English Grammar

APOSTROPHE:
For Contraction:
The apostrophe (‘) can be used to indicate that one or more
letters have been left out of a word.
Example: It’s wise to try your best in all endeavours. (It’s = It is)
You’re well prepared for the test. (You’re = You are)

Contracted Form Expanded Form

I’m
could not
can’t
could have
there’s
is not
they’re
will not
Fill in the blanks:

Write two sentences using any of the contracted words above:

1. ____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
2. ____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________

Fill in the missing apostrophes

1. I dont like spaghetti. 4. Ill wash up later.

2. I wish you wouldnt push 5. Kim wont tidy her
me. bedroom.
3. Isnt it nice weather? 6. Thomas hasnt got a bike.
 English Grammar

For Possession:
The apostrophe is also used to show that something belongs to a
person or a thing. Add an apostrophe before the ‘s’ to show
possession when a noun is singular.
Example: The boy’s kite = the kite which belongs to the boy
OR Charles’ dog = the dog belonging to Charles
To show
In possession when a noun is plural, add only an
apostrophe. If it is singular, add the apostrophe before the ‘s’
Example: The girls’ hats = the hats belonging to the girls
OR The women’s belongings

Write the shortened version of these sentences:

The bike belongs to the boy Eg. The boy’s bike

The pens belong to the girls
The hats belong to the men
The barn belongs to the farmer
The dogs belong to Ellie
The radio belongs to Max

Add in the possessive apostrophe:

1. The teachers notes were kept in the staff room.

2. Ross money had disappeared from his account.

3. The mens jackets were no longer in the cloak room.

4. We have to pass our principals house on the way to school.

5. The childrens bikes were left outside all night

6. The dogs kennels were blown over in the storm.

COMMA
 English Grammar

In lists:
Commas have several functions.
1. They are used in lists of items or in a series of actions or
thoughts.
Example: My sister enjoys playing netball, tennis, softball and
basketball.

Fill in the commas and cross out the unnecessary words:

1. Jake bought an apple and two bananas and some sugar and a
pineapple.

2. Mary looked in the cupboard. In the cupboard was some bread

and some butter and a bone and a can of dog food.

3. Tony had two marbles and a piece of string and a stone in his
pocket.

4. At the circus Ryan saw a clown and a lion and a juggler and a lot
of other things.

5. Jane had forgotten the washing powder and the peanuts and
the yoghurts.

DIRECT SPEECH
 English Grammar

Direct speech refers to the words actually spoken by a person.

Quotation marks (“...” or ‘...’) are used to show direct speech
and are used in pairs.
Example: Theo asked Kim, ‘What time is training?’
‘About 5p.m.,’ replied Kim.
‘We are the champions,’ the
supporter sang, ‘of the world.’
You must start a new line for a change of speaker.

Add quotation marks to the sentences:

1. What on earth do you think you’re doing? yelled my father.

2. I think, said the professor, that we ought to take a little visit to

your cave in the forest.

3. Come on, encouraged her friend. It’s not far from here.

4. When are you coming home? I shouted.

After lunch, said Jane.

5. Maya said, My arm is really hurting after all of that writing.