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DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF AN ANDROID FACE

DETECTION AND RECOGNITION SYSTEM

TABLE OF CONTENT

Cover page

Title page

Approval page

Dedication

Acknowledgment

Table of content

Abstract

CHAPTER ONE

1.0 Introduction

1.1 Background of the research

1.2 Statement of research problem

1.3 Objectives of the study

1.4 Significance of the study

1.5 Scope of the study

1.6 Limitation of the study

1.7 Definition of terms

CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW

2.0 Introduction

2.1 Review of concept

2.2 Review of related work

2.3 Empirical Study

2.4 System Architectural Framework/Structure

2.5 Summary of the review

CHAPTER THREE: SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN

3.1 Introduction

3.5 Problem of the existing system

3.2 Method of data collection

3.3 Data preparation

3.4 Program structure

3.6 Justification for the new system

3.7 System modeling

3.8 System flow chat

3.9 Activity diagram

3.10 Program flow chart

3.11 Database specification and design

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CHAPTER FOUR: SYSTEM TESTING AND

DOCUMENTATION

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Program language justification

4.3 Systems requirement

4.4 Implementation details

4.5 Procedure testing plan

CHAPTER FIVE

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

5.1 Summary

5.2 Conclusion

5.3 Recommendation

Bibliography

Source code
 CHAPTER ONE

1.0 INTRODUCTION

Face recognition system is an application for identifying

someone from image or videos. Face recognition is classified

into three stages ie)Face detection, Feature Extraction, Face

Recognition. Face detection method is a difficult task in image

analysis. Face detection is an application for detecting an

object, analyzing the face, understanding the localization of the

face and face recognition. It is used in many application for

new communication interface, security etc. Face Detection is

employed for detecting faces from an image or from videos.

The main goal of face detection is to detect human faces from

different images or videos. The face detection algorithm

converts the input images from a camera to binary pattern and

therefore the face location candidates using the AdaBoost

Algorithm. The proposed system explains regarding the face

detection based system on AdaBoost Algorithm. AdaBoost

Algorithm selects the best set of Haar features and implements

in cascade to decrease the detection time. The proposed

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System for face detection is intended by using Verilog and

ModelSim and also implemented in FPGA.

Face Detection System is to detect the face from image or

videos. To detect the face from video or image is gigantic. In

face recognition system the face detection is the primary stage.

Face recognition is a pattern recognition technique and one of

the most important biometrics; it is used in a broad spectrum

of applications. The accuracy is not a major problem that

specifies the performance of automatic face recognition system

alone, the time factor is also considered a major factor in real-

time environments. Recent architecture of the computer

system can be employed to solve the time problem, this

architecture represented by multi-core CPUs and many-core

GPUs that provide the possibility to perform various tasks by

parallel processing. However, harnessing the current

advancements in computer architecture is not without

difficulties. Motivated by such a challenge, this research

proposes a Face Detection and Recognition System (FDRS). In

doing so, this research work provides the architectural design,

detailed design, and four variant implementations of the FDRS.

1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE RESEARCH

Face recognition has gained substantial attention over in

past decades due to its increasing demand in security

applications like video surveillance and biometric surveillance.

Modern facilities like hospitals, airports, banks, and many more

other organizations are being equipped with security systems

including face recognition capability. Despite current success,

there is still ongoing research in this field to make facial

recognition system faster and accurate. The accuracy of any

face recognition system strongly depends on the face detection

system. The stronger the face detection system the better the

recognition system would be. A face detection system can

successfully detect a human face from a given image

containing face/faces and from live video involving human

presence. The main methods used in these days for face

detection are feature based and image based. Feature-based

method separates human features like skin color and facial

features whereas image-based method used some face

patterns and processed training images to distinguish between

face and non faces. Feature-based method has been chosen

because it is faster than image-based method and its’

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implementation is far more simplified. Face detection from an

image is achieved through image processing. Locating the

faces from images is not a trivial task; because images not just

contain human faces but also non-face objects in clutter

scenes. Moreover, there are other issues in face recognition

like lighting conditions, face orientations and skin colors. Due

to these reasons, the accuracy of any face recognition system

cannot be 100%.

Face recognition is one of the most important biometrics

methods. Despite the fact that there are more reliable

biometric recognition techniques such as fingerprint and iris

recognition, these techniques are intrusive and their success

depends highly on user cooperation. Therefore, face

recognition seems to be the most universal, non-intrusive, and

accessible system. It is easy to use, can be used efficiently for

mass scanning, which is quite difficult, in case of other

biometrics. Also, it is natural and socially accepted.

Moreover, technologies that require multiple individuals to use

the same equipment to capture their biological characteristics

probably expose the user to the transmission of germs and

impurities from other users. However, face recognition is

completely non-intrusive and does not carry any such health

dangers.

Biometrics is a rapidly developing branch of information

technology. Biometric technologies are automated methods and

means for identification based on biological and behavioral

characteristics of an individual. There are several advantages of

biometric technologies compared to traditional identification

methods. To take adequate measures against increasing

security risks in the modern world, countries are considering

these advantages and are shifting to new generation

identification systems based on biometric technologies.

1.2 STATEMENT OF RESEARCH PROBLEM

Biometric systems are becoming an important element

(gateway) for information security systems. Therefore

biometric systems themselves have to satisfy high-security

requirements. Unfortunately, producers of biometric

technologies do not always consider security precautions. In

publications regarding biometric technologies, drawbacks and

weaknesses of these technologies have been discussed. Since

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biometrics form the technology basis for large scale and very

sensitive identification systems (e.g. passports, identification

cards), the problem of adequate evaluation of the security of

biometric technologies is a current issue.

Also, some other issues with face detection and recognition

system are on individual with identical face like identical twins

and others, in situation like this it is possible for the system to

make mistake or error in processing the person image so as to

grant access to the rightful user.

1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

The objective of this project is to implement a face

recognition system which first detects the faces present in

either single image frames; and then identifies the particular

person by comparing the detected face with image database or

in both image frames.

In addition to the main objective of this research work, the

researcher also went far more to add other features to the new

system which are as fellow.

 1. One of the objectives of this system is to design a system

that will help the organization maintain strong security in

the work environment.

2. Highlight areas of vulnerability in the new system

3. Develop a ridged and secure database for the organization

to enable them secure their sensitive data and records.

1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

This study is primarily aimed at increasing efficiency in

security, this research work will help the users in maintaining

data. This system will reduce the rate of fraudulent activities as

it can as well keep track of registered users and grant them

access upon face recognition completion.

Also, the knowledge that would be obtained from this research

will assist the management to grow; also this research work

will also be of help to the upcoming researcher in this field of

study both with the academic students on their study.

1.5 SCOPE OF THE STUDY

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The scope of this study covers only on face detection and

recognition, accessing previous records and making matched

for the data, updating of records and making delete.

1.6 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

Many limitations encountered, were in the process of

gathering information for the development of this project work

to this extent. It was not an easy one; so many constraints

were encountered during the collection of data.

The limitation focuses on the following constraints;

i. FINANCIAL CONTRAINTS: the cost of sourcing for

information and data that are involved in this work is high in

the sense that we all know that information is money.

ii. TIME: A lot of time was involved in writing and developing

this work,

iii. Irregularities in power supply also dealt harshly with the

researcher.

1.7 DEFINITION OF TERMS

Analysis: Breaking a problem into successively manageable

parts for individual study.

Attribute: A data item that characterizes an object

Data flow: Movement of data in a system from a point of

origin to a specific destination indicated by a line and arrow

Data Security: Protection of data from loss, disclosure,

modification or destruction.

Design: Process of developing the technical and operational

specification of a candidate system for implements.

File: Collection of related records organized for a particular

purpose also called dataset.

Flow Chart: A graphical picture of the logical steps and

sequence involved in a procedure or a program.

Form: A physical carrier of data of information

Implementation: In system development-phase that focuses on

user training, site preparation and file conversion for installing

a candidate system.

Maintenance: Restoring to its original condition

Normalization: A process of replacing a given file with its

logical equivalent the object is to derive simple files with no

redundant elements.
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Operation System: In database – machine based software

that facilitates the availability of information or reports through

the DBMS.

Password: Identity authenticators a key that allows access to

a program system a procedure.

Record: A collection of aggregates or related items of data

treated as a unit.

Source Code: A procedure or format that allows

enhancements on a software package.

System: A regular or orderly arrangements of components or

parts in a connected and interrelated series or whole a group of

components necessary to some operation.

System Design: Detailed concentration on the technical and

other specification that will make the new system operational.

1.8 ORGANIZATION OF THE WORK

The project is organized in five chapters. With introduction

already being explained in chapter 1 and the whole idea of this

research work presentation in chapter one, like objective of the

study, statement of the research area of coverage limitation

and definition of terms all this makes up the chapter one.

Chapter 2; this section deals with the review of study, review

of concept theories upon which this work is built on, the

potential issues in any face recognition system in the form of

difference in the lighting conditions in which the same picture

appears differently and the variations in skin color and pose.

Chapter 3 talks about the software tools used in the project

mainly related to Android and JAVA programming language.

The methodology at which this research work will be

implemented.

In chapter 4 the system is implemented and presented with its

analysis. Functions of the system and the operation of the

system is also, in depth explained for reader understating and

comprehension. The system requirement is also detailed and

the platform at which the system can run on.

Chapter 5 summaries the whole work done and make possible

recommendation and suggest other points to be included into

the work for future propose

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REFERENCE

P. N. Belhumeur, J. P. Hespanha, and D. J. Kriegman,

"Eigenfaces vs. Fisherfaces: Recognition Using Class Specific

Linear Projection", IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and

Machine Intelligence, vol. 19, no. 7, 1997, pp. 711-720.

W. H. Press, S. A. Teukolsky and W. T. Vetterling, Numerical

recipes in C: the art of scientific computing, 2nd ed.,

Cambridge University Press, 1992. ISBN:0-521-43108-5

I. Sajid, M.M. Ahmed, I. Taj, M. Humayun, F. Hameed, "Design

of High Performance FPGA based Face Recognition System",

PIERS 2008 in Cambridge, USA, 2-6 July, 2008.

R. Zhang, h. Chang, " A literature survey of face recognition

and reconstruction technique", Technical report, University of

Texas, December, 2005.

M. Turk, A. Pentland, Eigenfaces for Recognition, Journal of

Cognitive Neuroscience, vol. 3, no. 1. 1991, pp. 71-86.

[CrossRef]

Matsumoto T., Matsumoto H., Yamada K., Hoshino S., Impact

of artificial “gummy” fingers on fingerprint systems, in Optical

Security and Counterfeit Deterrence Techniques IV, vol. 4677

of Proceedings of SPIE, pp. 275–289, San Jose, Calif, USA,

January 2002.