1. What is statistical analysis? Give at least 2 examples.

- Statistical analysis is the use of mathematical and statistical methods of collecting,

exploring, organizing and presenting large amounts of data to discover underlying
patterns and trends.
Examples of Statistical Analysis:
 Pie chart
 Bar graph

2. What is descriptive statistics? List the types of descriptive statistics and give at least 2
examples
- Descriptive statistics refers to the analysis, summary, and presentation of findings
related to a data set derived from a sample or entire population.
Types of Descriptive Statistics:
 Frequency Distribution
 Central Tendency
 Variability
Examples:
 Frequency distribution presentation and visualization include bar charts,
histograms, pie charts, and line charts. Like ‘percentage of people in different
income levels’ in a bar chart.
 Central tendency of a distribution is an estimate of the “center” of a
distribution of values: mean, median, and mode. Like ‘the sum of the 8
values is 80, the mean is 80/8 = 10’.

3. What is statistical test?

- A statistical test provides a mechanism for making quantitative decisions about a
process or processes.

4. What does a statistical test do? Give at least 2 examples.

- The intent is to determine whether there is enough evidence to "reject" a conjecture
or hypothesis about the process. The conjecture is called the null hypothesis.
Examples:
 Independent T-test is a statistical test that determines whether there is a
statistically significant difference between the means in two unrelated
groups. Like ‘comparing boys and girls in a population’.
 Paired T-Test is the difference between two variables from the same
population. Like ‘in a karaoke, the level of happiness of a singer before and
after having a perfect singing score’.
5. When to use or perform statistical test?
- When a selection of appropriate statistical method depends on the following three
things: Aim and objective of the study, Type and distribution of the data used, and Nature of
the observations (paired/unpaired).