7 Dr. Mohamed Abo Elyazed Cold Formed - Roof Purlins Part 2

Design of Steel Structure 2
By
Dr. Mohamed Abo Elyazed
2021-2022
1 /51
LIST OF CONTENTS
 Design of Floor Beam
 Design of crane girder (Rolled HEB-Sections)
 Design of crane girder (Built-up sections)
 Design of Purlins
 Cold Formed - Design of Purlins
 Composite section for beams
 Design of Built-up beam columns
 Design of Eccentric Connections (Shear, Torsion and Bending Moment)
 Base connection
Dr. Mohamed Abo Elyazed 2 /51

DESIGN of STEEL STRUCTURES
DESIGN OF BEAMS SUBJECTED TO BI-AXIAL BENDING MOMENTS (COLD FORMED-ROOF PURLINS)
INTRODUCTION
 Cold-formed members generally have as their components flat slender thin plates
with flat width-thickness ratios that do not meet the non-compact (Slender)
section Code requirements.

 Slender sections are the sections in which local buckling of component plate elements subjected to
compressive stress takes place before failure takes place. When any of the compression component
elements of a cross-section is classified as class 3, the whole section shall be designed as class 3
cross-section.
 The individual plate elements are classified as stiffened, unstiffened and multiple stiffened elements depending
on the stiffening arrangement provided.

ADVANTAGES OF COLD FORMED
 Any desired shape of any desired length can be produced
 Pre-galvanised or pre-coated metals have high resistance to
corrosion, besides having an attractive surface finish
 All conventional jointing methods, (i.e. riveting, bolting, welding and
adhesives) can be employed
 High strength to weight ratio
 light and easy to transport and erect


CHECK OF SECTION CLASS

 The hot rolled sections used in the design of roof purlins are UPN
(channel sections), which are always considered as non-compact
sections (class 2). UPN (channel sections)
 Cold formed Z (Zed) and C (channel) sections are normally
specified for purlins in steel structures
 As compared with thicker hot rolled shapes, they normally offer the
advantages of lightness, high strength and stiffness, easy fabrication
and installations, easy packaging and transportation etc.
Cold formed Z (Zed) and C (channel) sections



 The effective parts of a cold-formed sections

1. For section subjected to flexure moment MX
2. For section subjected to normal force only

 The whole idea is that the parts that will happen to them local buckling will neglect from our calculations and thus
reach the parts that actually resist in the section and know by the effective parts

 How to calculate 𝝍𝝍

 How to calculate Buckling coefficient 𝑲𝑲𝝈𝝈

We have three element cases
 Stiffened : Fixed from two ends by web or flange
 Unstiffened : Fixed only from one end by web or flange
 Partially stiffened : Fixed from one end by web or flange and the other end by lip


 Effective Width of Uniformly Compressed Elements with an Edge Stiffener
 In case of Partially stiffened we have three cases
Elements with Edge Stiffener


IF

After calculate 𝑲𝑲𝝈𝝈 𝒘𝒘𝒘𝒘 𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄 𝝀𝝀𝒑𝒑 𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂 𝝆𝝆
In this case the whole section is work an we can get the values of
𝐀𝐀 , 𝑺𝑺𝑿𝑿 , 𝑺𝑺𝒚𝒚 , 𝑰𝑰𝑿𝑿 &𝑰𝑰𝒚𝒚 from tables
In this case the section is not fully effective so we must calculate the new properties of the section by
subtract the reduced parts
Dr. Mohamed Abo Elyazed 17/51

Example 3
, Assume (O.W= 10 kg/m`) for cold-formed section
a- Loads and Staining action WDL
1.Dead Loads
𝒂𝒂
WDL = WC * ( ) + ow = --- kg/m`
𝐜𝐜𝐜𝐜𝐜𝐜 𝜶𝜶
𝟏𝟏.𝟕𝟕𝟕𝟕
WDL = 5 * ( ) + 10 = 20.6 kg/m`
𝐜𝐜𝐜𝐜𝐜𝐜 𝟖𝟖
𝑾𝑾𝑫𝑫.𝑳𝑳 ∗ 𝑺𝑺𝟐𝟐 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐. 𝟔𝟔 ∗ 𝟔𝟔𝟐𝟐 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏

𝑴𝑴𝑫𝑫.𝑳𝑳 = = = 𝟗𝟗𝟗𝟗. 𝟕𝟕 𝒌𝒌𝒌𝒌. 𝒎𝒎 ∗ = 𝟗𝟗. 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 𝒕𝒕. 𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄
𝟖𝟖 𝟖𝟖 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
𝑴𝑴𝑿𝑿−𝑫𝑫.𝑳𝑳 = 𝑴𝑴𝑫𝑫.𝑳𝑳 ∗ 𝑪𝑪𝑪𝑪𝑪𝑪 𝜶𝜶 = 𝟗𝟗. 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 𝒕𝒕. 𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄
𝑴𝑴𝒚𝒚−𝑫𝑫.𝑳𝑳 = 𝑴𝑴𝑫𝑫.𝑳𝑳 ∗ 𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝜶𝜶 = 𝟏𝟏. 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 𝒕𝒕. 𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄
a- Loads and Staining action
2. Live Loads
a. Uniform Load
wL.L. = 60 – 66.67 tan 8 = 50.63 > 20 kg/m2 (for Inaccessible roofs) On horizontal projection
WLL = wL.L. * 𝒂𝒂 = 50.63 * 1.75 = 88.6 kg/m`
𝑾𝑾𝑳𝑳.𝑳𝑳 ∗ 𝑺𝑺𝟐𝟐 𝟖𝟖𝟖𝟖. 𝟔𝟔 ∗ 𝟔𝟔𝟐𝟐 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏

𝑴𝑴𝑳𝑳.𝑳𝑳 = = = 𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑. 𝟕𝟕 𝒌𝒌𝒌𝒌. 𝒎𝒎 ∗ = 𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑. 𝟖𝟖𝟖𝟖 𝒕𝒕. 𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄 WL.L
𝟖𝟖 𝟖𝟖 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
𝑴𝑴𝑿𝑿−𝑳𝑳.𝑳𝑳 = 𝑴𝑴𝑳𝑳.𝑳𝑳 ∗ 𝑪𝑪𝑪𝑪𝑪𝑪 𝜶𝜶 = 𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑. 𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒 𝒕𝒕. 𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄
𝑴𝑴𝒚𝒚−𝑳𝑳.𝑳𝑳 = 𝑴𝑴𝑳𝑳.𝑳𝑳 ∗ 𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝜶𝜶 = 𝟓𝟓. 𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟓 𝒕𝒕. 𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄

a- Loads and Staining action

100 kg
2. Live Loads
b. 100 kg Concentrated Load
𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 ∗ 𝑺𝑺 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 ∗ 𝟔𝟔 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏

𝑴𝑴𝑳𝑳.𝑳𝑳 = = = 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 𝒌𝒌𝒌𝒌. 𝒎𝒎 ∗ = 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 𝒕𝒕. 𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄 < 𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑. 𝟖𝟖𝟖𝟖 𝒕𝒕. 𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄
𝟒𝟒 𝟒𝟒 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
∴ 𝑻𝑻𝑻𝑻𝑻𝑻 𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄 𝒐𝒐𝒐𝒐 𝒖𝒖𝒖𝒖𝒖𝒖𝒖𝒖𝒖𝒖𝒖𝒖𝒖𝒖 𝒍𝒍𝒍𝒍𝒍𝒍𝒍𝒍 𝒍𝒍𝒍𝒍𝒍𝒍𝒍𝒍 𝒊𝒊𝒊𝒊 𝒎𝒎𝒎𝒎𝒎𝒎𝒎𝒎 𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄
3. Wind Load
𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕 𝜶𝜶 = 0.1 < 0.4 Ce = -0.8 (Suction)
The wind is suction

∴ neglect the wind effect

Design Moment
Case I : (If Wind Compression not exists)
𝑴𝑴𝑿𝑿 = 𝑴𝑴𝑿𝑿−𝑫𝑫.𝑳𝑳 + 𝑴𝑴𝑿𝑿−𝑳𝑳.𝑳𝑳 𝒐𝒐𝒐𝒐 𝑴𝑴𝑿𝑿−𝑳𝑳.𝑳𝑳.𝟏𝟏
𝑴𝑴𝑿𝑿 = 𝟗𝟗. 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 + 𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑. 𝟒𝟒 = 𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒. 𝟖𝟖𝟖𝟖 𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄. 𝒕𝒕
𝑴𝑴𝒚𝒚 = 𝑴𝑴𝒚𝒚−𝑫𝑫.𝑳𝑳 + 𝑴𝑴𝒚𝒚−𝑳𝑳.𝑳𝑳 𝒐𝒐𝒐𝒐 𝑴𝑴𝒚𝒚−𝑳𝑳.𝑳𝑳.𝟏𝟏

𝑴𝑴𝒚𝒚 = 𝟏𝟏. 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 + 𝟓𝟓. 𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟓 = 𝟔𝟔. 𝟖𝟖𝟖𝟖 𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄. 𝒕𝒕

b- Estimation of cross-section

b- Estimation of cross-section




c . Check of stress
i. Check flexure stress
ii. Check shear stress

𝟔𝟔
( 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐. 𝟔𝟔 + 𝟖𝟖𝟖𝟖. 𝟔𝟔 ∗ 𝐜𝐜𝐜𝐜𝐜𝐜 𝟖𝟖 ∗
𝐐𝐐𝐗𝐗 𝐦𝐦𝐦𝐦𝐦𝐦 𝟐𝟐 )/𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
𝐪𝐪𝐚𝐚𝐚𝐚𝐚𝐚 = = = 𝟎𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟒𝟒 𝐭𝐭⁄𝐜𝐜𝐜𝐜𝟐𝟐 ≤ 𝟎𝟎. 𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝐅𝐅𝐲𝐲 = 𝟎𝟎. 𝟖𝟖𝟖𝟖 𝐭𝐭⁄𝐜𝐜𝐜𝐜𝟐𝟐 𝐨𝐨𝐨𝐨. .
𝐡𝐡 ∗ 𝐭𝐭 𝐰𝐰 𝟐𝟐 ∗ 𝟕𝟕. 𝟔𝟔 ∗ 𝟎𝟎. 𝟒𝟒
iii. Check deflection

Due to L.L. only without impact ,Using Conjugate beam method
Thanks

7 Dr. Mohamed Abo Elyazed Cold Formed - Roof Purlins Part 2

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7 Dr. Mohamed Abo Elyazed Cold Formed - Roof Purlins Part 2

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Design of Steel Structure 2

 Design of crane girder (Rolled HEB-Sections)

 Design of crane girder (Built-up sections)

 Cold Formed - Design of Purlins

 Composite section for beams

 Design of Built-up beam columns

 Design of Eccentric Connections (Shear, Torsion and Bending Moment)

Dr. Mohamed Abo Elyazed 2 /51

section Code requirements.

on the stiffening arrangement provided.

Dr. Mohamed Abo Elyazed 3 /51

ADVANTAGES OF COLD FORMED

 Any desired shape of any desired length can be produced

 Pre-galvanised or pre-coated metals have high resistance to

corrosion, besides having an attractive surface finish

 All conventional jointing methods, (i.e. riveting, bolting, welding and

adhesives) can be employed

 High strength to weight ratio

 light and easy to transport and erect

Dr. Mohamed Abo Elyazed 4 /51

Dr. Mohamed Abo Elyazed 5 /51

CHECK OF SECTION CLASS

Cold formed Z (Zed) and C (channel) sections

Dr. Mohamed Abo Elyazed 6 /51

Dr. Mohamed Abo Elyazed 7 /51

Dr. Mohamed Abo Elyazed 8 /51

 The effective parts of a cold-formed sections

2. For section subjected to normal force only

Dr. Mohamed Abo Elyazed 9 /51

Dr. Mohamed Abo Elyazed 10 /51

Dr. Mohamed Abo Elyazed 11 /51

 How to calculate Buckling coefficient 𝑲𝑲𝝈𝝈

Dr. Mohamed Abo Elyazed 12 /51

Dr. Mohamed Abo Elyazed 13 /51

 Effective Width of Uniformly Compressed Elements with an Edge Stiffener

 In case of Partially stiffened we have three cases

Elements with Edge Stiffener

Dr. Mohamed Abo Elyazed 14 /51

Dr. Mohamed Abo Elyazed 15 /51

Dr. Mohamed Abo Elyazed 16 /51

After calculate 𝑲𝑲𝝈𝝈 𝒘𝒘𝒘𝒘 𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄 𝝀𝝀𝒑𝒑 𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂 𝝆𝝆

Dr. Mohamed Abo Elyazed 17/51

, Assume (O.W= 10 kg/m`) for cold-formed section

a- Loads and Staining action WDL

𝑾𝑾𝑫𝑫.𝑳𝑳 ∗ 𝑺𝑺𝟐𝟐 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐. 𝟔𝟔 ∗ 𝟔𝟔𝟐𝟐 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏

a- Loads and Staining action

WLL = wL.L. * 𝒂𝒂 = 50.63 * 1.75 = 88.6 kg/m`

𝑾𝑾𝑳𝑳.𝑳𝑳 ∗ 𝑺𝑺𝟐𝟐 𝟖𝟖𝟖𝟖. 𝟔𝟔 ∗ 𝟔𝟔𝟐𝟐 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏

Dr. Mohamed Abo Elyazed 19 /51

a- Loads and Staining action

𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 ∗ 𝑺𝑺 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 ∗ 𝟔𝟔 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏

𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕 𝜶𝜶 = 0.1 < 0.4 Ce = -0.8 (Suction)

The wind is suction

Dr. Mohamed Abo Elyazed 20 /51

𝑴𝑴𝒚𝒚 = 𝑴𝑴𝒚𝒚−𝑫𝑫.𝑳𝑳 + 𝑴𝑴𝒚𝒚−𝑳𝑳.𝑳𝑳 𝒐𝒐𝒐𝒐 𝑴𝑴𝒚𝒚−𝑳𝑳.𝑳𝑳.𝟏𝟏

Dr. Mohamed Abo Elyazed 21 /51

Dr. Mohamed Abo Elyazed 22 /51

Dr. Mohamed Abo Elyazed 23 /51

Dr. Mohamed Abo Elyazed 24 /51

Dr. Mohamed Abo Elyazed 25 /51

Dr. Mohamed Abo Elyazed 26 /51

ii. Check shear stress