PRACTICE SET 2

MATHEMATICAL LANGUAGE AND SYMBOLS

Name: Dan Karlo D. Masanegra College/Program: CEE Date: 11/04/22

D. Choose a quantity to be represented by a variable, then write a mathematical

expression for each. Do not solve.

1. Angelo’s age in five years

Let x be Angelo’s present age.
X+5=Angelo’s age after five years

2. A three-digit number whose hundreds digit is half the tens digit and the tens
digit is 2 more than the units digit
Let, X=hundreds digit, Y=tens digit, and Z=the unit
Then X=Y/2, and Y=Z+2

3. The total interest earned after one year when Php 100 000 is invested, part of
6% annual interest rate and the remaining part at 7.5% annual interest rate
Let Y =total interest, Let X= invested money
Annual interest rate= x(0.06), Annual interest rate= x(0.075)
Therefore Y= x(0.06) + x(0.075)

4. The distance travelled by a man driving at the rate of 60 kph

Let d be the distance travelled, and t as the time
d=(t)(60kph)

5. The total distance travelled by a boat 1 hour upstream and 30 minutes

downstream in which the rate of current is 3 kph
Let d be the distance and Let K be the total distance
dupstream=1hr(3kph)
ddownstream=0.5hr(3kph)
Then K=dupstream + ddownstream

6. The fraction of work done by a man who can finish a job in 2 hours
Let x be the work done
Therefore x:2hrs
7. The percentage of alcohol in a mixture of 3/4 liter of pure water and x liters of
8% alcohol solution
Let L be liters
Total mixture (L) = x + 0.75
Water (L) = ¾ or 0.75 liters
Alcohol (L)= (0.08)x
% of alcohol in the mixture = 100 (0.08x) / (x+0.75)

8. The age of a woman 15 years ago

Let x be the present age of the woman and Y be the age 15 years ago
Therefore Y= x-15

9. The perimeter of a rectangle whose length is twice the width

Let p be the perimeter of a rectangle, L as the length, and W as the width
Therefore L= 2W

10. The sum of three consecutive even integers

Let W, X, Y be the three consecutive even numbers and Z as the result
Therefore W+X+Y=Z

11. A three-digit number whose hundreds digit is twice the tens digit and the tens
digit is 3 more that the units digit
Let, X=hundreds digit, Y=tens digit, and Z=the unit
Therefore X=2Y, and Y=Z+3

12. The total peso value of 20 coins consisting of P5-coins and P10-coins
Let x be the unknown number of coins
20 coins = P5 coins + P10 coins + x

13. The total distance travelled by a boat 30 minutes upstream and 25 minutes
downstream in which then rate of the current is 2 kph
dupstream=0.5hr(2kph)
ddownstream=0.416hr(2kph)
Then K=dupstream + ddownstream

14. The fraction of work done by a man who can finish a job in 3 hours and 20
minutes
Let x be the work done by the man
Therefore x:3.3hrs
 15. The percentage of alcohol in a mixture formed by combining 1 liter of pure
water and x liters of 40% alcohol solution
Let L be liters
Total mixture (L) = x + 1
Water (L) = 1 liters
Alcohol (L)= (0.4)x
% of alcohol in the mixture = 100 (0.4x) / (x+1)

E. State whether or not the following are statements. In the case of a statement,
indicate if it is true or false.

1. All perfect squares are even numbers.

2. Every decimal number is a rational number.
3. The summation 100 1 . i i = 
4. Either x is divisible by 3 or it is not.
5. The sum of two real numbers is a real number.
6. If 2x + 7 = x, then x = –7
7. 12e t
8. {x x: ∈ ℕ}
9. The function F
10. The sine function is an odd function.
11. For all x > 0, |x| = x
12. 2 x 1 x +
13. The gcd (1, 2) is 2.
14. x 2 + 2x + 1 = 0.
15. All squares are rectangles.
16. The square root of two is four.
17. 5 ∙ 4 + 3 = 35
18. a + b (c – d) = a + bc + a– bd
19. 3 divides 5
20. Two is the only even number that is prime

Answers:
1. Mathematical statement. False
2. Mathematical statement. True
3. Not
4. Mathematical statement. True
5. Mathematical statement. True
6. Mathematical statement. True
7. Not
 8. Mathematical statement. True
9. Not
10. Mathematical statement. True
11. Mathematical statement. True
12. Not
13. Mathematical statement. True
14. Mathematical statement. True
15. Mathematical statement. True
16. Mathematical statement. False
17. Mathematical statement. False
18. Mathematical statement. False
19. NOT
20. Mathematical statement. True

F. Complete the table below.

Symbol Say Means Example
1. f(x) f of x to determine the f(x)=2x where x=2
value of x f(2)=2(2)
f(2)=4
2. logax Log base a of x A fixed number, the Log327
base must be raised =
to produce a given 3
number
3. √y Square root of y A number which √16
produces a quantity =
that can be multiplied 4
by itself
4. l x-y l The absolute value of to get the positive l3–5l=2
x minus y result
5. P(x,y) Point x and y The point in the P(1,2) can be found
cartesian plane on the upper right of
the cartesian plane
as the coordinates
are positive
6. alb a pipe b It means that a 2l16, it is true as 2

divides b divides 16
7. a ∙ b a times b It means the (3)(3)=9
multiplication of a
number
8. x^2 x raised to the It means that a base 3^3=27
 second power number is raised to
the exponent
9. R Real number Union of both rational 1,2,5,9, -2, 0, 1, 1/2,
and irrational 2.5, √3, π(22/7)
numbers
10. a > b a is greater than b It means that a
number is 27>3
significantly larger in
comparison
11. a ∈ ℕ a is an element of the Natural numbers are
natural numbers used for counting 1,2,3,4,5,6
and ordering
numbers
12. ln x Natural log of ex This means log3x ln 27 = 3.23
13. x : y x to y It means the ratio 1:2
14. x ÷ y x divided by y It means the division 16 ÷ 2 = 8
of numbers
15. a/b a over b It means the fractions 1/3