7.

14 HIGHER ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS- II

given integral in terms of the new variables u,v is

1
∫ ∫ R (x+y)²dxdy= ∫ ∫ R u² ¿ ¿ dudv¿30
−5
3 2
1
= 5 ∫ ∫ u² dudv
0 0

3
1 8 8
= 5 ∫ u3³ ¿20 dv = 15 . v =5
0

Example 2: Evaluate ∫ ∫ R (x²+y²) dxdy where R is the region in the first quadrant

bounded by x²-y²= a ,x²-y²=b, 2xy=c, 2xy=d, 0<a<b , 0<c<d .

Solution: Introducing x²-y ²=u , xy=v , the given region R gets transformed to a

rectangle R* in the uv plane given by

c d
a < u < b; 2 < v < 2

Since

| ||
∂u ∂u
∂(u , v )
∂( x , y ) =
∂x
∂v
∂y
∂v
2 x −2 y
= y x |
= 2(x²+y²)
∂x ∂y
 ∂(x , y ) 1
so that Jacobian =J = ∂(u , v ) = 2(x ²+ y ²) . Thus,

∫ ∫ R (x²+ y²)dx dy

|
1
= ∫ ∫ R (x²+y²) 2( x ²+ y ²) dudv|
b
1 d c
= ∫
d /2
c/ 2 ∫ dudv = 2 (b-a) . ( 2 − 2 )
a

(b−a)(d −c)
= 4
 πy
Example 3: Evaluate ∫ ∫ R e−(x+ y ) sin( )dxdy where R is the entire first quadrant in
x+ y
the x-y plane.
Solution : In the first quadrant both x and y vary from 0 to ꝏ. Put x + y =u , y=v so
that x=u-v , y=v

i. Origin O(0,0) in xy-plane :0 =u-v,

 0=v, u=0. Thus (0,0) in xy- plane corresponds to (0,0) in u, v- plane .

ii. x-axis : y= 0 i.e., v=0 , so x=u – 0=u since x ≥ 0 , u= x ≥ 0.

Thus x-axis gets transformed to u-axis (v=0,u ≥0 )

iii. y-axis :x=0 so 0 =x=u -v, so that u=v since y ≥0,u=v=y ≥0.
Thus y-axis gets mapped to the line u=v in the uv-plane.

iv. Any point x>0,y>0.

Since v=y >0 and u-v=x >0 so that u>v.
Thus any point (x>0,y>0) corresponds to (u,v) where u>v>0. Thus the entire first
quadrant in xy-plane gets transformed to the region between u- axis and the line
u=v.