Professional Documents
Culture Documents
I. Read about a famous photo, then answer the questions about the
text, choosing either A, B, C or D as the best answer.
A Revolutionary Photo
It is perhaps the most reproduced, recycled and ripped off image of the 20th
сentury. Che Guevara, his eyes framed by heavy brows, a single-starred beret
pulled over his unruly hair, stares out of the shot with glowering intensity. It's now
more than 50 years since the Argentine-born rebel was shot dead, so any young
radicals who cheered on his revolutionary struggles in Cuba and Bolivia are well
into middle age.
But the image has been infinitely repeated - emblazoned on T-shirts and
sprayed on to walls, transformed into pop art and used to wrap ice-creams and sell
cigarettes - and its appeal has not faded. "There is no other image like it. What
other image has been sustained in this way?" asks Trisha Ziff, the curator of a
touring exhibition on the iconography of Che. "Che Guevara has become a brand.
And the brand's logo is the image, which represents change. It has becomes the
icon of the outside thinker, at whatever level - whether it is anti-war, pro-green or
anti-globalization," she says.
The unchecked proliferation of the picture - based on a photograph by
Alberto Korda in 1960 - is partly due to a political choice by Korda and others not
to demand payment for non-commercial use of the image. Jim Fitzpatrick, who
Обособленное структурное подразделение «Центр поддержки одаренных детей
«Стратегия» ГАУДПО ЛО «ИРО». Заочная школа.
Вступительная контрольная работа
produced the ubiquitous high-contrast drawing in the late 1960s as a young graphic
artist, said he actively wanted his art to be disseminated.
"I deliberately designed it to breed like rabbits," he says of his image, which
removes the original photograph's shadows and volume to create a stark and
emblematic graphic portrait. "I was determined that the image should receive the
broadest possible circulation," he adds.
For Ms Ziff, Che Guevara's murder also marks the beginning of the mythical
image. "The birth of the image happens at the death of Che in October 1967," she
says. "He was good-looking, he was young, but more than that, he died for his
ideals, so he automatically becomes an icon."
The story of the original photograph, of how it left Cuba and was carried by
admirers to Europe before being reinterpreted in Mr Fitzpatrick's iconic drawing, is
a fascinating journey in its own right. Alberto Korda captured his famous frame on
5 March 1960 during a mass funeral in Havana. A day earlier, a French cargo ship
loaded with ammunition had exploded in the city's harbour, killing some 80
Cubans - an act Fidel Castro blamed on the US. Korda, Fidel Castro's official
photographer, describes Che's expression in the picture, which he labelled
"Guerrillero Heroico" (the heroic fighter), as "encabronadao y dolente" - angry and
sad. Unpublished, the picture was seen only by those who passed through Korda's
studio, where it hung on a wall.
One man who brought the image to Europe was the leftist Italian intellectual,
Giangiacomo Feltrinelli, who distributed posters across Italy in 1967. After that,
Korda's photograph made an appearance in several European magazines. Mr
Fitzpatrick first came across a tiny version of it in the German weekly. Only
months later, when he finally got his hands on a larger version of the photograph,
was he able to produce the image that has such universal appeal. "I'd got an
original copy of the image sent to me by a guy involved with a group of Dutch
anarchists, called the Provo."
Обособленное структурное подразделение «Центр поддержки одаренных детей
«Стратегия» ГАУДПО ЛО «ИРО». Заочная школа.
Вступительная контрольная работа
II. In the following text, six sentences or parts of sentences have been
removed. Choose from the sentences (A-G) the one which fits each
gap (1-6). Remember, there is one extra sentence you do not need to
use.
A. Or break his neck.
B. The dun looked at him nervously as he started to gallop.
C. It may have been his saddle creaking, but with the noise in the
background, he wasn't sure.
D. No cattle appeared to be in the area.
E. But now their summer "vacation" was ending.
F. He dismounted from the nervous dun.
G. His mid-morning smoke break was needed.
A Name to Bear
Three thousand head of bawling Hereford cattle were being collected from
little grassy patches and wooded breaks up in Togwotee Pass country. The cool
mountain air was relatively free from the swarms of biting flies and gnats that
would have kept them miserable at the lower elevations and the high meadows had
made the red and white cattle sleek and fat during the spring and summer. (1)
Fall was coming to the northern Wyoming mountains at the southern edge of
the Absaroka range. It was time to push the animals back into the low country for
the shelter of the valleys and the grass that had grown there during the long
summer days. Eighteen hands from the Hayrake Ranch out from Dubois had
moved into the high country with a chuck wagon and a forty-horse remuda for the
three-day roundup.
A leather-faced Jamie Alden sat hipshod in his saddle at the edge of one of
the high meadows; hand rolled cigarette pinched between his thumb and
forefinger. (2) He had been "brush bustin'" steadily since he had mounted the big
rawboned dun at first light.
Обособленное структурное подразделение «Центр поддержки одаренных детей
«Стратегия» ГАУДПО ЛО «ИРО». Заочная школа.
Вступительная контрольная работа
The large, muscular man patted the sweating horse on the neck, soothing the
fidgeting animal, "Just rest a minute. We'll catch up to 'em." He would work this
horse until noon, then pull a sleek bay gelding out of the remuda for the afternoon.
The herd dogs had just routed a large old cow and two calves from a gully at
the edge of the meadow. After a few futile lunges and bawls at the yipping dogs,
the old cow remembered her lessons from years gone by. She conceded the
dodging contest to the persistence of the two black and white shepherds, and led
her bleating twins in a bounding retreat down the draw to join the other upset cows
and calves bawling on a grassy bench fifty yards down the slope.
As the lowing, yipping and bleating receded from the meadow, Jamie
thought he heard a strange noise in a draw over a couple of small ridges. (3) It
sounded like a calf bleating, but he had seen two of the other cowboys working
that area just as he had come into the meadow.
"Well, I reckon we better check. Those boys musta missed somethin'." He
pinched the fire off the spent cigarette and pulled the paper from the remaining
butt, scattering little shreds of black and brown tobacco on the ground at the
horse's hoofs. The dun responded to the neckreining and headed in the direction
indicated by the cowboy, scrambling up the steep little scree and greasewood brush
slope of the second ridge. At the top Jamie scanned from one side to the other,
looking over the little brushy valley for any signs of Hereford. (4) "Well, we better
get on back, ol' buddy. Guess it musta been my 'magination." He started to
neckrein the horse back toward the drive activity when something caught his eye in
the lower part of the draw. To a seasoned cowboy the bright red stain on the leaves
was something that must be checked out. It looked like blood.
Bringing his horse down the slope several yards closer confirmed his
suspicions. (5) Keeping a tight hold on the reins, he walked slowly to the side of
the draw where the commotion had occurred.
Обособленное структурное подразделение «Центр поддержки одаренных детей
«Стратегия» ГАУДПО ЛО «ИРО». Заочная школа.
Вступительная контрольная работа
There was blood on the ground and on one of the scrubby greasewood
bushes nearby. It had obviously been spilled within the last half hour or so. It was
still bright red all the way across the little pools and splashes. None of it had
started to turn dark at the edges. A lot of scuffed area in the leaves and rocks told
of a struggle here this morning.
"Cougar kill a calf here?" He spoke the question to himself, not unusual for
someone used to working so much alone. He also talked to his horse often.
"I reckon I didn' hear this calf. It happened before I got up this high.
Mmmm. They usually just choke 'em, don't bleed 'em right away." The
unmistakable partial prints where the claws of the bear had scuffed the leaves and
trash away to hard ground in the attack were obvious.
"Bear would be more likely to choke 'im, too. (6) Either way, wouldn't be
no blood like this. Unless this blood come from a real young calf. That's it. Musta
been tender enough that its throat tore when th' bear grabbed him. Hmmm,
mebbeso that ol' momma cow ... naw, this track was made by one o' them big bulls.
"I reckon this ol' bull made it hot for th' bear, an th' calf's throat come loose
from th' wrench o' th' fightin. Anyway th' bear got th' calf. Yeah, there's some more
blood leadin off up th' draw. An' judgin' by th' size o' that track there, it must be a
big un."
He studied the marks on the disturbed ground a few minutes. "We don't get
many blacks that big an' I ain't seen a griz in these parts for a while. I think we got
one now, though. 'Em boys at th' chuck's gonna be mighty innerested in these
doins."
The cowboy looked past the head of the draw. There were numerous rock
lined, scree-filled gullies coming off the upper part of the mountain. "Reckon he's
prob'ly up there somewheres fillin' his gut about now."
Обособленное структурное подразделение «Центр поддержки одаренных детей
«Стратегия» ГАУДПО ЛО «ИРО». Заочная школа.
Вступительная контрольная работа
III. Read about four sports, then answer the questions. For each
question, choose which sport is the correct answer.
Cricket
Cricket is a sport which is played between two teams of eleven players each
who score runs (points) by running between two sets of three small, wooden posts
called wickets. Each of the wickets is at one end of a rectangle of flattened grass
called the pitch. Around the pitch is a much larger oval of grass called the cricket
ground. The edge of the cricket ground is often marked by a rope. If a player hits
the hard red ball to the rope, he gets four runs. If it gets past the rope without
hitting the ground, he gets six runs which is the most runs you can get with one
shot.
The game started in England in the 16th century. The earliest definite
reference to the sport is in a court case of 1598. The court in Guildford heard a
coroner, John Derrick, that when he was a scholar at the "Free School at
Guildford", fifty years earlier, "he and diverse of his fellows did run and play [on
the common land] at cricket and other players". Later, the game spread to countries
of the British Empire in the 19th and 20th centuries.
Baseball
Baseball is a sport played on a field by two teams against each other. In
baseball, a player on one team throws a small round ball at a player on the other
team, who tries to hit it with a bat. Then the player who hits the ball has to run
around the field. Players score points by running around in a full circle around
three markers on the ground called bases, to back where they started, which is
called home plate. They have to do this without getting caught by the players on
the other team.
Baseball started in the United States in the 1700s and 1800s, but historians
are not sure who invented it. Many people in North America, South America, and
East Asia play baseball, but the sport is most popular in the United States and
Обособленное структурное подразделение «Центр поддержки одаренных детей
«Стратегия» ГАУДПО ЛО «ИРО». Заочная школа.
Вступительная контрольная работа
Japan. In the U.S., baseball is called the national pastime, because so many people
in the United States used to spend a lot of time playing or watching baseball
games. Today, though, most Americans follow football more than baseball,
especially when it comes time for the Super Bowl.
Badminton
Badminton is a sport for two or four people. The game is either one player
against one player or a team of two players against another team of two players.
Players use rackets to hit a shuttlecock over a net.
The aim of the game is to hit the shuttlecock over the net in a way that the
other player or pair cannot hit it back properly before it hits the floor. Every time
this is done, the player or pair gets one point. They also get to serve. The first
player or pair to reach 21 points wins a game. The winner of the match is the first
to win 2 sets.
Badminton traces its history to a game called George Cajoles, which was
played in Pune, India in the 19th century by the British military officers stationed
there. This game was taken by retired officers back to England where it developed
and quickly grew in popularity.
In 1877, the first set of written rules were arranged by the newly formed
Bath Badminton Club. The All England Open Badminton Championships, the first
badminton competition in the world, was held in 1899. Badminton has been an
Olympic sport since 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona. Although badminton
originated in England, it is mainly played in countries of Asia such as China,
Indonesia and the Republic of Korea that now dominates this sport.
Basketball
Basketball is a handball game usually played by two teams of five players on
the court. A basketball is a spherical object that rolls and bounces. The objective is
to get the ball through a hoop mounted high on a backboard at back end. It is a
very popular sport worldwide, played with a round and usually orange ball that
Обособленное структурное подразделение «Центр поддержки одаренных детей
«Стратегия» ГАУДПО ЛО «ИРО». Заочная школа.
Вступительная контрольная работа
bounces. Basketball players mainly use skills such as dribbling, shooting, running,
and jumping.
The game is played between men's teams or between women's teams.
Basketball has been played in the Summer Olympic Games since 1936. The shot
clock rule started in 1954. The first basketball game took place in 1892, where the
court was half the size of what it is today.
In early December 1891, James Naismith, a Canadian physical education
teacher at Springfield College in Springfield, Massachusetts invented an indoor
game called basketball. He invented the sport to keep his students from becoming
bored during the winter. Naismith wrote the basic rules and then nailed a peach
basket onto a 20-foot tall pole. Unlike modern basketball hoops, the bottom of the
peach-basket was still there, so after a point was scored, somebody had to get the
ball out of the basket with a long stick. Over time, people made a hole at the
bottom of the basket so the ball could go through more easily.
Which sport...?
1. Involves the lowest number of players?
a) cricket
b) baseball
c) badminton
d) basketball
2. Used to be played on a much smaller area?
a) cricket
b) baseball
c) badminton
d) basketball
3. Originated with people working overseas?
a) cricket
b) baseball
Обособленное структурное подразделение «Центр поддержки одаренных детей
«Стратегия» ГАУДПО ЛО «ИРО». Заочная школа.
Вступительная контрольная работа
c) badminton
d) basketball
4. Has become less popular in the country that invented it?
a) cricket
b) baseball
c) badminton
d) basketball
5. Has the longest history?
a) cricket
b) baseball
c) badminton
d) basketball
6. Involves players running in circles?
a) cricket
b) baseball
c) badminton
d) basketball
7. Was invented by someone involved in education?
a) cricket
b) baseball
c) badminton
d) basketball
8. Was made easier by destroying something?
a) cricket
b) baseball
c) badminton
d) basketball
9. Is not played with a coloured ball?
Обособленное структурное подразделение «Центр поддержки одаренных детей
«Стратегия» ГАУДПО ЛО «ИРО». Заочная школа.
Вступительная контрольная работа
a) cricket
b) baseball
c) badminton
d) basketball
IV. For each space, choose ONE word which you think best completes
the sentence. Look carefully at the words both before and after each space.
1. There were very ______people at the party when we arrived but half an
hour later, it was crowded.
2. How was I to know that she would have an allergic reaction ______ the
nuts in the cake? She should have said something!
3. Arthritis is a very painful _______ that affects not only the old but also
many younger people making many everyday activities difficult.
4. He said he couldn't come to the meeting because of a previous
engagement but I think he is just ______ excuses.
5. You were driving at over fifty miles _______ hour and the limit here is
only forty.
6. I ________ to go to school now, otherwise I will be late.
7. I can eat almost ________ type of fish or seafood except for octopus
which I can't stand.
8. The city is pretty safe although you may have some problems if you go
into certain neighborhoods ________ night.
IV. For each question, choose which of the four possible answers fits the
space best and write THE CORRECT LETTER
1. This house is so old now. When it rains, the windows leak and the roof
needs to be replaced soon.________, we love it and would never move to another.
a. nevertheless
b. although
Обособленное структурное подразделение «Центр поддержки одаренных детей
«Стратегия» ГАУДПО ЛО «ИРО». Заочная школа.
Вступительная контрольная работа
c. though
d. despite
2. You can't ignore this problem any longer. You have to ________ with it
so we can go on with the plan.
a. deal
b. do
c. solve
d. beat
3. I don't like watching soap operas and films on TV. I prefer documentaries
with ________people talking about their lives.
a. reality
b. real
c. authentic
d. genuine
4. Has someone moved the drinks _________the table while I was gone? I'm
sure that glass in front of Peter was mine.
a. off
b. along
c. around
d. on
5. We couldn't find the hotel and it was getting dark ________we got out a
map and studied it carefully.
a. so
b. and
c. but
d. if
6. Well, according to the timetable, a bus should be along in________ two
minutes. But I wouldn't be surprised if we had to wait another half an hour!
Обособленное структурное подразделение «Центр поддержки одаренных детей
«Стратегия» ГАУДПО ЛО «ИРО». Заочная школа.
Вступительная контрольная работа
a. less
b. below
c. about
d. round
7. Martin Jones,________ as the Gentle Bank Robber during his three-year
reign, was jailed for 25 years today at the Central Court.
a. named
b. reputed
c. called
d. known
8. I was born about 30km _________Rome but have always lived in Great
Britain.
a. from
b. to
c. far
d. near
VI. For each question, fill the space in the sentence using the base word
given in bold at the end. The required word may be a noun, adverb, adjective
or verb and it may be either positive (e.g. helpful) or negative (e.g. unhelpful).
1. The Sultan spent over fifty million dollars making the capital city's main
hotel the most ________in the country.
luxury
2. Police working on solving the bank robbery have by chance _______a
plan to murder a leading politician.
cover
Обособленное структурное подразделение «Центр поддержки одаренных детей
«Стратегия» ГАУДПО ЛО «ИРО». Заочная школа.
Вступительная контрольная работа
2. The strong winds blew down the two ancient trees during the storm.
blown
The two ancient trees ______________the storm.
3. He doesn't have enough money to buy the computer.
too
The computer _________________to buy.
4. "You should start a new hobby, Mr. Jenkins", the doctor said.
take
The Doctor advised ______________a new hobby.
5. We have been waiting here since half past ten.
for
We have been waiting ____________one hour.
6. The man suddenly realised that the neighbor was watching him.
watched
The man suddenly realised that he ____________the neighbor.
7. I could never have passed that exam without your help.
you
I could never have passed that exam _______________me.
8. We paid some people to landscape the garden for us last year.
had
We _______________last year.
D) he is
E) present
6. I'm simply surprised at your lack of authority over him. Why can't
you_______him eat his dinner?
A) persuade
B) ask
C) make
D) tell
E) force
7. Have you heard the great news, Ali? The man, ________ refused your
proposal last year, has been arrested for embezzlement of government funds.
A) whose daughter
B) whom
C) who have repeatedly
D) that
E) when he
8. Would you believe it! ________was no other than our poor old
postman who had fallen into that pond still holding onto his mail bags.
A) Someone
B) It
C) Somebody
D) Who
E) Man
9. The desperate voice over the phone says: Darling, I've got news for you:
my niece Meltem, together with her husband, six children, two dogs and three
cats,_______come to stay with us for a whole month.
A) are to
B) ____
Обособленное структурное подразделение «Центр поддержки одаренных детей
«Стратегия» ГАУДПО ЛО «ИРО». Заочная школа.
Вступительная контрольная работа
C) had
D) has
E) have
10. No matter how hard I tried to make them understand, they just
wouldn't take my word for______I said,_______ annoyed me very much.
A) what / which
B) that / which
C) that / that
D) which / that
E) which / which
11. Yes, I know you're tired and sleepy, but let me remind you one thing:
If you_______up all night to watch that stupid film, the world would look much
brighter this morning, wouldn't it?!
A) wouldn't stay
B) would have stayed
C) hadn't stayed
D) would stay
E) had stayed
12. What a smart suit that is you've got on. It ________cost you a fortune
to buy.
A) ought to have
B) should have
C) needn't have
D) can't have
E) must have
13. The work had________under extremely difficult conditions.
A) been doing
B) completed
Обособленное структурное подразделение «Центр поддержки одаренных детей
«Стратегия» ГАУДПО ЛО «ИРО». Заочная школа.
Вступительная контрольная работа
C) to be done
D) done
E) to complete
14. They have the poor_______ girl the whole house twice a day.
A) cleaned
B) to clean
C) cleans
D) will clean
E) clean
15. ________two months at sea, he came back healthier than ever.
A) Spending
B) Being spent
C) Having spent
D) While spending
E) Having been spent
16. ________rich people are, they never seem satisfied with their lot and
are always anxious to make ________more money.
A) No matter how / still
B) Although / some
C) So much / so much
D) Many / much
E) Whoever / that
17. His wife begged him not to drink too much ________he would be
driving them home after the party.
A) therefore
B) so
C) whether
D) that
Обособленное структурное подразделение «Центр поддержки одаренных детей
«Стратегия» ГАУДПО ЛО «ИРО». Заочная школа.
Вступительная контрольная работа
E) as
IX. For questions 1-10, think of one word only which can be used
appropriately in all three sentences.
1. I recognised Paul immediately as he has an unusual _______ of walking.
We had to walk along _______ to the beach after we’d parked the car.
Обособленное структурное подразделение «Центр поддержки одаренных детей
«Стратегия» ГАУДПО ЛО «ИРО». Заочная школа.
Вступительная контрольная работа
8. When Frank saw Sally’s new car, he was _______ with envy.
The committee is totally against any new building in a _______ belt area.
I obviously haven’t got _______ fingers because I can’t get anything to grow.
9. Could you _______ out how much I owe you?
I can’t get my new camera to _______ properly.
The students felt they would _______ more efficiently if they had their own
computers.
10. So what do you _______ of everything going on at the school at the moment?
I’ve been asked to _______ a speech when Anna gets her music prize.
I’d like to _______ a bit more money if I could, because the cost of living is
rising all the time.