Let’s Recall!

1. What is the Latin term of arts and its meaning?

Answer: “ars” means ability, skill, and craft
2. Which assumption or notion believes that art exists and
persists?
Answer: Art is Everywhere.
3. Which assumption or notion believes that a piece of artwork
is inspired from what one feels, sees, or encounters?
Answer: Art and Experience
4. Which assumption or notion believes that what may seem
attractive to you may not be attractive to others?
Answer: Art as Beauty
 Let’s Recall!
5. Which assumption or notion believes that one must be
well-versed in seeking avenues to express himself skillfully?
Answer: Art as Creation
6. Which assumption or notion believes that when one
expresses himself he sends his feelings through the
appropriate means of art?
Answer: Art as Expression and Communication
7. Which assumption or notion believes that the one who
manipulates things in his own hands takes inspiration from
what the UNSEEN ONE has wonderfully made?
Answer: Art and Nature
 Score Interpretation
SCORE INTERPRETATION
7 The student extremely manifests mastery of the lesson.
6 The student manifests more mastery of the lesson.
5 The student manifests mastery of the lesson.
4 The student somehow manifests mastery of the lesson.
3 The student somehow needs to master the lesson.
2 The student needs to master the lesson.
1 The student needs reinforcement of the lesson.
0 The student needs to restudy/review the lesson.
ENG 102: Art Appreciation
Module 2: Exploring Arts and Culture
Intended Learning Outcomes:

∙ Define what culture is along

arts and society; and

∙ Grasp the assumptions and

beliefs on how one views art
through the cultural lens.
 Rediscovering Culture
Culture, according to social scientists, are set
of values, beliefs and attitudes that a person
or group of individuals may possess.

Humanistic scholars believed that culture

pertains to “complex whole” of ideas and
things the produced by men in their
existence.

Moreover, Encyclopedia Americana (1992)

describes cultures as the human behavior
and history.
 Culture and Arts
Newhill and La Paglia (1977), they testified that to
most people, the concept of culture describes
refinement or sophistication. With this, they claimed
that a “cultured” person possesses good manners,
has ability to know on what to do in all situations
and appreciates art, music and literature.
Fernandez (2016) in this manner attested that
culture is an accumulation of shared knowledge,
experiences, values, attitudes, hierarchies,
meanings, beliefs, notions of time and space
(spatial relationships), religion, roles and concepts of
the universe, and material objects and possessions
acquired by people in a contagious space through
generations.
 Culture and Society
Newhill and La Paglia (1977) contend that culture
and society are two distinct conceptions and should
not be confused. The former denotes the way of
living in which has the society creates to satisfy its
basic needs. On the other hand, society comprises
of individuals in good interaction in the various tasks
needed for survival. More so, these individuals
occupy a definite area of land to which they
purportedly have a claim.
Human society cannot exist without culture.
Similarly, in this respect, societies without culture
may be deduced to animal existence. For this
reason, only human societies make cultures. This
entails that culture and society are interwoven.
 Key Concepts on Culture
1. Culture is a total pattern. The
personality of a person, so with his
behavior, is affected by culture.
This becomes evident in the ways
on how a person was raised. His
common acts of sleeping, eating,
and even expressing despair or
showing affection are influenced
by culture.
Filipino Family Bonding
2. Culture has structure. Imagine a jigsaw
puzzle being put together, cultures are formed
with different components. A Filipino tribal
village may not exist if there are no units such
as families, political entities, and economic
groups. In another note, civilization cannot
exist without hierarchies. These hierarchies are
structures that may pertain to politics such as a
barangay leader and the constituents.
3. Culture is learned or adapted. Culture
shapes and molds individuals. It is through
culture that man learns to adapt in his present
society and acts according to the standard
and norms of the community he belongs to.
4. Culture is shared. The idea of culture sharing is
often manifested by people living in specific
geographic locations—they share the same
principles and practices. For instance in language,
Cebuano-Visayan roots in Cebu but people in
Cagayan de Oro share the same language, but
with variations due to other nearby cultures that
contribute to the uniqueness of the dialect.

5. Culture is influential. The Spanish regime in the

Philippines lasted for more than 300 years. During
the occupation, Filipinos were stripped off of their
own culture and identity, by brute force. This is why
up to now, our ways of living may still depict
practices that show the influences of our past.
6. Culture is transmitted. Culture can be passed
from one generation to the next. In today’s age,
most Filipinos, when it comes to intimate
relationships, still prefer to start with proper
courtship or “ligaw.” This part of our culture
were passed on to the present times because it
has been transmitted through the values that
our parents believe and inculcate to us.
7. Culture is dynamic. Some practices before
may no longer be practiced now because
they are deemed obsolete or peculiar in the
modern times. Say, our way of communicating
now has changed over the course of
technological revolution.
8. Cultures are different. No two persons Cotabato’s T’nalak
are alike given that we grow up in
varied cultural environments. Our
lifestyle is greatly influenced by what
our culture dictates, so as with our art
products. A good example would be
our textiles that vary from region to
region, like Cotabato’s T’nalak that
were woven based on the weaver’s
dreams and Marawi’s Landap that are
brightly colored textiles woven with
gold threads and beads to symbolize
royalty. Marawi’s Landap
 Elements of Culture
John W. Bennett (1992) of Washington University
has categorized the elements of culture. And
these are enumerated below.
1. Trait. This serves as the quality which makes one
person or thing different from another.
2. Complex. The situation involved and even the
materials used are forming part on how this
element exists.
3. Pattern. The existence of regular and repeated
way of doing things such as the reliable sample
of traits, acts, tendencies or other observable
characteristics of a person, group or institution.
 Elements of Culture
4. Meanings. The derived idea represented by a word, phrase, or even
the idea expressed in a work of writing, art, and others. To put it
simply, the emotional symbol which may be found in the minds of the
people who respond to how things were presented. An example of
this is the meaning attached of any item of culture.
5. Functions. This is identified by the observer and not by the culture
bearers. This refers to the purpose of something. As in the previous
example, a cellular phone serves as to facilitate communication in a
mass society which is embedded with technology and sense of time
value.
6. Institutions. Groups of activities with specific need-satisfaction and
how they function. These can be the families and other group of
individuals. And most of the time, these are the social institutions that
cohabit in a given society like that of family; while under political are
community organizations, and government and also economic
category which comprises cooperative labor, housing and private
entities.
 Let’s Reflect!
How will you justify that culture is dynamic and
prone to change ?

In what way will culture become an instrument of

peace and understanding ?

Are there instances where culture becomes the

source of conflict ? Justify your answer.
Name of Artwork: The Nose Flute Activity 2
Artist: Carlos Francisco
 
Question: How is our culture being
manifested in the
painting?

Select one key concept and focus

your explanation through that.
Explain in 3-5 sentences only. Post
your comments under this module in
our Facebook group on or before
September 12, 2021. But, kindly wait
for your instructor’s general
instructions about this activity.
 Quiz 2
Answer pages 22-23 of your book or ask
your Art App instructor about the quiz.
And, kindly wait for the general
instructions from your Art Appreciation
course instructor.