Faculty of Computing, Bahir Dar Institute of Technology, Bahir Dar

University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia,

Department꞉-computer science
Research Methodology and Scientific Writing Course
Title of Assignment Finger Print Identification system based on DSP CHIP
Statement of The Art Critical Individual Assignment
Summited To꞉-Dr Tesfa
Name꞉-Yismaw Demere kassa
ID꞉-BDU1500279PR

Abstract
Pattern recognition, image processing, and database technologies are all included in a
fingerprint
identification system, making it appropriate for a variety of authentication applications. This
article outlines the hardware and software design processes for an integrated fingerprint
identification system that uses a DSP microprocessor and is based on silicon materials
a
production. The system can do categorization automatically and, in addition, instantly compare
the findings with the fingerprint database. The system can swiftly learn the identities of the
people that need to be identified, according to experimental data. Keywords: Image acquisition,
Fingerprint feature extraction, Identification of fingerprints, DSP chip components.

Keywords: Image acquisition, Fingerprint feature extraction, Fingerprint identification, DSP

chip materials.

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 1. Introduction

Fingerprint used as a means of identification for a person has other means incomparable
superiority. Compared with the other method of identification such as face recognition, and iris
recognition, fingerprint recognition has the following advantages:

(1) the uniqueness of fingerprints, from the current study results, the world does not have two
identical fingerprints. Besides, a person's fingerprint is determined from the moment of one's
birth and does not change with age.

(2) Relatively easy to collect fingerprints. There are various types of fingerprint capture devices,
just click with one, the fingerprint images will be obtained, and it's relatively convenient.

(3) The fingerprint recognition algorithm is already quite mature, at present, a good fingerprint
recognition algorithm's false acceptance rate and false rejection rate can be reached 1% and 0.1%
or less at the same time. On a better-performance PC, the time of fingerprint recognition does not
exceed 0.5 seconds(Wang & Gao, 2011).

DSP chip has a strong mathematical ability, besides, the external interface with flexible design;
interface circuit is very convenient and costs less and less. This system uses It's TMS320VC5402
as the processing unit of DSP (hereinafter referred to as C5402), with an embedded fingerprint
identification system. (Han et al., 2021).

2 Principle of Fingerprint Identification Fingerprint recognition is a comprehensive study in the

area of pattern recognition. The core elements of the fingerprint image are extracted form of
organization and order. These elements include the composition of the ridge, flow direction, the
center, delta points, and minutiae points. As the fingerprints collected and scene fingerprints are
influenced by the severity of indentation, distortion, deflection, and the environment, there is
relative deformation of fingerprint images, deformity, and noise, resulting in information loss
and the appearance of false features. Thus the key to fingerprint image pattern recognition is to
seek the method that adapts to image processes and features extraction of all kinds of image
environments and seek the image topology model that the relative scale, translation, rotation, and
affine invariant don't change and the invariable quantity of computer vision. Guided by this
approach, the basic processing framework of Automatic Fingerprint Identification usually
includes fingerprint collection, preprocessing, feature extraction, and classification(Zheng et al.,
n.d.).

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The algorithm process of fingerprint identification system mainly includes:

(1) image processing - to obtain high-quality binary image;

(2) lines refinement - to obtain a binary image after thinning;

(3) details of the extraction - extracting endpoints and shape of the intersection;

(4) details of the comparison - the details of the input template and the input image;

2. Objective

The main object of image processing is to enter the gray image into a binary image that has
better quality. As a fingerprint image is a louder noisy image, therefore needs image
enhancement to reduce the noise and enhance the ridge line.

3. Methodology
A. Tools and techniques

The Basic Composition of Fingerprint Identification System Hardware DSP-based fingerprint

identification system with the basic same as PC, input and output signals of fingerprint
identification system, the only difference is that it constitutes a fingerprint image processing
using DSP core, which can from the PC to fingerprint identification(Goloshchapov-Aksenov et
al., 2020).

The block diagram shown in Figure 1, is a DSP-based fingerprint identification system

composed of a fingerprint acquisition, DSP unit, and memory unit. In addition, since some of the
high-performance DSP chipset with a flexible external interface, to increase the processing
capacity of the system, some systems often includes other management units, such as the
fingerprint database, communications, human-machine interface, and so on, many high-grade
fingerprint identification system also requires an Ethernet interface and Internet connectivity.

Fingerprint image acquisition is to get digital fingerprint images that the computer can identify.
A general approach is to "1×1" identify digital fingerprint images into 512×512 pixels (each
pixel 8bit) of the array. DSP unit is the core of the fingerprint processing system and is
responsible for processing fingerprint images in real-time to complete the image preprocessing
and extracting fingerprint signatures. And marching the fingerprint

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feature with the fingerprint database, given the results of discrimination. The unit is composed of
the main processor of DSP and can be synchronized through the DSP serial port to communicate
with other devices. The memory unit consists of SRAM and FLASH memory chip
implementation. CPLD (complex programmable logic device) to achieve image acquisition to
address generation and the image stored in the SRAM, but also produce other function modules'
control signal and a variety of independent timing that system needs or combinational logic
circuits. SRAM is used for program execution and storing temporary data. FLASH is used to
store the boot loader program of DSP, so that the system is on the electric start, and contains the
fingerprint characteristic data area program.

3.2 Hardware Design of Fingerprint Identification System

The fingerprint identification system adopts the TMS320VC5042 processor, produced by TI, as
the core processor, the chip is the DSP that TI launched in 1996. Its features are:

(1) around eight buses constitute enhanced Harvard architecture;

(2) a high degree of parallelism and CPU with dedicated hardware logic design;

(3) highly specialized instruction system;

(4) modular structure design ;

(5) advanced IC technology.

The fingerprint acquisition chip adopts the FPS200, produced by the Veridical of U.S. MBF200
is a capacitive Fujitsu solid fingerprint sensor that can capture fingerprint images to 500dpi. Its
sensors are 256 × 300 sensor array, can be operated in 3.3V ~ 5V wide voltage range.

The fingerprint identification system structure is shown in Figure 2.

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When the fingerprint is collected, the 5402 external expansion RAM and ROM. RAM is used to
store fingerprint data, and ROM to store the DSP program. Which, MAX3111 is to provide an
RS232 interface, through this interface, a fingerprint acquisition system can outward (such as a
PC) to provide fingerprint data. DSP and MBF200 are 3.3V power supplies. MBF200 needs no
external crystal, but rather uses the internal 12MHz oscillator to provide a clock.

3.3.Fingerprint Identification System Software Design

B. Dataset preparation …… any other related

Fingerprint Identification System programming, using mixing programming methods, and C

language design processing time is not strictly required for the module, design in assembly
language requires a real-time core algorithm.

MBF200 and 5402 to complete the interface communication between the SPI, still need to run
the program on 5402. When the fingerprint data is received by 5402, before not completing
MBF200 in a row, the frame signal must remain in effect, that is to say, the length of a frame for
256 × 8 bits. Therefore, the DMA 5402 can only be used to receive, the DMA receive frame size
should be configured to 128 × 16 bits. 5402 part of the assembly procedure is as follows:

/*Open the automatic buffering unit (ABU), open the DMA to 128-word × 16- bits frame the
DMA receiving, channel 0 */

STM # DMSRC1, DMSA; set the source address for DRR10

STM # DRR10, DMSDN

STM # DMDST1, DMSA; set the destination address to 3200H

STM # 3200H, DMSDN

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STM # DMCTR1, DMSA; set the size of the buffer for 80H a word

STM # 80H, DMSDN

STM # DMSFC1, DMSA

STM # 0001000000000000B, DMSDN

STM # DMMCR1, DMSA

STM # 0101000001001101B, DMSDN

STM # DMIDX0, DMSA

STM # 0001H, DMSDN

STM # 0000001000000011B, DMC

..../* INT0 interrupt service, used to receive the data of MBF200 */ RET

4. CRITIQUES
A. Strength

Advantages of being safe and convenient.DSP microprocessor designs adopt a fingerprint

identification system with fingerprint recognition fast and accurate. The system can
automatically carry out the classification of fingerprints, besides, comparing the results with the
fingerprint database in real-time.

B. Weakness
Some disadvantages of digital processors (DSP)are given below. Digital communication requires
greater bandwidth than analog to transmit the same information. The detection of digital signals
requires the communication system to be synchronized, whereas generally speaking this is not
the case with analog systems.
No physical or protocol standard for interfacing with frame grabbers

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 5. Reference

Goloshchapov-Aksenov, R. S., Kicha, D. I., & Sharapova, O. V. (2020). Endovascular

Biometrics. In Proceedings - 2020 Ural Symposium on Biomedical Engineering,
Radioelectronics and Information Technology, USBEREIT 2020.
https://doi.org/10.1109/USBEREIT48449.2020.9117704

Han, Q., Yang, H., Weng, T., Chen, G., Liu, J., & Tian, Y. (2021). Multimodal identification is
based on fingerprint and faces images via a hetero‐associative memory method.
Mathematics, 9(22), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.3390/math9222976

Wang, F., & Gao, G. (2011). Embedded fingerprint identification system based on DSP chip.
Advances in Intelligent and Soft Computing, 104, 595–599. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-
642-23777-5_96

Zheng, W.-S., Sun, Z., Wang, Y., Chen, X., Yuen, P. C., & Lai, J. (n.d.). LNCS 7701 - Biometric
Recognition.

Thank you!!!!

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