NURSING AS A NURSING SCIENCE

AND NURSING THEORY

GROUP 1
 ARRANGED BY:

ANNAMITA ROMIAN JOSIMAY

CLAUDIA
SRIWANDA MANULLANG YANTI
TARIGAN
PASARIBU
NURSING
SCIENCE
Science (or science) is the whole conscious effort to investigate,
discover, and improve human understanding and various aspects of
reality in the human world. These aspects are limited in order to
produce definite formulations. Science provides certainty by
limiting the scope of its view, and the certainty of science is
obtained from its limitations. Science comes from scientific activity
that stems from the concept of the structure of human thought.

Henderson's nursing science as it relates to nursing practice

suggests that nurses who see their primary duty as a direct
contributor to patient care will find immediate benefit in the
patient's progress from dependent conditions to independence.
Henderson believes the treatment process is a problem-sipving
process and not just a maintenance issue.
 Nursing as a
Science.
Nursing Science in terms of Epistemology The
nature/character of nursing science
1. General knowledge (Public knowledge)

2. Objective

3. Abstract

4. Conceptual

5. Generalization
NURSING SUPPORT
SCIENCE
These supporting sciences include:
1. The group of humanities, methodologies, law, and ethics which
includes religion, philosophy, nationality, ethics and law, Indonesian
language, English, scientific methodology, and group communication.
2. Basic natural science group which includes biophysics, chemistry,
biology
3. Behavioral science group which includes general psychology,
developmental psychology, social psychology of human relations, and
group dynamics.
4. Social science group, which includes sociology, anthropology,
demography, and political science.
5. Biomedical science group which includes anatomy, physiology,
biochemistry, pathophysiology, pharmacology,and therapy, microbiology,
parasitology, and nutrition
6. Public health science group.
7. Clinical medicine group.
CHARACTERISTICS OF
NURSING SCIENCE
Nursing Characteristic
Characteristics features :
1.Empirical
According to The Liang Gie, the
characteristics of science are as 2.Systematic

follows: 3.Objective

4.Analytical

5.Verify
CHARACTERISTICS OF
NURSING SCIENCE
Nursing Characteristic
Characteristics features :
1. Have basic justification
Meanwhile, Beerling
mentions the following 2. Systematic
characteristics:
3. It is intersubjective

NURSING THEORY
Stevens (1984), defines nursing as an
attempt to describe and explain various
phenomena in nursing (quoted from Taylor,
C., et al, 1989). Nursing theory plays a role
In distinguishing nursing from other
disciplines and aims to describe, explain,
predict and control the results of nursing
care or nursing services performed.

NURSING THEORY
According to Newman (1979), there are 3 approaches in the
development and formation of nursing theories, namely:

• Borrowing theories from other relevant disciplines with the aim of

Integrating these theories into nursing science,

• Analyze nursing practice situations in order to find concepts related

to nursing practice practice of virginity and create a framework.

Concepts that allow the development of nursing theory.

The purpose of theory development.

Nursing is to develop knowledge that is expected to help and
develop nursing practice and nursing education.

 Basic
Characteristics of
Nursing Theory

 *****
Torre (1985) and Chin and Ycob (1983), clearly emphasize the basic characteristics of nursing theory.
According to them, there are five basic characteristics of nursing theory, namely:

1. Nursing theory identifies and is defined as a specific relationship man.

2. Nursing theory must be scientific.

3. Nursing theory is simple and general.

4. Nursing theory plays a role in enriching the nursing body of knowledge that isdone through research.

5. Nursing theory guides and plays a role in improving the quality of practice nursing.

Nursing theory
Nursing theory basically consists of
four concepts that influence and
determine the quality of nursing
practice, namely the human concept,
nursing, the concept of health and
illness and the concept of the
environment. one theory to another.
The following describes some nursing
theories.
Nursing
Theory
Sister Calista Roy: Roy's Adaptation Model Sister
Calista Roy developed the nursing adaptation
model in 1964. This model is widely used as a
basic philosophy and concept model in nursing
education. Roy's adaptation model is an
essential model system in nursing.

Nursing
theory
Martha E. Roger's Theory
Roger's theory is based on knowledge of the origin of man
and the universe such as anthropology, sociology,
astronomy, religion, philosophy, historical development
and mythology. This theory focuses on the process of
human life. According to him, a person's life is influenced
by nature as a human living environment and also a
person's growth and development.

Nursing
Theory
Dorothy E. Johnson's Theory

Dorthy E. Johnson believes that nursing care is done to help individuals facilitate
effective and efficient behavior to prevent disease. Humans are whole creatures and
consist of 2 systems, namely biological systems and certain behaviors. The
environment, including society, is an external system that influences a person's
behavior. A person is said to be healthy if he is able to respond adaptively both
physically, mentally, emotionally and socially to the internal and external
environment in the hope of maintaining his health. Nursing care is done to help
balance the individual, especially coping or problem solving when he is sick.
Characteristics of Nursing
Influence Factors.
Nursing theory is a series of statements about
interrelated phenomena that are very useful for
mentioning, explaining, predicting, and controlling.
Nursing theory that develops and comes from aspects
and various dimensions of humanity has been proven
to have a lot of impact on nursing practice, where
theory produces an expected situation. On the other
hand, the situation generated by a theory can help a
scientist to structure, test, revise or refine and apply
nursing theory.

Characteristics of Nursing
Influence Factors.
What about the characteristics of nursing theory used up to now?
Some experts mention the limitations of the characteristics of
nursing. According to Torrest (1985) and Chinn & Jacob (1983),
there are five basic characteristics of nursing theory:
a. Nursing theory identifies and defines as specific relationships of
nursing concepts such as the relationship between human concepts,
health-ill concepts, environmental concepts and nursing.

b. Nursing theory is scientific, meaning that nursing theory is used with

clear and rational reasons or reasons developed using logical thinking.

c. Nursing theory is simple and general, meaning that nursing theory

can be used on simple problems or complex health problems according
to the situation of nursing practice.

d. Nursing theory plays a role in enriching the nursing body of

knowledge.

Conclusion:
As nurses, we must understand the meaning and essence of
nursing science and theory as a guide and foundation in
providing nursing care to clients. The important things you
have learned in Topic 1 are as follows:

1.Knowledge is usually synonymous with knowledge

2. The conditions that must be met (logical, objective,

methodical, systematic, universal)
THANK YOU:)
GROUP I