QUANTITATIVE ABILITY HANDOUT
(Probability)
Ref: QAHO1002129
Directions for questions 1 to 20: Solve the following questions.
1. When seven unbiased coins are tossed,
(i) what is the probability of getting five heads?
(ii) what is the probability of getting at least two
heads?
2. When a fair die is rolled twice,
(i) what is the probability that the sum of the
outcomes is 8?
(ii) what is the probability that the sum of the
outcomes is atleast five?
3. A card is drawn from a pack of cards. What is the
probability that it is a
(i) club?
(ii) black card?
(iii) king?
(iv) red or numbered card?
4. If two cards are drawn simultaneously from a pack
of cards, what is the probability that both have
(i) the same colour?
(ii) differentcolours?
5. All the honour cards from a pack of cards are taken
and shuffled. If two cards are drawn simultaneously
from them, what is the probability that they have the
same honour but different colours?
6. A bag has twelve balls of which four are red, five are
green and remaining are black.
(i) If three balls are selected simultaneously,
what is the probability that they have different
colours?
(ii) If three balls are selected successively (without
replacement), what is the probability that they
have different colours?
(iii) If three balls are selected successively (with
replacement), what is the probability that they
have different colours?
7. Bag A contains four white and six black balls and
bag B contains six white and four black balls.
(i) If one bag is selected at random and two balls
are drawn simultaneously from it, what is the
probability that both have different colours?
(ii) If one ball is selected from each bag, what is the
probability that they have the same colour?
8. If one number is selected from the first 100 natural
numbers, what is the probability it is divisible by
6 or 5?
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9. There are two factories I and II which produce 1500
and 4500 nuts respectively. Factory I and Factory II
have defect rates of 4% and 12% respectively.
One defective nut is chosen at random from the set
of defective nuts. Find the probability that it is
producedby factory II.
10. There are five people in a room. What is the
probability that exactly two of them were born on the
same day of the week while no two of the others
were born on the same day of the week?
11. The probability that A can solve a problem is .
The probability that B can solve the problem is .
What is the probability that at least one of them can
solve the problem?
12. The probability of a test takersolving a problem
correctlyin a test is . Out of six problems, find the
probability that atleast one problem is solved
correctly.
13. The odds in favour of A completing a task are 4 : 5.
The odds against B completing the task are 3 : 7
and the odds against C not completing the task
are 3 : 7.
(i) What is the probability that all of them complete
the task?
(ii) What is the probability that none of them
complete the task?
(iii) What is the probability that atleast one of them
completes the task?
(iv) What is the probability that exactly one of them
completes the task?
14. A and B play a game of dice with one die. Whoever
rolls an even prime number first wins the game.
If A starts the game, what is the probability that
A wins the game?
15. (i) Ravi rotates a roulette wheel which has
markings from 1 to 30. If the wheel stops
at a multiple of 5, he wins `20 and if it stops at
a multiple of 8, he wins `25. Each time Ravi
has to pay an amountof`5 as participation fee
In the long run, what isthe average profit he
makes per game?
(ii) Rohit plays a game of dice. If an even number
turns up, he is paid an amount of `20. If an odd
number turns up, he has to pay an amount of
QAHO1002129/1
 `30. Find the expected amount that he is
paid/has to pay per game in the long run.
ADDITIONAL QUESTIONS FOR PRACTICE
Directions for questions 1 to 5: Solve the following questions.
1. The ratio of the number of officers to workers in city
A and city B is 6 : 5 and 5 : 11 respectively.
A person belonging to one of the cities is selected
as a mayor of both the cities. The probability that he
is from city A is . If only officers or workers can
serve as the mayor, find the probability that he is
an officer.
2. The probability of a bomb hitting a target is
The least number of bombs that should be dropped
to ensure that the probability of the target getting
bombed is at least 0.9 is______.
3. Forty biased coins are tossed. The probability of
heads appearing on any of the coins is p. If the
probability of heads appearing on 20 coins is the
same as that on 21 coins,find p.
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16. A man walks only either one step forward or one
step backward at a time. The probability of the man
taking a step forward is and the probability of the
man taking a step backward is .
(i) What is the probability that after 7 steps, he is
one step away from his starting point?
(ii) What is the probability that after 6 steps, he is
one step away from his starting point?
17. Four honour cards are selected from a pack of
cards. What is the probability that all the cards have
the same honour on them?
18. Two small 1  1 squares are selected at random
from a 8  8 chessboard. What is the probability that
they are in the same row or the same column?
19. Bag X contains 8 red and 9 black balls. Bag Y
contains 7 red and 11 black balls. After one ball is
selected randomly from bag X and put into Bag Y,
one ball is selected from Y. What is the probability
that it is red?
20. A test has six questions onEnglish and seven
questions on Maths. A student attempts five
questions. What is the probability that he attempted
atleast one Maths question?
4. In a casino game involving a die, a player gets to
roll the die 1000 times for an entry fee of `1500.
The player gets `5 each time he rolls an even
number and he has to pay `3 each time he rolls an
odd number. If the die is biased and shows an
even number three out of four times, should Rajesh
play the game?
. 5. Two men A and B decide to meet at a scheduled
time between 5:00 p.m. and 5:30 p.m. It is decided
that each will wait for the other for 8 minutes and
if the other person doesn’t come, he would leave.
What is the probability that the two men meet?