Activity for week 4

Himalaya & SDG

SAP Id 500083107

Roll No. R214220189

Name Anshu Ayush

Batch AI&ML B4

Project Tiger's main aims are to:

 Reduce factors that lead to the depletion, of tiger habitats and to mitigate them by suitable
management. The damages done to the habitat shall be rectified to facilitate the recovery of
the ecosystem to the maximum possible extent.
 Ensure a viable tiger population for economic, scientific, cultural, aesthetic and ecological
values.
The monitoring system M-STrIPES was developed to assist patrol and protect tiger habitats. It
maps patrol routes and allows forest guards to enter sightings, events and changes when
patrolling. It generates protocols based on these data, so that management decisions can be
adapted.

 Shivalik-Terai Conservation Unit
 North-East Conservation Unit
 Sunderbans Conservation Unit
 Western Ghats Conservation Unit
 Eastern Ghats Conservation Unit
 Central India Conservation Unit
 Sariska Conservation Unit
 Kaziranga Conservation Unit
The various tiger reserves were created in the country based on the 'core-buffer' strategy:

 Core area: the core areas are free of all human activities. It has the legal status of a national
park or wildlife sanctuary. It is kept free of biotic disturbances and forestry operations like
collection of minor forest produce, grazing, and other human disturbances are not allowed
within.
 Buffer areas: the buffer areas are subjected to 'conservation-oriented land use'. They
comprise forest and non-forest land. It is a multi-purpose use area with twin objectives of
providing habitat supplement to spillover population of wild animals from core conservation
unit and to provide site specific co-developmental inputs to surrounding villages for relieving
their impact on core area.

Project Tiger's efforts were hampered by poaching, as well as debacles and irregularities
in Sariska and Namdapha, both of which were reported extensively in the Indian
media. The Forest Rights Act passed by the Indian government in 2006 recognizes the rights of
some forest dwelling communities in forest areas. This has led to controversy over implications of
such recognition for tiger conservation. Some have argued that this is problematic as it will
increase conflict and opportunities for poaching; some also assert that "tigers and humans
cannot co-exist".Others argue that this is a limited perspective that overlooks the reality of
human-tiger coexistence and the abuse of power by authorities, evicting local people and making
them pariahs in their own traditional lands rather than allowing them a proper role in decision-
making, in the tiger crisis. The latter position was supported by the Government of India's Tiger
Task Force, and is also taken by some forest dwellers' organizations.

One of the biggest threats to tiger populations is habitat fragmentation. A program called the
Terai-Arc Landscape (TAL) has been working directly with improving tiger habitats, specifically
fragmented habitats in Nepal and northern India.Their main strategy is to link up the
subpopulations of tigers that have been separated by setting up special tiger corridors that
connect the fragmented habitats. The corridors are built to promote migration and/or dispersion
of certain tiger populations giving them the ability to unite with other tigers. Giving tigers the
ability to mate with a larger selection of individuals will increase the gene pool for the tigers,
which will lead to more diversity, higher birth rates, and higher cub survival.