Tunnel Face Stability

Chainage 9+000 [km]

Excavation Diameter D 6.65 [m]

Ground Level 19.228 [m.a.s.l]

Top of Shield 6.65 [m.a.s.l]
Groundwater table (above crown) yes
Groundwater table (above tunnel axis) yes
Groundwater table (above tunnel invert) yes

Ground Water Table 12.578 [m.a.s.l]

Permanent Loads g 10 [kN/m2]

Temporary Loads q 0 [kN/m2]

Global factor of safety (earth pressure) G_FOS_E 1.5 [-]

Global factor of safety (water pressure) G_FOS_W 1.05 [-]
Local factor of safety (earth pressure) L_FOS_E 1.3 [-]
Local factor of safety (water pressure) L_FOS_W 1.05 [-]
Factor of safety (ground heave) FOS_GR 0.9 [-]

Factor of safety (for c and j) 1 [-]

Tolerance value (standard operating mode) 30 [kN/m2]

Tolerance value (pressurised air) 10 [kN/m2]

Geotechnical units (GU) GU GW t g c j l

[m] [kN/m3] [kN/m2] [] [-]
GU_8 CL/CI-1 no 5.00 17.50 0.00 26.00 0.56
GU_7 CL/CI-2 no 2.05 19.00 0.00 27.00 0.55 H
GU_6 CL/CI-2 yes 5.45 19.00 0.00 27.00 0.55
GU_5 CL yes 0.08 20.30 0.00 30.00 0.50
GU_4 CL yes 2.00 20.30 0.00 30.00 0.40
GU_3 CL yes 1.50 20.30 0.00 30.00 0.40 D
GU_2 CL yes 1.50 20.30 0.00 30.00 0.40
GU_1 CL yes 1.65 20.30 0.00 30.00 0.40

Bulk density of support medium (chamber) g_cha 14 [kN/m3]

Vertical stress (GHIJ) due to surface loads s_0 10.00 [kN/m2]

Vertical stress (GHIJ) due to ground loads (dry) s_vd 119.28 [kN/m2]
Vertical stress (CDEF) due to ground loads (immerged) s_vs 53.46 [kN/m2]
Vertical stress (CDEF) s_vs* 182.74 [kN/m2]

Angle of sliding wedge w 25.4 []

Excavation advance e 0 [m]
Effective width B 11.52 [m2]
Prism surface F 36.37 [m2]
Prism perimeter U 29.35 [m]
Additional silo radius coeffcient a 1 [m]
Effective silo radius r 1.24 [m]
Mean cohesion (prism), design value c_pri-d 0 [kN/m2]
Mean cohesion (wedge), design value c_wed-d 0 [kN/m2]
Mean fricción angle (prism), design value j_pri-d 26.62 []
Mean fricción angle (wedge), design value j_wed-d 30.00 []
Lateral pressure coefficient (prism), design value l_pri-d 0.55 [-]
Lateral pressure coefficient (wedge), design value l_wed-d 0.40 [-]
Mean density, dry GU (prism) g_d_pri 17.94 [kN/m3]
Mean density, saturated GU (prism) g_s_pri 9.02 [kN/m3]
Mean density, dry GU (wedge) g_d_wed 0.00 [kN/m3]
Mean density, immerged GU (wedge) g_s_wed 10.30 [kN/m3]
Mean density, GU (wedge) g_d+s_wed 10.30 [kN/m3]
Overburden (above crown) H 12.58 [m]
Water column (above crown) H_w 5.93 [m]
Water column, tunnel section (above invert) t 6.65 [m]
Total water column (above tunnel axis) D/2+H_w 9.25 [m]

Vertical load (ABCDEF) G_wed 719.14 [kN]

Vertical load (CDEF) P_v 3837.17 [kN]
Horizontal load (ABEF) W_v 4091.91 [kN]
Horizontal load (ABCD) E 2405.15 [kN]
Perpendicular load (ABEF) N 4127.01 [kN]
Resistance load (ADE+BCF) T_f 701.49 [kN]
Resistance load (ABEF) T_s 2382.73 [kN]
Support load (ABCD) S 6497.05 [kN]

Design Load (Earth Pressure) E_d 3607.72 [kN]

Design Load (Water Pressure) W_d 4296.50 [kN]
Design Load (Rectangular Support Pressure) S_d 7904.22 [kN]
Design Load (Circular Support Pressure) S*_d 6207.96 [kN]
 Global Stability Check
Min Support Pressure (crown) p_min 132.19 [kN/m2]
Min Support Pressure (crown) p_min 1.40 [bar]
Opt. Min Support Pressure (crown) p_min_o 162.19 [kN/m2]
Opt. Min Support Pressure (crown) p_min_o 1.70 [bar]
Min Support Pressure (centre) p_min 178.74 [kN/m2]
Min Support Pressure (centre) p_min 1.80 [bar]
Opt. Min Support Pressure (centre) p_min_o 208.74 [kN/m2]
Opt. Min Support Pressure (centre) p_min_o 2.10 [bar]
Max support pressure (invert) p_max 225.29 [kN/m2]
Max support pressure (invert) p_max 2.30 [bar]
Opt. Max Support Pressure (invert) p_max_o 255.29 [kN/m2]
Opt. Max Support Pressure (invert) p_max_o 2.60 [bar]

Local Stability Check

Active earth pressure coefficient K_agh 0.33 [-]
Active earth pressure coefficient K_ach -1.15 [-]
Ratio H/D 1.89 [-]
Spatial shape parameter m_agh 1.00 [-]
Spatial shape parameter m_ach 1.00 [-]
Spatial horizontal earth pressure E_agh 60.91 [kN/m2]
Min. support pressure (crown) p_min 141.43 [kN/m2]
Min. support pressure (crown) p_min 1.50 [bar]
Opt. min. support pressure (crown) p_min_o 171.43 [kN/m2]
Opt. min. support pressure (crown) p_min_o 1.80 [bar]
Max. support pressure (invert) p_max 97.16 [kN/m2]
Max. support pressure (invert) p_max 1.00 [bar]
Opt. max. support pressure (invert) p_max_o 127.16 [kN/m2]
Opt. max. support pressure (invert) p_max_o 1.30 [bar]

Relevant min. support pressure (crown) p_min 141.43 [kN/m2] p_min_o 1.80 [bar]
Relevant min. support pressure (crown) p_min 1.50 [bar]
Relevant opt. min. support pressure (crown) p_min_o 171.43 [kN/m2]
Relevant opt. min. support pressure (crown) p_min_o 1.80 [bar]
Relevant min. support pressure (centre) p_min 187.98 [kN/m2]
Relevant min. support pressure (centre) p_min 1.90 [bar]
Relevant opt. min. support pressure (centre) p_min_o 217.98 [kN/m2] p_min_o 2.20 [bar]
Relevant opt. min. support pressure (centre) p_min_o 2.20 [bar]
Relevant max. support pressure (invert) p_max 234.53 [kN/m2]
Relevant max. support pressure (invert) p_max 2.40 [bar]
Relevant opt. max. support pressure (invert) p_max_o 264.53 [kN/m2]
Relevant opt. max. support pressure (invert) p_max_o 2.70 [bar] p_max_o 2.70 [bar]

Safety against ground heave

Vertical permanent load g 10.00 [kN/m2]
Vertical ground load (above crown) g_gr 176.30 [kN/m2]
Vertical water pressure (above crown) g_w 59.28 [kN/m2]
Max. vertical load (above crown) g_max 245.58 [kN/m2]
Opt. min. support pressure (crown) p_min_o 171.43 [kN/m2]
Opt. min. support pressure "+" tolerance (crown) p*_min_o 201.43 [kN/m2]
Factor of safety against ground heave FOS_gh 1.10 [-]

Global stability check for drawdown

Drawdown earth paste in chamber 50.00 [%]
Min. support pressure (crown) p_min 168.86 [kN/m2]
Min. support pressure (crown) p_min 1.70 [bar]
Opt. min. support pressure (crown) p_min_o 178.86 [kN/m2]
Opt. min. support pressure (crown) p_min_o 1.80 [bar]
Max. support pressure (invert) p_max 215.41 [kN/m2]
Max. support pressure (invert) p_max 2.20 [bar]
Opt. max. support pressure (invert) p_max_o 225.41 [kN/m2]
Opt. max. support pressure (invert) p_max_o 2.30 [bar]

Local stability check (horizontal pressure)

Min. support pressure (crown) p_min 141.43 [kN/m2]
Min. support pressure (crown) p_min 1.50 [bar]
Opt. min. support pressure (crown) p_min_o 151.43 [kN/m2]
Opt. min. support pressure (crown) p_min_o 1.60 [bar]
Max. support pressure (invert) p_max 97.16 [kN/m2]
Max. support pressure (invert) p_max 1.00 [bar]
Opt. max. support pressure (invert) p_max_o 107.16 [kN/m2]
Opt. max. support pressure (invert) p_max_o 1.10 [bar]

Relevant min. support pressure (crown) p_min 168.86 [kN/m2] p_min_o 1.80 [bar]
Relevant min. support pressure (crown) p_min 1.70 [bar]
Relevant opt. min. support pressure (crown) p_min_o 178.86 [kN/m2]
Relevant opt. min. support pressure (crown) p_min_o 1.80 [bar]
Relevant max. support pressure (invert) p_max 215.41 [kN/m2]
Relevant max. support pressure (invert) p_max 2.20 [bar]
Relevant opt. max. support pressure (invert) p_max_o 225.41 [kN/m2]
Relevant opt. max. support pressure (invert) p_max_o 2.30 [bar] p_max_o 2.30 [bar]

Safety against blowout

Vertical permanent load g 10.00 [kN/m2]
Vertical ground load (above crown) g_gr 176.30 [kN/m2]
Vertical water pressure (above crown) g_w g_w 59.28 [kN/m2]
Max. vertical load (above crown) g_max g_max 245.58 [kN/m2]
Opt. min. support pressure (crown) p_min_o 178.86 [kN/m2]
Opt. min. support pressure "+" tolerance (crown) p*_min_o 188.86 [kN/m2]
Factor of safety against blowout FOS_bl 1.17 [-]