The Admittance Model

and
Network Calculation

Oleh : DR. Ir. Yusra Sabri

Laboratorium Sistim Tenaga dan Distribusi Listrik
Departemen Teknik Elektro ITB
 The Admittance Model
and
Network Calculation

Silabus :

o Branch and Node Admittance

o Mutually Coupled Branches
o Equivalent Admittance Network
o Modificacion of ( Y )bus
o The Network Incidences Matrice
o Methode of Successive Elimination
o Node Elimination ( KRON Reduction )
o Trianguar Factorization
o Sparsity and Near-Optimal Ordering
o Tutorial
Pendahuluan

Jaringan Transmisi
Generator Primary
Step-Up Distribution Feeder
Transformer Substation

Transmission Sub-Transmission
GEN

13,8 kV 500 kV 150 kV

20 kV

3Φ Reclozer 1Φ
Lateral
Secondary
Consumer
GEN

Distribution
Transformer
3Φ Mains
Feeder

TYPICAL ELECTRIC SUPPLY SYSTEM

 Jaringan Tenaga Listrik
‰ Fungsi :
Menyalurkan energi listrik yang dari suatu pusat Catu daya tenaga
listrik ke pusat beban listrik (Konsumen)

‰ Komponen Utama & Tegangan Standard Jaringan di Indonesia

Jaringan Transmissi ( 70 KV, 70 KV, 90 KV,150 KV & 500 KV )

Gardu Induk ( In/Out going Bay, Coupler, Transformator, )
Jaringan Distribusi Primer ( 6 KV, 12 KV, 20 KV,30 KV )
Jaringan Distribusi Sekunder ( 380/220 Volt, 220/127 Volt)

‰ Klasifikasi Jaringan berdasarkan Fungsi

Jaringan Transmissi,( diatas 50 KV )

Jaringan Distribusi Primer, ( diatas 1 KV s/d 50 KV )
Jaringan Distribusi Sekunder ( diatas 50 Volt s/d 1KV )
Jaringan Utility
Jaringan Interkoneksi
Jaringan Kendali ( dibawah 220 Volt )
Jaringan Tenaga Listrik

‰ Klasifikasi Jaringan berdasarkan Level Tegangan

Jaringan Teg. Ultra Tinggi ( diatas 800 KV )
Jaringan Teg. Ekstra Tinggi ( diatas 150 KV s/d 800 KV )
Jaringan Teg. Tinggi ( diatas 30 KV s/d 150 KV )
Jaringan Teg. Menengah ( diatas 1 KV s/d 30 KV )
Jaringan Teg. Rendah( diatas 50 Volt s/d 1 KV )
Jaringan Teg. Sangat Rendah( dibawah 50 Volt )

‰ Konfigurasi Topologi Jaringan Tenaga Listrik

Radial ( -Æ JTR )
Loop/Ring ( -Æ JTM & JTT )
Grid ( -Æ JTT )
Spindel ( -Æ JTM )
Epi/Cluster ( -Æ JTM )
Jaringan Tenaga Listrik
Radial

Spindel

Loop

Cluster

Grid

Konfigurasi Topologi Jaringan Tenaga Listrik

 Urutan Materi Kuliah
Branch and Branch
Branch and Node Admittance
Node Admittance Nodal Equation Mutually Coupled Branches
Equivalent Admittance Network
Modificacion of ( Y )bus
The Network Incidences Matrice
Mutually Coupled MCB Methode of Successive Elimination
Node Elimination ( KRON Reduction )
Branches Nodal Equation Trianguar Factorization
Sparsity and Near-Optimal Ordering
Tutorial

Equivalent Modification of
Admittance Network Y bus

Network
Incidence Matrix

Gauss Elimination Sparsity-Near

Methode KRON Triangular Opt. Ordering
Reduction Factorisation

Invers of Y bus
Network Matrice
 1. Branch and Node Admittances
Kesetaraan Sumber Tegangan dan Sumber Arus
Æ dari geneator : ( Ya admittance & Za impedance primitive )

Sumber Tegangan : Sumber Arus :

Kriteria Kesetaraan Sumber Tegangan dan Sumber Arus :

 Branch and Node Admittances
Transformasi : Branch equation to Nodal equation

Persamaan karakteristik arus dan tegangan : Cabang / Branch ------> internal equation
Transformasi : Branch equation to Nodal equation Branch and Node Admittances

Persamaan karakteristik arus dan tegangan : Nodal ---Æ external equation Persamaan Arus Nodal :
f ( arus branch )
---Æ arus injeksi nodal

Persamaan Tegangan Nodal :

f ( drop teg.cab )

Branch Equation --

Branch Nodal Equation ---Æ

Branch Nodal Equation n reference node ; Coefficient matrices of Nodal equations ;

Branch and Node Admittances : example 7.1
Individual Branches Nodal Equations
Reactance diagram. Node o reference
Single-line diagram : Sistem 4 bus
& Voltages in pu

PU Admittance Diagram.
Current sources replacing Voltages
sources
Branches name correspond to a -Æ g
X (ij) --Æ Y (ij) = 1 / Z (ij) Nodal Admittances Matrices
Branch and Node Admittances
Nodal Admittances Matrices

Nodal Admittances Equations

2. Mutually Coupled Branches in Y bus
Misalkan :

Za connected between node m & n

Zb connected between node p & q
Va voltage drop due to Ia
Vb voltage drop due to Ib

Primitive Admittance Matrice of two branches :

 Branches Primitive Admittance Matrix Nodal Primitive Admittance Matrix

Voltage-drop matrix equations :

Injected current matrix equations :

 Nodal Primitive Admittance Matrix Coefficient Matrix of Nodal Admittance Matices :

Example 7.2

Dua cabang dengan Z = j0,25

Memiliki coupling Zm = j0,15.
Tentukan Nodal Admittance Matrix
& Tuliskan pers. Admitansi nodalnya

a. Primitive impedances
b. Primitive admittances
 a. Primitive impedances
b. Primitive admittances

Coefficient Matrix of Nodal Admittance Matices :

 Coefficient Nodal Admittance Matrix adalah :

a. Primitive impedances
b. Primitive admittances
Nodal Admittance Matrix adalah :

Pers. Admitansi nodalnya

Three branches with Mutal coupling

Zm1 between a and b, Zm2 between
a and c
Three branches with Mutal coupling
Zm1 between a and b, Zm2 between
a and c
 Arus injeksi pada node m :
3. An Equivalent Admittance Network

Tambahkan YM.Vm di ruas kanan :

Dengan cara yang sama dengan diatas,

Dapat ditulis untuk In dan Ip :
 Example 7.3 Replace branches b and c between node-paires (1) – (3) and (2) – (3) by mutually coupled branches
Find Y bus and the Nodal equations of Network.

Admittance diagram awal

Mutually coupled branches

a. Primitive impedances
b. Primitive admittances

Nodal Admittance Matrix of Mutually coupled branches

Admittance diagram
Setelah diganti
Admittance diagram Nodal Admittance
Setelah diganti Network

Nodal Admittance Equation

Two admittance between 1 – 2

combine in paralel
4. Modification of Y bus
Modifikasi Y bus dengan menambah branche Ya
terhubung pada node m dan n
Branches Nodal Admittance Equation =
The change matrix Y bus
Ya
m n

1 -1 Ya
-1 1
Network

Nodal Mutually coupled

Example 7.4

Determine the bus admittance matrix of the network fig. A, by remove the effects of mutual coupling from Y bus fig. B.

B
A

Y bus of fig B
5. The Network Incidence Matrik and Y bus.
Reference
Example 7.5 Determine the per-unit bus admittance matrix of ex. Fig 7.11 using the tree shown in fig 7.13 with
Reference node 0

Fig.7.11
Fig.7.13
Example 7.6 Solve the node equation of example 7.5 to find the bus voltage by inverting the
bus admitance matrix
6. The Methode of Succsesive elimination.

Step 1
Step 2
Step 3

Step 4
Example 7.7

Step 1
Step 2

Step 3
Ada yang kurang
Step 4
7. Node Elimination ( Kron Reduction ).

Example 7.8
8. Triangular Factorization
Example 7.9
Example 7.10
9. Sparsity and Near-Optimal Ordering.