University of Bahrain

College of Engineering
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering

EEG200: Circuit Theory II

Computer Experiment No. 1: Balanced Three Phase Circuits
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1. Objectives

1. Use IT technology as a substitute to the real lab experiments.

2. Measure current and voltage, and powers in single phase circuits.
3. Determine the relationship between line voltages and phase voltages for different possible
connections in balanced three phase circuits.
4. Determine the relationship between line currents and phase currents for different possible
connections in balanced three phase circuits.
5. Measure the real power in three phase circuits.

2. Background

1- Referring to the material of chapter 12 of your text book (i.e. “Fundamentals of Electric circuits”
by C. K. Alexander and M. N. O. Sadiku, International Edition , McGraw Hill Company, 2004 ), the
relations between the line and phase voltages and currents for balanced three phase circuits are
summarized in the following table:

Connection Phase voltages Line voltages Phase currents Line currents

Type
Van=Vp∠00 Vab=√3Vp∠+300 Ia=Ip∠θ0 Ia=Ip∠θ0

Vbn=Vp∠-1200 Vbc=√3Vp∠-900 Ib=Ip∠θ-1200 Ib=Ip∠θ-1200

Y Vcn=Vp∠+1200 Vca=√3Vp∠+1500 Ia=Ip∠θ+1200 Ia=Ip∠θ+1200

Vline=√3 Vphase Phase currents = line currents

Van=Vp∠00 Vab= Vp∠00 Iab=Ip∠θ0 Ia=√3Ip∠θ-300

Vbn=Vp∠-1200 Vbc= Vp∠-1200 Ibc=Ip∠θ-1200 Ib=√3Ip∠θ-1500

Δ Vcn=Vp∠+1200 Vca= Vp∠+1200 Ica=Ip∠θ+1200 Ia=√3Ip∠θ+900

Vline=Vphase line currents = √3 Phase currents

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Semester I 2006-2007
 2- The power relations in balanced three phase circuits, whether the three phase circuit is Y or
delta connected, are as follows:

For apparent power:

For real power:

For reactive power:

Where VL : rms value of line voltage
IL : rms value of line current
Cos(θ): power factor,

and θ is the angle between phase voltage and phase current. That is
where θV is the phase angle of he phase voltage and θI is the phase angle of he phase
current.

3- The real power in three phase circuit can be measured by using either three wattmeters, as
shown in figure 1.a, or by using only two wattmeters, as shown in figure 1.b.

3. Material Needed:
PC having the Matlab software.

4. Procedure:
1-Open the MATLAB
2-Click on the Simulink icon
3-Click on the simpower systems toolbox
4-Draw the single phase circuit shown in figure 2. Use the following parameters (Table 1):
Table 1
Voltage source Magnitude Frequency Phase angle
240√2 V 50 Hz 900

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Semester I 2006-2007
 Transmission Resistance Inductance 0.1 mH Capacitance: None
Line 0.025 Ω

a- Using proper meters, what is the rms value of the load current and load voltage for different values
for the load? Put the results in Table 2.

Figure 2
Table 2
Load resistance and Rms Value of
inductance Load Current Load Voltage
(A) (V)
24 ohm, 38.2 mH,
no capacitance
10 ohm, 0 mH,no
capacitance
0 ohm,10 mH,
10 uF
b- The circuit of figure 3 can be used to calculate the real, reactive, and apparent powers in the
load. Try to build such circuit, and based on the displayed results, fill-in Table 3 :

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Semester I 2006-2007
 Figure 3

Table 3
Load resistance and Load Power
inductance Real Power Reactive Power Apparent
(W) (Var) Power (VA)
24 ohm, 38.2 mH,
no capacitance
10 ohm, 0 mH,no
capacitance
0 ohm,10 mH,
10 uF

4- Draw the three-phase circuit of the figure 4 in the Matlab/Simulink. Assign the following values
for:
Voltage source: , , and frequency = 50 Hz
Star load: Resistance= 15 ohm, inductance= 20 mh per phase.

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 Figure 4
Measure the phase and line voltages and write down the displays readings in the following table
(Table 4):

Table 4

Phase Voltages Line Voltages

Van Vbn Vcn Vab Vbc Vca

Based on the previous readings, What is the relation between the phase and line voltages
magnitudes?

5- Remove all voltmeters of figure 4, and use ammeters to measure the line currents and phase
currents. Your figure should look like the one shown in figure 5. Measure the phase, line, and neutral
currents and write down the displays readings in the following table (Table 5):

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 Figure 5
Table 5
Neutral
Phase currents Line currents Current
Ian Ibn Icn Ia Ib Ic In

Based on the previous readings, What is the relation between the phase and line currents
magnitudes?
6- Draw the three-phase circuit of the figure 6 in the Matlab/Simulink. Assign for:
Y-connected Voltage source: , , and
frequency = 50 Hz, Δ-connected load: R= 15 ohm, inductance= 20 mh per phase.

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Semester I 2006-2007
 Figure 6
Measure the phase and line voltages and write down the displays readings in the following table
(Table 6):

Table 6

Phase Voltages Line Voltages

Van Vbn Vcn Vab Vbc Vca

Based on the previous readings, What is the relation between the phase and line voltages
magnitudes?
7- Construct a Simulink diagram of Figure 7. Measure the phase, and line currents and write
down the displays readings in the following table (Table 7):

Figure 7
Table 7

Phase currents Line currents

Ian Ibn Icn Ia Ib Ic

Based on the previous readings, What is the relation between the phase and line currents
magnitudes?
8- The Simulink diagram of Figure 8-a uses three wattmeters to the total power absorbed by the
three phase load. Try to construct such simulink diagram and measure the absorbed power for the
following load per phase. Note the simulink block of the wattmeter is similar to the one shown in
Figure 9. Write down the display reading in the second column of table 8:
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 (a)

(b)
Figure 8

Table 8
Load resistance, inductance, Load Power (W)
and capacitance
When Using Three When Using only Two
Wattmeters Method Wattmeters Method
15 ohm, 30.0 mH, no

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 capacitance
15 ohm, no inductance, no
capacitance
15 ohm, no inductance, 10 uF
capacitance
9- Rather than using three wattmeters, two wattmeters technique can be used as shown in Figure
8-b. Try to construct such simulink diagram and measure the absorbed power for the following load
per phase. Write down the display reading in the third column of table 8. Compare the results
between the second and third columns of table 8.

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Semester I 2006-2007