高考英语常用词词性转换及派生

词义 动词 v. 名词 n. 形容词 adj. 反义词 其他派生词

使能够 enable ability/disability able disable disabled/unable
不正常的 abnormal normal
缺席 absence absent
学术的 academy academic
加速 accelerate acceleration
接受 accept acceptance acceptable unacceptable
接进 access access accessible
住宿 accommodate accommodation
积累 accumulate accumulation
陪伴 accompany company
精确的 accuracy accurate inaccurate
达到，获得 achieve achievement achievable
获得，习得 acquire acquisition
表演，行动 act action /act /activity active inactive actual/actually
适应，改编 adapt adaptation
增加， add addition additional
足够 adequacy adequate
调整/使适应 adjust adjustment
敬佩 admire admiration admirable
承认 admit admission
收养，采纳 adopt adoption adopted
前进 advance advance advanced
好处 advantage disadvantage
事故 accident accidentally
使上瘾 addict addition addicted /addictive addict
做广告 advertise advertisement advertiser
影响,打动 affect effect
机构 agent agency
侵略，侵犯 aggression aggressive aggressor
农业 agriculture agricultural
同意 agree agreement agreeable disagree disagreement
分配 allocate allocation
允许 allow allowance allowable
使吃惊 amaze amazement amazing/amazed

1
抱负 ambition ambitious
逗乐、娱乐 amuse amusement amusing/amused
分析 analyze analysis
生气 anger angry
通知 announce announcement
使烦恼 annoy annoyance annoying/annoyed
期望 anticipate anticipation
焦虑，焦急 anxiety anxious anxiously
鼓掌 applaud applause
约定 appoint appointment
道歉 apologize apology
出现 appear appearance disappear disappearance
申请 apply applicant application
欣赏 appreciate appreciation appreciable
靠近，方法 approach approach approachable
批准；认可 approve approval disapproval
争吵，争论 argue argument arguable
安排 arrange arrangement
到达 arrive arrival
评估，评价 assess assessment
帮助 assist assistant/assistance
联系 associate association
假定，假设 assume assumption
确保 assure assurance
使惊讶 astonish astonishment astonishing(ed)
运动员 athlete athletic
原子 atom atomic
附上，依恋 attach attachment
吸引 attract attraction attractive unattractive attractively
知道的 awareness aware unaware
烤 bake bakery
平衡 balance balance balanced
以…为基础 base basis，base basic basement
洗澡 bathe bath bathtub
生，忍受 bear birth bearable unbearable birthday/birthplace
美化 beautify beauty beautiful beautifully
开始 begin beginner beginning
表现 behave behavior

2
相信 believe belief believable unbelievable believably
有益的 benefit beneficial
背叛 betray betrayal
盲的 blindness blind blindly
流血 bleed blood bloody bleeding(n.)
使烦闷 bore bored/boring
勇敢 bravery brave bravely
简洁的 brief briefly
打碎 break broken
呼吸 breathe breath breathless breathlessly
晒，烧 burn burnt
忙碌 business busy businessman
计算 calculate calculation
有能力的 capability/capacity capable
关心，喜欢 care care careful/careless carefully/carelessly
偶然的 casual casually
小心 caution caution cautious
庆祝 celebrate celebration celebrated celebrity
中心 centre central
挑战 challenge challenge challenging
改变 change change changeable unchangeable
characteristic（&n.
特点 character
）
欢呼 cheer cheer cheerful cheerfully
化学 chemistry chemical chemist
小孩 child childish childhood
选择 choose choice chosen
文明的 civilize civilization civilized
澄清 clarify clarification
分类 classify class classic/ classical classification
靠近的 close closely
关闭 close close closed
收集 collect collection collective
结合 combine combination
舒适 comfort comfort comfortable uncomfortable discomfort
商业 commerce commercial
承诺 commit commitment
沟通 communicate communication communicative
陪伴 accompany company/companion

3
比较 compare comparison comparable comparative
赔偿 compensate compensation
competition/
竞争 compete competitive competitor
competence
抱怨 complain complaint
信心 confidence confident confidential
关心；有关 concern concern concerned unconcerned concerning
总结 conclude conclusion
指挥 conduct conductor
使混淆 confuse confusion confusing/confused
祝贺 congratulate congratulation
连接 connect connection connected
意识 consciousness conscious unconscious
后果 consequence consequent consequently
保存，保护 conserve conservation conservative
考虑 consider consideration considerate considerable
构建 construct construction
咨询 consult consultant
消耗 consume consumption
矛盾 contradict contradictory
贡献 contribute contribution
方便，便利 convenience convenient inconvenient inconveniently
习俗 convention conventional
使相信 convince convincing
纠正 correct correction correct
腐败 corruption corrupt
鼓励 encourage courage courageous discourage encouragement
覆盖 cover cover covered uncovered
创造 create creation creative creativity
犯罪 crime/ criminal criminal
批评的 criticize critic/criticism critical
拥挤的 crowd crowded
残忍 cruelty cruel
文化 culture cultural
好奇的 curiosity curious
骑自信车 cycle cyclist recycle
危险 endanger danger dangerous endangered
死 die death dead deadly
决定 decide decision decisive

4
宣布 declare declaration
装饰 decorate decoration
防卫，保护 defend defence
定义 define definition
故意的 deliberate deliberately
高兴 delight delight delighted delightful
投递 deliver delivery
要求 demand demand demanding
否认，拒绝 deny denial
离开 depart departure
依赖 depend dependence dependent independent independence
沮丧 depress depression depressed
深 deepen depth deep deeply
描述 describe description
绝望的 desperation desperate desperately
破坏 destroy destruction
决定 determine determination determined
发展；晒相 develop development developed developing
献身，奉献 devote devotion devoted
differ、differe
区别,不同 difference different differently
ntiate
困难 difficulty difficult
指挥，指示 direct direction/director direct directly
使失望 disappoint disappointment disappointing(ed)
使泄气 discourage discouragement discouraging(ed)
发现 discover discovery
歧视，区分 discriminate discrimination
讨论 discuss discussion
恶心 disgust disgust disgusting/ed
距离 distance distant
分配 distribute distribution
打扰 disturb disturbing
分开，分成 divide division divided
捐献 donate donation
喝 drink drinker drunk
昏暗的 dusk dusky
灰尘 dust dusty
经济 economy economic/ economical economist
编辑 edit edition editor

5
教育 educate education/educator educational
效率 efficiency efficiency
年长的 elder elderly
选举 elect election
电 electricity electric/ electronic electrical
优雅 elegance elegant
尴尬 embarrass embarrassment embarrassed/ing
紧急 emergency emergent
情绪 emotion emotional
强调 emphasize emphasis
雇用 employ employment employed unemployed employer(ee)
鼓励 encourage encouragement encouraging/ed
结束 end end/ending endless
活力，能量 energy energetic
享受 enjoy enjoyment enjoyable joyful
扩大 enlarge large
询问 enquire enquiry
进入 enter entry/entrance
娱乐 entertain entertainment
热情 enthusiasm enthusiastic
环境 environment environmental environmentalist
嫉妒 envy envious
equate/
平等 equality equal unequal equally
equal
设备 equip equipment
评估，评价 evaluate evaluation
迹象 evidence evident
进化 evolve evolution
确切 exact exactly
例外 exception except
使兴奋 excite excitement excited/exciting
展览，展出 exhibit exhibition
存在 exist existence
期望,预期 expect expectation expected unexpected unexpectedly
花费 expense expensive
经历 experience experience experienced
解释；说明 explain explanation
爆炸 explode explosion explosive
探索 explore exploration/explorer

6
暴露，揭示 expose exposure
出口 export export import
表达 express expression
延长，延伸 extend extension
极端的 extreme extremely
面对 face face facial
失败 fail failure
忠诚 faith faithful
名声，名望 fame famous
时尚 fashion fashionable
感觉 feel feeling
最后 final finally
财政;金融 finance finance financial
牢固的 firm firmly
健康，适合 fitness fit
灵活的，有
flexibility flexible
弹性的
流畅 fluency fluent fluently
雾 fog foggy
跟踪；跟着 follow following
愚弄 fool fool foolish
外国的 foreigner foreign
forgetful（健忘的）
忘记 forget forgetfulness unforgettable
forgettable(易忘记的)
运气 fortune fortunate unfortunate misfortune
建立 found foundation
脆弱 fragility fragile
芬芳 fragrance fragrant
自由 free freedom free freely
使结冰 freeze freezing frozen
频繁 frequency frequent frequently
朋友 friend friendly friendship
frightened
使惊恐 frighten fright
/frightening
霜 frost frosty
乐趣 fun funny
陈设,布置 furnish furniture furnished well-furnished
大体的 general generally
慷慨 generosity generous

7
基因 gene genetic
礼物，才能 gift gifted
地球 globalize globe global globalization
光荣 glory glorious
统治；管理 govern governor government
优雅 grace graceful
逐渐的 gradual gradually
毕业 graduate graduation graduate
感激 gratitude grateful
问候，招呼 greet greeting
成长，增长 grow growth
指导 guide guidance
内疚，罪行 guilt guilty
手 hand hand handy
快乐，幸福 happiness happy unhappy happily/unhappily
使变硬 harden hardship hard hard(adv)
伤害 harm harm harmful harmless
和谐 harmony harmonious
恨 hate hatred hateful
健康 health healthy healthily
听力 hear hearing
高 height high highly 高度地
帮助 help help helpful helpless
犹豫 hesitate hesitation hesitant
历史 history historic historical
诚实 honest honesty
希望 hope hope hopeful hopeless hopelessness
恐怖；惊恐 horror horrible horribly
幽默 humor humorous
饥饿 hunger hungry hungrily
身份 identify identity identification
无视，忽视 ignore ignorance ignorant
合法 legal illegal legally
说明，阐明 illustrate illustration
imaginary（想象
想像 imagine imagination imaginative
的）
模仿 imitate imitation
移民 immigrate immigration immigrant

8
重要 importance important unimportant
可能 possibility possible impossible impossibility
印象 impress impression impressive
提高；改良 improve improvement
包含，包括 include including
工业 industry industrial industrially
感染 infect infection infected
膨胀，夸大 inflate inflation inflated
告知 inform information
伤害 injure injury injured
清白，无辜 innocence innocent
创新 innovate innovation
检查，视察 inspect inspection
鼓舞，激发 inspire inspiration inspired/inspiring
立刻 instant instant instantly
指示/教育 instruct instruction instructive instructor
保险 insure insurance
智力 intellect intellectual/intelligent intelligence
打算，想要 intend intention intentional
互动，相互
interact interaction
作用
兴趣 interest interest interested/interesting
口译；解释 interpret interpretation interpreter
打断 interrupt interruption
采访 interview interviewer/ee
介绍，引进 introduce introduction
发明 invent invention inventor
调查 investigate investigation
邀请 invite invitation
involve involvement involved
工作 job jobless
欢乐 joy joyful
判断 judge judge judgment
正义 justify justice
善良 kindness kind
知道 know knowledge known unknown well-known
大 enlarge large
笑 laugh laughter
懒惰 laziness lazy lazily

9
领导；引导 lead leader/leadership leading mislead（v)
学习 learn learner learned
长 lengthen length long
解放 liberate liberation/liberty
可能 like likely unlikely
有限的 limit limit limited limitaition
文学 literature literary literally
生活 live life live/lively living/ alive
位于 locate location be located in
逻辑 logic logical illogical
loosen loose loosely
损失；失败 lose loss lost
魔术，魔法 magician magic magic
成熟 mature immature
幸运 luck lucky
主要的 major major majority
管理 manage manager management
结婚 marry marriage married unmarried
药 medicine medical
大量 mass massive
意思 mean meaning
记忆 memorize memory memorial
精神的 mental mentally
仁慈 mercy merciful
把...搞乱 mess mess messy
迁移 migrate migration
最小量 minimum maximum
少数 minority minor
悲惨 misery miserable
误会 misunderstand misunderstanding misunderstood understand understanding(n.)
错误 mistake mistake mistaken
道德的 moral immoral
刺激 motivate motivation motivated
山 mountain mountainous
移动;前进 move movement moving moved
泥 mud muddy
相乘 multiply multiple
谋杀 murder murder/murderer

10
音乐 music musical musician
神秘的 mystery mysterious
名字 name name namely(adv)
国家;民族 nation/ nationality national international
自然 nature natural unnatural naturally
必需的 necessity necessary unnecessary necessarily
谈判 negotiate negotiation
紧张的 nerve nervous nervously
喧闹的 noise noisy noisily
正常的 normal abnormal normally
数量 number numerous
营养 nutrition nutritious
服从，听从 obey disobey
物体，宾语 object objective
观察 observe observation observable
占据 occupy occupation occupied
冒犯 offend offence offensive defend
官方 office official officer
operation
运作，操作 operate operative cooperate
/operator
反对 oppose opposition opposite
选择 option optional
组织 organize organization organized organizer
起源 originate origin original
痛苦 pain painful painless
惊慌 panic panic panicky
参与 participate participation participant
耐心 patience patient impatient
和平 peace peaceful
表演，表现 perform performance performer
允许 permit permission
personality
人 person personal
/personally
劝说 persuade persuasive
哲学的 philosophy philosophical
物理 physics physical
取悦 please pleasure pleased pleasant
毒药 poison poisonous
礼貌 politeness polite impolite

11
政治 politics political politician
pollutant（污染
污染 pollute pollution
物）
流行 popularity popular
拥有，持有 possess possession
可能 possibility possible impossible
力量 power powerful
实践 practice practice practical
祈祷 pray prayer
预测 predict prediction predictable unpredictable
宁愿，情愿 prefer preference preferable
准备 prepare preparation prepared unprepared
处方 prescribe prescription
展示 present presentation presenter
保护 preserve preservation
压力 press pressure
防止 prevent prevention preventable
价格 price priceless
优先 prior priority
监狱 prison prisoner
步骤 proceed procedure
product，produce
生产 produce production productive
r
职业，专业 profession professional unprofessional professor
促进，提升 promote promotion
发音 pronounce pronunciation
建议 propose proposal
保护 protect protection protective protector
证明 prove proof
骄傲 pride proud
心理 psychology psychological psychologically
出版 publish publication
惩罚 punish punishment
困惑 puzzle puzzle puzzled/puzzling
资格 qualify qualification qualified unqualified
种族 race racial racism/racist
放射 radiation radioactive
反应 react reaction
意识，实现 realize realization real reality/really

12
理论 reason reason reasonable unreasonable
receiver/
接收 receive receipt/receptionist
reception
意识 recognize recognition
推荐 recommend recommendation
恢复 recover recovery
提及，查阅 refer reference referee
反射，反映 reflect reflection reflective
拒绝 refuse refusal
看作 regard regards regardless regarding
区域 region regional
登记 register registration
规律 regulation regular irregular
拒绝 reject rejection
relative
关系 relate relation related
/relationship
放松 relax relaxation relaxing，relaxed
有关系的 relevant irrelevant
依靠 rely reliability reliable unreliable
欣慰 relieve relief relieved
宗教 religion religious
剩余 remain remains remaining
移动 remove removal
代表 represent representative representative
要求 require requirement
解救、拯救 rescue rescue rescuer
相似 resemble resemblance
保存 reserve reservation
辞职 resign resignation
抵抗，排斥 resist resistance resistant irresistible
回应 respond response
责任 responsibility responsible irresponsible
尊敬 respect respect respectful respectable
方面 respect respective respectively
限制 restrict restriction restricted
退休 retire retirement retired
复习，评论 review/revise revision reviewer
修订 revise revision
抢劫 rob robbery

13
粗鲁，无礼 rudeness rude rudely
安全 safety safe
盐 salt salty
满足 satisfy satisfaction satisfied/satisfying satisfactory
缺乏的 scarce scarcely
吓唬 scare scared scary
科学 science scientific scientist
安全 secure security secure insecure
选择 select selection selected
自己 self selfish unselfish selfless
感官 sense sensitive insensitive sensitivity
分开 separate separation separately
为…服务 serve service servant
安定，居住 settle settlement settled settler
severity severe severely
sex sexual/sexy
羞愧，羞耻 shame shameful shameless ashamed
尖，锋利 sharpen sharpener sharp sharply
刮 shave shaver
缺乏 shortage short
疾病 sick sickness
看见 see sight insight(n)
签字 sign signal/signature
重要 significance significant
安静 silence silent
相似 similarity similar
简单 simplify simplification simple simply
真诚 sincerity sincere sincerely
技巧 skill skilled/skillful
奴隶 slave slave slavery
睡觉 sleep sleep sleepy
闻 smell smelly
顺利 smooth smoothly
下雪 snow snowy
社会 socialize society social socialist, socialism
解决 solve solution
悲伤 sorrow sorrowful
特别的 specialist special specialize

14
精神 spirit spiritual
稳定 stability stable
污点 stain stainless
（使）挨饿 starve starvation
陈述 state statement statesman
储藏 store storage store(n)
陌生的 stranger strange
强，有力 strengthen strength strong
压力 stress stress stressed stressful
风格 style stylish stylist
主体 subject subjective
顺从 submit submission
订阅 subscribe subscription
成功 succeed success successful
遭受 suffer suffering
建议 suggest suggestion
适合 suit suitable
总结 summarize summary
super/superb
卓越的 superior
/superior
支持 support support supportive supporter
围绕 surround surroundings surrounding
幸存 survive survival survivor
象征 symbolize symbol symbolic
同情 sympathize sympathy sympathetic
系统 system systematic
口味，品味 taste taste tasty tasteless
技术 technique technical technology
倾向 tend tendency
紧张 tension tense
恐怖 terrify terror terrified/terrifying terrorism/terrorist
理论 theory theoretical
盗窃 thief theft
渴 thirst thirsty
想，思想 think thought thoughtful thinking
威胁 threaten threat
使兴奋 thrill thriller thrilled thrilling
使劳累 tire tiredness tiring, tired tiresome
忍受 tolerate tolerance/ tolerant/ tolerable intolerant

15
 toleration /intolerable
触摸 touch touch touched touching
旅游,巡演 tour tour tourism/tourist
传统 tradition traditional
变形，变化 transform transformation transformer
翻译 translate translation translator
对待，治疗 treat treat /treatment treaty
麻烦 trouble troublesome
真实的 trust truth true truly
尝试，审讯 try trial
麻烦 trouble troublesome
真实的 truth true truly
类别 type typical typist
理解 understand understanding understandable
宇宙 universe universal university
催促 urge urge urgent
使用 use use useful/useless user
通常 usual usually
有效的 validity valid invalid
价值 value value valuable valueless Invaluable
类别 vary variety various
违反，触犯 violate violation
暴力 violence violent violently
火山 volcano volcanic
志愿 volunteer volunteer voluntary voluntarily
侍候 wait waiting waiter/waitress
温暖 warm warmth warm
警告 warn warning
浪费 waste waste waste wasteful
挥动 wave wave wavy
弱 weaken weakness weak
财富 wealth wealthy
每周 week weekly
疲惫 wear worn
重量 weigh weight
宽 widen width wide widespread
愿意 will will willing unwilling unwillingness
智慧的 wisdom wise

16
皱纹 wrinkle wrinkled
奇迹 wonder wonder wonderful
木 wood wooden
羊毛 wool woolen
担心 worry worry worried
糟糕的 worse worsen
价值 worth worthless worthwhile/worthy
伤害 wound wound wounded
年轻 youth young youngster
拉链 zip zipper

17