Underground Mining Equipment

MMC 502
Unit - 4

Belt Conveyor
Instructor: Dr. Ajit Kumar

Department of Mining Machinery

Engineering 30-09-2021

IIT (ISM) Dhanbad

CONTENT
 Introduction
 Main elements of belt conveyor
 Aspects of belt conveyor design
 Working of belt conveyor
 Advantages of belt conveyor
 Disadvantages of belt conveyor
 Maintenance procedures
 Bibliography
 INTRODUCTION

 A belt conveyor is rubber or textile

structure with a belt shape closed ring,
with a vulcanized or metallic joint, used
for material transportation.
 Belt conveyors are the most used for
transport of solid objects and bulk
materials at great speed, covering
great distances (up to 30 km)
 A belt conveyor is a bulk material
handling equipment. It transports bulk
materials over long distances and over
terrains requiring a wide range of paths
of travel.
MAIN ELEMENTS OF BELT CONVEYOR

1. BELT MATERIAL 2. IDLERS(ROLLERS) 3. DRIVING

ARRANGEMENT

4. TENSIONING 5. HOLD BACK 6. CLEARING DEVICE

ARRANGEMENT
 BELT CONSTRUCTION
Conveyor belts generally are composed of three main components:
1. Carcass
2. Skims
3. Covers

There are two types of belt available:

1. Rubber belt
2. Steel Cord
 IDLERS (ROLLERS)

The idlers (Rollers), which form the

supports for the carrying and return
stands of the belt.
 TYPES OF IDLERS

TYPES OF CARRYING IDLERS

DRIVING ARRANGEMENT
HOLD BACK

 Inclined conveyors require an anti-runback device to prevent reverse

movement of the belts. Such a device is referred to as a backstop, or
holdback.
 Though backstops are most likely to be found on inclined conveyors, they
are also employed on flat, overland conveyors to avoid the unusually
severe shock loading on start-up where the loaded belt sags between
idlers.
 Without a backstop, a reversing conveyor can rapidly accelerate to a
runaway condition, which can kill or injure personnel, damage or destroy
drive train components, tear or rip expensive belting, or cause considerable
other damage.

 Backstops can be classified either for :

i) low-speed ii) high-speed use.
 BACKSTOP DESIGN TYPES

 There are three basic backstop designs that are or have been used to
prevent anti-runback throughout the many years of conveying materials:

1. Rachet and pawl

2. Differential handbrake and
3. The over-running clutch design
 Design of a Conveyor Belt
ASPECTS OF BELT CONVEYOR DESIGN

 CHECKING/DETERMINING CAPACITY OF A BELT

CONVEYOR
 CALCULATING MAX. BELT TENSION REQUIRED TO
CONVEY THE LOAD
 BELT SELECTION
 SELECTION OF DRIVING PULLEY
 DETERMINATION OF MOTOR POWER
 SELECTION OF IDLERS AND ITS SPACING
CAPACITY OF BELT CONVEYOR


MAXIMUM BELT TENSION

PULLEY DIAMETER SELECTION
 Pulley diameter depends on thickness of belts used or for surface
installation no. of plies used in belt.
Pulley diameter (Dp) = K×i
where,
i- no. of plies (2-12) or thickness in mm.
K- 120-150 for stationary surface conveying,
80-100 for main trunk conveying
65-80 for gate conveyor
50-65 for tail drive
 Design of Belt Conveyor

Belt pulleys

D = 360 Fe / π α B µ p

D = Diameter of a drive pulley

Fe= The corresponding effective tension, KN
α = angle of wrap, radians
B = belt width,
µ = coefficient of friction
P= pressure of belt against the pulley (16 - 60 KN/m2)
 POWER REQUIREMENT

 Design of Belt Conveyor

Belt configuration

 belt width
 belt construction
 types of idlers

Advantage of deep idlers

• spillage is eliminated
• increase in carrying capacity
• reduced belt width for a given tonnage
 Design of Belt Conveyor

Idlers Spacing

Bulk wt (t/m3) Belt width (mm)

400 500 650 800 1000
<1 1500 1500 1400 1400 1300
1-2 1400 1400 1300 1300 1200
>2 1300 1300 1200 1200 1100
BIBLIOGRAPHY
 Material handling handbook vol.2 by Raymond A. Kulwiec
 Mechanics of bulk material handling by Norman Brook
 www.conveyorsystemmanufacturer.com
 www.Wikipedia.com
104

30-09-2021