Pakistan and

International
Trade
Gul Bashra Askar 8-White
 Table of Contents
Exports, Importance and International Trade

Pakistan’s Exports

Pakistan’s Imports
 International Trade is the
Trade depends on supply and
buying or selling of goods or International Trade demand.

products between nations.


Imports
Exports International Trade consists of
 Product or service
Product or service sent brought into a country.

to another country.


Advantages:
 Disadvantages:

Advantages:

● Employment
 ● Negative impact on
● Employment 

● Good relation with domestic industry

● Good relations with other
foreign countries.
 ● International debt will
countries.

● Aids growth
 increase

● Economic growth

● Aids employment
 ● Imports are more
● Repay loans

● Get products that expensive than exports

● Develop infrastructure

our domestic ● When imports increase,
● Boosts industry

industry does not currency starts facing
produce.
 issues.

 Pakistan’s Exports
● Pakistan is a part of international network of import and export.

● Pakistan is 69th largest export economy.

● Pakistan is mainly an agro-based country that is slowly turning into a
semi-industrialized nation.

● Pakistan has been exporting products ever since it became an independent
state in 1947.

● In 1980’s, the government saw an opportunity to increase national income if it
expired more goods.

● To do this, it encouraged producers to make a wider range of better quality
goods so they can export it to foreign countries.

● Pakistan also dropped some of the regulations on export to make the process
simpler and easier.

● Pakistan also extended financial help to exporters.

● Ten years ago, Pakistan’s top four export destinations were:

1. USA

2. Germany

3. Japan

4. UK 

 Pakistan’s Exports
❏ At first, Pakistan used to mainly export raw materials, but to catch wider
markets, Pakistan started to export manufactured and semi-manufactured
items like clothes, sport items, surgical items etc. (They make up 80% of
Pakistan’s exports). 


Exports of Pakistan

Manufactured Export:

Primary Export:
 Semi-processed:
 ● Completely processed

● Raw materials
 ● Not fully 1. Ready made garments

● These include:
 processed, but a 2. Sports goods

Spices
 little bit of 3. Surgical instruments

1. Seeds
 processed.
 4. Carpet

2. Fruits
 1. Yarn 
 5. Leather products

3. Vegetables
 2. Thread
 6. Beddings

4. Fish

5. Raw cotton

6. Rice

 Pakistan’s Exports
European Union
A political and economic union of 27 countries located in Europe. The main aim of it is
to promote peace, offer freedom, security, justice within internal border.


Pakistan’s exports to European

Union
1. Sports good

2. Surgical instruments

3. Carpets

4. Plastic

5. Leather

6. Textile {Fabric}

 Pakistan’s Exports
Countries Pakistan’s Exports

1. USA Carpets, Surgical instruments, sports goods

2. UK Raw cotton, carpets, sports goods

3. Germany Cotton cloth, carpet, sport goods

4. Saudi Arabia Spices, rice, ready made garments, raw fish

5. Japan Fish and cotton

Pakistan’s major exports
 Problems


1. Surgical Instruments 1. Low value products

2. Textile 2. Lack of machinery
3. Cotton 3. National hazards (Floods, hurricanes
etc.)
4. Products depend on weather
 Pakistan’s Exports

Cotton
● Cotton is one of Pakistan’s biggest export.

● Cotton has been grown in Pakistan for thousands of years.

● The quality of Pakistan’s cotton is good and Pakistan is a cheap producer of
cotton.

● Cotton grows on 15% of the nation’s land.

● Most cotton is grown by small-scale farmers.

● The textile sector is the largest industrial sector of Pakistan, it accounts for 40%
of the industrial labour force and employs 10 million people.

● The textile industry is very big, that is why Pakistan needs to import some cotton
from other countries to meet its needs.

● Household linens are Pakistan’s largest single export and make up 11% of all
exports.

● Most of these go to the USA, next UK, after that Germany and in the end France.

 Pakistan’s Imports
● Pakistan is the 54th largest import economy.


Major Imports of Pakistan Major Import Partners

1. Petroleum

1. China

2. Machinery

2. Saudi Arabia

3. Transportation equipment

3. UAE

4. Edible oil

4. US

5. Paper

5. Malaysia

6. Iron

6. Japan

7. Oil

7. India

8. Steel

9. Tea

 Pakistan’s Imports

Import Goods

● Food items

1. Tea (Kenya)

2. Edible Oil
 ● Textile

3. Pulses
 1. Synthetic Fibre

4. Dry milk
 


 ● Fertilizers

● Machinery
 1. Chemicals

1. Power generation Machinery
 

2. Textile machinery
 ● Metal

3. Construction
 1. Iron

4. Mining
 2. Steel

5. Agriculture

6. Electrical



● Petroleum and Petroleum products

 Pakistan’s Imports

Countries Import
UK
 Machinery, electrical appliances


Japan
 Machinery, electrical appliances, motor vehicles


USA
 Machinery, vegetable oil


Middle Eastern Countries
 Mineral oil


Malaysia
 Edible oil {Palm Oil}


China
 Electrical appliances, stationary, machinery, toys


Kenya
 Tea

 Pakistan’s Imports

Pakistan’s main imports to improve agriculture Problems Pakistan faced due to the
difference in Import and Export
1. Tractors

2. Fertilizers
 1. Production of agricultural
3. Pesticides
 export is subject to variation
4. Herbicides
 in weather and effects of
5. Insecticides
 pests (example, poor cotton
6. Improved seeds
 due to unfavourable weather,
virus and lack of rainfall.

Importance to decrease import and increase export 2. Imports are mainly high value
products and therefore are
1. Helps in development and growth expensive.

of the country
 3. Food like wheat can be grown
2. To earn foreign exchange
 in Pakistan but we choose to
3. To decrease international debt
 import it.