Admass University

Misrak TVIT collage

DEPARTMENT OF ACCOUNTINH AND

SUBJECT: MORALITY AND ETHICS
Group assignment
Prepared by……………………….Id No
1. Estifanose
2. Derse
3. Biruk
4. Deresew
5. A
6. A
7. Aa

SUBMITTED TO: BIRUK GETACHEW

SUBMITTED DATE :

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 Content

Title Page

1. Introduction ……………………………………...... 3
2. Corruption ……………………………………...... 4
Type and cause of corruption …………………... 5
Impact of corruption …………………………….. 6
Consequence corruption ……………………….… 7
Characteristics of corruption……………………... 7
How can corruption controlled………………….. 7
3. Cultural Diversity ……………………………...…... 8
Importance of cultural diversity………………….. 9
Cultural diversity in workplace…………………... 9
Characteristics of cultural diversity………………. 10
Advantage and disadvantage cultural diversity ….. 10
4. Volunteerism………………………………………. 11
Shortage of volunteer work………………………... 12
Why people volunteer……………………………... 13
Advantage and disadvantage of volunteer……….. 13
Principle …………………………………………... 14
5. Summery ………………………………………….. 15
 

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 Introductions

In this assignment, we will explain about corruption and how it affects the society
individual and the country .in addition we can also see how we can reduce the
ways in which corruption occurs .Next, we will look at the nature of cultural
diversity and how cultural diversity can be seen in the workplace, its benefits and
characteristics.
Finally, we will look at what volunteering is, its pros and cons, why people
volunteer and the benefits of doing so, as well as principle.

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Corruption
The word corruption is derived from the Latin word ‘ corruption’ which means
“corruption” and , in legal terms , the abuse of a trusted position in the one of the
branches of power (executive, legislative and judicial)or in political or other
organizations with the intention of obtaining material benefit which is not legally
justified for itself or foe other.
 Corruption can be defined as dishonest or fraudulent conduct by the people
in power or those who have a prominent position .it typically involves
bribery. Nepotism, extortion, patronage, cronyism etc. are some of the other
forms of corruption.
 Corruption is like a disease to the economy of the country. Not only does it
hold the economy from reaching new heights but also prevents the country’s
development.
 Corruption is one of the biggest challenges faced by many countries all over
the world. It has spread its roots so deep in the society that it has become
difficult to get rid of it. It is becoming bigger day by day because of peoples
increasing wants in the life.
 Corruption can be seen during elections also. Many candidates distribute
cash money to common people for votes. Some people of weaker sections
are sometimes threatened to give vote to a particular candidate or at time
they are even prevented from going to the polling booths.
Most common form of corruption is bribery. Peoples give money, gifts or
personal favors tom get a particular task done. Now a day people are seen
asking for bribe for every other small work to be don.
In order to stop corruption we all need to work together in this direction. We
must not give bribe to anyone and report the matter to concerned authorities
if someone demands bribe from us. We must also not take bribe even if
someone is giving it to us.
Government should enforce tough laws to stop corruption. Strict
punishments should be given to the individuals found doing corruption.
Applying cameras in government offices and private workplaces too can
slow down corruption to big extent.
With combined efforts of government and people, corruption can be
definitely eradicates.

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 Types of corruption

There are two major type of corruption:

1. Petty corruption
2. Grand corruption
 Petty corruption: means the corruption which is done on the
small scale or on the low-level.
 Grand corruption: means the corruption which is done in the
scale or in the high level.
Grand corruption is further categorized as:
 Political corruption: to win the election, some political leaders try
to lure the voters by offering them wine, wealth and others types of
indirect benefits.
Example;
Kidnapping, murder (Mr.shanmughan Manjunath’s murder),
violence, injustice etc...
 Administrative corruption: when officers like IAS and IPS,
clerks, peons, etc. Are involved, it’s called administrative
corruption.
Example: officers and/or clerks of govt.offices demand money
from public even to do their legal tasks.
 Professional corruption: it includes duplicating things, mixture in
eatables thing and in petrol etc.

Causes of corruption
 Lack of effective leadership
 Lack of public support
 Lack of proper system
 Donation in the education institution
 Lack of transparency
 Discretionary powers
 Monopoly of power
 Low salaries
 Lack of autonomy
 Lack of effective management

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 Impacts of corruption

 Corruption hurts everyone

 Slowdown of economic progress, black money, hawala, hoarding
 Exploitation of tax payment
 Gap between rich and poor
 Money out of circulation, inflation etc
 The impact of corruption goes beyond the corrupt individuals. The
innocent colleagues who are implicated or the reputation of the
organization they work for. Ultimately, Victorians are the ones who
lose out.
 Corruption erodes the trust we have in the public sector to act in our
best interests. It also wastes our taxes or rates that have been
earmarked for important community projects- meaning we have to put
up with poor quality services or infrastructure, or we miss out
altogether.
Organizational impacts of corruption
 Financial loss
 Damage to employee morale
 Damage to organization’s reputation
 Organizational focus and resources diverted away from delivering core
business and services to the community
 Increased security, oversight and regulation
Individual impacts of corruption
 Disciplinary action
 Termination of employment
 Criminal charges
 May affect relationship with family , friends and colleagues
Community impacts of corruption
 Wasted taxpayer funds
 Loss of good and services
 Lower community confidence in public authorities

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  Disadvantage to honest business that miss out on government contracts.
Consequences of corruption
 Loss of national wealth
 Authority and power in wrong hands
 Poverty
 Risk in terrorism and crimes
 Psychological and social disorders

Characteristics of Corruption

 Corruption always involves more than one person.

 Corruption on the whole involves secrecy
 Corruption involves an element of mutual obligation and mutual
benefit.
 Those who practice corrupt methods usually attempt to camouflage
their activities by resorting to some form of lawful justification.
 Those who are involved in corruption are those who want definite
decision and those who are able to influence those decisions
 Any act of corruption involves deception
 Any form of corruption involves a contradictory dual function of
those who are committing the act.
How can corruption are controlled

 The first tool is education

 Inculcating good values during childhood
 Change in the system of government
 Increasing direct contact between the government and the
governed
 Making stringent law for punishment the corrupt and blocking
every way of escape
 Increasing transparency and paying more attention to
professional accountability
 Honest media, honest bureaucrats and public interest
 Proper check and balance on all official as well as citizens

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  Prevalence of code of conduct
Cultural Diversity
What is culture?
Culture is the most important concept in the social sciences. It includes the
values, beliefs, behaviors, and material objectives that together, form a
people’s way of life.
 None material: the beliefs and ideas created by the members in
a certain society.
 Material: the tangible object created by members of a society,
includes the items a society finds of value.
What is cultural diversity?
 Cultural diversity is having people of different races, cultures, religions,
nationalities, ethnic group and background making up a community.
 Cultural diversity is the variety of human society and culture in a specific
region or even in the world; it exists between people, such as language,
dress, traditional and the way people interact with environment.
 It refers to people of different origins, cultures and way of living alongside
each other without one getting in the way of the other and trying to force
their way on other people.
 Another name for cultural diversity is multiculturalism.
 Multiculturalism is a cluster of diver’s person from dissimilar culture or
civilization. Cultural diversity contains varied person due to ethnicity, race&
gender.
 It is the variety of differences between people in an organization.
 It is the appreciation of the differences in individuals.
These differences encompass:
 Race , Language
 Gender ,Religion
 Ethical Group ,Age
 Social status
 Sexual orientation
 Personality
 Education

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It’s a group of diver’s individuals from d/t culture or societies usually cultural
diversity task in to account language, religion, race, sexual orientation, gender, age,
& ethnicity.
Importance of cultural diversity
 Culture is important because it is what makes a society unique. For example,
this could include a certain religion or type of clothing. Each of these things is
unique to culture, the butyl of culture is its diversity which alive the culture.
 Diversity is important because it provides our society & culture with unique &
inspirational perspectives. Diversity can create new ideas& changes that can be
beneficial to society or even the world.
 It is important because our country, our workplace and our schools include
personal of various ethnics groups and interests. We can learn from one
another, but first we must have a level of understanding about one another in
order to work together effectively. Cultural diversity training also helps people
to dispel negative stereotype about one another.
 It is important to get over our little mildness because of the cultural & religious
difference it brings. Socializing with some one of a different culture & or
different religion brings about a better understanding of it. The more we
understand other cultures & religious, the more tolerant we become.
 Is important between it affects everyone & their lifestyle, guiding, beliefs &
basic assumptions about life.
 It is extremely important in school because it realty benefits the students that
attend the school student need to see the importance of other cultures.

Cultural diversity in a work place

 A culturally diversity workplace empowers people to develop their talents and

skills. A range of ideas and expertise enables those to learn from a more diverse
collection of colleagues.it can also boost problem –solving capabilities and
increase happiness and productivity.
 It’s provides strength.it also challenges individuals to respond to their diverse
environment effectively.
 “Valuing “individual and group cultural differences are critical to achieving the
Organization goal.

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 Increased adaptability

Characteristics of cultural diversity in work place

 New ideas: when the team assorted, each worker brings exclusive life
knowledge to the table allowing team associates to view the similar delinquent
& governor d/t thoughts covering a more extensive series of choice &
resolution.
 Wisdom: a company consisting of age – diver’s members benefits from
brought about by the workers with many years experienced in work.
 Flexibility: when the work place is divers the company can handle changes
necessary to keep the business moving.
 Conflict: some workers don’t respect different backgrounds & ideas, affecting
team performance negatively.
Advantage and Disadvantage of cultural diversity
Advantage of cultural diversity
 Expending meanings beyond own culture
 Greater openness to new ideas
 Multiple perspectives
 Multiple interpretations
 Expanding alternatives
 Increasing creativity
 Increasing flexibility
 Increasing problem solving skills
Disadvantage of cultural diversity
 Ambiguity
 Complexity
 Confusion
 Difficult converging meaning
 Harder to reach agreements
 Ethnocentrism
 Harder to agree on specific action

Volunteerism

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Volunteer: is someone who performs or offers service based on his/her free will &
without payments. A volunteer may render (give) service: in area of work, in the
office of the government, any place where service may be needed, in the area of
home & the like. The service provided is;
 Tree planting
 Free service in hospitals, day care centers, Red Cross centers
 Relief goods distribution
 Health care administration, such as house to house care
 Blood Donation
 Road traffic administration
 Beautification activities
 Participation in waste management & the like
Volunteerism: means giving voluntary service to achieve a goal to benefit a
community or service. Volunteerism is based on the will of those involved in
serving other. Volunteerism is based on actions of people who want to help others
for no payment. The goal of volunteerism is to meet a common goal.
Voluntary work is very important to social problem.
 Protect the environment from pollution.
 Clean up & create a beautiful environment.
 Work to maintain peace & peaceful coexistence.
 Contribute in the fight against HIV/AIDS
 Committing oneself to give voluntary services to the community is a patriotic
activity.
 Civic voluntary assistance practices have traditionally been components of the
Ethiopian society. It is also a system of reciprocal services.
Civic voluntary includes:
 Debo: it is away in which rural people come together/ gathered together
to help those who have different to undertake normal duties.
 Edir: is a voluntary association which people help each other when
someone lost a relative due to death.
 Red Cross volunteers: The red volunteer gives free services like first aid
for those who are affected by natural disaster, any accident, war & other
problems.
Shortage of volunteer work

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 1. No time of life:
 Too observed with work & too focused, energy& time just to
volunteer, which certainly has never been completed to the extent
neglected family love & attention.
2. Waste of money:
 It is an unpaid job good because you are doing charity, but you still
need money to live.
3. Impact on health:
 Volunteering in certain settings could put a strain on your
emotional, mental& physical health.
 The more time you spend volunteering, the more frequently you’re
exposed to situations that can create feeling of stress, anxiety &
frustration.
 An increase in stress or negative emotions could eventually lead to
a deterioration of your physical health.
 In the process of trying to make life better for others, you could
end up making yourself sick.

4. personality conflict
 Whether you’re volunteering for a small organization or a national
charity, you’ll inevitably come in contact with someone whose
personality doesn’t mesh with yours.
 Having to work with someone you find difficult can be stressful &
detract from your goals as a volunteer.
 If you’re distracted by another person’s negative attitude or
annoying behavior, you could lose focus on what you’re there to
do.

Why people volunteer

 To donate their professional skill
 To become an insider
 Because they were asked
 To be an agent of change

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  To learn something new
 To feel proud
 To assure progress
 To do something different from their job
 To be part of a team
 For fun!!!!
 To make new friends

Advantage and Disadvantage of volunteering

Advantage of volunteering
 Many different areas of volunteering
 You can learn a lot through volunteering
 Volunteering can help you mature in character
 Better impression regarding what you want to do with your life
 You can make many new friends
 You learn how to work in a group
 Volunteering gives you the opportunity to join a strong network
 You get a broader perspective on life
 Usually lower stress levels compared to a normal job
 High level of inner motivation to help others
 Can be much more fulfilling compared to a normal job
 Flexibility regarding time commitment
 You can explore new cultures
 Volunteering gives you the opportunity to give something back
 Can help to reduce the labor shortage in some professions
 You can learn empathy towards other people
 Volunteering can turn into a regular job after some time
 You will value your own life much more afterward
 Volunteering helps you to learn responsibility

Disadvantages of volunteering
 You don’t earn money while volunteering
 Volunteering abroad can be expensive
 Many volunteers have too high expectations
 Volunteering abroad means to leave your partner at home
 Some volunteering organizations are quite dodgy

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  Volunteering abroad may lead to homesickness
 Confrontation with reality may shock some kids
 You may lose motivation for volunteering
 Volunteering abroad can be dangerous
 You make a certain commitment
 May not be suitable if you already have kids
 You will be older when you finally get a job
 People may have trouble to go back to their normal lives
 Lack of organization may lead to chaos
 Requirements in the work world may shock volunteers afterward
 Dependence on volunteers is dangerous

Principle of volunteering
 Volunteering benefits the community & the volunteer;
 Volunteering work is unpaid;
 Volunteering is always a matter of choice;
 Volunteering is not compulsorily undertaken to receive pensions or
government allowances;
 Volunteering is a legitimated way in which citizens can participate in the
activities of their community;
 Volunteering is vehicle for individuals or groups to address human,
environmental & social needs;
 Volunteering is an activity performed in the not for profit sector only;
 Volunteering is not a substitute for paid work;
 Volunteers don’t replace paid workers nor constitute a threat to the job
security of paid workers;
 Volunteering respect the rights, dignity & culture of others;
 Volunteering promotes human right & equality;
 Volunteering is an activity performed in the not for profit sector only
 Volunteering is not a substitute for paid work

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 Summery

In this assignment we have seen about corruption, how corruption affects the
society, types, individual, and the country. Additionally, we looked at the
characteristics, causes, and how to reduce corruption. Next, we looked at the
meaning of cultural diversity, its characteristics, and benefits, how cultural
diversity can be seen in the workplace and the benefits of cultural diversity in the
workplace.
Finally, we have seen what volunteerism means, its principles, its advantages and
disadvantages, and its characteristics.

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 Reference
 www.slideshare.net
 https://brainly.in
 https://www.thomas.com
 www.dirzon.com
 https://slideplayer.com
 Royal civic
 Grade 11 and 12 Exercise book
 https://environmental-conscience.com/volunteering
 Deepener shaktawat
 Other website

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