Significant level – Confident level

• 1%=0.01 - 99%
• 5%=0.05 - 95%
• 10%=0.10 - 90%
• P-value <= significant level : Accept H1.
• P-value > significant level : Reject H1.

Chi-square (to test relationship between qualitative variables)

• H0: There is no association between gender and occupation of customers in City Express.
• H1: There is an association between gender and occupation of customers in City Express.
• Sig: p-value= 0.340 > significant level (0.01): Reject H1

Therefore, there is no association between gender and occupation of customers in City

• H2: There is an association between gender and income level of customers in City
Express.
• Sig: p-value= 0.703 > significant level (0.01): Reject H2

Therefore, there is no association between gender and income level of customers in City

• H3: There is an association between gender and customer loyalty of customers in City
Express.
• Sig: p-value= > significant level (0.01): Reject H2

Therefore, there is ------- association between gender and customer loyalty of customers in City
• H4: There is an association between gender and loyalty of customers in City Express.
• Sig: p-value= 0.000 < significant level (0.01): Accept H4

Therefore, there is an association between gender and loyalty of customers in City Express at 1%
of significant level.
t-test
Ho: is equal to
H1: is unequal to : grater than or less than
One sample t-test

Ho: Perception of customer toward product have standard value “4”.

Perception of customer toward product is equal to standard value “4”.
H1. Perception of customer toward product do have standard value “4”.
Perception of customer toward product is not equal to standard value “4”.

One-Sample Test

Test Value = 4

95% Confidence Interval of the

Sig. (2-tailed) Difference

t df P-value Mean Difference Lower Upper

Product 1.061 99 .291> 0.05 .060 -.05 .17

• P-value <= significant level : Accept H1.
• P-value > significant level : Reject H1.

• Sig: p-value= 0.291 > significant level (0.01): Reject H1

Therefore, Perception of customer toward product is equal to standard value “4” (p-value> 0.01).
Ho: Perception of customer toward product have standard value “3”.
Perception of customer toward product is equal to standard value “3”.
H1. Perception of customer toward product do have standard value “3”.
Perception of customer toward product is not equal to standard value “3”.

One-Sample Test

Test Value = 3

95% Confidence Interval of the

Sig. (2-tailed) Difference

t df P-value Mean Difference Lower Upper

Product 18.750 99 .000 1.060 .95 1.17

• Sig: p-value= 0.000 < significant level (0.01): Accept H1

t value = +18.750 or Mean Difference = +1.060
Therefore, Perception of customer toward product is greater than standard value “3” at 1% significant
level. Product of City Express seems acceptable level in the perception of customers.

Ho: Perception of customer toward price have standard value “3”. µ 0 = 3

Perception of customer toward price is equal to standard value “3”.
H1. Perception of customer toward price do have standard value “3”. µ # 3
Perception of customer toward price is not equal to standard value “3”.
Independent Sample t test or Two sample t test

Ho: variance male = variance female

Ho: µmale = µfemale
H1: variance male ≠ variance female
H1: µmale ≠ µfemale

Levene's Test for Equality of Variances:

p-valuce, 0.081> significant level 0.01 : Reject H1. (Equal variance assumed.)

Levene's Test for Equality of Mean

p-valuce, 0.035> significant level 0.01 : Reject H1.
µmale = µfemale

Levene's Test for Equality of Mean

p-valuce, 0.035<significant level 0.05 : Accept H1.
µmale ≠ µfemale 5-10=15

t= -2.138
µmale < µfemale
Based on work-life balance SPSS data file, you solve the below hypotheses at 5% of significant level.
a. Female workers more received flexible working hours than male workers.
b. Male workers are less provided leave benefits than female workers.
c. Management Team more support helps to female workers rather than males.
d. Satisfaction level of respondents is equal to 3.5.