Senior High School

Physical Science

Wave Properties of Light

 1. cite experimental evidence showing that electrons can behave like waves
(S11/12PS-IVg-64)
Learning Objectives:
a. identify the different experimental evidences showing electrons can
behave like waves
b. differentiate the findings of the different experimental evidences
showing electrons can behave like waves
c. illustrate Davisson-Germer Experiment and Electron Diffraction
Tube Experiment

2. differentiate dispersion, scattering, interference and diffraction (S11/12PS-

IVh-65)
Learning Objectives:
a. define dispersion, scattering, interference, and diffraction
b. differentiate the different wave properties of light

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PRE-TEST

Direction: Read each item carefully. Write the letter of the correct answer.

1. Which of the following equations shows both the wave and particle nature of
a photon?
A. E=mc² B. E=hf C. p=Ec D. λ=hp

2. Which property of a wave was observed in the behavior of electrons in

Davisson and Germer’s experiment using recrystallized nickel?
A. Diffraction B. Interference C. Polarization D. Reflection

3. Which of the following has the longest wavelength but least index of
refraction?
A. Blue B. Orange C. Red D. Violet

4. Which of the following colors is refracted the most?

A. Blue B. Orange C. Red D. Violet

5. Who among the following theorize that a particle can also exhibit wave
characteristics?
A. Albert Einstein B. Lester Germer
C. Clinton Davisson D. Louis de Broglie

6. Which of the following phenomenon is not associated with scattering of

light?
A. Blue Sky B. White Clouds
C. Rainbow Formation D. Red-orange Sunset

7. What do we call the splitting of white light into its constituent colors?
A. Diffraction B. Dispersion
C. Inference D. Scattering

8. It is associated with waves that bend around the corners of obstacles.

A. Diffraction B. Interference
C. Polarization D. Reflection

9. Rainbow formation is associated with dispersion. Which of the following is

the correct arrangement of the colors of rainbow?
A. Orange, yellow, blue, indigo, red, violet, green
A. Red, orange, yellow, blue, green, indigo, violet
B. Red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet
C. Green, orange, red, violet, yellow, blue, indigo

10.What part of the de Broglie wavelength shows the particle nature of a

photon?
A. p or momentum B. λ or wavelength

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 C. h or Planck’s constant D. c or speed of light

11.Which of the following best describes the pattern that electrons produce on a
screen when they pass through a double-slit barrier that exhibits their
wavelike nature?
A. A two-band pattern
B. Interference pattern of dark fringes
C. Interference pattern of bright fringes
D. Interference pattern of bright and dark fringes

12.If electrons do not exhibit a wave-like nature, which of the following best
describes the pattern that they will produce on a screen when they pass
through a double-slit barrier?
A. A shadow B. No pattern
C. Interference pattern D. A two-band pattern

13.In Davisson and Germer's experiment, which of the following best describes
the area where a peak in the intensity of a scattered beam of electrons was
observed?
A. It is an area where destructive diffraction occurs.
B. It is the area where destructive interference occurs.
C. It is the area where constructive diffraction occurs.
D. It is an area where constructive interference occurs

14.Which of the following best describes Rayleigh scattering?

A. It occurs when the particles are much larger than the wavelength of
the light.
B. It occurs when the particles are of the same size as the wavelength of
light being scattered.
C. It occurs when the scattering particles are small compared to the
wavelength of light interacting with it.
D. None of the above

15.Which of the following is the characteristic of the nickel crystal that made
the electrons diffract in Davisson and Germer's experiment?
A. The interatomic spacing of the nickel crystal is of the same size as the
wavelength of the electron.
B. The interatomic spacing of the nickel crystal is greater than the
wavelength of the electron.
C. The interatomic spacing of the nickel crystal is lesser than the
wavelength of the electron.
D. None of the above

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 WAVE PROPERTIES OF LIGHT

Jumpstart

ACTIVITY 1: DEAL OR NO DEAL!

Directions: Write DEAL if the statement is correct. Otherwise, write NO DEAL and
underline the word/words that made the statement false. Write your answer on a
sheet of paper.
1. Electrons have dual nature.
2. Albert Einstein theorized that a particle can also exhibit wave characteristics.
3. The splitting of light into its constituent colors is called dispersion.
4. Rayleigh scattering occurs when particles are the same size as the
wavelength of light being scattered.
5. Interference is a process where two waves meet.
6. The band of colors produced in dispersion is called spectrum.
7. Electrons behave like waves and produce an interference pattern of bright
and dark fringes.
8. Violet has the longest wavelength but least index of refraction.
9. If electrons exhibit only the behavior of a particle, they would produce a
pattern of two bands on a screen passing through a double-slit barrier.
10.Destructive interference occurs when the waves arrive together at a point in
a phase, that is, crest to crest or trough to trough.

ACTIVITY 2: YOU GIVE COLOR TO MY LIFE

Direction: Rainbow formation is a phenomenon associated with dispersion of light.
Draw a rainbow in the box and color it with its correct colors.

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Guide Questions:

1. What color has the longest wavelength but has least index of refraction?
___________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________

2. What color has the shortest wavelength but has the greatest index of
refraction?
___________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

3. An old song goes like this: “At the end of the rainbow, you’ll find a pot of
gold.” Is there an end to a rainbow? Defend your answer.
___________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

Rubric for Scoring the Output

Points Requirements
Provides an insightful and detailed explanation/opinion that
5
includes or extends ideas from the text.
Provides some explanation/opinion that includes ideas from the
4
text for support.
Uses text incorrectly or with limited success that includes an
3
inconsistent or confusing explanation.
Demonstrates minimal understanding of the task and provides a
2
vague reference or no use of the text for support.
Demonstrates no understanding of the task and provides an
1
unclear reference or no use of the text for support.

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 Discover

Experimental Evidences Showing Electrons Can Behave Like Waves

de Broglie Wavelength

In 1924, French physicist Louis de Broglie postulated in his Ph.D.

dissertation that if light with a wave phenomenon acts like a particle, then a
particle may also have a wavelike behavior. He further theorized that the
wavelength of a particle is related to Planck’s constant and inversely proportional to
its momentum. This relationship is represented by the equation known as the de
Broglie wavelength:

λ=h/p

Where λ is the de Broglie wavelength of a particle, h is Planck's constant equal to

6.63×10−34J s, and p is the momentum of the particle.
The Planck’s constant relates the amount of energy that a photon carries to
the frequency of its electromagnetic wave.

The λ or wavelength shows the wave nature of the electron, while p or the
momentum shows its particle nature.

If you compute for the de Broglie wavelength of a 1200 kg vehicle that moves
at 10 m/s, you will get:

Λ = 5.53 x 10⁻³⁸m

This wavelength is too small that it can no longer be observed and cannot be
bent even when it encounters an opening. This is true with other macroscopic
objects. However, for microscopic particles like electrons, their wavelengths are
small but have the same size as the inter-atomic spacing in crystal solids. This
small inter-atomic spacing can cause electrons, which have small wavelengths, to
be bent or diffracted. It is a phenomenon associated with waves that encounter a
barrier or small opening. This was proven experimentally by Davisson and Germer.

Davisson and Germer Experiment

In 1927, American physicists Clinton Davisson and Lester Germer tried to
verify a prediction of classical physics that scattered electrons will appear from all
directions with little dependence on their intensity, scattering angle and energy of
the primary beam.
They expected that because of the small size of the electrons, they would still
be experiencing diffused reflection even if they hit a smooth surface like that of a
crystal.
The diagram below shows a picture of the instrument used in their
experiment.

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 Figure 1. Davisson and Germer Experiment

To prevent other molecules from hitting the electrons, the setup is placed in
a vacuum chamber. They experimented by bombarding a beam of electrons coming
from an electron gun, which is positioned perpendicularly to a single crystal of
nickel. They measured the intensity of the scattered beam after hitting the nickel
crystal using a movable detector, where a galvanometer is attached. A
galvanometer is a device that detects and measures small electric currents.
They found nothing significant in their experiment until their setup was
broken. When air accidentally entered the setup, the nickel was oxidized. To
decrease the oxide in the pure nickel, extreme heat was applied to the nickel and
was used again to continue the experiment. After bombarding the recrystallized
nickel with a beam of electrons, they observed that the intensity of the scattered
beam was at the maximum of 50°. They noted that this peak in the intensity is
where constructive interference occurs. Constructive interference is a process
where two waves meet and add up.
Recrystallizing the nickel made small holes in the crystal which served as a
diffraction grating. A diffraction grating is an optical device made of glass or metal
with a band of equidistant, parallel lines. When a wave encounters a diffraction
grating, it bends or diffracts. In the experiment of Davisson and Germer, the beam
of electrons that passed through several small holes was diffracted. This diffraction
of electrons shows one of the properties of a wave.
Waves that come from different openings or diffraction gratings, which are
the small holes in the recrystallized nickel, meet and form interference patterns.
Interference is a process where two waves meet. Waves can add up or interfere
constructively. They can also interfere destructively when they cancel each other.
If the electrons exhibit only the behavior of a particle, they would produce a
pattern of two bands on a screen after passing through a double-slit. However,
electrons also behave like waves and produce an interference pattern of bright
and dark fringes, as shown in the experiments by Davisson and Germer and other
succeeding experiments using modern setups.
The diagram below shows an electron diffraction tube, an instrument used
in modern setups of the experiments that show the wave nature of electrons.

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 Figure 2. Electron Diffraction Tube Experiment

In this vacuum tube, a narrow beam of electrons is fired by an electron gun.

The electron beam passes through carbon in the form of graphite, which acts as the
diffraction grating. When the electron beam hits the phosphor screen, the screen
glows. The interatomic spacing in the carbon causes the electrons to diffract,
producing ring patterns in the screen.

Wave Properties of Light

1. Dispersion of Light
It was Isaac Newton who first discovered that ordinary white light is a combination
of different light colors. Newton directed the sunlight through a triangular prism
that resulted in sunlight fanning out into a band of colors. The sequencing of colors
is similar to that of the rainbow: red (R) at one end merging gradually to orange (O),
then yellow (Y) to green (G), blue (B), indigo (I), and violet (V). Newton is not
contented with the result that he placed a second prism behind the first but in
reversed position and found that the colors recombined to form white light.

Figure 3. Newton’s Experiment on Dispersion of Light

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 The splitting of white light into its constituent colors is called dispersion. The band
of colors produced is called spectrum. The name ROY G. BIV is an easy mnemonic
for remembering the colors in this spectrum.
But how does a prism disperse white light? The index of refraction of a material
varies with the color of light. Red has the longest wavelength and the least index of
refraction and is, therefore, bent the least. On the contrary, violet is refracted the
most. This is why red is on top while violet is at the bottom of the spectrum.
A rainbow, nature’s spectacular display of dispersion of light, is formed when
sunlight passes through the water droplets suspended in air after a rain shower. It
was Rene Descartes who first gave a detailed explanation of the formation of a
rainbow by mathematically tracing the path of light in a spherical drop of water in
1637.
a. On entering a water droplet at point A, part of the light is refracted. The
droplet of water, acting like a mini prism, also disperses the light. Violet
is deviated the most, red the least.
b. Upon hitting the back surface of the droplets, light is reflected internally,
obeying the laws of reflection.
c. When it exits the water-air interface, the light is refracted again and
dispersed.

Figure 4. Dispersion of a single droplet of water showing the formation of the

primary and the secondary rainbow.

Each droplet disperses all colors of light. However, our eyes can only see one
particular color for each droplet. This depends on the angle between the incident
sunlight and emerging refracted ray. It is 42 0 for red and 400 for violet. All the other
colors lie between these two values. The total effect produced by all the other
droplets is the primary rainbow.
It is also possible for light to be reflected internally two times before coming out of
the water droplet. When this happens, a less bright secondary rainbow is produced.
The angle between the incident light and the emerging light is 50 0 for red and 540
for violet. In the primary rainbow, the outer color is red and the inner color is
violet. For the secondary rainbow, the colors are reversed.

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2. Scattering of Light
Have you ever wondered why the sky is blue, the sunset red-orange, and the
clouds white? All these will be explained by another phenomenon associated with
light-scattering.
Scattering occurs when the particles interact with white light, causing the latter to
be redirected from its original path. There are three types of scattering: Rayleigh,
Mie, and nonselective scattering.

a. Rayleigh Scattering
Named after Lord Rayleigh (John William Strutt), Rayleigh scattering occurs
when the scattering particles are small compared to the wavelength of light
interacting with it. These particles are mostly molecules of atmospheric gases. The
amount of scattering is inversely proportional to the fourth power of the
wavelength. This means that lights of shorter wavelengths are scattered more than
the lights of longer wavelengths.
Rayleigh scattering accounts for the blue skies and red-orange sunrise and
sunset. When sunlight enters the atmosphere, the violet and the blue light are
scattered the most. However, our eyes are more sensitive to blue than violet light
and, thus, the skies appear blue.
At sunrise or sunset, sunlight travels farther through the atmosphere. The
longer distance would mean much of the blue wavelengths or shorter wavelengths
have been scattered, leaving only the longer wavelengths (yellow, orange, and red)
to be scattered. Thus, we have an orange-red sunrise or sunset.

b. Mei Scattering
Mie scattering occurs when the particles are of the same size as wavelength
of light being scattered. Dust, pollen, water vapor, and smoke are common Mie
scattering particles. Mie scattering normally occurs in the lower portion of the
atmosphere.

c. Nonselective Scattering
This type of scattering happens when the particles are much larger than the
wavelength of light. Common particles responsible for nonselective scattering are
water droplets and large dust particles. All wavelengths are scattered almost
equally, causing fog and clouds to appear white.

3. Interference
Perhaps you have noticed the spectrum of colors reflected from a soap bubble,
from an oil slick or gasoline on a wet road, from a compact disc, from silvery scales
of some fishes, from the eye of a peacock feather, and from abalone shells and
capiz. All these colors are produced by interference of light.
Light, just like sound waves, also exhibits the phenomenon of interference and
obeys the principle of superposition. Interference is simply the combination of
waves. The resultant wave is when two or more waves in accordance with the
superposition principle. Light waves may interfere constructively or destructively.
Constructive interference results when the waves arrive together at a point in a
phase that is crest to crest or trough to trough. The result is a reinforced wave of
amplitude equal to the sum of the amplitudes of the two waves. Destructive

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interference results when the waves arrive together at a point 180 0 out of phase
that is a crest to trough. The resultant wave is of a lesser amplitude equal to the
difference of the amplitudes of the individual waves. If constructive and destructive
interference continues occurring at a point, the light sources must be coherent.
Two light sources are said to be coherent if they maintain a constant phase
relation. Lasers are coherent sources of light, while incandescent light bulbs and
fluorescent lamps are incoherent sources.
If two coherent monochromatic lights were allowed to pass through two narrow
openings or slits closed to one another, a series of bright bands alternating with
dark bands will be formed on a screen. The bright bands are the result of
constructive interference, while the dark bands are caused by destructive
interference. The relative position of the dark and bright bands depends on the
wavelength of light used. If white light is used instead, bands of colors will be
formed.

4. Diffraction
Diffraction is the bending of light around an obstacle and subsequent spreading of
light waves into the region behind the obstacle. The obstacle may be a slit, wire,
hole, strands of hair, feathers, strings, or straight edge and the like. These
obstacles illuminated by a beam of monochromatic light from a point source will
cast shadows that are fuzzy at the edges. The shadows, upon scrutiny, are
bordered by alternating light and dark bands. In 1650, a Jesuit priest named
Francesco Grimaldi first reported the diffraction of light by an obstacle. His report
appeared to have been taken for granted because the wave nature of light was not
recognized at that time.
Had Thomas Young removed the double slits and just allowed light to pass
through a single slit, he would have seen a broader central bright band with
alternating dark and bright bands on either side. Such pattern is called a
diffraction pattern. With your two fingers barely touching each other, look
through them and you will also see this diffraction pattern.
The amount of diffraction depends on the width of the slit compared to the
wavelength of light. When the slit is considerably larger than the wavelength, very
little diffraction occurs. The diffraction is substantial when the width of the slit is
comparable to the wavelength of light. A perfect analogy for this is the spreading of
water through an opening. The smaller the opening and the greater the wavelength,
the more the water spreads out.

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 Figure 5. Diffraction of waves through wide and narrow openings

The analysis of a single slit is similar to that of a double slit. Diffraction

involves interference of light coming from different parts of the same slit. Each part
of the slit can be considered as an emitter of waves under Huygens’ principle and
thus, interfere to produce the diffraction pattern.
There are two types of diffraction: Fresnel and Fraunhofer. In Fresnel
diffraction, the source of light and the screen are near the obstacle. Wavefronts
leaving and entering the obstacles are spherical. Fresnel diffraction is also called
near-field diffraction.
Fraunhofer diffraction is also called far-field diffraction. The source of
light and screen is infinitely far from the obstacle. Waves entering and leaving the
obstacles are planar. A convex lens is used to converge these light waves.
In 1821, Joseph Fraunhofer developed the diffraction grating. A diffraction
grating is a piece of glass over which thousands of fine parallel lines equally spaced
and very close to one another have been scratched, usually with a diamond point.
The clear spaces between the scratches are the slits. The scratches are considered
opaque; light does not pass through. The distance from the middle of one slit to the
middle of the next slit is called the grating constant.
When the light passes through a diffraction grating, a central bright fringe
and higher-order bright fringes are formed on a viewing screen in accordance with
the equation analogous to the equation for formation bright fringes for a double slit.
However, the bright fringes formed by a diffraction grating are sharper and
narrower than those from a double slit.

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 Explore

ACTIVITY 3: MATCHING TYPE

Direction: Arrange the jumbled words in COLUMN A and match it in COLUMN B.

Write the letter of the correct answer on the space provided. Write you answer on a
sheet of paper.

COLUMN A COLUMN B

______1. R I N E E C F T N R E E A. band of colors produced by

_________________________ spectrum
______2. R N D F I C O A T F I B. occurs when particles
__________________________ interact with light causing
______3. M P R S U C R E the latter to be redirected
__________________________ from its original path
______4. T E S T G A R N I C C. process where two waves
__________________________ meet
______5. S P D N I E R S I O D. splitting of white light into
__________________________ its constituent colors

E. bending of light around an

obstacle

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ACTIVITY 4: CONCEPTS IN A BOX
Direction: Complete the concept map using the words in the box. Write you answer
on a sheet of paper.

Rainbow formation Rayleigh Diffraction Scattering

Diffraction grating Nonselective Interference

Wave Properties of Light

Dispersion 1. 2. 3.

4. Young’s
Double - Slit
Experiment

Single slit 5.

6. Mie 7.

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 Deepen

PERFORMANCE TASK
Direction: Read and understand the scenarios below then answer the given
questions. Please be guided by the given rubrics below.

1. It took scientist a long time to reconcile the dual nature of light, which led to
the idea of the duality of matter. To further see an evidence of this concept,
try to observe the smoke coming from a barbeque grill. From a distance, you
will see a wave flow of smoke going up.
Guide Questions:
a. Look closely into it, what do you see?
___________________________________________________________________________
b. Does your observation tell something about the dual nature of matter? Why?
Why not?
___________________________________________________________________________
2. Observe the colors on the soap bubbles on the surface of water.

Guide Questions:
a. What do you see?
__________________________________________________________________________
b. What property of light is exhibited?
___________________________________________________________________________

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 Rubric for Scoring the Output
CRITERIA 5 3-4 1-2
CLAIM: Makes an accurate Makes an accurate Does not make a
A statement that and complete but incomplete claim or
responds to the claim. claim. inaccurate claim.
question asked
EVIDENCE: Provides Provides Does not provide
Scientific data appropriate and appropriate but evidence to
used to support sufficient evidence insufficient support the claim.
claim to support the evidence to support
claim. the claim.
REASONING: Provides reasoning Provides reasoning Does not provide
Using scientific that links the that links the reasoning, or only
principle to evidence to the claim and provide reasoning
show support to claim. evidence but not that doesn’t link
the claim sufficient. evidence to the
claim.

Gauge

MULTIPLE CHOICE: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answer on
a sheet of paper.

1. Who among the following theorize that a particle can also exhibit wave
characteristics?
A. Louis de Broglie B. Lester Germer
C. Clinton Davisson D. Albert Einstein

2. What part of the de Broglie wavelength shows the particle nature of a

photon?
A. p or momentum B. λ or wavelength
C. h or Planck’s constant D. c or speed of light

3. Which property of a wave was observed in the behavior of electrons in

Davisson and Germer’s experiment using recrystallized nickel?
A. Diffraction B. Interference C. Polarization D. Reflection

4. Which of the following equations shows both the wave and particle nature of
a photon?
A. E=mc2 B. E=hf C. p=Ec D. λ=hp

5. Which of the following has the longest wavelength but least index of
refraction?
A. Blue B. Orange C. Red D. Violet

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6. What do we call the splitting of white light into its constituent colors?
A. Diffraction B. Dispersion C. Inference D. Scattering

7. Which of the following phenomenon is not associated with the scattering of

light?
A. Blue sky B. White clouds
C. Rainbow formation D. Red-orange sunset

8. Rainbow formation is associated with dispersion. Which of the following is

the correct arrangement of the colors of the rainbow?
A. Orange, yellow, blue, indigo, red, violet, green
B. Red, orange, yellow, blue, green, indigo, violet
C. Red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet
D. Green, orange, red, violet, yellow, blue, indigo

9. Which of the following best describes the pattern that electrons produce on
a screen when they pass through a double-slit barrier that exhibits their
wavelike nature?
A. A two-band pattern
B. Interference pattern of dark fringes
C. Interference pattern of bright fringes
D. Interference pattern of bright and dark fringes

10. If electrons do not exhibit a wave-like nature, which of the following best
describes the pattern that they will produce on a screen when they pass
through a double-slit barrier?
A. A shadow B. No pattern
B. Interference pattern D. A two-band pattern
11. Which of the following best describes Rayleigh scattering?
A. It occurs when the particles are much larger than the wavelength of
light.
B. It occurs when the particles are of the same size as the wavelength of
light being scattered.
C. It occurs when the scattering particles are small compared to the
wavelength of light interacting with it.
D. None of the above
12. Which of the following is the characteristic of the nickel crystal that made
the electrons diffract in Davisson and Germer's experiment?
A. Electrons are not bent when they pass through the nickel crystal.
B. The interatomic spacing of the nickel crystal is of the same size as the
wavelength of the electron.
C. The interatomic spacing of the nickel crystal is greater than the
wavelength of the electron.
D. The interatomic spacing of the nickel crystal is lesser than the
wavelength of the electron.

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13. Which of the following best explains why the experimental setup of Davisson
and Germer should be placed in a vacuum chamber?
A. To prevent the protons from hitting other molecules.
B. To prevent the neutrons from hitting other molecules. C. To prevent
the electrons from hitting other molecules.
D. To prevent the nickel crystal from hitting other molecules.

14. In Davisson and Germer's experiment, which of the following best describes
the area where a peak in the intensity of scattered beam of electrons was
observed?
A. It is the area where destructive diffraction occurs.
B. It is the area where constructive diffraction occurs.
C. It is the area where destructive interference occurs.
D. It is the area where constructive interference occurs.
After recrystallizing the nickel Davisson and Germer used in their experiment, it
was time when they found significant results wherein the electrons produced a
diffraction pattern.

15. Which of the following best explains the observed significant results?
A. Recrystallizing the nickel made large holes that diffracted the
electrons.
B. Recrystallizing the nickel made small holes that diffracted the
electrons.
C. Recrystallizing the nickel made it a stronger target and diffracted the
electrons.
D. Recrystallizing the nickel made it a weaker target and diffracted the
electrons.

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19
 20
GAUGE DEEPEN
1. A 11 .B ACTIVITY 5
2. B 12 .B ( 1. a) Particles
3. A 13 . (C b) Yes, because the smoke
4. D 14 .B exhibits the characteristics
5. C 15 .B of a wave and a particle.
6. B ( 2. a)Spectrum of colors
7. A ( b) Inference
8. C
9. D
10.A
ACTIVITY 2
The correct arrangement of the
colors of a rainbow:
ACTIVITY 4  Red
1. Inference  Orange
2. Diffraction  Yellow
3. Scattering  Green
4. Rainbow formation  Blue
5. Diffraction grating  Indigo
7 6- . Rayleigh, nonselective  Violet
GUIDE QUESTIONS:
1. Red has the longest
wavelength butthe least
ACTIVITY 3
index of refraction.
1. C, Inference
2. Violet has the shortest
2. E, Diffraction
wavelength butthe
3. A, Spectrum
greatest index of refraction.
4. B, Scattering
3. No, because every rainbow
5. D, Dispersion
is a full circle.
ACTIVITY 1
PRE -TEST
1. DEAL
1. D 11. B
2. NO DEAL, Albert Einstein
2. A 12. A
3. DEAL
3. A 13. D
4. NO DEAL, Rayleigh
4. D 14. C
scattering
5. C 15. A
5. DEAL
6. C
6. DEAL
7. B
7. DEAL
8. A
8. DEAL
9. C
9. DEAL
10.B
10.NO DEAL, Constructive
Inference
Answer Key
 For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – SDO La Union

Curriculum Implementation Division
Learning Resource Management Section

21
Flores St. Catbangen, San Fernando City La Union 2500
Telephone: (072) 607 - 8127
Telefax: (072) 205 - 0046
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