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Tata Motors PDF
Tata Motors PDF
ON
Submitted to
IN
Submitted by
[Batch: 2014-15]
MBA PROGRAMME
Ahmadabad
1
STUDENTS’ DECLARATION
We, Modi Tanvir & Khorajiya Mahmadarif, hereby declare that the report for
Comprehensive Project entitled “ANALYSIS OF PROFITABILITY OF TATA MOTORS
LIMITED “is a result of our own work and our indebtedness to other work publications,
references, if any, have been duly acknowledged.
Place: ……..
Date:
2
PREFACE:
In today’s world of globalization, opportunities are plenty and they keep knocking at our doors
all the time. One should be bold and ready to take risk and seek the opportunity and put them in
action.
The last few years we have witnessed of changes and rapid development all over the business
world. The era of knowledge based competition is upon us. Today India has come out as a
globalize country. The process of globalization has highly affected the corporate world.
M.B.A. is a professional course. Practical study is very important because practical study is one
of the components of the course.
I have great pleasure in submitting our project report. The project report shall provide a sample
amount of information and comprehensive knowledge of the “TATA MOTORS LTD.”.
The subject ‘practical studies’ particularly helps students to know the actual corporate world, the
anxieties and stress associated with the job which cannot be understood sitting in a classroom.
3
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT:
First of all we would like to thank Gujarat technological university for introducing this subject in
our course which gives us practical knowledge about specified industry. So we are thankful.
We believe an ocean is filled by drops and each and every drop should count, similarly we
should count favor of all our helpers here but this not possible. So forgive us for the same.
We also would like to thank Dr.Vikas Arora dean of management department of Atmiya institute
of technology & science.
Thanking you,
4
TABLE OF CONTENT:
sr. no Topic Page no
PART 1: GENRAL INFORMATION 9
1 About of the company 10
2 Overview of world market 11
3 Overview of Indian market 12
4 Major companies in industry 13
5 Major Product of the company 14
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PART: 2 PRIMARY STUDY
6 Introduction of the study 21
7 Literature review 22
8 Problem statement 24
9 Objectives of the study 25
10 Hypothesis 25
11 Research methodology
11.1 Population 26
11.2 Sampling 26
11.3 Sampling design 26
11.4 Coverage 26
11.5 Data collection 26
12 Data analysis & interpretation 27
13 Result & findings 37
14 Limitation of the study 38
15 Conclusion & suggestion 39
Annexure
Bibliography
5
LIST OF TABLE:
Table. no Topic Page no
1 Table for gross profit margin 27
2 Table for operating profit margin 29
3 Table for net profit margin 31
4 Table for return on total asset 33
5 Table for net profit margin & return on net worth 35
List of chart:
Chart. no Topic Page no
1 Relationship between gross profit &net sales 27
2 Relationship between operating profit &net sales 29
3 Relationship between net profit &net sales 31
4 Relationship between net profit &total assets 33
5 Relationship between net profit margin &return on net 35
worth
6
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY:
TITLE
Study on determining understandability of profitability analysis of TATA MOTORS LTD.
AUTHORIZATION RECOMMENDATION
As a part of Continuous Evaluation for Two Year MBA PROGRAMME complying to
GTU Guidelines we were required to fulfill comprehensive project at an organization or at an
institute. We are glad that we got opportunity to complete this project of TATA motors ltd. We
studied the profitability analysis of TATA motors ltd.
REVIEW
Project was focused on the study of determining understandability of profitability analysis of
TATA motors ltd., for identify the sales ability and profitability of the company We required
details related to project which is helpful us for analysis and understanding the project which
are as under :
PROCESS
We were briefed by our mentor on the first day about our project and its requirement. To fulfill
objective of our comprehensive project, we met with project guide and discuss about our topic.
He gave us proper guidelines about our project continuously during whole project time period
and by the help of him we can complete our project completely and also understand analysis of
the company for making to project effectively
7
CONCLUSION
Finally the company is loss making or rather we can say decreasing their profitability but they
have good future opportunities, it has took carefully at controlling the costs of goods sold
and reduce its expenses to avoid facing difficult financial conditions in the future.
8
PART 1:
GENRAL INFORMATION
9
ABOUT OF THE COMPANY:
Tata Motors Limited (formerly TELCO, short for Tata Engineering and
Locomotive Company) is an Indian multinational automotive manufacturing company
headquartered in Mumbai, Maharashtra, India and a subsidiary of the Tata Group. Its products
include passenger cars, trucks, vans, coaches, buses, construction equipment and military
vehicles. It is the world's 17th-largest motor vehicle manufacturing company, fourth-largest
truck manufacturer, and second-largest bus manufacturer by volume.
10
OVERVIEW OF WORLD MARKET:
Indian Automotive Industry growth decades started in the 1970s. Between 1970 and 1984
cars were considered a luxury product; manufacturing was licensed, expansion was restricted;
The automotive sector in each country faces a range of varying factors particular to their
individual market conditions, and even the most pronounced growth markets in recent years are
now experiencing contraction, including Brazil (-8.9%), Russia (-7.2%), India (-0.8%), Thailand
(-23%) and Argentina (-34.3%).
These large assembly markets are also the most dominant in terms of sales, where
transaction prices remain high. The lure of additional profit through extended retail and
service networks, and aftermarket / accessories opportunities highlight the need for sector
participants to focus on both emerging areas as well as mature.
The macroeconomic environment in China has remained tepid headed into the final
quarter of 2014, with talk of stimulus measures to help revive the market. Given this context,
the sustained growth in new light vehicle sales is even more impressive, reaching 13.6 million
units through August. MPVs continue to drive much of the momentum, growing 47.5% year to
date when compared to the first eight months of 2013.
11
OVERVIEW OF INDIAN MARKET:
The automobile industry is one of the key drivers that boost the economic growth of the
country. Since the de-licensing of the sector in 1991 and the subsequent opening up of 100
percent FDI through automatic route, Indian automobile sector has come a long way. Today,
almost every global auto major has set up facilities in the country.
The world standing for the Indian automobile sector, as per the Confederation of the Indian
industry is as follows:
However, the year 2013-2014 has seen a decline in the industry’s otherwise smooth- running
growth. High inflation, soaring interest rates, low consumer sentiment and rising fuel prices
along with economic slowdown are the major reason for the downturn of the industry.
12
MAJOR COMPANIES IN INDUSTRY:
Audi Ag
Skoda auto
Fiat automobiles
Premier automobiles limited
Tata motors limited
Tata motors
Jaguar cars & land rover
13
MAJOR PRODUCTS OF THE COMPANY:
1. TATA NANO:
Announced as the most affordable production car in the world, Tata aimed for a price
of one lakh rupees, or 100,000, Tata Motors announced in 2006 that the Nano would be
manufactured in Singur, West Bengal. Local farmers soon began protesting the forced
acquisition of their land the new factory entailed. Tata first delayed the Nano launch and later
decided to build the car in a different state, Gujarat, instead.
2. TATA BOLT:
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Tata Bolt is a new hatchback created by Tata Motors under its Falcon programme. The car was
revealed at Indian Auto Expo 2014 along with its sedan version, the Tata Zest. The car is
expected to be launched in Indian markets in the latter half of 2014 after the launch of its sedan
version. The diesel version of Tata Bolt will be fitted with 1.3-litre quadrajet diesel engine
which is already being used on Indica Vista and Manza where as the petrol version of Tata
Bolt will be powered by a new 1.2-litre turbocharged, 89 bhp engine. The new car is based
on existing platforms on which Vista and Manza are built. Tata Bolt will be built at Tata Motor's
Pimpri-Chinchwad plant alongside the Tata Vista and the Tata Indica.
3. TATA VISTA:
The Tata Indica Vista can be considered as the new, improved version of this really popular car.
Tata Indica has sold a lot of units in the country, and the country's premium car manufacturer
realized that it was high time that they improved the car, so that the net is cast wider. The Tata
Indica Vista managed to cater to a wider range of consumers and it come fitted with lot of
different features as well.
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4. TATA INDICA:
The Tata Indica is a supermini car produced by the Indian manufacturer Tata Motors since
1998. It is the first passenger car from Tata Motors and it is also considered India's first
indigenously developed passenger car. As of August 2008, more than 910,000 units were
produced and the platform had spawned off close to 1.2 million vehicles. The annual sales of
Indica has been as high as 144,690 units in 2006–07. As of July 2009, monthly sales of Indica
were around 8000 units. The models have also been exported to Europe, Africa and other
countries since late in 2004.
5. TATA MANZA:
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Tata Manza is next generation sedan from the Indian car company Tata Motors
Limited. The Tata Manza is also known as The Club Class Sedan. [2] There are eight variants
available currently, four each in petrol and diesel.
Manza was first launched on 14 October 2009. It was made available in 4 variants namely Aqua,
Aura, Aura ABS and Elan, Aqua being the entry level variant and Elan being the top most
variant. In October 2012, Manza was re-launched as Manza Club Class.
6. TATA WINGER
The Winger is offered in six variants and two seating configuration: long or short wheelbase,
high and low roof versions and also specialised ambulance and school bus versions, as well as
the plain panel van. The top of the range is a flat roof, air- conditioned variant is a ten-
seater, while the remaining five versions are offered as either 13 or 14 seaters, taking the total
number of variants to 11.
The Winger is powered by a modified version of the 2.0 litre diesel engine that is currently
offered on the Tata sumo. This 1948 cc engine comes with a turbo-charged, inter-cooled (TCIC)
version in all the variants, except in the smaller length, entry-level Winger van. The non-turbo-
charged version of the engine develops a peak power of 68 PS (50 kW) compared to the 90
PS (66 kW) that the TCIC version puts out. The Winger meets Bharat Stage III emission
standards, except for the base variant, which is BS-II compliant
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7. TATA ACE ZIP
After the runaway success of Tata Ace, Tata Motors decided to launch a truck smaller than the
Ace and at the price point of the three-wheeled goods carriers. It was to be a simple design with
truck-like aggregates and was to replace the anachronistic three- wheeled cargo auto rickshaws in
the Indian market. After the success of tata ace and incorporation of the customer/user feedback,
Tata has come up with a new ace in Tata Ace Zip.
8. TATA PRIMA:
Tata Daewoo (officially Tata Daewoo Commercial Vehicle Company and formerly Daewoo
Commercial Vehicle Company) is a commercial vehicle manufacturer
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headquartered in Gunsan, Jeollabuk-do, South Korea, and a wholly owned subsidiary of Tata
Motors. It is the second-largest heavy commercial vehicle manufacturer in South Korea and was
acquired by Tata Motors in 2004. The principal reasons behind the acquisition were to reduce
Tata's dependence on the Indian commercial vehicle market (which was responsible for around
94% of its sales in the MHCV segment and around 84% in the light commercial vehicle
segment) and expand its product portfolio by leveraging on Daewoo's strengths in the heavy-
tonnage sector.
Tata Motors has jointly worked with Tata Daewoo to develop trucks such as Novus and World
Truck and buses including GloBus and StarBus. In 2012, Tata began developing a new line to
manufacture competitive and fuel-efficient commercial vehicles to face the competition posed by
the entry of international brands such as Mercedes-Benz, Volvo, and Navistar into the Indian
market.
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PART: 2
PRIMARY STUDY
20
INTRODUCTION OF THE STUDY:
Profitability is the primary goal of all business ventures. Without profitability the business will
not survive in the long run. So measuring current and past profitability and projecting future
profitability is very important.
Profitability is measured with income and expenses. Income is money generated from the
activities of the business. For example, if crops and livestock are produced and sold, income is
generated. However, money coming into the business from activities like borrowing money does
not create income. This is simply a cash transaction between the business and the lender to
generate cash for operating the business or buying assets.
Expenses are the cost of resources used up or consumed by the activities of the business. For
example, seed corn is an expense of a farm business because it is used up in the production
process. A resource such as a machine whose useful life is more than one year is used up over a
period of years. Repayment of a loan is not an expense; it is merely a cash transfer between the
business and the lender.
Profitability is measured with an “income statement”. This is essentially a listing of income and
expenses during a period of time (usually a year) for the entire business. An Income Statement is
traditionally used to measure profitability of the business for the past accounting period.
However, a “pro forma income statement” measures projected profitability of the business for
the upcoming accounting period. A budget may be used when you want to project profitability
for a particular project or a portion of a business.
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LITERATURE REVIEW:
Horne and Wachowicz, (2000) Working capital is an important tool for growth and
profitability for corporations. If the levels of working capital are not enough, it could lead to
shortages and problems with the day-to-day operations.
Lazard’s and Tryfonidis (2006) investigated the relationship of corporate profitability and
working capital management for firms listed at Athens Stock Exchange. They reported that there
is statistically significant relationship between profitability measured by gross operating profit
And the Cash Conversion Cycle. Furthermore, Managers can create profit by correctly handling
the individual components of working capital to an optimal level.
Shah and Sana (2006) used Avery small sample of 7 oil and gas sector firms to investigate
this relationship for period 2001-2005.The results suggested that managers can generate positive
return for the shareholders by effectively managing working capital.
Sen. M (2009) examined the ISE (Istanbul Stock Exchange) listed firms and checked out the
relationship with the working capital. According to them there is negative
22
relationship among variables. His research uncovered the importance of the finance directors
who act as moderators or catalysts to increase the productivity of the firm in other words they
positively affect the firm’s performance.
23
PROBLEM STATEMENT:
There are so many industries contributing to economic development of nation and morden
automobiles operations touch almost every sphere of economic activity. They have far reaching
consequences on economic development of country. Automobile sector is one of the leading
industries in manufacturing sector.
Although the automobile sector is working effectively it does have to face many problems. One
of the major problems faced by the automobile sector is inconsistency in the profit they earn. It is
necessary to major the profitability of the organization which is affected by various factors.
Profit is the motive of every organization that needs to be cared. Thus, it becomes necessary for
every company to know its current trend of profit earned.
In this context my research work is aligned towards measuring profitability of TATA MOTORS
LTD. through various ratios based on the financial data of last five years.
24
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY:
HYPOTHESIS:
The following hypotheses were framed to conduct the analysis and Evaluate the profitability
results of TATA MOTORS LIMITED.
H01: there is no significant relationship between gross profit margin and net sales. H02: there
H03: there is no significant relationship between net profit and net sales. H04: there
is no significant relationship between net profit and total assets. H05: there is no
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RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:
POPULATION:
SAMPLING:
The sample was drawn from the list of companies coming under the automobile industry
listed on the Bombay stock exchange. Which is TATA MOTORS LIMITED.
SAMPLE DESIGN:
COVERAGE:
The selected study unit focuses on a number of profitability variables covering a time
period of five years.
DATA COLLECTION:
26
DATA ANALYSIS & INTERPRETATION:
Hypothesis 1:
H0: There is no significant relationship between gross profit and net sales. Ha:
60000
50000
40000
30000
gross profit
net sales
20000
10000
27
Regression:
Anova test:
Conclusion:
Explanation:
In year 2011 and 2012 there is increase with respect to 2010 in the sales of the company
with this there is also increase in gross profit.
In year 2013 and 2014 there is decrease in sales with respect to previous year and also decrease in
gross profit.
So we can say that there is significant relationship between sales and gross profi
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Hypothesis 2:
H0: There is no significant relationship between operating profit and net sales. Ha:
60000
50000
40000
30000
opreating profit
net sales
20000
10000
0
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
-10000
29
Regression:
Anova test:
Conclusion:
Here, Fc > Ft. So Ho is rejected that means there is significant relationship
between operating profit and net sales.
Explantion:
In year 2011 there is increase in sales and there is also increase in operating profit with respect to
year 2010.
While in 2014 there is decrease in sales and there is also decrease in sales with respect to year
2013.So we can say that there is significant relationship between sales and operating profit.
30
Hypothesis 3:
H0: There is no significant relationship between net profit and net sales. Ha:
60000
50000
40000
30000 EAT
net sales
20000
10000
0
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
31
Regression:
Anova test:
Conclusion:
Explanation:
Here there is continuous increase in sales but there is continuous decrease in net profit of the
business with respect to year 2010.
So we can say that there is no significant relationship between net profit and sales.
32
Hypothesis 4:
H0: There is no significant relationship between net profit and total assets. Ha:
40000
35000
30000
25000
20000
net profit
total asset
15000
10000
5000
0
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
33
Regression:
Anova test:
Conclusion:
Explanation:
In this the relationship between total assets and net profit is 0.2521 so it is very low so we can
say that there is no significant relationship between net profit and total assets.
In 2011There is increase in total asset while there is decrease in net profit with respect to year
2010.
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Hypothesis 5:
H0: There is no significant relationship between net profit margin and return on net worth.
Ha: There is a significant relationship between net profit margin and return on net worth.
(Table no.5 Table for net profit margin & return on net worth)
16
14
12
10
0
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
(Chart no.5 Relationship between net profit margin &return on net worth)
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Regression:
Anova test:
Conclusion:
Explanation:
The regression and the correlation of this is very highly positively correlated which is 0.99.
Another reason for this if there would be increase in return on net worth there is also increase in the
net profit margin.
36
RESULTS & FINDINGS:
In year 2010 the company having the gross profit margin 33.46 which is highest but after
a while there is decrease in that because there was not a proportionate change in gross
profit in comparison of net sales of the company.
Operating profit margin represents pure profit of the company. It increase negatively
from 11.4 to 2.56 for the given period which is bad indication of the company
performance.
Net profit margin which measures how profitable a company’s sales are after deducting
all expenses interest, taxes & preferred stock dividends declines from
6.33 to 0.97 during the given period, which implies lower level of profitability of
company.
Return on total assets is a pure measure of the efficiency of a company in generating
returns from its assets. So here there are declines from 7.13 to 0.99 during the given
period, which shows negativity of the profitability of the company.
Return on net worth which measures the returns earned on the common stock holder’s
investment in the company which is decrease from 15.14 to 1.74 within given period.
This indication reflects the bad performance of the management on the invested financial
resources.
The overall performance of TATA motors regarding profitability was bad, the company’s
customer base has been growing, and it has been declining earning an acceptable return
on invested capital.
37
LIMITATION OF THE STUDY:
Financial statements are based upon part performance and part events which can only be
guides to the extent they can reasonably be considered as dues to the future.
Here we have taken only one company so it is not proper and it is inadequate.
We have done the analysis only for the last five years which will not represent the whole
profitability of the company.
Ratios do not provide a definite answer to financial problems. There is always the
question of judgment as to what significance should be given to the figures. Thus, one
must rely upon one’s own good sense in selecting and evaluating the ratios.
Here we have taken only one company so it is not proper thing to do the analysis so it is
one the limitation of this.
It is always a challenging job to find an adequate standard. The conclusions drawn from
the ratios can be no better than the standards against which they are compared.
38
CONCLUSION & SUGGESTIONS:
The sales revenue of the TATA motors ltd was high, but it was observed that the gross
profit margin of the company was not increasing as per or there was not proportionate
change in that as compare to net sales.
Operating profit which represents the profit earned from producing and selling product
was also low as compared to the sales volume of the company. Therefore, the company
needs to reduce its expenses to be able to pay its debts and gain more earnings after taxes.
Net profit margin which measures how profitable a company’s sales are after deducting
all expenses interest, taxes & preferred stock dividends declines from
6.33 to 0.97 during the given period, which implies lower level of profitability of
company.
Earning taxes, which are available for common stockholders, were also low as compared
to the sales volume of the company. This is due to effect of high expenses on the cost of
goods sold and other expenses.
Finally the company is loss making or rather we can say decreasing their profitability but
they have good future opportunities, it has took carefully at controlling the costs of goods
sold and reduce its expenses to avoid facing difficult financial conditions in the future.
39
ANNXURE:
Application of funds
Gross block 18416.81 21002.78 23676.46 25190.73 26130.82
Application of fund 24.63 0 0 0 0
Less: 7212.92 7585.71 8656.94 9734.99 10890.25
accm.depreciation
Net block 11179.26 13417.07 15019.52 15455.74 15240.57
Capital work in 5232.15 3799.03 4036.67 4752.80 6355.07
progress
Investments 22336.90 22624.21 20493.55 19934.39 18458.42
Inventories 2935.59 3891.39 4588.23 4455.03 3862.53
40
Sundry debtors 2391.92 2602.88 2708.32 1818.04 1216.70
Cash and bank 612.16 2428.92 1840.96 462.86 226.15
balance
Total current assets 5939.67 8923.19 9137.51 6735.93 5305.38
Loans and advances 5248.71 5426.95 5832.03 5305.91 4374.98
Fixed deposits 1141.10 0 0 0 0
Total CA, Loans & 12329.48 14350.14 14969.54 12041.84 9680.36
advances
Deferred credit 0 0 0 0 0
Current liabilities 16909.30 16217.85 20280.82 16580.47 13334.13
Provisions 2763.43 3267.11 3600.82 2200.77 2708.11
Total CL & provisions 19672.73 19538.96 23881.64 18781.24 16042.24
Net current assets -7343.25 -5188.82 -8912.10 -6739.40 -6361.88
Miscellaneous 0 0 0 0 0
expenses
Total assets 31405.06 34651.49 30637.64 33403.53 33692.18
41
PROFIT & LOSS STATEMENT:
(Rs in cr.)
Particular Mar '14 Mar '13 Mar '12 Mar '11 Mar '10
Income
Expenditure
Other Manufacturing
Expenses 428.74 425.76 0 0 1,289.60
42
Operating Profit -879.98 1,717.98 4,177.55 4,665.14 4,032.83
-
Profit Before Tax 1,025.80 174.93 1,341.03 2,196.52 2,829.54
Extra-ordinary items 0 0 0 0 0
-
PBT (Post Extra-ord Items) 1,025.80 174.93 1,341.03 2,196.52 2,829.54
-
Tax 1,360.32 -126.88 98.8 384.7 589.46
Preference Dividend 0 0 0 0 0
43
Equity Dividend (%) 100 100 200 200 150
44
BIBLIOGRAPHY:
Lazaridis, I., & Tryfonidis, D. (2006) “Relationship between working capital management
and profitability of listed companies in the stock exchange.” Journal of Financial management
and analysis, 19(1),pp26-35.
Pandey, I.M.(2006). “Financial management Text and Cases.” 9th Edition, Vikas Publishing
House, New Delhi ,pp.43-49.
Websites:
www.google.com
www.moneycontrol.com
www.tatamotors.com
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