11/18/22, 6:49 PM Basic Normal Shock Equations Questions and Answers - Sanfoundry

Aerodynamics Questions and Answers – The

Basic Normal Shock Equations – 1
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This set of Aerodynamics Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “The Basic
Normal Shock Equations – 1”.

1. A shock wave that is normal to the upstream flow is a rare case.

a) False
b) True
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: The normal shock wave, i.e. the one normal to the upstream flow, seems rare. But
actually, it is a very frequent case of shock waves and occurs at many times in different cases.

2. The supersonic flow over a blunt body is given. Mark the area where the normal shock wave
exists.

a) i
b) ii

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11/18/22, 6:49 PM Basic Normal Shock Equations Questions and Answers - Sanfoundry

c) iii
d) iv
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: In the figure, a strong bow shock exists in front of the flow. The shock wave is curved
around the blunt body, but the region of the shock closest to the nose is essentially perpendicular
to the flow, i.e. region i is a normal shock.

3. Which of these is incorrect for the normal shock wave analysis?

a) No viscous effects or body forces
b) Adiabatic flow
c) Differential form of conservation equations used
d) Steady flow
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: The normal shock wave analysis uses the control volume approach. The integral
form of conservation equations are applied to the control volume. The flow is steady, adiabatic,
without viscous effects and zero body forces.

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4. Which is not true for continuity equation of normal shock?

a) ρ1u1A1=ρ2u2A2
b) ρ1u1=ρ2u2
c) Steady flow
d) No viscosity
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: The continuity equation of the normal shock equation is derived from the continuity
equation of mass and is given as ρ1u1A1=ρ2u2A2. If the area of the control volume is same on both
sides, it becomes ρ1u1=ρ2u2. The flow is steady and without viscosity.

5. The incorrect equation for the normal shock equation is_______

a) ρ1u1=ρ2u2
b) p1+ρ1u =p2+ρ2u
2
1
2
2

2 2
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11/18/22, 6:49 PM Basic Normal Shock Equations Questions and Answers - Sanfoundry
2 2
u u
c) h1+ =h2+ 2
1

2
2

d) ∇.v=0
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: The normal shock wave analysis has the basic equations which are the continuity
2
u
equation ρ1u1=ρ2u2, momentum equation p1+ρ1u =p2+ρ2u and the energy equation h1+
2
1
2
2 2
1
=h2+
2
u
. The equation ∇.v=0 is the incompressible flow equation for a steady flow. The normal shock
2
2

wave is a compressible flow.

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6. The most important quantity that dominates the physical properties of compressible flow is
_______
a) Speed of sound
b) Speed of light
c) Density of medium of propagation
d) Distance of propagation
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: The speed of sound is the quantity that dominates the physical properties of
compressible flow. Speed of light is not important in compressible flow problems. Density of
medium and distance of propagation are secondary quantities.

7. The equation a=-ρ da

dρ
where a is the speed of sound in the medium is the mathematical
expression derived for the sound waves, which are _________
a) Isentropic
b) Incompressible
c) Adiabatic
d) Reversible
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: The equation a=-ρ da

dρ
is the equation for the speed of sound in the medium. This is
derived from the governing equations for sound waves, which are isentropic (adiabatic and
reversible). Sound waves may or may not be compressible.
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11/18/22, 6:49 PM Basic Normal Shock Equations Questions and Answers - Sanfoundry

8. The fundamental expression for the speed of sound in a gas is not given by which of the following
equations?
a) a2=
dp

dρ
−−−−−
b) a=√(
∂p
)s
∂ρ
−−
c) a=√
γp

− − −−−
d) a= √ γ 2 RT

View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: The flow through the sound wave is isentropic, giving a=-ρ . Also, a2= and since
da dp

dρ dρ
−−−−−
the change is isentropic, subscript sis used i.e. a=√( . Moreover, using the isentropic
∂p
)s
∂ρ
−−
relations for pressure and density we get a=√ and by using the equation of state, we get the
γp

−−−−
temperature relation with the speed of sound in medium i.e. a=√γRT .

9. The speed of sound in any medium is a function of_____

a) P, ρ
b) P, T
c) T only
d) T, ρ
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: The speed of sound in any given medium is expressed generally using the equations
involving pressure and density (P, ρ). But using the isentropic relations and the gas equation we
can simplify it to show that speed of sound in any medium is a function of temperature only a=
−−−−
√ γRT .

10. The isentropic compressibility, in terms of speed of sound in any medium is given by ________
a) τs=ρa2
b) τs= ρa2
1

c) τs=
ρ

2
a

d) τs= 1

ρa

View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: The speed of sound in any medium is given by a2= and the isentropic
dp

dρ

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11/18/22, 6:49 PM Basic Normal Shock Equations Questions and Answers - Sanfoundry

compressibility is related to the speed of sound as τs= ρa

1
2
. To derive this, v= has been used. The
1

higher is the compressibility, the lower the speed of sound.

11. Select the incorrect statement out of the following.

a) limτs→0⁡ is the case of an incompressible flow
b) Speed of sound in incompressible medium is zero
c) Mach number for finite velocity object, in incompressible flow is zero
d) Incompressible flow is theoretically zero-Mach number flows
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: Incompressible flow is the limiting case of isentropic compressibility being zero. This
gives an infinite speed of sound and a zero Mach number in that medium. Thus, theoretically,
zero-Mach number flows are incompressible.

12. Mach number is a measure of the directed motion of the gas compared with the random
thermal motion of the molecules.
a) False
b) True
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: This comes from the physical meaning of the Mach number. When we take the ratios
of per unit mass kinetic energy to the potential energy of the fluid particle moving along a
streamline, it comes proportional to the square of the Mach number. Thus, this is true.

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