The APA Style- Referencing

The need for a consistent style is important in presenting a research report.

Without rules of style, variations may distract or confuse the reader.
The APA style is discussed in the 5th edition of the Publication Manual of American
Psychological Association (APA) which is a large reference book that contains hundreds
of guidelines on how to format references, tables, including punctuations and grammar.
An author writing for a publication must follow the rules established by the publisher to
avoid inconsistencies among journal articles or book chapters.

How To List References in APA Style

APA style uses a list of References instead of Bibliography. The requirements
of a reference list are that all references cited in the text of a paper must be listed
alphabetically, first author’s last name in the list of References and that all references
listed must be cited within the text. in general, the list of References is double-spaced.
The reference list should appear at the end of the research report.

Books

-Basic Entry

The entry for a book begins with the last name of the author, followed by a
comma and the author’s initials followed by periods. The date of publication follows
in the parentheses, followed by a period. Only the first word of the book title, the
first word of the subtitle, and proper names within both are capitalized. The entire
title is underlined and followed by a period. Facts of publication include the city of
publication. The name of the location is followed by a colon and the name of the
publisher. The entry ends with a period.

Example
Hermosa, N. (2002). The Psychology of Reading; Quezon City, Philippines:
UP Open University

-Books by More than One Author

For a book by more than one author, invert and list the names of all the authors.
regardless of number. Use commas to separate surnames and initials. Place an
ampersand (&) before the name of the last author.
For a book with more than six authors, list the first six only followed by et al., an
abbreviation for “and others.”

Example
Corpuz,B., Lucido P. (2008). Educational Technology, Lorimar Publishing Co.,
Inc. Philippines

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 - Edition other than First

Identify an edition other than the first or a specific volume with parentheses
following the title without any intervening punctuation.

Example
Corpuz, BB. (2013). Principles of Teaching (3rd ed.). Lorimar Publishing Co.,
lnc. Philippines

Periodicals

The basic entry for an article in a periodical begins with the last names and
initials of all authors, inverted. The year of publication follows in parentheses; for
magazine and newspaper articles, give the month and day (if any). Next comes the
title of the article, not enclosed in quotation marks; the inclusive page numbers. A
period follows the author entry and the title of numbers are separated by commas.

-Journal Paginated by Issue

If each issue of a journal begins with page 1, give the issue number in
parentheses after the volume number.

Example
Naval, V. Putting Acts Together in Action Research. The PLT Journal, 2 (1)
17—20

-Magazine Article

The entry for citing a magazine article includes the author, (year and month of
publication), article title. magazine title, volume (issue), page

Example
Corpuz, B.B. (2016, Jan-June). P21's Framework for 21st Century Learning.
The Professional Teacher. Volume 7 No. 1 pp. 4

-Monograph

In an entry for a monograph, identify the nature of the material within brackets
and give the volume number of the issue.
Place additional identifying numerals, such as issue and serial (or whole)
numbers in parentheses after the volume number.
Naval, V. (2005). A Centenary Journey to Curriculum Development.
[Monograph]. Polytechnic University of the Philippines
Commonly Used Rules And Reference Of APA
- Parenthetical Reference Citations in Text
When you do not mention the author’s name in your text, that name followed

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 by a comma and the date of publication, appears in parentheses at the end of your
sentence. Use the last name only in both first and subsequent citations, except
when you have more than one author with the same last name.

Example
The Philippines is the only country with a 10-year cycle according to UNESCO
(Quismundo, 2010)

- Author Cited in the Text

lf you mention the author’s name in your text, cite only the date of the
publication in parentheses, immediately after the author’s name.

Example
Quismundo (2010) stated that the Philippines is the only country with a 10-
year cycle according to UNESCO.

-Author and Date Cited in Text

If you use both the name of the author and the date in the text, parenthetical
reference is not necessary.

Example
In a 2012 article, Velasco presented President Benigno S. Aquino
announcement about the K-12 program.

- Quotation with Name of Author

When your sentence contains a quotation and includes the name of the author;
place the publication date and page number in parentheses. Abbreviate page or
pages (p. or pp.). The publication date should follow the name of author; the page
number should follow the name of author; the page number should follow the end of
the quotation.

Example
Velasco (2012) said that “because other countries see our 10-year program
as incomplete, which then, causes Filipino graduates not 'to be considered
as professionals abroad"(p. 30)”

-Work by Two Authors

When you refer to a work by two authors, cite both names each time the
reference appears.

Example
Galiher (2006) and Darling (2005) used Grade Point Average (GPA) to
measure student performance.
Grade Point Average (GPA was found to be correlated to student performance

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 (Galiher, 2006; Darling, 2005)

-Work by Two Through Five Authors

For a work by more than two authors but fewer than six authors, cite all names
in the first reference. in subsequent references, cite only the name of the first
authors and use at. al.

Example
Owens, Mayman, lmel, Mahmood and Tabassum (2004) evaluated the
“Effects of Teacher-Facilitated Math Softwares Method for Average and
Low Achievers ”
The “Effects of Teacher-Facilitated Math Softwares Method for Average and
Low Achievers” (Tabassum, 2004) indicated similar effects on the two
groups of respondents

- Reference to More than One Work'

List two or more works by the same author in order of date of publication:
(Carey, 2005, 2012)
Differentiate works by the same author and with the same publication date by
adding an identifying letter to each date: (Prieto, 2010a, 2010b). the letter also
appear in the reference list, where the works are alphabetized by title.
List works by different authors in alphabetical order by last name, and use
semicolons to separate the references: (Carey, 2002; Naval, 2007; Prieto, 2010).

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