the Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) Vision
Data File, identified by the browser using Browse to File,
that is to provide the formatted configuration parameters
and measured data to the Task on execution. A file name
must be identified or the configuration may not proceed.
Browse to File Button Unpressed This control is normally hidden. It appears when Read Data
From Vision File is checked. Clicking this button opens a
standard windows file browser configured to look for files
with a *.vis file extension. The browser is to be used to
identify the location and name of a Vision Data File, ex-
ported by a previous execution of the Magneto-Electric
Response (CS 2.5) Task, whose configuration parameters
and measured data are to be taken on by the current Task.
Once the file is identified and the browser is closed, the file
path and name are reflected in File Name.
Box discretion. Intended to allow a detailed description of the
(CS 2.5) Task.
OK Button Unpressed Accept the configured Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5)
values
53
Cancel Button Unpressed Do not add the Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) Task
to the list in the Editor
C.4 - Sample Identifying Information

Clicking Set Sample Info opens a subdialog in which several sample identifying parame-
ters may be configured. The purpose is strictly for documentation and most identifiers are
not generic enough to apply to all cases.
Figure C.4.1 - Sample Documentation Subdialog.

C.5 – Controls
Sample Name Text “” 24 Characters Maximum. A unique description of the sample
being measured
Lot ID Text “” 12 Characters Maximum. A unique description of the the lot
from which the sample under test is taken.
Wafer ID Text “” 12 Characters Maximum. A unique description of the the
wafer from which the sample under test is taken.
Die Row Integer 0 The vertical location on the wafer of the sample under test.
May be negative.
Die Column Integer 0 The horizontal location on the wafer of the sample under test.
May be negative.
Capacitor Number Integer 0 Serial identifier of the capacitor being tested.
OK Button Unpressed Close the dialog. Accept the entered values.
Cancel Button Unpressed Close the dialog. Do not adjust the sample information.
C.6 – Sensor Configuration

Clicking Set SENSOR 1 opens a subdialog that allows voltages at the external SENSOR
1 port to be acquired along with the measured data. The SENSOR 1 data can be linearly
scaled and offset to convert them from a voltage to a meaningful value. Inputting the
known output impedance of the device attached to the sensor helps correct for small er-
rors in the measured value. The sensor data can be labeled for identification. As shown
54
on the dialog, the derived sensor value is given by:
SENSOR Data = Sensed Voltage x Sensor Scale (Tester Input Impedance + Sensor Im-
pedance) / Tester Input Impedance + Offset (C.6.1)
The results of enabling or disabling the SENSOR data will be displayed in the Sensor 1
Enabled control on the main dialog when the subdialog is closed.
By convention the signal at SENSOR 1 is taken from the CS 2.5 current monitor port.
This port has a design ratio of 1.0 Amp/V with an offset of 0.0 Amps.
Figure C.6.1 - SENSOR 1 Configuration Subdialog.

Sensor Check Unchecked Checking this control tells the software to capture the voltage signal
Enable Box attached to the SENSOR port simultaneously with the measured
data. The signal will be scaled and offset using equation (C.6.1).
Checking this box enables Sensor Scale, Sensor Offset, Sensor Im-
pedance and Sensor Label.
Scale bled. The value in this control will be used as a scale factor to linear-
ly convert the measured sensor signal to a physical value in accord-
ance with equation (C.6.1).
Offset bled. The value in this control will be used as an offset value to line-
arly convert the measured sensor signal to a physical value in ac-
cordance with equation (C.6.1).
Sensor Integer 50 Checking Sensor Enable enables this control. Otherwise it is disa-
Impedance bled. The value in this control will be used as a corrective term to
adjust the measured voltage in accordance with equation (C.6.1).
Sensor Text "Coil Checking Sensor Enable enables this control. Otherwise it is disa-
Label Current" bled. This value is used to identify the converted SENSOR signal
when the sensor data are displayed.
Task Button Unpressed Open these help pages in a help project window.
Instructions
Cancel Button Unpressed Close the dialog. Discard any changes made in the Sensor configura-
tion.
55
OK Button Unpressed Close the dialog. Make the indicated changes in the Sensor configu-
ration.
By convention, the signal at SENSOR 2 is assumed to be taken from the shield box thin
film sample mount SENSOR SMA connector. The signal at that mount is provided by
either the Hall Effect sensor that is in the plane of the sample (measures field normal to
the sample surface) or the HE sensor that is perpendicular to the sample (measures the
field that is parallel to the sample surface). The intended Hall Effect sensor is selected in
the SENSOR 2 configuration dialog. The Field (G)/V scale and ±G offset for the two de-
tectors is calibrated before shipment and stored in the EEPROM that is associated with
the testers. The user may manually enter scale and offset terms to convert the SENSOR 2
sensed voltage to Field (G). But the values can also be read directly from the EEPROM.
The intended Hall Effect sensor is first selected by checking either Measure Field Per-
pendicular to the PC Board Face or Measure Field Parallel to the PC Board Face. With
the HE sensor selected, clicking Load Scale/Offset From Shield Box reads the EEPROM-
stored value into the Scale and Offset controls. Once the Scale and Offset are set for a se-
lected HE sensor, they remain persistent until manually altered.
Figure C.6.2 - Physical Location of the Hall Effect Sensors and

Relation to the Dialog Controls.
56
Figure C.6.3 - SENSOR 2 Configuration Subdialog.
The user is under no obligation to use the SENSOR ports or their configuration in this
manner. The voltage response of any external instrument may be captured at either SEN-
SOR port.

Use Mag. Check Unchecked Checking this control tells the software to capture the voltage
Field Detector Box signal attached to the SENSOR 2 port simultaneously with the
measured data. The signal will be scaled and offset using equa-
tion (B.9.1). Checking this box enables Scale, Offset, Measure
Field Perpendicular to the PC Board Face, Measure Field Par-
allel to the PC Board Face and Load Scale/Offset From Shield
Box.
Scale Real 1.0 Checking Use Mag. Field Detector enables this control. Other-
wise it is disabled. The value in this control will be used as a
scale factor to linearly convert the measured sensor signal to a
physical value in accordance with equation (C.6.1). This control
Parallel to the PC Board Face and then clicking Load
Scale/Offset From Shield Box. This will read the EEPROM-
stored Scale and Offset values for the selected Hall Effect Sen-
sor and write those values to Scale and Offset. Once the value is
set for a particular HE sensor selection, this control will be up-
dated to that value when that sensor is selected again.
Offset Real 0.0 Checking Use Mag. Field Detector enables this control. Other-
wise it is disabled. The value in this control will be used as an
offset value to linearly convert the measured sensor signal to a
physical value in accordance with equation (C.6.1). This control
Parallel to the PC Board Face and clicking Load Scale/Offset
From Shield Box. This will read the EEPROM-stored Scale and
Offset values for the selected Hall Effect Sensor and write those
57
values to Scale and Offset. Once the value is set for a particular
HE sensor selection, this control will be updated to that value
when that sensor is selected again.
Measure Field Check Checked Checking Use Mag. Field Detector enables this control. Other-
Perpendicular Box wise it is disabled. When checked, Measure Field Parallel to the
to the PC PC Board Face is unchecked and the program switches the out-
Board Face put of the horizontal Hall Effect sensor to the SENSOR SMA
connector on the thin-film shield box. The current values (origi-
nally default) for the horizontal Hall Effect sensor are written to
Scale and Offset. If the control is unchecked, Measure Field
Parallel to the PC Board Face is checked and the program
switches the output of the vertical Hall Effect sensor to the
SENSOR SMA connector on the thin-film shield box. The cur-
rent values (originally default) for the vertical Hall Effect sensor
are written to Scale and Offset.
Measure Field Check Unchecked Checking Use Mag. Field Detector enables this control. Other-
Parallel to the Box wise it is disabled. When checked, Measure Field Perpendicular
PC Board to the PC Board Face is unchecked and the program switches
Face the output of the vertical Hall Effect sensor to the SENSOR
SMA connector on the thin-film shield box. The current values
(originally default) for the vertical Hall Effect sensor are written
to Scale and Offset. If the control is unchecked, Measure Field
Perpendicular to the PC Board Face is checked and the pro-
gram switches the output of the horizontal Hall Effect sensor to
the SENSOR SMA connector on the thin-film shield box. The
current values (originally default) for the horizontal Hall Effect
sensor are written to Scale and Offset.
Load Button Unpressed Checking Use Mag. Field Detector enables this control. Other-
Scale/Offset wise it is disabled. When clicked this button reads the shield box
From Shield EEPROM for the Scale and Offset values of the currently-
Box selected Hall Effect sensor. If Measure Field Perpendicular to
the PC Board Face is checked the values are from the horizontal
HE sensor. If Measure Field Parallel to the PC Board Face is
checked, the values are from the vertical sensor. The values are
written into the Scale and Offset controls.
Cancel Button Unpressed Close the dialog. Discard any changes made in the Sensor con-
figuration.
OK Button Unpressed Close the dialog. Make the indicated changes in the Sensor con-
figuration.
58
Tel: 505-842-8007
Fax: 505-842-0366
D – Plot Configuration
Version: 5.6.1
Folder: Hardware
Window Name: Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) QuikLook Measurement Setup::Magneto-
Electric Response (CS 2.5) QuikLook Plot Setup
Known Bugs: None
D.1 - Setup Dialog
Figure D.1.1 - Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) Task

QuikLook Plot Dialog.
59
Figure D.1.2 - Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) Task
QuikLook Plot Dialog. The Task is Configured to Input Pa-
rameters and Data from A Vision Data File. Most Controls are
Disabled.
60
Figure D.1.3 - Display Absolute PicoCoulombs is Checked on
the Main Dialog Tab. Data are in Pico-Coulombs (pC) not Po-
larization (µC/cm2).
61
Figure D.1.4 - SENSOR 1 Input is Disabled. SENSOR 2 Input
from the Vertical Hall Effect Sensor is Enabled. SENSOR 2
Data may be Used to Plotted Determine X Data or May be
Plotted in a Separate Plot.
62
Figure D.1.5 - Effect of Selecting Derivative and/or Time Ma-
nipulation in Plot Filter.
D.2 – Discussion
The QuikLook Plot dialog appears as the second tab in the QuikLook configuration dia-
log. It also appears when the main configuration dialog is closed when recalling the Task
from a DataSet Archive. The top portion of the dialog is used to set labels that will be
positioned above the plotted data or associated with the plot axes. The Axis labels are
first set automatically by the Task as changes are made in the dialog. Once the changes
are set, the labels may be overwritten by the user to any custom value. The Data Label
control is used to assign a label that will be used by the plot to distinguish the measured
data from other plotted data in cases where there are multiple data plots. The user may
assign a Self-Prompt label of any value. That label may have a single User Variable ap-
pended to it as selected in Parameter to Append to Prompt.
Plot X Axis:
The Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) Task creates a Field (G) profile that is applied
to the sample to induce the measured response. The Task is also designed to derive the
63
profile from the output of one of two Hall Effect sensors placed between the coils of the
Helmholtz coil and read at the SENSOR 2 port. A third alternative is to estimate the field
value based on the voltage output of the CS 2.5 Current Monitor port. Most data are plot-
ted as a function of field (G) and mathematical manipulations of the data are often per-
formed as a function of field (G). The X-Axis Option control determines which of the
possible field data collections to use to plot the data and, possibly, to perform the ma-
nipulations. In reality, the SENSOR 1 and 2 ports may be assigned to an input voltage
from any source.
Data into the Magnetic-Electric Response Task may be provided by any of these sources:
Measured Polarization (µC/cm2) or Charge (pC) data form the basis for the plot-
ted dependent (Y-Axis) data. The data may be manipulated by selecting one of the
various Plot Filter options as discussed below.
SENSOR 1 voltage data scaled and offset to convert the sensed voltage to a mean-
ingful value. This is normally the output of the CS 2.5 Current Monitor port that
outputs a voltage model of the actual current being applied. However, it may rep-
resent any input value.
SENSOR 2 voltage data scaled and offset to convert the sensed voltage to a mean-
ingful value. This may represent any input value. However, it will normally repre-
sent the voltage output of a Hall Effect sensor in the shield box that models the
magnetic Field (G) detected by the sensor. Either vertical or horizontal HE sensor,
though not both, may provide the data.
With these options, the plot X Data - assumed to represent magnetic Field (G) may be
specified:
From the assigned voltage profile by:
Xi = Vi X Current Amplifier Amps/Volt X Field (G)/Amp Ratio (D.2.1)
Select "Calculated Field (G) - By Applied Volts" in X-Axis Option. This option is
always available.
From the SENSOR 1 voltage profile by:
Xi = SENSOR 1i X (Scale + Offset) X Field (G)/Amp Ratio (D.2.2)
Select "Calculated Field (G) - By Measured Current (Sensor 1)" in X-Axis Option.
This option is available provided SENSOR 1 is enabled on the main dialog tab
and Plot Sensor 1 if Enabled is unchecked. If SENSOR 2 is not enabled, a warn-
ing will appear and the X-Axis option selection will be reset to the previous selec-
tion:
64
Figure D.2.1 - Warning Appears When a Disabled SENSOR
Port is Selected in X-Axis Option.
From the SENSOR 2 voltage profile by:
Xi = SENSOR 2i X (Scale + Offset) (D.2.3)
Select "Measured Field (G) - Horizontal (Sensor 1)" in X-Axis Option. This option
is available provided SENSOR 2 is enabled on the main dialog tab, Plot Sensor 2
if Enabled is unchecked and the horizontal Hall Effect sensor is selected. If SEN-
SOR 2 is not enabled, or the vertical HE sensor is selected, a warning will appear
and the X-Axis option selection will be reset to the previous selection.
Or…
Select "Measured Field (G) - Vertical (Sensor 1)" in X-Axis Option. This option is
available provided SENSOR 2 is enabled on the main dialog tab, Plot Sensor 2 if
Enabled is unchecked and the vertical Hall Effect sensor is selected.. If SENSOR
2 is not enabled, or the vertical HE sensor is selected, a warning will appear and
the X-Axis option selection will be reset to the previous selection.
Figure D.1.4 presents some of these options. If either of these options is selected,
the Zero X-Axis control is enabled. If checked, the X-Axis data are shifted right or
left by subtracting the first scaled and offset SENSOR 2 data point from every
SENSOR 2 data point. This ensures that the first measured point is plotted at 0.0
(G). This option is only available when SENSOR 2 data are used to determine the
X-Axis values. Zero X-Axis is disabled for all other X-Axis Option selections.
A final X-Axis option is to plot as a function of Time (ms) by selecting any of the Plot
Filter options that specify "... Vs Time (ms)". In this case X-Axis Option is disabled and
the selection in the control is ignored.
Any of the SENSOR data that are available may be plotted separately as a function of the
selection in X-Axis Option provided that they are not selected in X-Axis Option. Further-
more, if the data manipulation selected in Plot Filter specifies "... Vs Time (ms)", then
the Field value derived from the voltage profile will also be plotted separately.
65
Plot Filter
The measured data may have one of a number of mathematical manipulations applied to
them before they are plotted. These manipulations are performed only on the plotted data
and do not permanently affect the measured data. The manipulation is selected in Plot
Filter. For manipulations that involve differentiation, the process introduces noise. In
those cases the data may be subsampled at every fourth point (provided the number of
data points is at least 400) and/or may be smoothed using a 9-point weighted moving fil-
ter. Subsample Data and Smooth Data are enabled when such selections are made in Plot
Filter.
When the Plot Filter option specifies "... Vs Time (ms)", the X-Axis Option control is
disabled. Field (G) is plotted separately, also as a function of time.
Plot Filter data manipulation options are discussed in detail in Data Manipulation.
Data may be displayed in full view or tabbed view. Tabbed view places plotted data in
the first tab of a two-tab dialog. Configuration and measured parameters are moved to a
second tab. This allows for a small dialog presentation that is useful when using a laptop
or other small display. The tabbed option may be selected in the plot configuration dialog
or may be switched to from the full display dialog. Once the tabbed option is selected it is
permanent until it is turned off. It may only be turned off by unchecking Display Tabbed
in one of the Measurement Task dialogs.
In QuikLook, if the Task is configured to input data from a Vision Data File, data and
configuration parameters are input from the VDF. Input parameters include the plot titles
and configuration. In this case, most controls are disabled as in Figure D.1.2. The user
may still select between tabbed and full data presentation and may add comments. A note
is presented indicating that the Task is configured for Vision Data File input. The user
may still select between tabbed and full data presentation and may add comments. This
disabled presentation will not appear when the dialog is presented in association with
Task recovery from a DataSet Archive.
D.3 - Controls
Plot Title Text “” 60 Characters Maximum. User-defined text to be centered
horizontally above the plotted data. Normally this is used to
provide detailed description of the data and its source. This
control is disabled if the QuikLook Task is configured to
input data from a Vision Data File.
Plot Subtitle Text “” 60 Characters Maximum. This is centered horizontally im-
mediately below the main plot title. It provide the user ad-
ditional text space to describe the experiment. This control
is disabled if the QuikLook Task is configured to input data
from a Vision Data File.
Plot X Axis Label Text Field (G) 60 Characters Maximum. This text is centered horizontally
below the X-Axis and is intended to identify the independ-
ent parameter that that axis represents. The Task will auto-
66
matically adjust this value between "Field (G)" and "Time
(ms)" as data presentation selections are changed in Plot
Filter. Once the Plot Filter selection is finalized, the user
may edit this value as desired. This control is disabled if the
QuikLook Task is configured to input data from a Vision
Data File.
Plot Y Axis Label Text "Polarization 60 Characters Maximum. This text is centered vertically to
(µC/cm2)" the left of the Y-Axis and is intended to identify the de-
pendent parameter that that axis represents. The Task will
automatically adjust this value appropriately as data presen-
tation selections are changed in Plot Filter. Once the Plot
Filter selection is finalized, the user may edit this value as
desired. This control is disabled if the QuikLook Task is
configured to input data from a Vision Data File.
User Self-Prompt Text “” 60 Characters Maximum. The user may specify additional
text to describe the plotted data. This text will appear cen-
tered above the plot region. This text may have a single
User Variable, selected in Parameter to Append to Prompt,
appended to it and may be used to monitor any such User
Variable. This control is disabled if the QuikLook Task is
Data Label Text "M-E 32 Characters Maximum. If the data plot is to include mul-
Response tiple sets of data, this text is used to identify the trace that
Data" represents the measured and filtered data. Multiple traces
may appear if the user chooses to display SENSOR 1
and/or SENSOR 2 data and/or plots the data as a function
of time. This control is disabled if the QuikLook Task is
Parameter to Append List “<<None>>” Any current User Variable is listed in, and may be selected
to Prompt Box from, this control. The value contained in the selected User
Variable will be appended to the User Self-Prompt on the
data presentation dialog. This control is disabled if the
Data File.
X-Axis Option List "Calculated This control allows the user to select the data source for the
Box Field (G) by independent X-Axis value to be plotted. The options in-
Applied clude:
Volts"
"Calculated Field (G) - By Applied Volts": The
software-generated Field profile used to generate
the DRIVE voltage data that serves as input into
the current amplifier. This relates to the intended
field by the specified conversion parameters. It is
theoretically a representation of the actual field.
This option is always available.
"Calculated Field (G) - By Measured Current
(Sensor 1)": The SENSOR 1 data captured from
the CS 2.5 Current Monitor port that represents the
actual current being applied to the Helmholtz coil
input. This option is available if the SENSOR 1
input is enabled and if Plot Sensor 1 if Enabled is
not checked.
"Measured Field (G) - Horizontal (Sensor 2)" The
SENSOR 2 data captured from the horizontal
shield box Hall Effect Sensor. This option is avail-
67
able if the SENSOR 2 input is enabled, if the hori-
zontal HE sensor is selected and if Plot Sensor 2 if
Enabled is not checked.
"Measured Field (G) - Vertical (Sensor 2)" The
SENSOR 2 data captured from the vertical shield
box Hall Effect Sensor. This option is available if
the SENSOR 2 input is enabled, if the vertical HE
sensor is selected and if Plot Sensor 2 if Enabled is
not checked.
The first option is always available and produces the clean-

est signal, but may not relate well to the actual applied
field. The last option will produce the most accurate data,
but is not always available.
This control is disabled if the option selected in the Plot

Filter control specifies "... Vs Time (ms)" as the independ-
ent axis value. If a selection is made that uses a SENSOR
port that is not enabled, the user will be notified and the
selection will be reset to the previous value. This control is
disabled if the QuikLook Task is configured to input data
Plot Filter List “<<None>>” The user may select one of several mathematical manipula-
Box tions that is applied to the data before presentation. The
manipulation is only applied to the plotted data and does
not affect the measured data when they are stored. Each
filter is described in detail in Data Manipulation.
The selection in this control will adjust the text entries in

Plot X Axis Label and Plot Y Axis Label. Selections that
include Time (ms) as the independent value to be plotted
will disable X-Axis Option. Selections that are differential
will enable Subsample Data and Smooth Data. Otherwise
these controls are disabled. This control is disabled if the
Data File.
Subsample Data Check Unchecked If the mathematical manipulation selected in Plot Filter is a
Box derivative of the measured data, the operation will intro-
duce noise. This noise can be mitigated by operating on
data with a larger step between measured points. If there
are 400 or more sample points in the measured data, the
user has the option of reducing the number of data points
by 4X by selecting every fourth point for the data to be
operated on. This control is disabled if the value selected in
Plot Filter is not a derivative. This control is disabled if the
Data File.
Smooth Data Check Unchecked If the mathematical manipulation selected in Plot Filter is a
Box derivative of the measured data, the operation will intro-
duce noise. This option allows the user to mitigate the noise
by passing a 9-point weighted moving average over the
data to smooth them. This control is disabled if the value
selected in Plot Filter is not a derivative. This control is
disabled if the QuikLook Task is configured to input data
68
Plot Sensor 1/2 if En- Check Checked If the specified SENSOR ports are enabled, checking either
abled Box or both of these controls will cause the pertinent SENSOR
data to be plotted, along with the measured or manipulated
data, on the plot as a function of the independent value
specified in X-Axis Option. These controls are disabled if
the associated SENSOR port is not enabled. Plot Sensor 1 if
Enabled is disabled if the X-Axis Option selection is "Cal-
culated Field (G) - By Measured Current" since the SEN-
SOR 1 data is serving as the independent data plotted at the
X-Axis. Similarly Plot Sensor 2 if Enabled is disabled if the
X-Axis Option selection is "Measured Field (G) - Horizon-
tal/Vertical (Sensor 2)". This control is disabled if the
Data File.
Display Tabbed Check Unchecked If this control is unchecked the data will be presented in a
Box "Full" display. In this case the measured data are plotted
and configured and measured parameters are displayed on a
single, large dialog. If this control is checked, the data will
be presented in a "Tabbed" display. Here the plotted data
are shown on the first tab and the configured and measured
parameters are shown on a second tab in a tabbed dialog.
This reduces the size of the dialog for smaller displays such
as laptops. Once data are presented in a "Full" display, the
user can switch to the "Tabbed" display using a button on
the full display dialog. However, if the data are presented in
a "Tabbed" display, the display will persist for all data in all
Measurement Tasks until the tabbed selection in a plot con-
figuration dialog, such as the one being discussed here, is
unchecked. This control is never disabled.
Zero X-Axis Check Checked If the X-Axis Option is "Measured Field (G) - Horizontal
Box (Sensor 2)" or "Measured Field (G) - Vertical (Sensor 2)"
this control is enabled. Otherwise it is disabled. When
checked, the scaled and offset SENSOR 2 data are zeroed
by subtracting the first data point from every data point.
This shifts the data laterally, ensuring that the first meas-
ured value is plotted as a function of 0.0 Gauss. This con-
trol is disabled if the QuikLook Task is configured to input
data from a Vision Data File.
discretion. Intended to allow a detailed description of the
Task.
OK Button Unpressed Close the dialog. Accept the configured Magneto-Electric
Response (CS 2.5) plot values, close the dialog and exe-
cute, if in QuikLook, or plot data if from the DataSet Ar-
chive
Cancel Button Unpressed Close the dialog. Do not execute if in QuikLook. Plot data
if from the DataSet Archive.
69
Tel: 505-842-8007
Fax: 505-842-0366
E – Execution, Archive Regraph and Exporting
E.1 – Execution
On execution, the Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) Task performs a Hysteresis
measurement as its root data-collection procedure. During the measurement the Stop Hys-
teresis Measurement? button will appear.
Figure E.1.1 - Measurement Stop Button.

The execution of a Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) Task is presented for immediate
user review when the Task is executed under QuikLook. Within the execution of a CTD,
the Task must be associated with a Filter in order for its data to be presented visually on
execution. However, once the CTD has been fully executed, the data may be recalled and
displayed for an individual Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) Task from the DataSet
Archive. This is discussed in detail below under Archive Regraph. In either the
QuikLook or the Archive Regraph case the Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) Re-
sponse dialog will open as shown below. The only difference between the two cases is
that the QuikLook dialog will show an unlabeled list box with “Do Not Save”, “Save to
Open DataSet” and “Save to New DataSet” as options. This control is not present in the
archived data presentation.
70
Figure E.1.2 - Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) Task
QuikLook Measurement Results - Full View - Centered Data.
The data presented in this section were all taken on a Radiant Technologies, Inc. standard
thin-film PNZT reference. The reference is 4 mm X 4 mm (0.16 cm2) and 1.0 µm thick.
A 1-Tesla fixed magnet is glued to the reference cantilever with field axis normal to the
surface of the sample. The cantilever is glued to a standard mounting board that is insert-
ed into the shield box thin-film holder. DRIVE and RETURN signals are connected, by
wire, between the mounting board connector pins and the sample top and bottom elec-
trodes. The shield box PC board is rotated to the horizontal position. The sample surface
is parallel to the Helmholtz coil field and fixed magnet field axis is normal to the coil
field. This induces a rotational force on the fixed magnet that applies a flexing force on
the PNZT sample. The sample responds with a charge to ±200 pC as a function of the
71
rotational force induced by ±45 G on the fixed magnet. The sample of Figure 3 is shipped
as a standard reference with all Radiant Technologies, Inc. Magneto-Electric Bundles.
Figure E.1.3 - RTI Thin-Film Reference Sample, Fixed Mag-

net, Mounting Board and Field Orientation.
For researchers using Vision on a laptop or other small display, the data may be presented
in a tabbed dialog of reduced size. The data plot is presented on the first dialog tab and
the text data configuration and measured parameters are presented on the second. The
reduced display can be selected by checking Display Tabbed on the Plot Configuration
dialog tab. Once data are displayed in a full presentation, the display can be switched to a
tabbed presentation by clicking Tabbed View on the data presentation dialog (Figure
E.12). Once a tabbed display is selected it is persistent over all Tasks and between execu-
tions of Vision. To return to a full display, a Task must be configured with Display
Tabbed unchecked.
72
QuikLook Measurement Results - Tabbed View - Plotted Data.
73
QuikLook Measurement Results - Tabbed View - Parameters
Tab.
74
The data shown above are taken from a measurement that did not include Task control of
a second DC Bias field controlled through the Field Bias - 1/2 ports of the CS 2.5. If the
Task is used to control such a field, the DC Field parameters are shown on the full data
presentation dialog, or the parameters tab of the tabbed view.
Figure E.1.6 - Full Data Presentation with DC Bias Field In-

formation.
75
Figure E.1.7 - Tabbed Data Presentation with DC Bias Field
Information.
Normally the unlabeled Error text box will report "Valid Data" as it does in Figure E.1.2
76
,etc. If a measurement error does occur, the unlabeled box will give a brief description in
red, as in Figure E.1.8. The Error Details button will appear. It opens a subdialog that
gives more detail regarding the error including an index and a presentation of remedial
action as in Figure E.1.9. Not all errors will have meaning to the user, but if they persist,
they may be reported to Radiant Technologies, Inc. to aid in debugging.
Figure E.1.8 - Measurement Included an Error Detected by

the Hardware Driver.
77
Figure E.1.9 - Error Detail Subdialog.
The data in the plots presented above show centered Charge (pC) as a function of the di-
rectly-measured field (G) as reported by the shield box thin-film Hall Effect sensors on
the tester's SENSOR 2 port. There are many other options for presenting data. Choices
include:
Adding cursors and annotations to plots

X-Axis representation
Mathematical data manipulation (filtering) before plotting.
All of these options are described at length and in detail in Data Manipulation.
E.2 – Archive Regraph

Once the Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) Task has been executed within a Test Def-
inition, it is stored to the DataSet Archive. It may be recalled from the Archive so that its
configuration may be reviewed. In this way, it is self-documenting. To recall the Task,
open the appropriate DataSet and open the Archive. Select and open the desired Executed
Test Definition (ETD) and then open its "Experiment Data" folder. Double-click on the
78
desired Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) Task.
Figure E.2.1 - Recall the Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5)

Task from the DataSet Archive.
The configuration dialog will appear for configuration review. Most controls will be dis-
abled. Buttons that access subdialogs are enabled so that the subdialogs may be opened
for review. Controls in the subdialogs will be disabled. Task Instructions is available.
Cancel/Plot closes the dialog.
79
Figure E.2.2 - Magneto-Electric Response Task (CS 2.5) Con-
figuration Dialog Recalled from the DataSet Archive.
Once the main configuration dialog is closed, the plot configuration dialog will appear to
allow the plotted data to be configured. Mathematical manipulations, that may be selected
under Plot Filter, are discussed in detail in Data Manipulation.
80
Figure E.2.3 - Archived Data Plot Configuration.
Once the data presentation is configured to the user's needs, Cancel will close the plot
configuration dialog an open the data presentation dialog. Either the "Full" or "Tabbed"
presentation will appear depending on the user's selection or the current default. From the
"Full" view, the user may switch to the "Tabbed" view by clicking Tabbed View. The us-
er can access Admin Info as described immediately below. Data may be exported as de-
scribed in detail, below. Cursors and annotations may be applied to the plotted data as
described in Data Manipulation.
81
Figure E.2.4 - Archived Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5)
Data Recalled from a DataSet Archive.
E.3 - Admin Info
The Admin Info button shown in Figure E.2.4 opens one of two subdialogs. Hardware
Tasks, such as the Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) Task, present the dialog of Fig-
ure E.3.1. Here, the Vision Version and compilation date along with the Task configura-
tion and execution date and time are presented. This information is of minor value to the
user. Hardware Tasks also present Tester Name, Tester Serial Number and Driver Ver-
sion. This information can be useful to RTI in helping the customer troubleshoot prob-
lems with Vision and/or the tester. In the case of high-voltage configurations, an addi-
tional field is presented showing the High-Voltage Interface and Amplifier information.
High-voltage configuration is not available for the Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5)
82
Task.
Figure E.3.1 - Admin Info Subdialog.

E.4 – Test Definition Graph
Figure E.4.1 shows an example of the Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) Task text
output to a Test Definition Graph in "Standard" text mode. Test Definition Graphing is
available by right-clicking in the Editor or DataSet Tab window. Information about the
configuration of the Tasks that make up the Test Definition is presented graphically. See
the discussion in the main Vision help pages under Tutorial IX or the Main Manual Sec-
tion XIII.
Figure E.4.1 - Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) Task Test

Definition Graphing Output.
83
E.5 - Exporting
In order to allow data to be exported from the Task when the Task is recalled from the
DataSet Archive, an Export button appears on the recalled data presentation dialog.
Clicking the button produces the new dialog that appears below. Figure E.5.1 shows the
Export configuration dialog in which the "Export Text" option is selected and the brows-
er button enable. Figure E.5.2 shows the browser dialog that opens when the Browse for
File Name button is clicked.
Figure E.5.1 - Standard Export Dialog in Text Mode. Column

Delimiter and "Export Vision" and Image Options Appear in
Measurement Tasks.
84
Figure E.5.2 - Standard Windows File Browser Dialog.
E.6 – Controls
Control Typ Default Description
e
Select Option List "Print" Select between the "Print", "Export Text", "Export Word" and "Ex-
Box port Excel" options. This control enables the Browse for File Name
button for all selections except the "Print" option.
Line Spacing In- 100 This control appears when Select Option is set to "Print". Otherwise
teger it is hidden. Increasing or decreasing this value will increase or
decrease the vertical spacing of lines on the printed page. Experi-
mentation will fix the value for any given printer.
Left Margin In- 100 This control appears when Select Option is set to "Print". Otherwise
decrease the left start point of text on the printed page. Experimen-
tation will fix the value for any given printer.
Tab Spacing In- 200 This control appears when Select Option is set to "Print". Otherwise
decrease the horizontal spacing of tabbed sections of text on the
printed page. Experi-mentation will fix the value for any given
printer.
Browse for File But- Unpressed This control is enabled for all export options except "Print". For the
Name ton "Export Text" and "Export Vision" options this control must be
selected. For Word and Excel exporting the option is optional. The
browser dialog will appear where a path and file name must be
85
specified for the export output.
File Name Text “” This control is always disabled and cannot be used to specify the
file name or path for Text, Word, Excel or Vision export. Once the
browser is used to select a path and file name, those will be dis-
played in this control for review. Note that a path and file name
MUST be specified for the "Text" and "Vision" export option and
may be specified for "Excel" or "Word".
Header Only Che Checked This control only appears when Select Option is set to "Print" or
ck "Word". Checking this box causes the Task to export all infor-
Box mation except point-by-point data. With the option unchecked
point-by-point data are exported producing long lists of numbers
that may be of limited utility and wasted resources in a paper copy
or Word document.
Column Delimiter List “Tab Assigns the characters or character sequence that is to separate data
Box in text output. This control only appears if "Text" is selected in
Select Option.
Help But- Unpressed Open this help document for review.
ton
OK But- Unpressed Accept the configured export and close the dialog. Exporting will
ton occur when the main data regraph dialog is closed.
Cancel But- Unpressed Close the export dialog. Do not export.
ton
E.7 - Discussion
Data can be exported to one of eight targets:
Printer - Pre-formatted text is sent to the printer when the configuration dialog is
closed. Before printing a printer setup dialog will appear (Figure E.7.2), allowing
printer options to be adjusted. (The appearance of the dialog will vary from user
to user.) With the release of Version 4.1.x, printer text can be formatted from
within Vision by adjusting the Line Spacing, Left Margin and Tab Spacing integer
values (Figure E.7.1). Experimentation will show the proper settings for all ex-
porting to the attached printer. A Header Only control will cause the Task to ex-
port all information except for the point-by-point sample data. These controls are
hidden unless the printer is specified as the target.
86
Figure E.7.1 - Export Configuration Dialog - Printer Option.
Figure E.7.2 - Standard Windows Printer Configuration Dia-

log.
87
Text File - Selecting this option enables the Browse for File Name button. Click-
ing this button will open a standard browser dialog in which a file name and path
must be selected. If the file already exists, the output will be appended to existing
text. An output file name must be specified for this export. Figures E.7.3 and
E.7.4 show a sample of the Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) Task text export.
88
Figure E.7.3 - Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) Task Text
Export Sample - Upper Portion.
89
Figure E.7.4 - Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) Task Text
Export Sample - Lower Portion.
Excel - Selecting this option enables the Browse for File Name button. Clicking
this button will open a standard browser dialog in which a file name and path may
be selected. Specifying a file name is optional. However, if specified, a unique
file name/file path must be created or an overwrite situation will occur. Data are
not appended to existing files. When the configuration dialog is closed, the Excel
program will be started and a spread sheet created. When Excel is closed, the da-
ta will be written to the specified file name, or the user will be prompted to save if
the file is not specified. Office/Excel 2000 or later must be loaded for this op-
tion. Office/Excel is not provided with the tester or Vision software. Figures
E.7.5 through E.7.7 show a sample of the Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5)
Task Excel export.
90
Figure E.7.5 - Sample Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5)
Task Excel Export Output - Upper Portion.
91
Task Excel Export Output - Central Portion.

Task Excel Export Output - Lower Portion.
92
Word - Selecting this option enables the Browse for File Name button. Clicking
this button will open a standard browser dialog in which a file name and path may
be selected. Specifying a file name is optional. The Word program will be opened
and written when the regraph dialogs have been closed. If a new file name is spec-
ified, the document will be saved immediately. If no file name is specified, the
user will be prompted to save the documents when closed. Office/Word 2000 or
later must be loaded for this option. Office/Word is not provided with the
tester or Vision software.
93
Task Word Export Output - Upper Portion. Header-Only is
Unchecked.
94
Task Word Export Output - Central Portion. Header-Only is
Unchecked.
95
Task Word Export Output - Lower Portion. Header-Only is
Unchecked.
Vision Data File - In this option the Task configuration parameters and measured
data are written to a formatted binary file. Subsequent instances of the Magneto-
96
Electric Response (CS 2.5) Task can be configured to import the data from the
file, on execution, rather than making a new measurement. In this way, data can
be moved from one DataSet to another where they can be grouped with other data
and filtered. This utility is demonstrated in Figure E.7.11. Selecting this option
enables the Browse for File Name button. Clicking this button will open a stand-
ard browser dialog in which a file name and path may be selected. Specifying a
file name is required.
Figure E.7.11 - Utility of Vision Data File Exporting.

97
Windows Metafile: This is a vectored Windows image object that is exported di-
rectly by the plot library that is producing the data image in the data presentation
dialog. This export occurs before the data presentation dialog is closed. As a con-
sequence, this export can accompany other exporting in the same instance of data
presentation. A file name is required for this export. The image can be incorpo-
rated into any Microsoft Office program such as Word, as shown in Figure
E.7.12. The image is scalable as needed.
Figure E.7.12 - Windows Metafile Export of the Magneto-

Electric Response (CS 2.5) Data Image Inserted into Microsoft
Word.
JPEG: This is a standard JPEG image that is exported directly by the plot library
that is producing the data image in the data presentation dialog. This export oc-
curs before the data presentation dialog is closed. As a consequence, this export
can accompany other exporting in the same instance of data presentation. A file
name is required for this export.
98
Figure E.7.13 - JPEG Export of the Magneto-Electric Response
(CS 2.5) Data Image.
Bitmap: This is a standard bit-mapped image that is exported directly by the plot
library that is producing the data image in the data presentation dialog. This ex-
port occurs before the data presentation dialog is closed. As a consequence, this
export can accompany other exporting in the same instance of data presentation.
A file name is required for this export.
99
Figure E.7.14 - Bitmap Export of the Magneto-Electric Re-
sponse (CS 2.5) Data Image.
100
Tel: 505-842-8007
Fax: 505-842-0366
F – Data Manipulation
This topic describes actions that the user may take with regard to plotted data. In the first
section, the use of data cursors is presented. The second section shows the addition of
graphic annotations to any plot. These tools apply generally to all Tasks that present data.
The final section provides a more in-depth discussion of mathematical manipulations that
may be performed specifically on the Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) Task data.
These manipulations are performed only on the plotted data and do not affect the meas-
ured or stored values.
F.1 – X-Axis Options

Data are normally presented in the data plot as Charge (pC), Polarization (µC/cm2) or a
mathematical manipulation of either of these as the Y-Axis (vertical axis) as a function of
either Time (ms) or Field (G) along the X-Axis (horizontal axis). The various mathemati-
cal manipulations are selected in the Plot Filter control of the Plot Configuration Dialog.
The Time (ms) representation along the X-Axis is also specified by selecting a Plot Filter
option that include the text "... Vs Time (ms)".
In a basic configuration Polarization (µC/cm2) or Charge (pC) is plotted as a function of

estimated Field (G). In this case, "<<None>>" is selected in Plot Filter and "Calculated
Field (G) - By Applied Volts" is selected in X-Axis Option. The user chooses Polarization
(µC/cm2) or Charge (pC) by unchecking or checking Display Absolute PicoCoulombs in
the main configuration dialog. With the control checked, the Area (cm2) term in the Po-
larization units is forced to 1 x 10-6 cm2, regardless of actual sample size. Thus, the
charge in µC is normalized by 1/µC/pC. With "<<None>>" selected in Plot Filter, no
manipulation of the measured data is performed. With "Calculated Field (G) - By Ap-
plied Volts" selected in X-Axis Option the X-axis is expressed in units of estimated Field
(G) by:
Estimated Field (G) = Actual DRIVE Volts X CS 2.5 Amps/Volt X Helmholtz Coil Field (G)/Amp. (F.1.1)
Here, the "Actual DRIVE" Volts is an exact report of the DRIVE port voltage provided
by the tester. A detailed discussion of the nature of the data plotted in Figure F.1.2 - spe-
cifically dealing with the open nature of the loop - is presented later in this section.
101
Figure F.1.1 - Charge Vs Estimate Field (G) Configuration.
102
Figure F.1.2 - Charge (pC) Vs Estimated Field (G).
When a "... Vs Time (ms)" option is selected in Plot Filter, Polarization (µC/cm2) or
Charge (pC) is plotted as a function of sample time (ms), with 0.0 ms for the first sample
point. To produce this plot, the most-basic selection in Plot Filter is "Polarization Vs
Time (ms)" or "Charge (pC) Vs Time (ms)". With this configuration, at minimum, the
estimated Field (G) Vs Time (ms) of Equation (F.1.1), above, is also plotted in a separate
graph.
103
Figure F.1.3 - Charge (pC) Vs Time (ms) Configuration.
104
Figure F.1.4 - Charge (pC) and Estimated Field (G) Vs Time
(ms).
The Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) can be configured to read voltage data in the
±10.0-Volt range at the SENSOR 1 and/or the SENSOR 2 ports. The SENSOR port volt-
age(s) is/are sampled simultaneously with the RETURN port and the DRIVE voltage
monitor. Either of the SENSOR ports can be selected to provide the X-Axis data. By
convention, the SENSOR 1 input is taken from the CS 2.5 Current Monitor port output.
This is a voltage that is linearly related to the actual current at the Current Output port
with a 1:1 correspondence (1 Volt/Amp). The sensed voltage can then be used to estimate
the Helmholtz field by:
Estimated Field (G) = SENSOR 1 Voltage x 1 Amp / Volt x Helmholtz Coil Field (G)/Amp (F.1.2)
105
Note that, although the SENSOR 1 voltage represents the CS 2.5 current output by con-
vention, the port voltage can be used to collect voltage output by any external instrument
that outputs a voltage that is linearly related to the property being measured and in the
±10.0-Volt range. Properties might include light intensity, temperature, sample displace-
ment, etc. In this case, the SENSOR 1 data would not normally be used to provide the X-
Axis.
Charge (pC) Vs Current-Estimated Field (G) is configured in Figure F.1.5 and shown in
Figure F.1.6. Once again the data show an opening between the positive-going and nega-
tive-going legs of the measurement. This will be discussed below.
Figure F.1.5 - Charge (pC) Vs Current-Estimated Field (G)

Configuration.
106
Figure F.1.6 - Charge (pC) Vs Current-Estimated Field (G).
If the data are plotted as a function of Time (ms), the user may opt to plot the SENSOR 1
data in a third window. The SENSOR 1 data may also be plotted in a separate window if
the measured data are plotted as a function of some other derivation of Field (G), such as
that of Figures F.1.1 and F.1.2. Note that a separate plotting would be the normal presen-
tation if the SENSOR 1 data represent something other than current.
107
Figure F.1.7 - Configure Plot to Show SENSER 1 in a Separate
Plot.
108
Figure F.1.8 - Charge (pC) Vs Time (ms). Estimated Field (G)
by DRIVE is the Center Plot. CS 2.5 Current Output is the
Bottom Plot.
The SENSOR 2 port, by convention, collects the direct output of a magnetic field detec-
tor. As with the SENSOR 1 port, the user may use SENSOR 2 to represent any value
measured by any external instrument. The Gauss detector may be the rear-panel output of
the Lakeshore 425 Gaussmeter. However, if a Radiant Technologies, Inc. shield box is
used, the wand of the Lakeshore 425 cannot be placed into the position of the sample in
the experiment. If bulk samples are being measured, the user should choose some other
representation of the X-Axis. However, for thin-film samples, the Shield Box Thin-Film
Sample Mount includes two Hall Effect sensors that are mounted at 90° to each other.
The Hall-Effect sensor to be used depends on the sample orientation and is selected in the
109
SENSOR 2 configuration subdialog of the main menu. Selecting the HE sensor in this
menu switches the sensor whose voltage output is captured at the SENSOR 2 port. The
Field (G)/Volt scaling of the HE sensor output is calibrated before shipment and can be
read directly from the Mounting Board EEPROM by clicking Load Scale/Offset From
Shield Box after selecting either Measure Field Perpendicular to the PC Board Face or
Measure Field Parallel to the PC Board Face.
Figure F.1.9 - Hall Effect (HE) Sensor Selection and Calibra-

tion Recovery.
110
SENSOR 2 data can be used to represent the directly-measured Field (G) as the X Axis.
The enabled Hall-Effect sensor must be selected in X-Axis Option.
Figure F.1.10 - Charge (pC) Vs Directly-Measured (SENSOR

2) Field (G) Configuration.
111
Figure F.1.11 - Charge (pC) Vs Directly-Measured (SENSOR
2) Field (G).
If the measured data are to be plotted as a function of Time (ms) or of some other esti-
mate of Field (G), the SENSOR 2 data may be plotted in a separate display.
112
Figure F.1.12 - Configuring SENSOR 2 Data Display in a Sep-
arate Window.
113
Figure F.1.13 - Charge (pC) Vs Current-Estimated Field (G).
SENSOR 2 Data are Displayed in the Lower Window.
There are two things to note about the Charge (pC) Vs Directly-Measured Field (G) of
Figure F.1.11.
The data are noisy in the X-Axis (horizontal) direction.

The data do not show a separation between the positive-going and negative-going
measurement directions.
Note that the second observation is unrelated to the first. The horizontal noise is a result
of the use of high-gain Hall Effect sensors that typically measure Fields in the hundreds
of Gauss. The signals being measured, here, are in the tens of Gauss and are low relative
114
to the noise threshold of the sensors. This is a physical property of the sensors and cannot
be further addressed in software or in this documentation. The intent is to replace these
elements with high-resolution/lower-field sensors in the future.
The second observation is a result of the physical characteristic of the Helmholtz coil.
The coil is producing a changing field (G) as a function of a changing input current, over
the period of the test. The coil acts as an inductor - similar to a solenoid - to produce the
magnetic field. However, the equivalent circuit of the coil is complex. Because of capaci-
tance between the coils of wire in the Helmholtz coil, the field output lags the current
output of the CS 2.5. This is evident in the gap in the data as seen in Figures F.1.2, F.1.6
and (less evident) F.1.13. The faster the measurement the more-pronounced the lag time
becomes. Figure 14 shows vertical slices of the various signals as a function of Time (ms)
for a 500.0 ms measurement. The top signal is the measured Charge (pC). It lines up with
the directly-measured Hall Effect sensor output. However, these peaks are delay from the
DRIVE-derived and Current-derived (SENSOR 1) estimates of the field (G).
115
Figure F.1.14 - Field (G)/Current (A) Lag at 500.0 ms Period.
116
Figure F.1.15 - Charge (pC) Vs Current-Estimated Field (G) at
10,000 ms.
F.2 – Cursors
The Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) QuikLook/Regraph plot dialog is able to dis-
play and track cursors. In the full data presentation dialog a menu facilitates the use of the
cursors. The first figure shows the Cursors menu in which the type of cursor is selected.
Five types are available as discussed below.
117
Figure F.2.1 - Plot Cursors Selection Menu.
The next figure shows the Data Reporting menu options. This is used to determine the
type of data that are to be numerically displayed in the upper left corner. The display re-
flects the current position of the cursor. There may be no display, X-Data only, Y-Data
only or both X- and Y-Data.
118
Figure F.2.2 - Plot Cursors Data Menu.
The types of cursor display include...
No Cursor - There are no symbols or lines displayed on the plot. The numerical
display remains frozen at the last reported cursor point.
Mouse Cursor - This is the default cursor display. No lines or symbols appear on
the plot. The numerical display reflects the mouse position within the plot relative
to the plot axes. The position is reported regardless of the location of the mouse
on the plot. The mouse need not relate to the plotted data in any way. Mouse posi-
tion cursors are shown in Figures F.2.1 and F.2.2.
Vertical Only - A vertical line appears at the current cursor position. The cursor
follows the plotted data. As the cursor moves along the data the X-position of the
119
vertical line will change. The numerical display may report both the X and Y po-
sition of the cursor, but there is no visible indicator of the Y-position. This cursor
option is not practical for the standard Hysteresis plot representation.
Figure F.2.3 - Vertical Data Cursors.

Crosshairs - A vertical line crosses the plotted data at the X-position of the cur-
rent cursor location. A horizontal line crossed the plotted data at the Y position.
As the cursor is moved through the data, the positions of both the vertical and hor-
izontal lines are adjusted to reflect the currently selected plotted point.
120
Figure F.2.4 - Crosshair Data Cursors.
Point - A single square point is centered in X and Y on the currently selected cur-
sor point. As the cursor is moved along the plotted data, the point adjusts its X-
and Y-position.
121
Figure F.2.5 - Point Data Cursors.
In the tabbed display, the cursors are controlled by using drop-down controls on the dia-
log, since menus are not available.
122
Figure F.2.6 - Drop-Down Cursor Menu Access in Tabbed Da-
ta Display.
123
F.3 – Annotations
Data plots for all Measurement Tasks may now include annotations. Annotations include:
Lines
Ellipses
Rectangles
Text
Symbols
Symbols with Text
Annotations may be of varying types, sizes and colors, all under user control. Annota-
tions in QuikLook plots may be useful if the user is performing screen capture of the plot,
but will not persist, once the plot is closed. Annotations associated with data recalled
from a DataSet Archive, however, are persistent and will reappear if the Task is again
recalled from the Archive.
Formatting Annotations
In the "Full" data presentation dialog annotations are formatted through a series of nested
menu items. With one exception, existing annotations cannot be reformatted. The format-
ting selected in the menu system will apply to all subsequently-inserted annotations until
the formatting is changed. The exception is that a change in text size will apply to all text,
including existing annotations.
To format an annotation type, select Configure Annotations->... from the menu. Note that
line type configurations apply to lines, rectangles and ellipses.
124
Figure F.3.1 - Annotation Formatting Example - Set Line Type
to Thick Solid.
Annotation actions (and sometimes instructions) appear in the Annotation text box on the
dialog.
Figure F.3.2 - Annotation Action is Echoed in the Annotation

Control.
125
All annotation types can have their color independently set. The options are Black, Blue,
Red, Green and Yellow. A custom option is also available that will open the dialog of
Figure F.3.3 and that allows any possible color to be specified.
Figure F.3.3 - Custom Color Option.

In the "Tabbed" data presentation, annotations are accessed through drop-down list con-
trols in a subdialog accessed through the Format Annotations control.
126
Figure F.3.4 - Tabbed Annotation Modification.
127
Adding Annotations
The adding of an annotation is initiated in the Full data presentation by the "Add xxx"
selection in the Add Annotation menu. Here "xxx" may be "Line", "Text", "Rectangle",
"Ellipse", "Symbol (With Text)" and "Symbol (No Text)". A "Reset" option clears the
display of all existing annotations.
Lines, Rectangles and Ellipses are inserted by clicking in the plot area at two separated
points. (An additional initial click that within the plot area, to select the plot area, may be
necessary for the first annotation added.) The two points represent the opposite corners -
upper left and lower right or upper right and lower left - of a box that defines the limits of
the annotation.
128
Figure F.3.5 - Adding an Ellipse.
129
A symbol, a symbol with text or text is added by clicking the point at which the annota-
tion is to be placed. If the annotation includes text, a text input control will appear in a
subdialog. The user may add up to 48 characters to place on the plot. Note that text is dif-
ficult to position. It should usually be added first, so that it can be deleted using the "Re-
set" command, without deleting other annotations.
130
Figure F.3.6 - Adding an Symbol with Text.
131
In the Tabbed view, the annotations are initiated using the appropriate button.
Figure F.3.7 - Tabbed View Annotation Initiation Buttons.

F.4 - Manipulating Data - Filtering and Plotting Options
Measurement Tasks normally plot only the measured values, without allowing any
changes to them. This is in keeping with the Radiant Technologies philosophy of not dis-
turbing original data. Normally, in order to manipulate data, the Measurement Task
would need to be programmed into a Test Definition that included Filter Tasks to perform
the operations on the data. For the Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) Task measure-
ment, Task-specific data manipulations, called "Filters" are available in the plot configu-
ration dialog for either QuikLook or DataSet Archive data recall. These manipulations
are performed only on the plotted data. The actual measured data remain as measured.
The default Filter is labeled "<<None>>" and performs no manipulation of the measured
data before plotting. The data manipulation details and theory are presented, item-by-
item, below.
Figure F.4.1 - The Data Manipulation Selection Control in the

Plot Configuration Tab.
Centering - Polarization is a relative value that requires a reference value. There
is no such reference for the measured Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) values.
Instead, the first sample point is arbitrarily considered to be 0.0 µC/cm2. All other
measured values use this as a reference. A normal non-linear positive Magneto-
Electric Response (CS 2.5) loop will appear to have primarily positive polariza-
tion. Centering is performed by subtracting the average of the polarization at the
maximum positive and negative field values from every Magneto-Electric Re-
132
sponse (CS 2.5) point. This has the effect of shifting the Magneto-Electric Re-
sponse (CS 2,5) loop down (for positive initial field) and centering it vertically
about the X (Field) axis. Most Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) data are re-
ported this way. Even when the centering filter is disabled, centering occurs in or-
der to accurately compute and report ±Vc and ±Pr. The Offset (µC/cm2) value dis-
cussed throughout these help pages refers to the value that is subtracted to center
the loop. The figures below compare two identical measurements, one uncentered
and one centered. The grid option has been enabled to emphasize the difference.
The example response is very symmetric and linear so there is little difference be-
tween the two plots. The same manipulation is available for Charge (pC) data.
Figure F.4.2 - Uncentered Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5)

Data.
133
Figure F.4.2 - Centered Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5)
Data.
Note that the data represented in these figures are inversely related to the applied
Field (G). The direction of the sample charge response depends on the sample's
polarization state. In this case, where the sample is influenced indirectly by the
magnetic field using a fixed magnet glued to the sample, the magnetic polarity of
the fixed magnet will also factor in the sign of the sample response.
Magneto-Electric Polarization ( P/ Field) Vs Field - In this filter the polariza-

tion is numerically differentiated with respect to field at each point. Figure F.4.4
shows the results of this calculation. Since numerical differentiation is a very
noisy operation, the data may be subsampled and/or smoothed to reduce the noise.
For Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) measurements of greater than 400
points, only every fourth sample points appears in the calculation, if subsampled.
The value at any given sample point is given by:
(F.4.1)
The subsampling process is shown in Figure F.4.3.
134
Figure F.4.3 - Subsampling Example Data.
The figure slightly misrepresents the process. At 400 sample points or more, the
points are so close together that the subsampling does not produce the degree of
loss of resolution that appears in the Figure. Although resolution is lost, the shape
of the polarization curve is faithfully maintained.
The results of this calculation may be smoothed using a 9-Point weighted moving
average. The weights of the average have been taken from the Savitzky-Golay1
optimal weight table for an average of this size. The weight coefficients are:
x 0.417
x±1 0.315
x±2 0.070
1
Savitzky-Golay Smoothing Filter, Numerical Recipes in C, 2nd Ed., W. Press, S. Teukolsky, W.
Vetterling and B. Flannery, Cambridge Press, 1992, pp. 650-655.
135
x±3 -0.128
x±4 0.035
So that:
(F.4.2)
The generalization of (F.4.2) is modified within 4 points of the endpoints by elim-

inating the terms that include points that do not exist. For example, for x = 3,
Valuex-3 and Valuex-4 do not exist and are removed from the calculation.
The data displayed in Figure 4.4 have not been subsampled or smoothed.
Figure F.4.4 - Magneto-Electric Coefficient - P/ B.

Normalized Capacitance Vs Voltage - This process is identical to the Capaci-
tance Vs Voltage manipulation except that the computed value is divided by the
Area (cm2) to normalize the calculation and allow the direct comparison of capac-
itors of varying sizes.
136
(F.4.3)
Notice that the plot shows a scaled version of the previous data.
Figure F.4.5 - Normalized Magneto-Electric Coefficient -

P/( B x Area (cm2)).
Polarization Vs Time (ms) - This data representation was discussed extensively
in the first section of this page. This is not a filter in the sense that it manipulates
the data. Instead it is an alternative method of displaying the unprocessed data. In
this case, two plots are generated with a common X-Axis. X is given as Time
(ms). Both the magnetic field and the polarization response are plotted as inde-
pendent functions of time, rather than as functions of each other. Figure F.4.6
shows an example of the data when uncentered. Figure F.4.7 is a sample of cen-
tered Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) data plotted Vs Time (ms).
137
Figure F.4.6 - Uncentered Magneto-Electric Response Polari-
zation (µC/cm2) Data Plotted Vs Time (ms).
Figure F.4.7 - Centered Magneto-Electric Response Polariza-

tion (µC/cm2) Data Plotted Vs Time (ms).
138
Capacitance (nF) Vs Time - The computed derivative Capacitance of Figure
F.4.5 can be plotted as a function of time as well. This is shown in Figure F.4.8.
Figure F.4.8 shows data that are subsampled and smoothed. The data of Figure
F.4.5 did not have the noise reduction replied.
Figure F.4.8 - Magneto-Electric Coefficient - P/ B Vs Time

(ms).
The normalized data of Figure F.4.9 have been smoothed, but are not subsam-
pled.
139
Figure F.4.9 – Normalized Magneto-Electric Coefficient -
P/ B Vs Time (ms).
Charge Data - The final three filter options replace the polarization presentations
of: Figures F.4.2, F.4.3 and F.4.7 with versions of the data scaled by sample area.
This presents charge data given by:
Charge (µC) = Polarization (µC/cm2) X Area (cm2). (F.4.4)
The plot options include Charge Vs Field, Centered Charge Vs Field and Cen-
tered Charge and Applied Field Vs Time.
140
Figure F.4.10 – Charge (µC) Vs Field (G).
Figure F.4.11 – Centered Charge (µC) Vs Field (G).
141
Figure F.4.12 – Centered Charge (µC) Vs Time (ms).
142
Tel: 505-842-8007
Fax: 505-842-0366
G – User Variables
M-E Response (CS Real Polarization (µC/cm2) - The measured polarization at the maximum ap-
2.5)::PMax plied field.
M-E Response (CS Real Field at which the measured polarization changes from negative to posi-
2.5): Vc tive.
M-E Response (CS Real Field at which the measured polarization changes from positive to nega-
2.5): -Vc tive.
M-E Response (CS Real Polarization (µC/cm2) - The polarization value of the sample at zero
2.5): Pr (µC/cm2) field when the applied field is switching from positive to negative.
M-E Response: (CS Real Polarization (µC/cm2) - The polarization value of the sample at zero
2.5): -Pr (µC/cm2) field when the applied field is switching from negative to positive.
M-E Response (CS Real Polarization (µC/cm2) – The average of the measured polarization val-
2.5): Offset (G) ues at ±maximum drive voltage. This value is subtracted from every
measured point to center the plotted Magneto-Electric loop about the
field axis..
M-E Response (CS Real Time (ms). The duration (1000/frequency (Hz)) of the most-recently
2.5):: Current Peri- executed Magneto-Electric Response Task measurement. This value can
od (ms) change over the course of Test Definition execution if the period is pro-
grammed to be adjusted in a Branch Loop.
M-E Response (CS Real The maximum variable Helmholtz coil field of the most-recently exe-
2.5):: Current Field cuted Magneto-Electric Response Task measurement. This value can
(G) change over the course of Test Definition execution if the voltage is
programmed to be adjusted in a Branch Loop.
M-E Response (CS Real The voltage applied to the tester DRIVE port to produce the field speci-
2.5): Max Applied fied in M-E Response (CS 2.5):: Current Field (G).
Volts
M-E Response (CS Integer If the user specifies a DC Field driven by the I 2C DAC, this is the actual
2.5): Actual Ramp number of steps used to reach the current DC field. This may be reduced
Steps from the number specified by the user if the delay between specified
steps is too short for the specifications. This value has no meaning if the
DC field is not enabled.
M-E Response (CS Real The maximum DC field, if DC field is enabled, of the most-recently
2.5): Current DC executed Magneto-Electric Response Task measurement. This value can
Field (G) change over the course of Test Definition execution if the voltage is
programmed to be adjusted in a Branch Loop. This value has no mean-
ing if the DC field is not enabled.
M-E Response (CS Real The voltage applied by the I2C DAC to produce the currently-assigned
2.5): Max. DC I2C DC field value, if DC Field is enabled. This value has no meaning if the
Volts DC field is not enabled.
M-E Response (CS Real The maximum capacitance derived from the maximum measured polari-
2.5): CMax-Eff (nF) zation (PMax) by:
(PMax x Area (cm2))/ Max. Applied Volts

M-E Response (CS Real This is the average of the measured sample response at the positive and
2.5): Vertical Shift negative zero field (G) crossing.
M-E Response (CS Real This is the average of the applied positive and negative magnetic field
2.5): Horizontal (G) values at the points at which the data crosses the field (G) (Horizon-
Shift tal) axis.
In Parallel with all other Hardware Tasks.
143
Drive Channel Integer 0-48. Multiplexer channel selected for the DRIVE Signal.
Drive Port Integer 1 or 2. The DB-25 connector to which the DRIVE Signal Multiplexer is
connected, if the DRIVE Channel value is not zero.
Return Channel Integer 0-48. Multiplexer channel selected for the RETURN Signal.
Return Port Integer 1 or 2. The DB-25 connector to which the RETURN Signal Multiplexer
is connected, if the RETURN Channel value is not zero.
Area Real In cm2. Sample electrode area.
Thickness Real In µm. Sample ferroelectric thickness.
Drive Voltage Real The maximum absolute voltage to be applied during signal generation
Die Row Integer Y-Axis position of the sample die on the wafer
Die Column Integer X-Axis position of the sample die on the wafer
Capacitor ID Integer An integer intended to uniquely identify the capacitor under test.
Sample ID Text 24 Characters maximum. A text description of the test sample.
Lot ID Text 12 Characters maximum. A text description identifying the test lot.
Wafer ID Text 12 Characters maximum. A text description identifying the test wafer.
Hardware: Error Integer An index indicating any error detected by the hardware driver during the
measurement.
Hardware: Present Boolean Indicates if the hardware driver has been detected and if that driver suc-
cessfully communicates with the hardware. If "false", the Task substi-
tutes meaningless synthetic data.
In Parallel with all other Measurement Tasks
User Vision Data Boolean Flag to indicate if the Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) Task execu-
File tion measures data directly (false) or reads data from a Vision Data File
(true).
Vision Data File Text For Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) Task executions that read data
Name from a Vision Data File, this is the name of the input file.
Task Name from a Vision Data File, this is the name of the Magneto-Electric Re-
sponse (CS 2.5) Task that exported the file.
Comments from a Vision Data File, this is the Comments text associated with the
Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) Task that exported the file.
144
Tel: 505-842-8007
Fax: 505-842-0366
H - Change and Version Record
Version 5.6.1 – 8 May 2015
1. Initial Release. 8 May 2015 - SPC.
145

VII. Tasks - D. Measurement - 15. Magneto-Electric (CS 2.5) Tasks - I - M.E. Response (CS 2.5)

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VII. Tasks - D. Measurement - 15. Magneto-Electric (CS 2.5) Tasks - I - M.E. Response (CS 2.5)

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Radiant Technologies, Inc.

2835D Pan American Freeway NE

Magneto-Electric (Kepco) QuikLook: QuikLook->Magneto-Electric Tasks-

Figure A.1.1 - Basic Magneto-Electric Response Experimental

In this experiment the user specifies:

Field profile (discussed below).

Figure A.1.2 - Basic Magneto-Electric Response Experimental

In a more-advanced experimental configuration, a pair of DC-Field electromagnets is

Figure A.1.3 - Advance Experimental Configuration with DC

The maximum DC Field (G)

Figure 4 - Electromagnetic Response Experimental Configura-

Figure A.1.5 - Shield Box Thin-Film Sample Mount with Hall

Figure A.1.7 - Shield Box with Thin-Film Sample Mount - Top

Figure A.1.8 - Shield Box with Bulk-Film Sample Mount - Side

A.2 - The Radiant CS 2.5 Current Source

Figure A.2.1 - CS 2.5 Front Panel.

Figure A.2.2 - CS 2.5 Rear Panel.

Figure A.3.1 - Program Parameters.

A) For a user-specified maximum field of 30.0 G, with a Amps/Field gain of 0.037

30.0 G X 0.037 Amps/G X -1.75 Volts/Amp = -1.94 Volts.

B) For a user-specified maximum field of 30.0 G, with a Amps/Field gain of 0.037

A.4 - Field Profiles

A.5 - Custom Field Profile

Figure A.5.1 - Sample Custom Field Profile Input Text File.

File Creation Rules:

1) The file must be in ASCII text

Multiple Waveforms from a Single File

1) Find maximum absolute field in file

Creating a File in Vision

A.6 - Create File? Dialog Controls

B.1 - Setup Dialog

Figure B.1.1 Access the Main Magneto-Electric Response (CS

Voltsi = Fieldi X 1/Field (G)/Amp Ratio X 1/Current Amplifier Amps/Volt X 1/Geometry

Field Bias - x Volts = Max. DC Field X 1/DC Field/Volt Ratio (B.2.2)

Figure B.2.1 - Task Parameters as Related to Physical Mean-

Profile Format page. This is item in Figure B.2.1.

The ramp to the final DC Field value of Max. DC Field is

Checking this box enables Max DC Field, DC Volts/Field

checked. This is item in Figure B.2.1. This control is

This is item in Figure B.2.1. This control is disabled

unchecked. This is item in Figure B.2.1. This control

unchecked. This is item in Figure B.2.1. This control

plied Volts and Max. Applied Current. This is item in

Volts = Field X 1/Field/Current Ratio X 1/Amps/Volt Ratio

The Amps/Volt Ratio is the gain factor of the current am-

Max. Applied Current. This is item in Figure B.2.1.

Volts = Field X 1/Field/Current Ratio X 1/Amps/Volt Ratio

The Field/Current Ratio is the current required by the

Applied Volts and Max. Applied Current. This is item

This is item in Figure B.2.1. This control is read-only

Max Applied Volts =

This value is recomputed whenever there is any change in

Max Applied Current =

This value is recomputed whenever there is any change in

Figure B.4.1 – Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5) Parameter

B.7 - Sample Identifying Information

Figure B.7.1 - Sample Documentation Subdialog.

B.9 – Sensor Configuration

Figure B.9.1 - SENSOR 1 Configuration Subdialog.

Figure B.9.2 - Physical Location of the Hall Effect Sensors and

Name Type Default Description

C.1 - Setup Dialog

Figure C.1.1 – Access the Magneto-Electric Response (CS 2.5)