Prof. Adel M.

Salem
Faculty of Engineering and Technology
Department of Petroleum Engineering

Natural Gas Eng. Assignment Fall 2022

PE 401 No. 2 Oct. 12, 2022

PART ONE: answer all the following

1. Define each of the following:
a. Proved gas reserves
b. Gas specific gravity (g)
c. Gas formation volume factor (Bg)
d. Z factor “gas deviation factor”
e. Standard conditions
f. Pseudo-reduced pressure, Ppr
g. Pseudo-reduced temperature, Tpr
2. Write down the main characteristics of ideal gas.
3. What are the different types of natural gas resources?

Part TWO: T/F

1. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a colorless gas and an extremely unpleasant odor.
2. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a colorless gas and an extremely pleasant odor.
3. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a colorless gas and rotten eggs odor.
4. Gas formation volume factor always remains constant with reservoir pressure.
5. Universal gas constant (R) is a dimensionless quantity.
6. Volume formation factor of gas is equal that of oil.
7. Viscosity is not used in Darcy’s law.
8. Natural gas price is greater than that of the equivalent oil volume.
9. Natural gas is a subcategory of petroleum that is a naturally occurring, complex
mixture of hydrocarbons, with a minor amount of inorganic compounds.
10. Gas viscosity is a measure of the resistance to flow exerted by the oil.

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Part THREE: MCQ _ Choose the best answer(s)
1. Reservoir fluids are found in …………….. state as natural gas.
a. Gaseous
b. Liquid
c. Solid
d. None above
2. Hydrocarbons are molecules consisting of
a. carbon and hydrogen atoms
b. Oxygen and nitrogen atoms
c. Sulphur and carbon atoms
d. None above
3. Pentane has …… isomers
a. three
b. two
c. four
d. five
4. Butane has …… isomers
a. three
b. two
c. four
d. five
5. The natural gas and crude systems that contain sulfur compounds are called
a. sour
b. sweet
c. black
d. compositional
6. The natural gas and crude systems that is not contain sulfur compounds are
referred to as
a. sour
b. sweet
c. black
d. compositional
7. Viscosity of oil usually has units of
a. Darcy

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 b. Millidarcy
c. centipoise.
d. Psi
8. There are no attractive or repulsive forces between the molecules or between the
molecules and the walls of the container, in
a. Ideal gas
b. Real gas
c. Natural gas
d. Crude oil
9. All collisions of molecules are perfectly elastic for
a. Real gas
b. Natural gas
c. Crude oil
d. Ideal gas
10. For natural gas, as the reservoir pressure increases the volume
a. Increases
b. Decreases
c. Remain constant
d. All above
11. Z-factor unit is
a. Darcy
b. Millidarcy
c. dimensionless
d. Psi
12. Z-factor is the ratio of
a. Actual volume to ideal volume
b. ideal volume to actual volume
c. critical volume to ideal volume
d. none above
13. Z-factor is varying with
a. Pressure
b. Temperature
c. Pressure and temperature
d. None above

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14. Z-factor is ……… with the pressure in a low range of pressure
a. Increasing
b. Decreasing
c. Remaining constant
d. All above
15. Z-factor is ……… with the pressure in a high range of pressure
a. Increasing
b. Decreasing
c. Remaining constant
d. All above
16. At constant temperature, natural gas viscosity is ………….. with pressure
a. Increasing
b. Decreasing
c. Remaining constant
d. All above
17. At constant low pressure ranges, natural gas viscosity is …………..with
temperature.
a. Increasing
b. Decreasing
c. Remaining constant
d. All above
18. At constant high pressure ranges, natural gas viscosity is …………..with
temperature.
a. Increasing
b. Decreasing
c. Remaining constant
d. All above
19. Hydrogen sulfide is highly
a. Poisonous
b. Toxic
c. Corrosive in water existence
d. All above
20. Pseudo critical pressure is used to describe
a. single component gas pressure

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 b. single component liquid oil pressure
c. gas mixture pressure
d. all above
21. Pseudo reduce pressure is used to describe
a. single component gas pressure
b. single component liquid oil pressure
c. gas mixture pressure
d. all above
22. Critical pressure is used to describe
a. single component gas pressure
b. single component liquid oil pressure
c. gas mixture pressure
d. all above
23. Reduce pressure is used to describe
a. single component gas pressure
b. single component liquid oil pressure
c. gas mixture pressure
d. all above
24. Gas formation volume factor is direct proportional relationship with
a. T*Z
b. T*P
c. T*M
d. P
25. Gas formation volume factor is inversely proportional relationship with
a. T*Z
b. T*P
c. T*M
d. P

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Part FOUE: Solve the following problem
1. Calculate the partial pressure exerted by methane in the following gas when the gas
is at a pressure of 750 psia. Assume that the gas is a mixture of ideal gases.
Component Mole fraction, yi
C1 0.85
C2 0.10
C3 0.02
nC4 0.03
2. Dry air is a gas mixture consisting essentially of nitrogen, oxygen, and small
amounts of other gases. Compute the apparent molecular weight of air given its
approximate composition.
Component Mole fraction, yi
Nitrogen 0.78
Oxygen 0.21
Argon 0.01
3. A 0.65 specific gravity natural gas contains 10% nitrogen, 8% carbon dioxide, and
2% hydrogen sulfide. Estimate viscosity of the gas at 10,000 psia and 180 °F.
then, estimate z-factor at 5,000 psia and 180 °F.

4. For a natural gas with a specific gravity of 0.71, estimate z-factor at 5,000 psia and
180 °F.
5. Calculate the specific gravity of a gas of the following composition.
Component Mole fraction, yi
C1 0.85
C2 0.09
C3 0.04
nC4 0.02
Then if the system P = 1500 psia, and T = 180 F, calculate:
1. Pseudo critical pressure, Ppc
2. Pseudo critical temperature, Tpc
3. Pseudo-reduced pressure, Ppr
4. Pseudo-reduced temperature, Tpr
5. Z-Factor

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6. Calculate the mass of methane gas contained at 2000 psia and 80°F in a cylinder
with volume of 4.20 cu. ft. Do not assume that methane is an ideal gas.
7. Calculate a value of the formation volume factor of a dry gas with a specific gravity
of 0.818 at reservoir temperature of 220°F and reservoir pressure of 2100 psig.
8. A. Use the real gas law PV=ZnRT to find a general expression for gas formation
volume factor Bg. Use subscripts “s” and “r” to denote surface conditions and
reservoir conditions, respectively.
9. A. Suppose the gas compressibility factor of a gas in a reservoir is 0.9 at a
temperature of 160°F and pressure of 3500 psia. Calculate gas formation volume
factor at reservoir conditions assuming standard pressure is 14.7 psia and standard
temperature is 60°F.

All best wishes

Prof. Adel Salem

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