IMAN, ISLAM

AND IHSAN
Introduction to the Deen of
Islam

Instructor: Mariam Tameezuddin

HADITH-E-
JIBRAEL
My father, Umar ibn al-Khattab, told me: One day we were sitting in the company of Allah's Apostle (peace be
upon him) when there appeared before us a man dressed in pure white clothes, his hair extraordinarily black.
There were no signs of travel on him. None amongst us recognized him. At last he sat with the Apostle (peace
be upon him) He knelt before him placed his palms on his thighs and said: Muhammad, inform me about
al-Islam. The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: Al-Islam implies that you testify that there is no god
but Allah and that Muhammad is the messenger of Allah, and you establish prayer, pay Zakat, observe the fast
of Ramadan, and perform pilgrimage to the (House) if you are solvent enough (to bear the expense of) the
journey. He (the inquirer) said: You have told the truth. He (Umar ibn al-Khattab) said: It amazed us that he
would put the question and then he would himself verify the truth. He (the inquirer) said: Inform me about
Iman(faith). He (the Holy Prophet) replied: That you affirm your faith in Allah, in His angels, in His Books, in His
Apostles, in the Day of Judgment, and you affirm your faith in the Divine Decree about good and evil. He (the
inquirer) said: You have told the truth. He (the inquirer) again said: Inform me about al-Ihsan(performance of
good deeds). He (the Holy Prophet) said: That you worship Allah as if you are seeing Him, for though you don't
see Him, He, verily, sees you. He (the enquirer) again said: Inform me about the hour (of the Doom). He (the Holy
Prophet) remarked: One who is asked knows no more than the one who is inquiring (about it). He (the inquirer)
said: Tell me some of its indications. He (the Holy Prophet) said: That the slave-girl will give birth to her mistress
and master, that you will find barefooted, destitute goat-herds vying with one another in the construction of
magnificent buildings. He (the narrator, Umar ibn al-Khattab) said: Then he (the inquirer) went on his way but I
stayed with him (the Holy Prophet) for a long while. He then, said to me: Umar, do you know who this inquirer
was? I replied: Allah and His Apostle knows best. He (the Holy Prophet) remarked: He was Gabriel (the angel).
He came to you in order to instruct you in matters of religion.
Mariam Tameezuddin
 ‫ﷲُ َﻋﻠَ ْﯿ ِﮫ َو َﺳﻠﱠ َﻢ ذَاتَ ﯾَﻮْ مٍ إِ ْذ طَﻠَ َﻊ َﻋﻠَ ْﯿﻨَﺎ َر ُﺟ ٌﻞ َﺷﺪِﯾ ُﺪ‬ ‫ﺻﻠﱠﻰ ﱠ‬ ‫ﷲِ َ‬ ‫ب ﻗَﺎ َل ﺑَ ْﯿﻨَﻤَﺎ ﻧَﺤْ ﻦُ ِﻋ ْﻨ َﺪ َرﺳُﻮلِ ﱠ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ ُﻋﻤَﺮ ﺑْﻦ ا ْﻟ َﺨﻄﱠﺎ ِ‬
‫ﷲُ َﻋﻠَ ْﯿ ِﮫ‬ ‫ﺻﻠﱠﻰ ﱠ‬ ‫ب َﺷﺪِﯾ ُﺪ َﺳﻮَا ِد اﻟ ﱠﺸ َﻌ ِﺮ َﻻ ﯾُﺮَى َﻋﻠَ ْﯿ ِﮫ أَﺛَ ُﺮ اﻟ ﱠﺴﻔَ ِﺮ و ََﻻ ﯾَ ْﻌ ِﺮﻓُﮫُ ِﻣﻨﱠﺎ أَ َﺣ ٌﺪ َﺣﺘﱠﻰ َﺟﻠَﺲَ إِﻟَﻰ اﻟﻨﱠﺒِﻲﱢ َ‬ ‫ض اﻟﺜﱢﯿَﺎ ِ‬ ‫ﺑَﯿَﺎ ِ‬
‫ﷲِ‬ ‫اﻹﺳ َْﻼمِ ﻓَﻘَﺎ َل َرﺳُﻮ ُل ﱠ‬ ‫ﺿ َﻊ َﻛﻔﱠ ْﯿ ِﮫ َﻋﻠَﻰ ﻓَﺨِ َﺬ ْﯾ ِﮫ َوﻗَﺎ َل ﯾَﺎ ُﻣ َﺤ ﱠﻤ ُﺪ أَﺧْ ﺒِﺮْ ﻧِﻲ ﻋَﻦْ ْ ِ‬ ‫َو َﺳﻠﱠ َﻢ ﻓَﺄ َ ْﺳﻨَ َﺪ ُر ْﻛﺒَﺘَ ْﯿ ِﮫ إِﻟَﻰ ُر ْﻛﺒَﺘَ ْﯿ ِﮫ َو َو َ‬
‫ﺳﻠﱠ َﻢ َوﺗُﻘِﯿ َﻢ‬
‫ﷲُ َﻋﻠَ ْﯿ ِﮫ َو َ‬
‫ﺻﻠﱠﻰ ﱠ‬ ‫ﷲِ َ‬ ‫ﷲُ َوأَنﱠ ﻣُﺤَ ﱠﻤﺪًا َرﺳُﻮ ُل ﱠ‬ ‫ﺸ َﮭ َﺪ أَنْ َﻻ إِﻟَﮫَ إ ﱠِﻻ ﱠ‬ ‫اﻹﺳ َْﻼ ُم أَنْ ﺗَ ْ‬ ‫ﷲُ َﻋﻠَ ْﯿ ِﮫ َو َﺳﻠﱠ َﻢ ْ ِ‬ ‫ﺻﻠﱠﻰ ﱠ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ﺻ َﺪﻗْﺖَ ﻗَﺎ َل ﻓَﻌَﺠِ ْﺒﻨَﺎ ﻟَﮫُ ﯾَ ْﺴﺄَﻟُﮫُ‬ ‫ِﯿﻼ ﻗَﺎ َل َ‬ ‫ﺳﺒ ً‬ ‫ﺳﺘَﻄَﻌْﺖَ إِﻟَ ْﯿ ِﮫ َ‬ ‫اﻟﺼ َﱠﻼةَ َوﺗُﺆْ ﺗِ َﻲ اﻟ ﱠﺰﻛَﺎةَ َوﺗَﺼُﻮ َم َر َﻣﻀَﺎنَ َوﺗَﺤُ ﺞﱠ ا ْﻟﺒَﯿْﺖَ إِنْ ا ْ‬
‫ﺳﻠِ ِﮫ وَا ْﻟﯿَﻮْ مِ ْاﻵﺧِ ِﺮ َوﺗُﺆْ ﻣِﻦَ ﺑِﺎ ْﻟﻘَ َﺪ ِر‬‫اﻹﯾﻤَﺎنِ ﻗَﺎ َل أَنْ ﺗُﺆْ ﻣِﻦَ ﺑِﺎ ﱠ ِ َوﻣ ََﻼﺋِ َﻜﺘِ ِﮫ َو ُﻛﺘُﺒِ ِﮫ َو ُر ُ‬ ‫ﺼ ﱢﺪﻗُﮫُ ﻗَﺎ َل ﻓَﺄ َﺧْ ﺒِﺮْ ﻧِﻲ ﻋَﻦْ ْ ِ‬ ‫َوﯾُ َ‬
‫ﷲَ َﻛﺄَﻧﱠ َﻚ ﺗَﺮَاهُ ﻓَﺈِنْ ﻟَ ْﻢ ﺗَﻜُﻦْ ﺗَﺮَاهُ ﻓَﺈِﻧﱠﮫُ ﯾَﺮَا َك ﻗَﺎ َل‬ ‫اﻹﺣْ ﺴَﺎنِ ﻗَﺎ َل أَنْ ﺗَ ْﻌﺒُ َﺪ ﱠ‬ ‫ﺻ َﺪﻗْﺖَ ﻗَﺎ َل ﻓَﺄ َﺧْ ﺒِﺮْ ﻧِﻲ ﻋَﻦْ ْ ِ‬ ‫ﺧَ ْﯿ ِﺮ ِه َوﺷَﺮﱢ ِه ﻗَﺎ َل َ‬
‫ﺴﺌُﻮ ُل َﻋ ْﻨﮭَﺎ ﺑِﺄ َ ْﻋﻠَ َﻢ ﻣِﻦْ اﻟﺴﱠﺎﺋِﻞِ ﻗَﺎ َل ﻓَﺄ َﺧْ ﺒِﺮْ ﻧِﻲ ﻋَﻦْ أَﻣَﺎ َرﺗِﮭَﺎ ﻗَﺎ َل أَنْ ﺗَﻠِ َﺪ ْاﻷَ َﻣﺔُ َرﺑﱠﺘَﮭَﺎ‬ ‫ﻓَﺄ َﺧْ ﺒِﺮْ ﻧِﻲ ﻋَﻦْ اﻟﺴﱠﺎ َﻋ ِﺔ ﻗَﺎ َل ﻣَﺎ ا ْﻟ َﻤ ْ‬
‫ﻖ ﻓَﻠَﺒِﺜْﺖُ َﻣﻠِﯿًّﺎ ﺛُ ﱠﻢ ﻗَﺎ َل ﻟِﻲ ﯾَﺎ ُﻋ َﻤ ُﺮ‬ ‫َوأَنْ ﺗَﺮَى اﻟْﺤُ ﻔَﺎةَ ا ْﻟ ُﻌﺮَاةَ ا ْﻟﻌَﺎﻟَﺔَ ِرﻋَﺎ َء اﻟﺸﱠﺎ ِء ﯾَﺘَﻄَﺎ َوﻟُﻮنَ ﻓِﻲ ا ْﻟﺒُ ْﻨﯿَﺎنِ ﻗَﺎ َل ﺛُ ﱠﻢ ا ْﻧﻄَﻠَ َ‬
‫ﷲُ َو َرﺳُﻮﻟُﮫُ أَ ْﻋﻠَ ُﻢ ﻗَﺎ َل ﻓَﺈِﻧﱠﮫُ ﺟِ ْﺒﺮِﯾ ُﻞ أَﺗَﺎ ُﻛ ْﻢ ﯾُ َﻌﻠﱢ ُﻤ ُﻜ ْﻢ دِﯾﻨَ ُﻜ ْﻢ‬ ‫أَﺗَ ْﺪرِي ﻣَﻦْ اﻟﺴﱠﺎﺋِ ُﻞ ﻗُﻠْﺖُ ﱠ‬

‫‪Mariam Tameezuddin‬‬
Understanding Islam through the
Hadith of Jibrael
•Also known as Umm-ul-Hadith

•Included In: Sahih Bukhari, Sahih Muslim, Musnad Imam Ahmad, Jami‘

Tirmidhi, Sahih al-Hakim, Arba‘een Imam Nawawi

•Narrated by: Umar Ibn Khattab, Abu Hurairah, Abdullah Ibn Umar,

Abdullah Ibn Abbas. Mariam Tameezuddin

Hadith of Jibrael - First Question:
Iman
•Narrated by Abu Hurairah:
•One day while the Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬was sitting in
the company of some people, Jibrael (A.S)
came and asked, "What is Iman?" Allah's
Messenger ‫ ﷺ‬replied, ‘Iman is to believe in
Allah, His angels, (the) meeting with Him, His
Apostles, and to believe in Resurrection."
Mariam Tameezuddin
Hadith of Jibrael - Second Question:
Islam
•Then he further asked, "What is Islam?" Allah's
Messenger ‫ ﷺ‬replied, "To worship Allah
Alone and none else, to offer prayers perfectly
to pay the compulsory charity(Zakat) and to
observe fasts during the month of Ramadan."

Mariam Tameezuddin
Hadith of Jibrael - Third Question:
Ihsan
•Then he further asked, "What is Ihsan
(perfection)?" Allah's Messenger ‫ ﷺ‬replied,
"To worship Allah as if you see Him, and if you
cannot achieve this state of devotion then you
must consider that He is looking at you."

Mariam Tameezuddin
Hadith of Jibrael - Last Question:
Yaum al-Qiyama
•Then he further asked, "When will the Hour be
established?" Allah's Messenger ‫ ﷺ‬replied, "The
answerer has no better knowledge than the questioner. But I
will inform you about its portents.
1.When a slave (lady) gives birth to her master.
2.When the shepherds of black camels start boasting and
competing with others in the construction of higher
buildings. And the Hour is one of five things which nobody
knows except Allah.
Mariam Tameezuddin
•The Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬then recited:‫ﷲ ﻋِ ﻧدَ هُ ﻋِ ْﻠ ُم اﻟﺳﱠﺎﻋَ ِﺔ‬
َ ‫إِنﱠ ﱠ‬
"Verily, with Allah (Alone) is the knowledge of the Hour."

[Surah Luqman :34]

Then that man (Jibrael) left and the Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬asked his companions
to call him back, but they could not see him. Then the Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬said,
"That was Jibrael who came to teach the people their religion."

Mariam Tameezuddin
 1- IMAAN
2-ISLAM
3-IHSAN
4-SIGNS OF DOJ
ROOT LETTERS
Iman (root letters ( ‫ ) ا۔م۔ن‬refer to security

Islam (Actions) root letters )‫ (س۔ل۔م‬refer to peace

Ihsan (Inner Feelings, root letters )‫ (ح۔س۔ن‬refer to beauty,

perfection and excellence

Mariam Tameezuddin
Hadith of Jibrael and the three
aspects of human personality
•Iman – Intellectual

•Islam – Practical

•Ihsan – Emotional

Mariam Tameezuddin
Three Disciplines in Islamic Sciences
•Iman
–Ilm al-Kalam, Ilm al-Aqa’id, Islamic Theology
•Islam
–Ilm al-Fiqh, Islamic Law
•Ihsan
–Ilm al-Ihsan, Tasawwuf, Tazkiyya, Ilm al-Akhlaq, Islamic
Ethics
Mariam Tameezuddin
 01
IMAAN?
IMAN
Imaan- Amana
Aman---I’maan, Salm---Islaam

It’s a pattern, it’s a particular form. That particular form is called If’aal, that particular form
means the creation of the root word.

Imaan means the creation of amman, that is what imaan is. What it means is that the act of
imaan creates amman in a person.

The act of imaan, adopting faith or belief (we still have to do “what is imaan”)

Mariam Tameezuddin
Ghaib does not just mean unseen more properly it means unascertainable. Not just
a visual thing, something that you cannot ascertain or perceive something for
which you cannot have yaqeen or mushahid

When a person accepts Islam what do they call it, what do they take? Shahadah.
The Arabic language is teaching you something Allah ‫ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﮫ وﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ‬wants that your
Iman in the unseen should be as much as you have seen as you have mushahidah.

The act of Taking Iman is shahadah because your Iman in the unseen should be as
strong as in the seen as mushahidah as if you see.

Mariam Tameezuddin
IMAAN
=YAQEEN
THREE LEVELS OF YAQEEN
• The highest level of certainty is attained
through experiential
knowledge
• Ilm ul-Yaqeen (Knowledge)
• Ain ul-Yaqeen(Observation)
• Haqq ul-Yaqeen(Experience)

Mariam Tameezuddin
EXAMPLE: ALLAH
Ilm-Yes
Ayin-No
Haqq- Confused

Allah gave us the instructions you must fulfill those instructions to

experience God.
That’s the test. Exam is of unseen.

-Can you describe a Mango’s

-Sweetness of Imaan

Quran “ Worship Allah until you reach Yaqeen”

Biggest Example: Ramadan

Mariam Tameezuddin
HOW DO WE
KNOW GOD
EXISTS?
GOD’S EXISTENCE
1-Non Reflective intuition resulting from experience
2- Reflective conscious beliefs resulting from thought

Intuition/Experience+Logic/Thought

Quran and Sunnah show that belief in God is formed by 2

ways

1-By appealing to the heart, intuition and experience

2- By Appealing to the mind, logic and reasoning

HOW?

Mariam Tameezuddin
HOW?
Human beings can recognize the existence of God through intuition and
experiences that appeal to the heart

Intuitions of the heart start with pure instincts: humans can sense that a
power higher than them exists

Before the world was Created, God gathered all the souls together and
made a covenant that they would recognize their Creator

Innate impulse in people to seek out a higher power (because of the

Covenant)

Mariam Tameezuddin
Humans Turn To God In Danger
Since all humans can sense a higher power, they will instinctively turn to God in times
of danger.

Every person, at some point in his or her life, will have an intense experience that
causes a natural reaction to turn to prayer.

There are many cases of people who experience a sudden brush with death that
causes them to become more faithful to their religious tradition.

Allah said:
Whenever they go on board a ship they call on God, and dedicate their faith to Him
alone, but once He has delivered them safely back to land, see how they ascribe
partners to Him!

Mariam Tameezuddin
Say [Prophet Muhammad], ‘Who is it that saves you from the dark depths
of land and sea when you humbly and secretly call to Him [and say], ‘If He
rescues us from this, we should truly be thankful’? Say, ‘God rescues you
from this and every distress; yet you still worship others besides him.’

‘When man suffers some affliction, he prays to his Lord and turns to Him,
but once he has been granted a favor from God, he forgets the One he
had been praying to and sets up rivals to God, to make others stray from
His path’

Mariam Tameezuddin
APPEALING TO THE MIND, REASON AND
LOGIC
The question that most human beings eventually ask themselves is about the
nature of existence: Why am I here? Why is there a world and a universe? Why is
there something and not nothing?
The Quran addresses this question with a cosmological discourse, a reminder
that it was God who created everything and caused it to be.

Human beings are asked to reflect upon the nature of their existence and the
universe. Is it really plausible, sensible, and intuitive that the universe appeared
arbitrarily for no reason?

Mariam Tameezuddin
Were they created out of nothing? Were
they the creators? Did they create the
heavens and the earth? No! They do not
have faith.
-Quran
These verses posit three possibilities:
1) the universe appeared without any agent to bring it into existence;
2) people created themselves; or by implication
3) the universe must have been created.

The first two propositions are impossible. It could not be the case that the
universe appeared from nothing without any reason, purpose, or force to
inject it with its energy and direction.
Everyday experience informs us that all things we witness in life, every effect
we see, must have an explanation at some level.
The second proposition, that people created themselves, can be dismissed on
its face.
As such, the only reasonable conclusion is that the universe was caused—it
was created—it was made to exist by something greater and more powerful
than itself.
Mariam Tameezuddin
In the creation of the heavens and earth; in the
alternation of night and day; in the ships that sail
the seas with goods for people; in the water which
God sends down from the sky to give life to the
earth when it has been barren, scattering all kinds
of creatures over it; in the changing of the winds
and clouds that run their appointed courses
between the sky and earth: there are signs in all
these for those who use their minds.

-Quran
Imām Al-Shāfiʼī was asked about the existence of the Creator
and he replied, “The leaves of a berry bush all have one
taste. Worms eat it and produce silk. Bees eat it and produce
honey. Goats, camels, and cows eat it and deliver offspring.
Deer eat it and produce musk. Yet, all of these come from
one thing.”
The simple miracle of the leaves of a bush, and every other
miracle it produces, indicates that it was designed for this
very purpose.

Mariam Tameezuddin
SUMMING UP..
1. Pure Instinct

Human beings can sense the existence of a higher power by pure instinct.

Some scientists will argue that this belief is inbuilt within our genes.

(Hamer, The God Gene, p.6.)

2. The Design of the Universe

From the most gigantic of stars to the smallest of microbes, everything in existence contains a set
of laws designed to serve a purpose.

(Michael Hanby, No God, No Science? p. 212)

We can therefore conclude that an intelligent force must be behind all this. Mariam Tameezuddin
3. Spiritual Fulfillment

The human being is a deeply spiritual being that yearns for inner peace, moral education and
meaning.

Those who believe in God attain a state of tranquility regardless of their physical circumstances, for
they are in tune with the divine.

Barrett, Justin L., Why Would Anyone Believe in God?, p. 66.

4. Everything has a cause

The reality is that everything that begins to exist has a cause that brought it into existence.

Since this Universe began to exist, it must therefore require an initial cause that is far more
powerful than it. Mariam Tameezuddin
 5. The precision of nature
The laws of nature have been fine tuned to precise measurements in order for life to exist. The
precision reaches far beyond the scope of any coincidence.

For instance, had the big bang explosion differed in strength by as little as 1/10⁶⁰, life would have
been impossible.

(Physicist Robin Collins).

The chance of this happening by coincidence is like firing a bullet at a one-inch target twenty billion
light years away and hitting.

(Murray, Reason for the Hope Within, p. 49.)

Mariam Tameezuddin
ALTERNATIVE
PERSPECTIVE:IF
NO GOD?
ALTERNATIVE PERSPECTIVE: IF NO GOD
EXAMPLE OF TWO FRIENDS:
Believer/Disbeliever

Mariam Tameezuddin
1-Empiricism- 5 senses-Truth
2-Rationalism- Intellect- Truth
3-Scientism -Prove- Truth
4-Experiential learning- If certain number of X leads to Y,
Fact is established

Mariam Tameezuddin
EXPERIENTIAL KNOWLEDGE

Riba= Loss of Barakah

Sadqa= Barakah
Zikar= Sakoon
Imaan= Aman
Umrah/Ramadan= Spiritual High
Sincerity Leads to Hidaya
Mariam Tameezuddin
02
ISLAM?
ISLAM?

‫اﻓﻌﺎل‬
Peace through submission

Mariam Tameezuddin
SUBMISSION OF IBRAHIM AS
When his (Ibrahim’s) Lord said to him: Surrender !
he said: I have surrendered to the Lord of the
Worlds. (Al Baqara : 131)

َ‫إِذْ ﻗَﺎ َل َﻟ ُﮫ رَ ﱡﺑ ُﮫ أَﺳْ ﻠِ ْم ﻗَﺎ َل أَﺳْ ﻠَﻣْتُ ﻟِرَ بﱢ اﻟْﻌَ ﺎ َﻟﻣِﯾن‬

Mariam Tameezuddin
PEACE BESTOWED UPON IBRAHIM AS
Peace be upon Ibrahim (A.S)!
This is how We reward the good.
[Surah as Saaffaat : 109 , 110)
‫ﺳَ َﻼ ٌم ﻋَ ﻠَﻰ إِﺑْرَ اھِﯾ َم‬

Mariam Tameezuddin
IMAAN AND ISLAM
INNER/OUTER
ISLAM/IMAAN
What will come first?

Mariam Tameezuddin
5 PILLARS:ISLAM
Ibn Umar reported: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon
him, said,
“Islam is built upon five: to worship Allah and to disbelieve in what is
worshiped besides him, to establish prayer, to give charity, to perform Hajj
pilgrimage to the house, and to fast the month of Ramadan.”

Source:
Ṣaḥīḥal-Bukhārī8, ṢaḥīḥMuslim 16
ImāmIbn Rajab comments on this tradition, writing:
The purpose is to strike a parable of Islam as a building supported on
these five pillars. The building cannot stand without them, while the
remaining attributes of Islam perfect the building. If any of the secondary
attributes are missing, the house will be lacking although it is standing. It
will not fall by lacking those attributes, in contrast to when it is lacking in
these five pillars. Mariam Tameezuddin
ANOTHER HADITH: ISLAM
Abu Huraira reported: A bedouin came to the Messenger of Allah,
peace and blessings be upon him, and he said, “O Messenger of Allah,
show me a deed by which I may enter Paradise.” The Prophet
said,“Worship Allah and never associate anything with Him, establish
the prescribed prayers, give the obligatory charity, and fast of the
month of Ramadan.” The man said, “By Him in whose hand is my soul,
I will never add anything to it, nor will I lessen anything from it.” When
the man turned his back, the Prophet said,“Whoever wishes to see a
man from the people of Paradise should look to him.”

Mariam Tameezuddin
HADITH ON IMAN
Abu Hurayrah narrated that the Prophet said: "Iman has more than
70 branches. The most excellent among these branches is the saying
of "LaailaahaillAllah" (there is no God but Allah), and the smallest
branch is to remove an obstacle from the way side.”
Similarly,
“Faith has over seventy branches or over sixty branches, the most
excellent of which is the declaration that there is no god but Allah,
and the humblest of which is the, removal of what is injurious from the
path: and modesty (Haya) is the branch of faith.”

Mariam Tameezuddin
IMAAN INCREASES AND DECREASES
The idea of Iman having branches indicates that Imancan flourish the
more ‘branches’ a person works on.
The Prophet ‫ﺻﻠﻰ ﷲ ﻋﻠﯾﮫ وﺳﻠم‬said, “Verily, the faith of one of you will
wear out within him, just as a shirt becomes worn out, so ask Allah to
renew faith in your hearts.”

Mariam Tameezuddin
ISLAM AND IMAN
● When used separately, are interchangeable
● When they are used together in one ayah or hadith: the
differences in their meanings can be seen
● They are different terms with different meanings. However
despite the difference they are a part of one another.
● Islam-accepting/submitting with your tongue i.e. verbal
submission and making action necessary upon yourself.
● The seat of islam is the tongue
● The seat of imaan is the heart

Mariam Tameezuddin
IMAN AND ISLAM IN ONE HADITH
The Prophet
‫ ﺻﻠﻰ ﷲ ﻋﻠﯾﮫ وﺳﻠم‬also addressed a group of Muslims, saying:
O you who have Faith with their tongues but faith has not
entered their hearts! Do not backbite the Muslims or seek out
their faults. Whoever seeks their faults, Allah will seek his faults.
And if Allah seeks his faults, He will expose him even in the
privacy of his house. (Abu Dawood)

Mariam Tameezuddin
‫‪IMAN AND ISLAM IN ONE HADITH‬‬
‫ﷲ ﺻﻠﻰ ﷲ ﻋﻠﯾﮫ وﺳﻠم ﯾَﺎ ﻣَﻌْ ﺷَرَ ﻣَنْ آﻣَنَ‬ ‫ﻋَ نْ أَﺑِﻲ ﺑَرْ زَ َة اﻷَﺳْ َﻠﻣِﻲﱢ ﻗَﺎ َل ﻗَﺎ َل رَ ﺳُو ُل ﱠ ِ‬
‫ِﺑﻠِﺳَ ﺎ ِﻧ ِﮫ َو َﻟ ْم ﯾَدْ ﺧُلِ اﻹِﯾﻣَﺎنُ َﻗ ْﻠ َﺑ ُﮫ ﻻَ ﺗَﻐْ ﺗَﺎﺑُوا ا ْﻟﻣُﺳْ ﻠِﻣِﯾنَ َوﻻَ َﺗ ﱠﺗ ِﺑﻌُوا ﻋَ ْورَ ا ِﺗ ِﮭ ْم َﻓﺈِ ﱠﻧ ُﮫ َﻣ ِن‬
‫ﷲُ ﻋَ ْورَ َﺗ ُﮫ َﯾﻔْﺿَ ﺣْ ُﮫ ﻓِﻲ َﺑ ْﯾ ِﺗ ِﮫ‬
‫ﷲُ ﻋَ ْورَ َﺗ ُﮫ َوﻣَنْ َﯾ ﱠﺗﺑِﻊِ ﱠ‬ ‫ا ﱠﺗﺑَﻊَ ﻋَ ْورَ ا ِﺗ ِﮭ ْم َﯾ ﱠﺗﺑِﻊِ ﱠ‬
‫ﺳﻧن أﺑﻲ داود ﻛﺗﺎب اﻷدب ﺑﺎب ﻓﻲ اﻟﻐﯾﺑﺔ ‪4880‬‬
‫اﻟﻣﺣدث اﻷﻟﺑﺎﻧﻲ ﺧﻼﺻﺔ ﺣﻛم اﻟﻣﺣدث ﺣﺳن ﺻﺣﯾﺢ ﻓﻲ ﺻﺣﯾﺢ أﺑﻲ داود ‪4880‬‬

‫‪Mariam Tameezuddin‬‬
IMAN AND ISLAM IN ONE QURANIC AYAH
• ‫ت ٱﻷَﻋْ رَ ابُ آ َﻣﻧﱠﺎ ﻗُل ﻟﱠ ْم ﺗ ُْؤ ِﻣﻧُو ْا َو َﻟ ٰـﻛِن ﻗُوﻟ ُۤو ْا أَﺳْ ﻠَﻣْ ﻧَﺎ َو َﻟﻣﱠﺎ‬
ِ ‫ﻗَﺎ َﻟ‬
‫ﯾَدْ ﺧُلِ ٱﻹِﯾﻣَﺎنُ ﻓِﻰ ﻗُﻠُو ِﺑ ُﻛ ْم َوإِن ﺗُطِ ﯾﻌُو ْا ٱ ﱠ َ َورَ ﺳُو َﻟ ُﮫ ﻻَ َﯾﻠِ ْﺗ ُﻛ ْم‬
‫ﻣﱢنْ أَﻋْ ﻣَﺎﻟِ ُﻛ ْم َﺷﯾْﺋﺎ ً إِنﱠ ٱ ﱠ َ ﻏَ ﻔُو ٌر رﱠ ﺣِﯾ ٌم‬
(49:14) The Bedouins say: “We believe.”(O Prophet),say to them: “You do not believe; you should
rather say: 'We have submitted'”; for belief has not yet entered your hearts. If you obey Allah and His
Messenger, He will not diminish anything from the reward of any of your deeds. Surely Allah is Most
Forgiving, Most Compassionate

Mariam Tameezuddin
OVERLAP
AYATUL BIR: VERSE OF RIGHTEOUSNESS

Mariam Tameezuddin
VERSE OF RIGHTEOUSNESS
An Example of How Iman and Islam are what make up the Deen(Religion)

Virtue does not lie in turning your faces to the East or to the West. The
truly righteous are those who believe in Allah and the Last Day, the
Angels, the Book and the Prophets, and who, despite their love for it, give
away their wealth to their relatives and to orphans and the very poor, and
to travelers and beggars and to set slaves free, and who establish salat
and pay zakat; those who honor their contracts when they make them,
and are steadfast in misfortune, adversity, and times of danger. It is these
who are truthful and it is these who are righteous” (al-Baqarah, 2:177).

Mariam Tameezuddin
OVERLAP
You can feel good after charity or vice versa

The limbs affect the heart and the heart affects the limb

That’s why scholars say that one should pray even if he/she
doesnt feel like praying

Mariam Tameezuddin
FAITH IS LIKE A GARMENT THAT WEARS
OUT
Prophet PBUH said:

“Verily, the faith of one of you will diminish just as a garment

becomes worn out. So ask Allah to renew faith in your hearts.”

Mariam Tameezuddin
03
IHSAN
IHSAN

‫ت‬
ِ ‫ت ُﺟﻧَﺎ ٌح ﻓِﯾﻣَﺎ طَ ِﻌﻣُو ْا إِذَ ا ﻣَﺎ ا ﱠﺗﻘَو ْا وﱠ آ َﻣﻧُو ْا َوﻋَ ِﻣﻠُو ْا اﻟﺻﱠﺎﻟِﺣَ ﺎ‬ ِ ‫َﻟﯾْسَ ﻋَ ﻠَﻰ اﻟﱠذِﯾنَ آ َﻣﻧُو ْا َوﻋَ ِﻣﻠُو ْا اﻟﺻﱠﺎﻟِﺣَ ﺎ‬
َ‫ﷲُ ُﯾﺣِبﱡ ا ْﻟﻣُﺣْ ﺳِ ﻧِﯾن‬
ّ ‫ُﺛ ﱠم ا ﱠﺗﻘَو ْا وﱠ آ َﻣﻧُو ْا ُﺛ ﱠم ا ﱠﺗﻘَو ْا وﱠ أَﺣْ ﺳَ ﻧُو ْا َو‬

There is no blame on those who believe and do good deeds for

what they ate in the past, provided they remain pious, and
believe and do righteous deeds , then remain pious and believe ,
and then remain pious and attain Ihsan . For Allah loves the
people of Ihsan ..[Surah al Ma ida : 93]

Mariam Tameezuddin
IHSAN
To love Allah the most
To fear Allah the most
To seek the help of Allah
To have hope in Allah that He
will give us mercy and guide us
To trust Allah wholly
Mariam Tameezuddin
IHSAN
•Ihsan means beauty
•Tazkiyya means purification
•Ihsan includes:
–Adorning oneself with noble inner attributes like: Love for
Allah (S.W.T) and His Prophet (S.A.W), Sincerity, Humility,
Modesty, Gratitude, Patience
–Leaving evil inner attributes like: Arrogance, Ingratitude,
Immodesty

Mariam Tameezuddin
IMAAN, ISLAM AND IHSAN
Iman, Islam and Ihsan can also be understood to relate with the three degrees of
excellence in our religion.

The most fundamental requirement for a person to enter the fold of Islam is to have
a firm belief in Allah (S.W.T) (Imaan) Believing in Allah (S.W.T) is the submission of
the intellect to the Creator. A necessary outcome of a firm belief in Allah (S.W.T) is
the obedience of His commandments.

After the stage of belief or Iman a person reaches the stage of physical devotion to
God and this physical devotion is Islam. So the stage of Islam is a higher level of
submission.
Moreover a further higher level is reached when a Muslim is able to fashion not
only his actions according to his beliefs but also his inner emotions. This is the
stage of Ihsan which the Prophet (S.A.W) referred to when he said: “That you
worship Allah as if you see Him.”
Mariam Tameezuddin
IMAAN, ISLAM AND IHSAN
Hadith of Jibrael explains the nature and the extent of a Muslim‟s submission
to the Creator.

The hadith connects the idea of submission to all the three aspects of human
personality namely :

intellectual, practical and emotional.

Iman, Islam and Ihsan respectively mean a person’s intellectual, practical and
emotional submission to the Lord of all existence.

Mariam Tameezuddin
 04
SIGNS OF
THE DAY OF
JUDGEMENT
•Minor Signs: Widespread bloodshed, adultery, usury, use of musical
instruments, alcohol

Major Signs:
(1) The Dajjaal; (2) the descent of Eesa (A.S);
(3) Ya’jooj and Ma’jooj; (4, 5, 6) three earthquakes, one in the east,
one in the west and one in the Arabian Peninsula; (7) the smoke; (8)
the rising of the sun from its place of setting; (9) the Beast; and (10)
the fire which will drive the people to their place of gathering.

Mariam Tameezuddin
SIGNS OF QAYAMAH

•A slave-girl will give birth to her master.

–Muslim conquests
–Disobedience of the children
–Surrogate mothers?

Mariam Tameezuddin
SIGNS OF DAY OF JUDGEMENT

•Shepherds will construct tall buildings

–Literal meaning: construction of tall buildings in Arab
countries
–Incapable people will become rulers
•Conclusive statement:
–Social order will be destroyed

Mariam Tameezuddin
PROGRESS/TIME
Dunya/Deen
DUNYA
Organize:
politics along the lines of democracy,
economy along the lines of capitalism,
society along the lines of secularism; this is the end of history, this is the ultimate
level of human attainment.

DEEN
Spiritual Decline

Mariam Tameezuddin