Advanced

Advanced Set 1
Target Vocabulary:
Bu bölümde öğrenmenizi hedeflediğimiz ‘’hedef kelimeler’’.
sequence: the order that something happens or exists in, or the order it is supposed to happen or
exist in
 dizi, sıra, art arda

 He’s had a sequence of business failures.
 The first chapter describes the strange sequence of events that led to his death.
 The photographs are shown in chronological sequence.
genuine: a genuine feeling, desire etc. is one that you really feel, not one you pretend to feel
 içten, gerçek
 I'm not sure if her sympathy was really genuine.
 He has demonstrated a genuine interest in the project.
 He's a very genuine person.
2. something genuine really is what it seems to be
 gerçek, hakiki
 These shoes are genuine leather.
 Experts believe that the painting is genuine.
dumb: permanently or temporarily unable to speak
 dilsiz, dili tutulmuş, dilini yutmuş

 He's been deaf and dumb since birth.
 She was struck dumb by what she had seen.
2. stupid
 aptal, aptalca, kalın kafalı

 Are they brave or just dumb?
 That's a dumb idea.
 Don’t say anything – just act/play dumb.
distract: to take someone’s attention away from something by making them look at or listen to
something else
 dikkatini dağıtmak
 Try not to distract the other students.
English Vocabulary Building by Serdar Hoca.

 Sorry, what were you saying? Something outside the window distracted me.
abduct: to take someone away by force
 kaçırmak
 The diplomat was abducted on his way to the airport.
 I felt like I was abducted by aliens or something.
acceleration: the rate at which something moves more quickly or happens faster or sooner
 hızlanma
 The car has good acceleration.
 The sharp acceleration of inflation is hitting consumers hard.
barrister: a lawyer in Britain who can argue cases in the higher law courts
 dava vekili; avukat - en yüksek mahkemelerde dava görebilen avukat

 They chose a famous barrister to represent them in court.
coherence: the situation when the parts of something fit together in a natural or reasonable way
 ahenk, tutarlılık
 There was no coherence between the first and the second half of the movie.
contradict: to disagree with something, especially by saying that the opposite is true.
 tersini söylemek, çelişmek, aksini iddia etmek

 Dad just can’t bear to be contradicted.
 Recent experiments seem to contradict earlier results.
 Recent evidence has contradicted established theories on this subject.
A) Exercise: Öğren!
Fill in the blanks with the target words!
sequence genuine dumb distract

abduct acceleration barrister
coherence contradict
1. Star wars movie series are more satisfying if you watch them in correct
___________________. I mean the oldest one shouldn’t be watched as the first one.
2. The company director was _______________________ from his car by terrorists.

3. If it is a _______________________ Michelangelo drawing, it will sell for millions.
4. She told him Jeff was just a friend, and he was ________________________ enough to
believe her. The truth is she was dating both of them.
5. The two newspaper reports totally ____________________ each other. Which story should
we believe?
6. The ______________________ represented to the court that the defendant was mentally
unstable.
7. The Quattro A5 offers excellent braking and _____________________ after warming up.
8. The supporters of the team witnessed an embarrassing _____________________ of six
defeats.
9. He knew they were trying to tell him something in the sign language used by the deaf and
______________________.
10. There is no __________________ between what you are telling me and what she told me.
One of you must be lying, don’t worry I will find out soon!
11. She says she loves her boyfriend very much but I am not that sure that her feelings are
___________________, because I saw her with other boys as well.
12. Don’t __________________ your brother; he is studying for the math exam.
13. This jacket is _____________________ leather but it’s too expensive. I don’t think I can
afford it.
14. She's always asking such _____________________ questions. Everyone makes fun of her
because of that.
15. No economist foresees a sharp ____________________ on the growth of the economy.
16. The teacher had to separate the two friends because they tend to ____________________
each other in class.
17. If you're both going to lie, at least stick to the same story and don't _____________________
each other!

B) Match the Words! Pekiştir!
sequence genuine dumb distract
abduct acceleration barrister
coherence contradict
1) ___________________: the rate at which something moves more quickly or happens faster
or sooner
2) ___________________: permanently or temporarily unable to speak
3) ___________________: a genuine feeling, desire etc. is one that you really feel, not one you
pretend to feel
4) ___________________: to take someone’s attention away from something by making them
look at or listen to something else
5) ___________________: the situation when the parts of something fit together in a natural or
reasonable way
6) ___________________: to take someone away by force
7) ___________________: to disagree with something, especially by saying that the opposite is
true.
8) ___________________: something genuine really is what it seems to be
9) ___________________: a lawyer in Britain who can argue cases in the higher law courts
10) ___________________: stupid
11) ___________________: the order that something happens or exists in, or the order it is
supposed to happen or exist in
C) Write a sentence of your own for each of the words you’ve just learned! ++ Write
Turkish meanings of the words. – Uzmanlaş!
- Öğrendiğiniz kelimelerin Türkçe karşılıklarını hiçbir yere bakmadan yazın, daha sonra bu
kelimelerle en az 1 tane örnek cümle yazın. (Verilen her anlam için bir örnek)
dumb: ____________________________________________________________________________.
coherence: ________________________________________________________________________.
distract: ___________________________________________________________________________.
barrister: __________________________________________________________________________.

contradict: ________________________________________________________________________.
abduct: ___________________________________________________________________________.
genuine: __________________________________________________________________________.
acceleration: _______________________________________________________________________.
sequence: _________________________________________________________________________.
CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: sequence, abducted, genuine, dumb, contradict, barrister, acceleration, sequence, dumb,

coherence, genuine, distract, genuine, dumb, acceleration, distract, contradict
B: acceleration, dumb, genuine, distract, coherence, abduct, contradict, genuine, barrister, dumb,
sequence
C: Kendi cümleleriniz + kelimelerin anlamlarını en üstten kontrol edebilirsiniz.

Ex-Liverpool Player Stephen Darby deals with a serious disease
Former Liverpool footballer Stephen Darby
has spoken out one year on from being
diagnosed with motor neurone disease
about how it is affecting his wife and fellow
footballer Steph Houghton. Darby, 31, was
told he had the incurable neurological
condition just months after getting married
to England women's captain Steph
Houghton in 2018.
The ex-Bradford City and Bolton Wanderers

star says the 'brutal disease' and its 'terrible
prognosis' of two to five years is having a
devastating effect on his family. He told the BBC: 'It doesn't just affect me. It affects my wife, my
mum and dad, my brother, family, friends. It affects everyone.
Describing his symptoms on the charity's website he writes: Over the course of the last 2 and a half
years, symptoms have been progressing slowly.
'I have weakness in both hands and twitching in my arms, legs, chest and tongue.' He added:
'Starting the foundation was a way of turning something so devastating into something positive.
What is Motor Neurone Disease?
The NHS describes motor neurone disease (MND) as: 'An uncommon condition that affects the brain
and nerves. It causes weakness that gets worse over time.' The weakness is caused by the
deterioration of motor neurons, upper motor neurons that travel from the brain down the spinal
cord, and lower motor neurons that spread out to the face, throat and limbs.
Target words:
- Bu bölümde öğrenmenizi hedeflediğimiz ‘’hedef kelimeler’’.
speak out: to publicly speak, to express thoughts or feelings.
⇒ dile getirmek, düşüncelerini söylemek
diagnose: to recognize and name the exact character of a disease or a problem, by examining it
⇒ teşhis etmek
disease: illness of people, animals, plants, etc
⇒ hastalık
incurable: not able to be cured

⇒ tedavi edilemez (dermansız)
neurological: relating to nerves
⇒ sinirsel
brutal: cruel, violent, and completely without feelings
⇒ vahşi, acımasız
prognosis: a doctor's judgment of the likely or expected development of a disease or of the chances
of getting better
⇒ hastalığın seyri için öngörü
symptom: any feeling of illness or physical or mental change that is caused by a particular disease
⇒ belirti
twitching: making a movement with a part of body, usually not intending to.
⇒ seğirme, kas seğirmesi
foundation: an organization that gives or collects money to be used for special purposes, especially
for charity or for medical research
⇒ yardım kuruluşu
devastating: making someone feel extremely sad or shocked
⇒ yıkıcı, şok edici
nerves: parts inside your body which look like threads and carry messages between the brain and
other parts of the body
⇒ sinirler
get worse: get + comparative = a situation, disease, problem becoming worse than usual
⇒ kötüye gitmek
deterioration: (formal) getting worse
⇒ bozulma, kötüye gitme

Sizin Bilmediğiniz Kelimeler:
--Metin üzerinde hedef kelimeler haricinde bilmediğiniz kelimeleri ve anlamlarını sözlüklerden
bularak buraya yazınız. – (Türkçeleri yeterlidir)
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
speak out diagnose disease

incurable neurological brutal
prognosis symptom twitching
foundation devastating nerve
get worse deterioration
1. Alzheimer's disease is a _________________ disorder, which means it’s about the nerves we have.
2. He was imprisoned in 1945 for the _____________ murder of a twelve-year-old girl. How can ‘’a
person’’ do that?
3. He's complaining of all the usual flu ___________________ - a high temperature, headache, and
so on.
4. Hearing the news that his father died was __________________ for her.
5. ‘’Kızılay’’ is an official __________________ which has been helping the people in need.
6. Cancer is not ___________________, there is just no particular cure for different types of it. Some
people get better after receiving treatment.
7. The doctor’s ______________ is that you will have a full recovery in 3 weeks. See? There is nothing
to be worried about.
8. There were a lot of rumors about the coach of the team, but he finally ________________ to the
press and said that he was going to continue doing his job.
9. I am sorry to say that but your patient’s situation is ______________ day by day. You should be
ready to hear the bad news soon.
10. Most immediately, these developments has made a new and serious _____________ in the U.S.–
Turkish alliance.
11. A: Why are you shaking your hands? B: I am not doing it on purpose, it’s ________________.
12. I injured a _________________ in my foot playing volleyball. Doctors say that I need surgery to
repair it.
13. Has hasn’t been able to sleep properly lately, he went to a hospital and he was ______________
with Insomnia.
14. Thousands of people in this area are dying from hunger and _________________.

speak out diagnose disease
incurable neurological brutal
prognosis symptom twitching
foundation devastating nerve
get worse deterioration
1) __________________: an organization that gives or collects money to be used for special

purposes, especially for charity or for medical research
2) __________________: parts inside your body which look like threads and carry messages
between the brain and other parts of the body
3) __________________: (formal) getting worse
4) __________________: get + comparative = a situation, disease, problem becoming worse
than usual
5) __________________: relating to nerves
6) __________________: not able to be cured
7) __________________: illness of people, animals, plants, etc
8) __________________: cruel, violent, and completely without feelings
9) __________________: to recognize and name the exact character of a disease or a problem,
by examining it
10) __________________: making someone feel extremely sad or shocked
11) __________________: making a movement with a part of body, usually not intending to.
12) __________________: a doctor's judgment of the likely or expected development of a
disease or of the chances of getting better
13) __________________: any feeling of illness or physical or mental change that is caused by a
particular disease
14) __________________: to publicly speak, to express thoughts or feelings.
kelimelerle en az 1 tane örnek cümle yazın.
brutal: _____________________________________________________________________.
incurable: __________________________________________________________________.
speak out: __________________________________________________________________.
disease: ____________________________________________________________________.
symptom: __________________________________________________________________.
foundation: _________________________________________________________________.
devastating: ________________________________________________________________.
get worse: __________________________________________________________________.
nerves: ____________________________________________________________________.
deterioration: _______________________________________________________________.
diagnose: ___________________________________________________________________.
neurological: ________________________________________________________________.
prognosis: __________________________________________________________________.
twitching: __________________________________________________________________.
CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: neurological, brutal, symptoms, devastating, foundation, incurable, prognosis, spoke out, getting
worse, deterioration, twitching, nerve, diagnosed, disease
B: foundation, nerves, deterioration, get worse, neurological, incurable, disease, brutal, diagnose,
devastating, twitching, prognosis, symptom, speak out
C: Kendi cümlelerinizi yazınız, kontrole ihtiyaç yok. Kelime anlamlarını ise ‘target words’ kısmından
kontrol edebilirsiniz.
Advanced Set 2
Target Vocabulary:
improvise: to do something without any preparation, because you are forced to do this by
unexpected events
 doğaçlama yapmak
 I forgot to bring my notes, so I had to improvise.
 It was difficult to believe that the whole sketch was improvised.
revolve: to move or cause something to move around a central point or line
 dönmek, etrafında dönmek

 The earth revolves around the sun.
 His life revolves around (= He is only interested in) football.
stranded: a person or vehicle that is stranded is unable to move from the place where they are
 mahsur kalmış
 Air travellers were left stranded because of icy conditions.
 There I was, stranded in Rome with no money.
excavate: to remove earth that is covering very old objects buried in the ground in order to discover
things about the past
 kazı yapmak, kazıp ortaya çıkarmak

 Schliemann excavated the ancient city of Troy.
 Archaeologists are excavating a Bronze Age settlement on the outskirts of the village.
verge: the edge or border of something
 sınır, kenar
 They set up camp on the verge of the desert.
Bonus: on the verge of something = üzere, eşiğinde
 Mountain gorillas are on the verge of extinction.

 The show was on the verge of being canceled due to low ratings.
 I am on the verge of a cliff!
artificial: not real or not made of natural things but made to be like something that is real or natural
 suni

 He sent me artificial flowers.
 Diet drinks contain artificial sweeteners like saccharin.
 The club is building a new artificial training pitch at its sports ground.
 These shoes are made from artificial leather, that’s why they are cheap.
deliberately: done in a way that is intended or planned
 kasten, bilerek isteyerek

 He deliberately upset her.
 Police believe the fire was started deliberately.
 I didn't do it deliberately - it was an accident!
concurrent: happening or existing at the same time
 eş zamanlı
 Concurrent investigations were undertaken to identify the murderer.
 You can't attend two concurrent events!
improvise revolve stranded

excavate verge artificial
deliberately concurrent
1. Because of the corona virus, millions of people were ___________________ in their own
houses in Wuhan.
2. Did you know that many plants doesn’t need daylight and can grow just as well in
____________________ light?
3. Rogers was dismissed from the army for _____________________ disobeying an order.
4. I left my lesson plans at home, so I'll have to ____________________.
5. She knew he was on the _____________________ of losing his job.
6. She left her car by the ___________________ of the road and walked along until he found an
emergency phone.
7. The police carried out ____________________ operations to many safe houses to catch the
terrorists and prevent them informing each other.
8. The earth _____________________ around the sun, roughly in a circle.

9. He was prepared for his speech for a whole week but when he got on the stage, he decided
to ___________________ and tell what he felt at that moment.
10. The match will be played on an ______________________ pitch. I hope there wouldn’t be
injuries because of that.
11. It is believed that the building was set on fire _____________________.
12. My car broke down, and I was left ____________________ by the verge of the road.
13. Archeologists started to ____________________ the ancient city.

improvise revolve stranded
excavate verge artificial
deliberately concurrent
1) ___________________: to remove earth that is covering very old objects buried in the
ground in order to discover things about the past
2) ___________________: to do something without any preparation, because you are forced to
do this by unexpected events
3) ___________________: not real or not made of natural things but made to be like something
that is real or natural
4) ___________________: happening or existing at the same time
5) ___________________: the edge or border of something
6) ___________________: to move or cause something to move around a central point or line
7) ___________________: a person or vehicle that is stranded is unable to move from the place
where they are
8) ___________________: done in a way that is intended or planned
revolve: ___________________________________________________________________________.
verge: ____________________________________________________________________________.

concurrent: ________________________________________________________________________.
stranded: __________________________________________________________________________.
deliberately: _______________________________________________________________________.
excavate: __________________________________________________________________________.
artificial: __________________________________________________________________________.
improvise: _________________________________________________________________________.
CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: stranded, artificial, deliberately, improvise, verge, verge, concurrent, revolves, improvise, artificial,
deliberately, stranded, excavate
B: excavate, improvise, artificial, concurrent, verge, revolve, stranded, deliberately

Polar Bears will be protected in
Alaska
The US government says land that oil and
gas companies want to drill in Alaska is a
crucial home for polar bears.
Environmentalists hope this
announcement will help save the
endangered animals.
Right now in an icy den in the Arctic, a

polar bear is giving birth to cubs, or is
about to. But the very survival of this fearsome, majestic species concerns many humans. Polar bears
live and hunt on sea ice, but the frozen Arctic Ocean is melting at an increasing rate, a result,
scientists say, of global warming caused by greenhouse gases.
Now the US government has designated nearly half a million square kilometres in Alaska as critical
habitats for the polar bear. It covers an area of roughly twice the size of the United Kingdom, and it
means any proposed economic activity there, must be weighed against its impact on the bears'
habitat. It includes some of the Chukchi and Beaufort Seas, exactly where the oil company, Shell,
wants to drill.
The designation itself doesn't ban oil exploration, but it adds extra hurdles that opponents say will
harm the economy. Environmentalists welcome the move, saying now they can write a recovery plan
for polar bears, not an obituary.
Target words:
drill: to make a hole in something using a special tool
⇒ delmek
endangered: in risk of being harmed, lost, unsuccessful, etc.
⇒ tehlikede
icy: covered in ice
⇒ buzlu, donmuş
fearsome: very frightening
⇒ korkutucu
majestic: very big, impressive, or beautiful
⇒ görkemli, şahane
cub: the baby of a wild animal such as a lion or a bear
⇒ yavru (vahşi hayvan)
global warming: a gradual increase in the earth’s temperature
⇒ küresel ısınma
habitat: the natural home of a plant or animal
⇒ doğal yaşam alanı
roughly: about, approximately
⇒ yaklaşık
hurdle: a problem or difficulty that you must deal with before you can achieve something
⇒ engel
welcome: to be glad that something has happened because you think it is a good idea
⇒ hoş karşılamak (burada)
obituary: an article in a newspaper about the life of someone who has just died
⇒ vefat ilanı

--Metin üzerinde (opsiyonel olarak: alıştırma ve İngilizce açıklamarda) hedef kelimeler haricinde
bilmediğiniz kelimeleri ve anlamlarını sözlüklerden bularak buraya yazınız. – (Türkçeleri yeterlidir)
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
drill endangered icy

fearsome majestic cub x2
global warming habitat roughly
hurdle welcome obituary
1. This lovely village is surrounded by _________________mountain scenery.
2. Finding enough money for the project was the first _______________.
3. The older bears will teach the _________ how bears are supposed to behave in the wild.
4. I have to drive through a lot of ___________ roads on my way to work. I fear that one day my car
will slip.
5. I _______________ and support your decision. You are doing the right thing.
6. We are in November and the weather is like how it was in summer, that’s a sign for
__________________.
7. His duty for the documentary was watching monkeys in their natural _______________.
8. There were ____________________ 50.000 fans in the stadium.
9. The lizards are classed as an ______________ species. They are becoming fewer over the years.
10. There is an ________________ of the old minister in the newspater. I didn’t know he had died.
11. Teams like Real Madrid, Bayern Munich are very _______________ opponents on the field, but
we need to do our best to win against them.
12. Lions usually go after _____________ of the animals in nature because they are easier targets
than grown-ups.
13. Oil companies are still allowed to ______________ wherever they want to find oil. Nobody thinks
about how it effects the nature.
drill endangered icy
fearsome majestic cub
global warming habitat roughly
hurdle welcome obituary
1) ________________: very frightening

2) ________________: to make a hole in something using a special tool
3) ________________: about, approximately
4) ________________: the natural home of a plant or animal
5) ________________: a problem or difficulty that you must deal with before you can achieve
something
6) ________________: the baby of a wild animal such as a lion or a bear
7) ________________: an article in a newspaper about the life of someone who has just died
8) ________________: to be glad that something has happened because you think it is a good
idea
9) ________________: covered in ice
10) ________________: very big, impressive, or beautiful
11) ________________: a gradual increase in the earth’s temperature
12) ________________: in risk of being harmed, lost, unsuccessful, etc.
fearsome: __________________________________________________________________.
cub: _______________________________________________________________________.
hurdle: _____________________________________________________________________.
drill: _______________________________________________________________________.
endangered: ________________________________________________________________.
habitat: ____________________________________________________________________.
welcome: __________________________________________________________________.
roughly: ____________________________________________________________________.
obituary: ___________________________________________________________________.
icy: ________________________________________________________________________.
global warming: _____________________________________________________________.
majestic: ___________________________________________________________________.
CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: majestic, hurdle, cub, icy, welcome, global warming, habitat, roughly, endangered, obituary,
fearsome, cubs, drill
B: fearsome, drill, roughly, habitat, hurdle, cub, obituary, welcome, icy, majestic, global warming,
endangered
Advanced Set 3
Target Vocabulary:
vigorous: very forceful or energetic
 yoğun, etkin, dinç

 There has been vigorous opposition to the proposals for a new road.
 He does plenty of vigorous exercise.
2. strong and healthy
 güçlü, dinç, sağlam

 He is a vigorous man.
indefinitely: for a period of time for which no definite end has been arranged
 süresiz, süresiz olarak, sonsuza kadar

 The project has been postponed indefinitely.
 We can't stay here indefinitely.
 Might it be possible to prolong life indefinitely?
accumulate: to gradually get more and more money, possessions, knowledge etc over a period of
time
 birikmek, biriktirmek, toplamak, edinmek

 It is unjust that a privileged few should continue to accumulate wealth.
 We've accumulated so much rubbish over the years.
 If you don't go through the papers on your desk on a regular basis, they just keep on
accumulating.
artery: one of the tubes that carries blood from your heart to the rest of your body
 atardamar, arter
 Hardening of the coronary arteries can lead to a heart attack.
 In 2005, he underwent successful triple-bypass surgery to correct 99-percent blocked
arteries.
deform: to spoil the usual and true shape of something
 deforme etmek, biçimini bozmak, biçimsizleştirmek

 Wearing badly fitting shoes can deform your feet.
 Heat can deform plastic.

decipher: to find the meaning of something that is difficult to read or understand
 çözmek (şifreyi vb.), kırmak (şifre, kod vb.)

 Can anyone decipher Morse code?
 Historians are trying to decipher the meaning of the documents.
 She studied the envelope, trying to decipher the handwriting.
scope: the range of things that a subject, activity, book etc deals with
 kapsam
 The new book has a broader scope.
 The police are widening the scope of their investigation.
 She complained that the plan was too limited in scope.
vigorous indefinitely accumulate artery

deform decipher scope
1. Because of his recent undisciplined behaviors, the footballer was dismissed from the team
______________________.
2. _____________________ efforts are being made to find a solution to the problem.
3. Garlic can prevent heart attacks by stopping cholesterol from blocking
___________________.
4. She believed that girls needed a fair dose of daily and ___________________ exercise.
5. As people _____________________ more wealth, they tend to spend a greater proportion of
their incomes.
6. The old man is still ______________________ and lively. He owes it to regular exercise and
healthy eating.
7. The _______________________ of the research was quite limited.
8. It was a big success for England when they managed to ___________________ the coded
messages of German Army.
9. Sitting badly for long periods of time can _____________________ your spine (=omurga).
10. The event has been postponed ____________________ due to lack of interest.
11. Why don't you just do a little ironing every now and then, instead of letting it
_____________________?

vigorous indefinitely accumulate artery
deform decipher scope
1) ___________________: for a period of time for which no definite end has been arranged
2) ___________________: to gradually get more and more money, possessions, knowledge,
things etc. over a period of time
3) ___________________: strong and healthy
4) ___________________: to spoil the usual and true shape of something
5) ___________________: the range of things that a subject, activity, book etc. deals with
6) ___________________: very forceful or energetic
7) ___________________: one of the tubes that carries blood from your heart to the rest of
your body
8) ___________________: to find the meaning of something that is difficult to read or
understand
indefinitely: ________________________________________________________________________.
artery: ____________________________________________________________________________.
decipher: __________________________________________________________________________.
vigorous: __________________________________________________________________________.
accumulate: _______________________________________________________________________.
scope: ____________________________________________________________________________.
deform: ___________________________________________________________________________.

CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: indefinitely, vigorous, arteries, vigorous, accumulate, vigorous, scope, decipher, deform,

indefinitely, accumulate
B: indefinitely, accumulate, vigorous, deform, scope, vigorous, artery, decipher

Making the best Usage of
Venoms
The venom of scorpions and spiders could
provide valuable molecules in the battle
against antibiotic resistant superbugs,
according to scientists. One drop of a
scorpion's venom can kill a human being,
but research chemists here are collecting
the poison in the hope of saving our lives.
Venomous creatures like this produce

antibiotic type molecules which protect
them against bacteria.
This British biotech company Venomtech believes for instance it could lead to a new generation of
drugs to protect us against the superbugs. New antibiotics are desperately needed if medicine is to
continue to work.
In a world where bacteria cannot be fought off, a string of the most simple surgical procedures
become risky. Steve Trim is the Managing director of Venomtech :"We have a unique collection of
chemists that actually sit in our enclosures and make the venoms for us that the pharmaceuticals
companies just don't have access to. So we're able to show them you know, here's some useful
chemicals, perhaps some of them you could take on to make a new therapeutic and hopefully to kick
start this area."
The report also proposes doctors should be compelled to perform diagnostic tests on patients before
prescribing any antibiotic drugs.
If nothing is done, it is projected drug resistance will not just cause 10 million deaths each year by
2050, it will also hit the world's economies, costing more than 88 trillion euros in lost output,
according to some experts.
Target words:
venom: a poisonous liquid that some snakes, insects, etc. produce
⇒ zehir
resistant: not harmed or affected by something
⇒ dirençli
drop: a small amount of liquid
⇒ damla
desperately: in a way that shows you are frightened and ready to try anything to change a situation
⇒ umutsuzca + can havliyle
fight off: to try hard to free yourself from an illness
⇒ mücadele etmek, enfeksiyonu gidermek
surgical procedure: doing or having medical operation
⇒ cerrahi müdahale
enclosure: an area surrounded by a wall or fence, and used for a particular purpose
⇒ çevirme
pharmaceutical: drugs and medicines
⇒ ilaç, eczacılıkla ilgili
therapeutic: relating to the treatment or cure of an illness
⇒ iyileştirici, tedavi edici
diagnostic: relating to or used for discovering what is wrong with someone or something
⇒ tanı
prescribe: to say what medicine or treatment a sick person should have
⇒ ilaç yazmak
output: the amount of goods or work produced by a person, machine, factory etc
⇒ ürün, çıktı
expert: someone who has a special skill or special knowledge of a subject
⇒ uzman

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
venom resistant drop

desperately x2 fight off surgical procedure x2
enclosure pharmaceutical therapeutic
diagnostic prescribe output expert
1. A patient’s recovery firstly depends on the accurate ______________ of the doctor.

2. ‘’If these painkillers don’t work I may have to _____________ you something stronger.’’ said
the doctor.
3. One _______________ of this poison can kill a man.
4. He knew that Jennifer doesn’t even like him but he was _________________ in love with
her.
5. _________________ believe that our economy will not get better anytime soon.
6. My father is having a ___________________ on his foot, he won’t be able to walk for a few
weeks when it’s done but he will be OK afterwards.
7. Why are you so _______________ to change? Change is the only thing doesn’t change, you
know. Resisting it is absurd.
8. He needs to ____________ his problems along with his illness.
9. You will need to have an operation from your leg but don’t worry, the _________________ is
not risky at all. You will be on your feat in a day!
10. He was __________________ trying to save whatever he can from the burning house.
11. Ford plans to increase its car ________________ next year.
12. The animals were placed in a large __________________ behind the barn.
13. Some claim that the herb has _______________ value for treating pain.
14. _________________ companies do everything to sell their products because there is an
alternative for almost every drug and medicine or a medical tool.
15. The _______________ of the various kinds of snakes acts differently.
venom resistant drop
desperately fight off surgical procedure
enclosure pharmaceutical therapeutic
diagnostic prescribe output expert
1) _________________: doing or having medical operation

2) _________________: an area surrounded by a wall or fence, and used for a particular
purpose
3) _________________: not harmed or affected by something
4) _________________: in a way that shows you are frightened and ready to try anything to
change a situation
5) _________________: a poisonous liquid that some snakes, insects, etc. produce
6) _________________: relating to or used for discovering what is wrong with someone or
something
7) _________________: someone who has a special skill or special knowledge of a subject
8) _________________: a small amount of liquid
9) _________________: to say what medicine or treatment a sick person should have
10) _________________: drugs and medicines
11) _________________: relating to the treatment or cure of an illness
12) _________________: the amount of goods or work produced by a person, machine, factory
etc
13) _________________: to try hard to free yourself from an illness
surgical procedure: ___________________________________________________________.
venom: ____________________________________________________________________.
pharmaceuticals: ____________________________________________________________.
diagnostic: __________________________________________________________________.
output: ____________________________________________________________________.
prescribe: __________________________________________________________________.
therapeutic: ________________________________________________________________.
desperately: ________________________________________________________________.
drop: ______________________________________________________________________.
fight off: ___________________________________________________________________.
enclosure: __________________________________________________________________.
expert: _____________________________________________________________________.
resistant: ___________________________________________________________________.
CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: diagnostic, prescribe, drop, desperately, experts, surgical procedure, resistant, fight off, surgical
procedure, desperately, output, enclosure, therapeutic, pharmaceutical, venom
B: surgical procedure, enclosure, resistant, desperately, venom, diagnostic, expert, drop, prescribe,
pharmaceuticals, therapeutic, output, fight off
Advanced Set 4
Target Vocabulary:
deceased: the person who has died or the people who have died
 ölü - ölmüş, merhum, rahmetli

 The paintings are by his deceased brother, Dan.
 Five of the deceased were employed by the same club.
commodity: a product that is bought and sold
 madde, mal, alıp satılan şey, emtia, ticari mal

 Crude oil is the world’s most important commodity.
 Soap was a scarce commodity during the war.
induce: to persuade someone to do something, especially something that does not seem wise
 ikna etmek, kandırıp yaptırmak

 Nothing would induce me to vote for him again.
 She induced her father to buy an expensive car as a graduation gift.
2. to cause a particular physical condition
 sebep olmak
 Doctors said surgery could induce a heart attack.
 Certain chemicals can induce undesirable changes in the nervous system.
conquest: the act of getting control of a country by fighting
 fetih
 He continued to expand his kingdom by conquest.
 He had led the conquest of southern Poland in 1939.
enroll: to officially arrange to join a school, university, or course, or to arrange for someone else to
do this
 kayıt olmak, katılmak, kaydını yapmak

 I decided to enroll for a course ‘Art for Beginners’.
 Classes began soon after we enrolled.
 His parents enrolled him in a military academy when he was only 8.

diagnose: to find out what illness someone has, or what the cause of a fault is, after doing tests,
examinations etc.
 teşhis etmek, tanı koymak

 She was diagnosed with breast cancer.
 Matthew was wrongly diagnosed as having a bone tumour.
 Despite undergoing several tests, doctors were unable to diagnose her condition.
prognosis: a doctor’s opinion of how an illness or disease will develop
 (doctor) öngörü, hastalığın seyri

 Doctors say his prognosis is good, and they expect a full recovery.
 Well, doctor, what's the prognosis?
incurable: impossible to cure
 dermansız, amansız, tedavi edilemez

 She has a rare, incurable disease.
 My doctor told me that the cancer was incurable.
 (+) You're a hopeless/incurable romantic.
deceased commodity induce conquest

enroll diagnose prognosis incurable
1. The ____________________ general was a great soldier.

2. We couldn't ______________________ the old lady to travel by plane. She was so afraid that
she took 24 hours long bus journey.
3. Today a record 62 percent of high school graduates are ____________________ in colleges
the following fall.
4. Parkinson's disease is a debilitating and ___________________ disease of the nervous
system. Sorry but that’s the truth.
5. Several years ago, she was ____________________ as having Alzheimer's disease.
6. The ____________________ of İstanbul started a new era.
7. Salt can ______________________ high blood pressure in some people.
8. Water is a very rare ____________________ in the region.

9. If cervical cancer is _____________________ in its early stages, it can be cured.
10. After successful surgery his ____________________ was good.
11. The police are trying to find the relatives of the _____________________.
12. I need to learn English; do you know a good course on Udemy to ___________________?
13. Salesmen may make untrue statements to try to _____________________ you to buy the
product.
14. Older children have a better ___________________ for the same disease because their
immune system is better developed.
15. Any lung cancer that has spread is considered ___________________ and patient are
expected to die in a few months at most.

deceased commodity induce conquest
enroll diagnose prognosis incurable
1) __________________: to find out what illness someone has, or what the cause of a fault is,
after doing tests, examinations etc.
2) __________________: the act of getting control of a country by fighting
3) __________________: a product that is bought and sold
4) __________________: to cause a particular physical condition
5) __________________: to officially arrange to join a school, university, or course, or to
arrange for someone else to do this
6) __________________: impossible to cure
7) __________________: to persuade someone to do something, especially something that
does not seem wise
8) __________________: a doctor’s opinion of how an illness or disease will develop
9) __________________: the person who has died or the people who have died

induce: ___________________________________________________________________________.
enroll: ____________________________________________________________________________.
deceased: _________________________________________________________________________.
incurable: _________________________________________________________________________.
conquest: _________________________________________________________________________.
commodity: ________________________________________________________________________.
diagnose: _________________________________________________________________________.
prognosis: _________________________________________________________________________.
CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: deceased, induce, enrolled, incurable, diagnosed, conquest, induce, commodity, diagnosed,

prognosis, deceased, enroll, induce, prognosis, incurable
B: diagnose, conquest, commodity, induce, enroll, incurable, induce, prognosis, deceased

Google Keyword Sale Dispute
Search engine company Google is in
disagreement with a number of well-known
companies because it sells product related
search keywords to unrelated companies. If
you go onto the Google search engine and
enter a famous brand name, you might expect
to lists of sites associated directly with that
same company. That used to be the case until
a few years ago. But now Google makes large
sums from allowing other advertisers to bid
for keywords, including those of established
names such as the leather bag makers Louis
Vuitton. That means links to their websites
appear near the top of the list that comes up
after the search.
LVMH says the practice is confusing for buyers

who can't be sure if the goods are genuine. Over time they fear that their reputation will be
damaged and they'll lose business to counterfeiters. But having studied European law carefully the
court of Justice said in a statement that Google hadn't infringed trademark law by allowing outside
advertisers to buy up keywords.
Google has said it will honour valid complaints, though trademark holders think that their brand
names shouldn't be sold to outside operators in the first place. France's highest court has the final
say in this particular case, but many more involving other luxury goods makers are pending on both
sides of the Atlantic.
Target words:
disagreement: having different opinions about something
⇒ anlaşmazlık
unrelated: having no connection
⇒ alakasız
associated: connected or related
⇒ ilgili
used to be the case: the situation was like that before but not anymore
⇒ eskiden böyleydi fakat…

sum: an amount of money
⇒ tutar, meblağ
advertiser: a person or business that pays to advertise a product or service
⇒ reklamcı
keyword: a word that you type into a computer so that it will search for that word on the Internet
⇒ anahtar kelime
come up: becoming available
⇒ ortaya çıkmak
genuine: something that really is what it seems to be, no pretending.
⇒ hakiki, gerçek (ayrıca dürüst)
counterfeiter: a person who makes a copy that looks like the original of something, usually for
dishonest or illegal purposes
⇒ kalpazan
infringe: to break a rule, law, etc.
⇒ ihlal etmek, çiğnemek
valid: based on truth or reason; able to be accepted
⇒ geçerli
complaint: a statement that something is wrong or not satisfactory
⇒ şikayet
particular: special, or this and not any other
⇒ özel, belirli
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
disagreement unrelated associated

used to be the case sum advertiser
keyword come up genuine
counterfeiter infringe valid
complaint particular
1. If you use the right ___________, you can find any information on Google.
2. Sir, your passport needs to be _______________ at least one year, you have 6 months left. I
am sorry, I can’t let you go.
3. We’ve had some __________________, but we are still good friends. We don’t have to agree
all the time.
4. TV channels, websites, magazines etc. need to attract ______________ to survive, or else
they can’t make any money.
5. A: The teacher was angry because Claire asked an _______________ question in the middle
of the lesson. B: What was the question? A: Are you married?
6. He wouldn't take just any book - he had to have this _______________ one!
7. Copying videos _______________ copyright law.
8. I will write a _____________ about this restaurant. Their food is bad and the staff are rude.
Do you have a pen?
9. ______________ leather products like jackets, wallets, shoes etc. are always expensive.
10. If a job opportunity _____________ in your company, can you please let me know?
11. Total _____________ they paid just for a wedding was over 10.000 $. This is insane.
12. A: Why can’t I just buy a ticket and watch the game. I was able to do that earlier. B: That
______________ but now you need to have Passo ID to watch the games, I am sorry.
13. Authorities hope the new ID card design will make it much harder for ______________ to
make a fake copy.
14. Kamil Koç Tourism is not ________________ with Koç Holding, just their names are similar.

disagreement unrelated associated
used to be the case sum advertiser
keyword come up genuine
counterfeiter infringe valid
complaint particular
1) ____________________: a person who makes a copy that looks like the original of
something, usually for dishonest or illegal purposes
2) ____________________: special, or this and not any other
3) ____________________: an amount of money
4) ____________________: having no connection
5) ____________________: having different opinions about something
6) ____________________: the situation was like that before but not anymore
7) ____________________: connected or related
8) ____________________: a word that you type into a computer so that it will search for that
word on the Inter
9) ____________________: something that really is what it seems to be, no pretending
10) ____________________: becoming available
11) ____________________: to break a rule, law, etc.
12) ____________________: based on truth or reason; able
13) ____________________: a statement that something is wrong or not satisfactory
14) ____________________: a person or business that pays to advertise a product or service
genuine: ___________________________________________________________________.
keyword: ___________________________________________________________________.
infringe: ____________________________________________________________________.
complaint: __________________________________________________________________.
sum: ______________________________________________________________________.
disagreement: _______________________________________________________________.
unrelated: __________________________________________________________________.
valid: ______________________________________________________________________.
come up: ___________________________________________________________________.
counterfeiter: _______________________________________________________________.
particular: __________________________________________________________________.
used to be the case: __________________________________________________________.
advertiser: __________________________________________________________________.
associated: _________________________________________________________________.
CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: keyword, valid, disagreements, advertisers, unrelated, particular, infringes, complaint, genuine,

comes up, sum, used to be the case, counterfeiters, associated
B: counterfeiter, particular, sum, unrelated, disagreement, used to be the case, associated, keyword,
genuine, come up, infringe, valid, complaint, advertise
Advanced Set 5
Target Vocabulary:
profitable: producing a profit or a useful result
 kàrlı
 The advertising campaign proved very profitable.
 They are now among the most profitable companies.
battle: a fight between opposing armies, groups of ships, groups of people etc, especially one that is
part of a larger war
 savaş, muharebe
 Her son was killed in battle.
 In the battle to retake the village, over 150 soldiers were killed.
 It’s essential to win the battle against inflation.
 The brave little girl lost her battle against cancer.
battlefield: a place where a battle is being fought or has been fought in the past.
 savaş alanı, muharebe alanı

 They carried the wounded from the battlefield.
 We visited the Civil War battlefield at Gettysburg.
devastating: badly damaging or destroying something
 yıkıcı, harap etme, çok kötü

 Acid rain has a devastating effect on the forest.
 The recession has had a devastating impact on employment in this area.
impact: the effect or influence that an event, situation etc has on someone or something
 etki
 Technology has a big impact in our lives.
 His leg injury had a disastrous impact on his career as a footballer.
 Population growth has a profound impact on world food demand.
2. the force of one object hitting another
 çarpışma
 Both cars burst into flames on impact.
 Be ready for impact!
uncommon: rare or unusual

 nadir veya alışılmışın dışında; alışılmadık
 Violent crimes against the elderly are fortunately very uncommon.
 It's not uncommon for people to become ill when they travel.
 Phil has uncommon intelligence.
palliate: to reduce the effects of illness, pain etc. without curing them
 dindirmek, hafifletmek
 The drugs palliate pain but have no effect on infection.
 Chosen carefully, the oils may not only palliate but also cure the condition.
profitable battle battlefield devastating

impact uncommon palliate
1. I am offering you partnership for a highly ______________________ business. What do you

say?
2. The _____________________ for women's rights still goes on.
3. It’s _____________________ to see snow on the south coast of Turkey like İzmir, Antalya
etc.
4. The internet has a huge _____________________ for the recently developed e-commerce
activities. We are buying things online that we would have never guessed we would.
5. Satellite images showed clearly the _____________________ impact of the earthquake.
6. The two armies finally met on the ____________________ at Stamford Bridge.
7. Their mother’s death made a huge emotional _____________________ on the children.
8. I have recently had a surgery on my leg. The painkillers _____________________ the pain at
some level but it still hurts a lot.
9. The plane flew into a mountain and destroyed on _____________________.
10. It will take a long time for the region to recover from such a _______________________ war.
11. Millions of people died during the _____________________ between Germany and Soviet
Russia.
12. When the battle in Çanakkale ended, the sight of the ______________________ was
horrible; millions of deceased, craters of shells, smell and much more.
13. It’s not _______________________ for someone to change jobs several times and you are
not the first person doing that, just relax!

profitable battle battlefield devastating
impact uncommon palliate
1) __________________: rare or unusual

2) __________________: a place where a battle is being fought or has been fought in the past.
3) __________________: producing a profit or a useful result
4) __________________: the effect or influence that an event, situation etc has on someone or
something
5) __________________: to reduce the effects of illness, pain etc. without curing them
6) __________________: badly damaging or destroying something
7) __________________: a fight between opposing armies, groups of ships, groups of people
etc, especially one that is part of a larger war
8) __________________: the force of one object hitting another
devastating: _______________________________________________________________________.
battle: ____________________________________________________________________________.
uncommon: _______________________________________________________________________.
battlefield: ________________________________________________________________________.
impact: ___________________________________________________________________________.
palliate: ___________________________________________________________________________.
profitable: _________________________________________________________________________.

CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: profitable, battle, uncommon, impact, devastating, battlefield, impact, palliate, impact,

devastating, battles, battlefield, uncommon
B: uncommon, battlefield, profitable, impact, palliate, devastating, battle, impact

Isaac Newton
OK, today we're going to talk about the life
of Sir Isaac Newton. He was one of the
most important mathematicians and
scientists of all time and his ideas and
theories were not improved on until
Einstein's work, almost two hundreds and
fifty years later.
So, who was Newton? Well, he was born in

1642 in a place called Woolsthorpe, in
England, and he went to study at
Cambridge University in 1661. At first, he
studied law, but later he became very
interested in Mathematics and science. He
later went on to teach at the university and
he made some very important scientific
discoveries about light and mechanics.
His most famous discovery though is probably gravity. One day Newton saw an apple fall off a tree.
He realized that the force that made the apple fall to the ground was the same force that made the
moon travel around the Earth. He called this force gravity and this brilliant idea changed the way we
look at the world.
Later in his life, Newton gave up scientific research. He never really returned to Woolsthorpe. In
1696, he left Cambridge and went to work for the government in London. He died there in 1727.
Target words:
improve: to get better at something or cause something to be better
⇒ geliştirmek
to be born: to come out of a mother's body, and start to exist
⇒ doğmak
probably: very likely
⇒ muhtemelen
gravity: the force that attracts objects towards one another, especially the force that makes things
fall to the ground
⇒ yer çekimi
fall off: if part of something falls off, it becomes separated from the main part
⇒ bir bütünden parça düşmesi
force (n): a natural power or event
⇒ doğal olay, güç
brilliant: extremely clever or skillful
⇒ parlak zekalı, muhteşem
give up: to stop doing something, especially something that you do regularly
⇒ bırakmak (bir şeyi)
research: serious study of a subject, in order to discover new facts or test new ideas
⇒ araştırma (genelde bilimsel)

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
improve to be born probably

gravity fall off force brilliant
give up research
1. I thought the best way to ________________ my French was to live in France

2. Leaves __________________ from the trees in Autumn season.
3. The ______________ of gravity was the starting point for many more scientific
improvements.
4. I think this is a ___________________ idea. We should give it a try as soon as possible.
5. Fernando Torres _______________ football a year ago. He was a great player once.
6. A group of scientists are running a new ____________ into the causes of cancer and how to
prevent receiving them.
7. Atatürk _______________ in 1881.
8. It’s ______________ the best movie I have ever seen, at least it would enter in my top 3.
9. A: Why can’t we fly like birds? B: I am not sure but it must be because of
________________.

improve to be born probably
gravity fall off force brilliant
give up research
1) __________________: a natural power or event

2) __________________: the force that attracts objects towards one another, especially the
force that makes things fall to the ground
3) __________________: to get better at something or cause something to be better
4) __________________: if part of something falls off, it becomes separated from the main part
5) __________________: extremely clever or skillful
6) __________________: serious study of a subject, in order to discover new facts or test new
ideas
7) __________________: to stop doing something, especially something that you do regularly
8) __________________: very likely
9) __________________: to come out of a mother's body, and start to exist
gravity: ____________________________________________________________________.
force (n): __________________________________________________________________.
improve: ___________________________________________________________________.
research: ___________________________________________________________________.
give up: ____________________________________________________________________.
fall off: _____________________________________________________________________.
probably: ___________________________________________________________________.
brilliant: ____________________________________________________________________.
to be born: _________________________________________________________________.
CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: improve, fall off, force, brilliant, gave up, research, was born, probably, gravity
B: force, gravity, improve, fall off, brilliant, research, give up, probably, to be born
Advanced Set 6
Target Vocabulary:
choke: to be unable to breathe properly because something is in your throat or there is not enough
air
 boğulmak, boğmak
 He choked on a piece of bread.
 The smoke was choking me.
 He grabbed her around the neck and choked her to death.
progressive: supporting new or modern ideas and methods, especially in politics and education
 yenilikçi, ileri görüşlü

 The left of the party is pressing for a more progressive social policy.
2. happening or developing gradually over a period of time
 aşamalı, artan-azalan oranda, kademeli

 We are currently witnessing a progressive decline in the number of students entering higher
education.
 There's been a progressive decline in the standard of living over the last decade.
mechanic: someone whose job is repairing the engines of vehicles and other machines
 tamirci
 Buying that second-hand car without having it checked by a mechanic is a bad idea.
 At that time she was just a humble mechanic.
illiterate: unable to read and write
 okuması-yazması olmayan, cahil, okumamış, okur-yazar değil

 A surprising percentage of the population is illiterate.
 His father was an illiterate farm worker.
humane: treating people or animals in a way that is not cruel and causes them as little suffering as
possible
 insancıl, insani
 Animals are now raised in more humane conditions.
 It’s not humane to treat anyone like this.
counteract: to reduce or remove the effect of something unwanted by producing an opposite effect
 karşı savaşmak, etkisini yok etmek, etkisini azaltmak

 Our bodies produce antibodies to counteract disease.
 We must counteract extremism in the party.
 Patients need to drink plenty of water to counteract the dehydration due to fluid loss.
occasionally: sometimes, but not regularly and not often; ‘’once in a while’’
 arada bir
 He still occasionally goes out to bars.
 I see him occasionally in town.
administer: to manage the work or money of a company or organization or govern a country, state
etc.
 yönetmek, idare etmek

 The economy has been badly administered by the present government.
 The British administered Hong Kong for 99 years.
choke progressive mechanic

illiterate humane counteract
occasionally administer
1. The professor has some ____________________ ideas for the future of the education.
2. Very small toys can _____________________ a baby.
3. The company has been _______________________ by his spoilt boy since John’s death.
That’s why it is in a very bad situation, likely to go bankrupt.
4. It’s not __________________ to upset people and take pleasure of it.
5. My grandmother was _____________________, his father didn’t want her to go to school.
6. "Don't worry, your car will be ready tomorrow, " the ___________________ assured him.
7. My job is to ____________________ bookings for abroad. I prepare all the legal documents
and check them with the clients.
8. They let their kid play with his tablet ____________________, but not too long.
9. My husband has to take several pills to _____________________ high blood pressure.
10. Doctors helped her when she was about to ___________________ because of a coin.
11. She felt it was more _______________________ to kill the injured animal quickly than to let
it suffer.

12. My ability to see has gotten _____________________ worse over the years.
13. My mother looks after our kids _____________________ but we cannot ask it from her all
the time, we need a nanny.

choke progressive mechanic
illiterate humane counteract
occasionally administer
1. __________________: someone whose job is repairing the engines of vehicles and other
machines
2. __________________: supporting new or modern ideas and methods, especially in politics
and education
3. __________________: treating people or animals in a way that is not cruel and causes them
as little suffering as possible
4. __________________: to manage the work or money of a company or organization or
govern a country, state etc.
5. __________________: happening or developing gradually over a period of time
6. __________________: unable to read and write
7. __________________: to reduce or remove the effect of something unwanted by producing
an opposite effect
8. __________________: sometimes, but not regularly and not often; ‘’once in a while’’
9. __________________: to be unable to breathe properly because something is in your throat
or there is not enough air
mechanic: _________________________________________________________________________.
occasionally: _______________________________________________________________________.
humane: __________________________________________________________________________.

administer: ________________________________________________________________________.
illiterate: __________________________________________________________________________.
progressive: _______________________________________________________________________.
counteract: ________________________________________________________________________.
choke: ____________________________________________________________________________.
CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: progressive, choke, administered, humane, illiterate, mechanic, administer, occasionally,

counteract, choke, humane, occasionally
B: mechanic, progressive, humane, administer, illiterate, counteract, occasionally, choke

Men vs. Women
Most debates about whether or not men are stronger than women
are meaningless because the disputants fail to consider that the
word "stronger" may mean many things.
Most men can surpass most women in lifting heavy weights, in

striking an object (say a baseball or an opponent's jaw), in running,
jumping, or doing heavy physical labour.
But the statistics indicate that most women live longer than most
men, that they have better chance of resisting disease, that they
can beat men at operations requiring finger dexterity and the
ability to work accurately under monotonous conditions. On this kind of proof it would be legitimate
to argue that women are stronger than men.
The truth is that each sex can surpass the other in certain kinds of activities. To say that one is
stronger than the other is to indulge in an argument that would arise if the word "stronger" were
more sharply defined.
Target words:
meaningless: having no point or a meaning
⇒ anlamsız
disputant: a person who debates about something.
⇒ tartışmacı
surpass: to be even better or greater than someone or something else
⇒ geçmek (üstün gelmek)
strike: to deliberately hit someone or something with your hand or a weapon
⇒ saldırmak
labour: work, especially physical work
⇒ iş, fiziksel iş
indicate: to show that a particular situation exists, or that something is likely to be true
⇒ işaret olmak, göstergesi olmak
dexterity: skill and speed in doing something with your hands

⇒ maharet, el çabukluğu
accurately: correct and true in every detail
⇒ doğru bir şekilde
monotonous: boring because of always being the same
⇒ monoton
proof: facts, information, documents etc that prove something is true
⇒ kanıt
legitimate: fair or reasonable
⇒ meşru, yerinde
indulge in: to take part in an activity, especially an illegal one
⇒ bir etkinliğin parçası olmak
define: to describe something correctly and thoroughly
⇒ tanımlamak

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
meaningless disputant surpass

monotonous strike labour indicate
dexterity accurately proof
legitimate indulge in define
1. He had ________________all our expectations.

2. Research _______________ that over 81% of teachers are dissatisfied with their salary.
3. It’s impossible to predict the weather _______________. That’s why we call it ‘’weather
prediction’’.
4. Most scientists believe it is _________________ to use animals in medical research but I
don’t.
5. Computer games can improve children’s manual __________________.
6. Can you _______________ your problem clearly please? If I can’t understand it, I can’t help
you.
7. A: Ahmet stole my golden watch. B: Do you have any _____________ for this accusation?
8. My life is so ___________________ these days. I really need to do something different, every
day is the same.
9. I was watching a debate program but one of the ______________ left the room because he
was angry for a question came from his opponent.
10. The car parts themselves are not expensive, it's the _______________ that costs the money.
11. A funeral is not an appropriate time to __________________ gossip.
12. He said a few _______________ words to his hostess and looked around the room.
13. The plague ____________ again for the third time that century.

meaningless disputant surpass
monotonous strike labour indicate
dexterity accurately proof
legitimate indulge in define
1) _________________: correct and true in every detail

2) _________________: having no point or a meaning
3) _________________: a person who debates about something
4) _________________: skill and speed in doing something with your hands
5) _________________: facts, information, documents etc that prove something is true
6) _________________: to show that a particular situation exists, or that something is likely to
be true
7) _________________: work, especially physical work
8) _________________: to take part in an activity, especially an illegal one
9) _________________: boring because of always being the same
10) _________________: to describe something correctly and thoroughly
11) _________________: to deliberately hit someone or something with your hand or a weapon
12) _________________: to be even better or greater than someone or something else
13) _________________: fair or reasonable
dexterity: ___________________________________________________________________.
labour: _____________________________________________________________________.
indulge in: __________________________________________________________________.
strike: _____________________________________________________________________.
proof: _____________________________________________________________________.
monotonous: _______________________________________________________________.
indicate: ___________________________________________________________________.
meaningless: ________________________________________________________________.
surpass: ____________________________________________________________________.
legitimate: __________________________________________________________________.
define: _____________________________________________________________________.
accurately: _________________________________________________________________.
disputant: __________________________________________________________________.
CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: surpassed, indicates, accurately, legitimate, dexterity, define, proof, monotonous, disputants,

labour, indulge in, meaningless, struck (v2)
B: accurately, meaningless, disputant, dexterity, proof, indicate, labour, indulge in, monotonous,
define, strike, surpass, legitimate
Advanced Set 7
Target Vocabulary:
impeccable: without any faults and impossible to criticize
 kusursuz
 His English is impeccable.
 She had impeccable taste in clothes.
vague: unclear because someone does not give enough detailed information or does not say exactly
what they mean
 belirsiz, şüpheli, muğlak, belli belirsiz

 The students only had a vague idea of what they were supposed to do.
 Dave's instructions were rather vague.
movement: a change of position
 hareket
 He made a sudden movement and frightened the bird away.
 Satellite photographs provide us with a lot of information about their troop movements.
 He made a small movement with his head, to indicate the door.
prevail: to get control or influence
 üstün gelmek, yerini bulmak

 I am sure that common sense will prevail in the end.
 The British team had finally prevailed over the Russians. (yenmek)
 Justice will prevail.
prophecy: a statement that something will happen in the future, especially one made by someone
with religious or magic powers
 kehanet
 The prophecy that David would become king was fulfilled.
 The prophecy of the manager.
 It's a self-fulfilling prophecy : expect things to go wrong, and they probably will.
compassionate: feeling sympathy for people who are suffering
 merhametli, şefkatli
 He is a compassionate man.

 We must try to create a more caring, more compassionate society.
deficiency: a lack of something that is necessary
 eksikliği
 Pregnant women often suffer from iron deficiency.
 Deficiencies in the education system haven’t been corrected yet.
 We need to identify any deficiencies in the system and fix them.
impeccable vague movement prevail

prophecy compassionate deficiency
1. Despite his _____________________ as a husband, he was a good father to his children.

2. The doctor's ____________________ explanations only increased Clara's fears.
3. Some people have trouble controlling their hand ______________________.
4. The blood tests revealed a ____________________ in certain key minerals and vitamins.
5. Our teacher looks like a strict man but he is actually a very ____________________ man. He
helps us anytime we need help.
6. The Republicans are expected to ____________________ over Democrats in next year's
election.
7. We all thought that it was an __________________ plan but it didn’t work out as we
expected.
8. The old woman's _____________________ of Earthquake disaster was soon fulfilled.
9. Your inner strength will enable you to ____________________ over life’s obstacles.
10. Clothes should not be so tight that they restrict your _______________________.
11. She's French but she speaks with an _____________________ English accent.

impeccable vague movement prevail
prophecy compassionate deficiency
1) ________________: to get control or influence

2) ________________: without any faults and impossible to criticize
3) ________________: unclear because someone does not give enough detailed information or
does not say exactly what they mean
4) ________________: a statement that something will happen in the future, especially one
made by someone with religious or magic powers
5) ________________: a change of position
6) ________________: feeling sympathy for people who are suffering
7) ________________: a lack of something that is necessary
vague: ____________________________________________________________________________.
prevail: ___________________________________________________________________________.
compassionate: ____________________________________________________________________.
movement: ________________________________________________________________________.
prophecy: _________________________________________________________________________.
deficiency: _________________________________________________________________________.
impeccable: ________________________________________________________________________.

CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: deficiencies, vague, movements, deficiency, compassionate, prevail, impeccable, prophecy,

prevail, movements, impeccable
B: prevail, impeccable, vague, prophecy, movement, compassionate, deficiency

£100m compensation is up for grabs for train delays so don't let rail firms
keep YOUR cash.
Up to five million rail users a year are thought to
be missing out on compensation they are owed
because they fail to claim for train delays,
research by The Mail on Sunday has found.
Passengers are being left £100 million out of

pocket because they don't know they can apply
for refunds or are confounded by fiddly websites
that make it hard to claim. But with less than nine
weeks until fares are hiked yet again in January,
now is the time to claim back money that is
rightfully yours. When I faced the task recently I
could well understand why so many just let it go.
But however toilsome it appears I recommend
you do it. Better that the money is in your pocket
than in the rail company's – and for me it amounted to £180.
Don't be under any illusions – you are likely to find your delay refund request will itself be subject to
delays. After three delayed journeys in a fortnight, my first step was filling out an online form on the
Chiltern Railways website. I was required to enter my name, address, journey details and other
personal information. So far, so good.
But then I had to upload a photo of my season ticket and it started to get tricky. First, I was told the
photo I snapped on my mobile phone was not in the correct format. Then it was too big. In fact, so
fussy was the system I needed the help of a more technologically gifted colleague to navigate it. But I
finally did it and Chiltern Railways had to give me a refund. For me it was worth the effort.
Target words:
miss out on: to fail to use an opportunity to enjoy or get an advantage from something
⇒ fırsatı kaçırmak
compensation: money paid to someone because they have suffered injury or loss, or because
something they own has been damaged
⇒ telafi (maddi)
owe: to need to pay or give something to someone because they have lent money to you, or in
exchange for something they have done for you
⇒ borçlu olmak
claim: to state that you have a right to take or have something that is legally yours
⇒ hak iddia etmek
delay: when someone or something has to wait, or the length of the waiting time
⇒ ertelemek
refund: an amount of money that is given back to you if you are not satisfied with the goods or
services that you have paid for
⇒ para iadesi
confound: not able to understand fully
⇒ şaşırtmak
rightfully: in a morally or legally correct way
⇒ haklı/meşru/yasal olarak
let go: to accept that you cannot change something and stop thinking or worrying about it
⇒ koyuvermek, bırakmak
toilsome: involving hard or difficult work, or great effort
⇒ zahmetli, meşakkatli
fortnight: a period of two weeks
⇒ 2 haftalık süreç
tricky: difficult to deal with and needs careful attention or skill
⇒ karmaşık, alengirli
gifted: having special ability in a particular subject or activity (god given- from birth)
⇒ yetenekli (Allah vergisi veya doğuştan olarak adlandırılır Vs. talented)
to be worth: to be important or interesting enough to receive a particular action
⇒ değmek
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
miss out on compensation owe

claim delay refund confound
rightfully let go toilsome
fortnight tricky gifted to be worth x2
1. She received _________________ from the government for the damage caused to her
property.
2. Lost property can be ______________ between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m.
3. A lot of shopping websites offers 14 days full _______________ guarantee if you are not
satisfied with your purchase.
4. Establishing a business from zero is really ________________. But it ___________ the effort
if you can be successful and grow your business.
5. How much would it cost to hire a car for a ______________?
6. When you're in Reykjavík, the National Museum ______________ a visit.
7. If you don’t come to the business dinner tonight, you will _________________ meeting with
important people who could be useful for your future plans.
8. A: Were you able to solve the question number 8? B: Yes but it was a ______________
question, it took a lot of time to solve.
9. You need to __________ the past _________ and forgive those who have hurt you.
10. I ______________ you a drink for helping me move.
11. Don’t _______________ doing your homework all the time! You were supposed to do them
yesterday.
12. Van Gogh was a truly _______________ man. But his worth was recognized years after his
death.
13. Your grandfather has died and left you everything. It means that whatever he owned is now
_____________ yours.
14. His amazing recovery ______________ the medical specialists because he was thought as a
dead man.

miss out on compensation owe
claim delay refund confound
rightfully let go toilsome
fortnight tricky gifted to be worth
1) _____________________: having special ability in a particular subject or activity (god given-

from birth)
2) _____________________: involving hard or difficult work, or great effort
3) _____________________: not able to understand fully
4) _____________________: difficult to deal with and needs careful attention or skill
5) _____________________: to accept that you cannot change something and stop thinking or
worrying about it
6) _____________________: money paid to someone because they have suffered injury or loss,
or because something they own has been damaged
7) _____________________: to state that you have a right to take or have something that is
legally yours
8) _____________________: an amount of money that is given back to you if you are not
satisfied with the goods or services that you have paid for
9) _____________________: when someone or something has to wait, or the length of the
waiting time
10) _____________________: to need to pay or give something to someone because they have
lent money to you, or in exchange for something they have done for you
11) _____________________: in a morally or legally correct way
12) _____________________: a period of two weeks
13) _____________________: to be important or interesting enough to receive a particular
action
14) _____________________: to fail to use an opportunity to enjoy or get an advantage from
something
refund: ____________________________________________________________________.
claim: ______________________________________________________________________.
fortnight: ___________________________________________________________________.
to be worth: ________________________________________________________________.
toilsome: ___________________________________________________________________.
confound: __________________________________________________________________.
delay: ______________________________________________________________________.
compensation: ______________________________________________________________.
let go: _____________________________________________________________________.
gifted: _____________________________________________________________________.
rightfully: ___________________________________________________________________.
tricky: _____________________________________________________________________.
owe: ______________________________________________________________________.
miss out on: ________________________________________________________________.

CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: compensation, claimed, refund, toilsome, is worth, fortnight, is worth, miss out on, tricky, let the
past go, owe, delay, gifted, rightfully, confounded
B: gifted, toilsome, confound, tricky, let it go, compensation, claim, refund, delay, owe, rightfully,
fortnight, to be worth, miss out on
Advanced Set 8
Target Vocabulary:
epidemic: a large number of cases of a disease that happen at the same time
 salgın
 Over 500 people died during last year’s flu epidemic.
 AIDS has become an epidemic in some countries.
hazardous: dangerous, especially to people’s health or safety
 tehlikeli, zararlı (özellikle maddeler, sağlık vb. konularda)

 The chemicals in paint can be hazardous to health.
 The disposal of hazardous waste must be carefully done.
intestine: the long tube in your body through which food passes after it leaves your stomach
 bağırsak
 Food passes from the stomach to the small intestine and from there to the large intestine.
metabolic: relating to your body’s metabolism
 metabolik, özüştürüm
 Fish normally have a high metabolic rate.
 Exercise can increase your metabolic rate.
paramount: more important than anything else
 en önemli, yüce, üstün, her şeyin ötesinde

 Women’s role as mothers is of paramount importance to society.
 The patients' wishes and needs are paramount and they must always come before our own.
viable: an idea, plan, or method that can work successfully
 uygulanabilir, geçerli, tutarlı

 New projects must be economically viable.
 The sales manager came forward with one viable solution.
 Nuclear energy is the only viable alternative to coal or gas.
brute: a man who is cruel, violent, and not sensitive
 zalim, canavar, vahşi + adam

 Take your hands off me, you brute!
 The father was defined as a brute in the book.

2. simple and not involving any other facts or qualities
 kaba (brute force/strength)

 Instead of brute force, the clever approach would be to attack the weakest point.
 They had to use brute force to knock down the door.
culprit: someone who has done something wrong
 suçlu, zanlı, sorumlu (bir olay veya suçtan)

 Police hope the public will help them to find the culprits.
 Children in this country are getting much too fat, and sugar and sweets are the main culprits.
epidemic hazardous intestine

metabolic paramount viable
brute culprit
1. The function of the stomach is to digest food sufficiently to enable it to pass into the
___________________.
2. Public safety and security are matters of ____________________ importance for any
government. At least it should be.
3. More than 3000 people has died because of the corona ___________________ so far and
the number is increasing every day.
4. The police did everything they could to try and track down the ____________________, but
he was never caught.
5. In the end they had to use ___________________ force to kick him out of the restaurant
since he was bothering everyone there.
6. Historians have portrayed him as a _____________________ who caused millions of death.
7. We want to make public transport a ________________________ alternative to using cars.
8. The athletes had taken pills to stimulate their _____________________ rate.
9. ____________________ force cannot solve all your problems with people, try talking to
them, understanding them.
10. He got sick because he had been working in ___________________ conditions in the metal
factory.

11. We had two months to come up with a ____________________ proposal for saving the
factory.
12. Your ________________________rate will fall; eating just average amounts of food will tend
to make you fat.
13. Anybody who knows anything about football knows confidence is ______________________
for players. If you lack it, you can do nothing.
14. Lead (=kurşun) is one of the most _____________________ substances known, causing
cancer and nerve damage.

epidemic hazardous intestine
metabolic paramount viable
brute culprit
1) ________________: someone who has done something wrong

2) ________________: an idea, plan, or method that can work successfully
3) ________________: relating to your body’s metabolism
4) ________________: simple and not involving any other facts or qualities
5) ________________: dangerous, especially to people’s health or safety
6) ________________: more important than anything else
7) ________________: the long tube in your body through which food passes after it leaves
your stomach
8) ________________: a man who is cruel, violent, and not sensitive
9) ________________: a large number of cases of a disease that happen at the same time
intestine: __________________________________________________________________________.
epidemic: _________________________________________________________________________.
paramount: ________________________________________________________________________.

brute: ____________________________________________________________________________.
viable: ____________________________________________________________________________.
metabolic: _________________________________________________________________________.
hazardous: ________________________________________________________________________.
culprit: ____________________________________________________________________________.
CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: intestine, paramount, epidemic, culprit, brute, brute, viable, metabolic, brute, hazardous, viable,
metabolic, paramount, hazardous
B: culprit, viable, metabolic, brute, hazardous, paramount, intestine, brute, epidemic

Turkey and Syrian Conflict
Turkey launched a military offensive in
northeastern Syria on October 9, just
days after the Trump administration
announced that it was pulling US troops
back from the area. The offensive was
aimed at pushing Kurdish forces away
from Turkey's border with Syria.
The Syrian Democratic Forces that

operate in the area are US allies. They are
led by the Kurdish People's Protection
Units, which Turkey considers a terrorist
organization affiliated with the separatist
Kurdistan Workers' Party. The Kurds have
long been considered one of
Washington's most reliable partners in Syria and in the broader campaign against the ISIS terrorist
group.
The Syrian Democratic Forces suspended their counter-ISIS operations to deal with the Turkish
offensive. They also struck a deal with the Syrian government, marking a major shift in their country's
eight-year war.
US Vice President Mike Pence announced October 17 that he and Turkish President Recep Tayyip
Erdogan had agreed to a ceasefire halting Turkey's incursion into northern Syria. The Turkish
government is insisting the agreement is not a ceasefire, but only a "pause" on operations in the
region.
Russian President Vladimir Putin and President Erdogan announced a deal October 22 under which
Russian military police and Syrian border guards entered the Syrian side of the Syrian-Turkish border.
They are to remove the YPG and their weapons over the next 150 hours.
Target words:
launch: to begin something such as a plan, an operation etc. or to introduce something new
⇒ başlamak, başlatmak
announce: to make something known or tell people about something officially
⇒ ilan etmek
pull back: to stop supporting or doing something

⇒ geri çekilmek, bırakmak
offensive: used for attacking like in football or in a war 2. very rude or insulting and likely to upset
people
⇒ saldıran, 2. incitici
border: the official line that separates two countries, states, or areas
⇒ sınır
terrorist organization: a group who use violence such as bombing, shooting etc to obtain political
demands
⇒ terörist grup
reliable: someone or something that can be trusted or depended on.
⇒ güvenilir, itimat edilir
suspend: to officially stop something from continuing, especially for a short time
⇒ askıya almak
deal: an agreement or arrangement that both sides are involved and accepted
⇒ anlaşma
ceasefire: an agreement to stop fighting for a period of time, especially so that a more permanent
agreement can be made
⇒ ateşkes
weapon: something that you use to fight with or attack someone with, such as a knife, bomb, or gun
⇒ silah

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
launch announce pull back

offensive x2 border terrorist organization reliable
suspend deal ceasefire weapon
1. She_________________ the winner of the competition to an excited audience

2. Don’t make these cruel jokes to your friends, jokes about personal problems are very
_____________.
3. Cristiano Ronaldo is a very talented ___________________ player. He scores a lot of goals
each year.
4. To cross the ______________ of almost any country, you will need a valid passport.
5. We refuse to strike a deal with the __________________ called PKK.
6. Sales of the drug will be _______________ until more tests are completed
7. After a deal between US and Turkey, a _________________ was announced. Turkey called it
‘’pause’’.
8. The organization has ________________ a campaign to raise $150,000
9. Twelve US soldiers were released after a ________________between the army and the
guerillas.
10. ____________________ is not always a bad move at war, the troops might come back
stronger or hold on to a stronger position against their enemies.
11. The police are allowed to carry a few ________________ with them.
12. My car's quite old, but it's still pretty ________________. I believe that it will take us
wherever we need to go.
launch announce pull back
offensive border terrorist organization reliable
suspend deal ceasefire weapon
1) __________________: an agreement or arrangement that both sides are involved and

accepted
2) __________________: the official line that separates two countries, states, or areas
3) __________________: an agreement to stop fighting for a period of time, especially so that a
more permanent agreement can be made
4) __________________: to officially stop something from continuing, especially for a short
time
5) __________________: something that you use to fight with or attack someone with, such as
a knife, bomb, or gun
6) __________________: someone or something that can be trusted or depended on.
7) __________________: to begin something such as a plan, an operation etc. or to introduce
something new
8) __________________: used for attacking like in football or in a war 2. very rude or insulting
and likely to upset people
9) __________________: to make something known or tell people about something officially
10) __________________: a group who use violence such as bombing, shooting etc to obtain
political demands
11) __________________: to stop supporting or doing something
offensive: __________________________________________________________________.
announce: __________________________________________________________________.
border: ____________________________________________________________________.
launch: ____________________________________________________________________.
suspend: ___________________________________________________________________.
ceasefire: ___________________________________________________________________.
weapon: ___________________________________________________________________.
deal: ______________________________________________________________________.
reliable: ____________________________________________________________________.
pull back: ___________________________________________________________________.
terrorist organization: _________________________________________________________.
CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: announced, offensive, offensive, border, terrorist organization, suspended, ceasefire, launched,

deal, pulling back, weapons, reliable
B: deal, border, ceasefire, suspend, weapon, reliable, launch, offensive, announce, terrorist
organization, pull back
Advanced Set 9
Target Vocabulary:
flammable: something that is flammable burns easily
 yanıcı, alev alabilir vb.

 Caution! Highly flammable liquid.
 The transportation of flammable substances is tightly regulated.
premature: a premature baby is born before the usual time of birth
 erken doğmuş, prematüre, erken

 The baby was six weeks premature.
 There is a risk of premature birth.
2. happening before the natural or proper time
 vaktinden önce, erken

 The order for the attack was too premature and they lost a great deal of man. (=too soon)
 Payton's premature death was caused by lung cancer.
 It would be premature to accuse anyone until the investigation is complete.
underestimate: to think or guess that something is smaller, cheaper, easier etc than it really is
 hafife almak, azımsamak, küçümsemek vb. (duruma göre)

 I wouldn't underestimate her if I were you - she's smarter than you think.
 We underestimated how long it would take to get there.
 They've seriously underestimated the cost of the building project. (eksik değerlendirmek)
overrated: not as good or important as some people think or say
 abartılı, söylendiği kadar iyi olmayan

 I think her books are very overrated.
 In my opinion, she's a hugely overrated singer.
admonish: to tell someone severely that they have done something wrong
 ihtar etmek, kulağını çekmek, (sertçe) uyarmak

 His mother admonished him for eating too quickly.
 Her teacher admonished her to work harder for her exams.
sneak: to go somewhere secretly and quietly in order to avoid being seen or heard

 gizlice, sinsice; girmek-çıkmak-sokulmak vb. + sıvışmak
 They sneaked off without paying!
 The thieves sneaked in while the guard had his back turned.
 I felt like I had sneaked in.
 A guy sneak up on to me today, I was really scared.
sparkle: to shine in small bright flashes
 parıldamak, parlamak
 Her eyes were sparkling with excitement and anticipation.
 Dwayne's eyes sparkled as he laughed.
 April sunlight sparkled over the water, dancing across snow-covered fields.
demolish: to completely destroy a building
 yıkmak, tamamen yıkmak; imha etmek

 A number of houses were demolished so that the supermarket could be built.
 The explosion virtually demolished several nearby houses.
2. to prove that an idea or opinion is completely wrong
 çürütmek
 He demolished my argument in minutes.
 The evidence demolished the attorney's case.
flammable premature underestimate

overrated admonish sneak
sparkle demolish
1. Her baby was _____________________ and weighed only 2kg.

2. People often _____________________ the importance of training.
3. And there: the flat-Earth hypothesis was finally ________________________.
4. She wore a diamond necklace, which _____________________ in the light of the fire.
5. The influence of the media should never be ________________________.
6. Hydrogen is a highly _____________________ gas. Be careful with it.

7. After seeing the award-winning movie, we decided it was _____________________. We
were so bored that we couldn’t wait until it ended.
8. One by one the old buildings in the city have been _____________________ and replaced
with modern tower blocks.
9. I managed to _____________________ in through the back door while she wasn't looking.
10. You might seem much stronger on paper but never _______________________ your
opponent!
11. But I caught myself, decided not to make __________________ judgments, and tried to
listen as sympathetically as I could.
12. When the children heard about the ice-cream, their eyes _____________________ with
excitement.
13. Many packaging materials contain highly ____________________ substances that could
make a fire suddenly flare up.
14. They _______________________ the old school to build a new one.
15. Don't ______________________ up on me like that! You gave me quite a shock!
16. The coach took a break and _____________________ his players to play better and stick to
the plan.
17. Everyone is asking Jane out these days but I think she is totally ____________________ and I
am much more beautiful than her.
18. He _____________________ out of the house, going out through the back way.
19. Alcoholism is one of the major causes of _____________________ death.

flammable premature underestimate
overrated admonish sneak
sparkle demolish
1) ________________: to completely destroy a building

2) ________________: to tell someone severely that they have done something wrong
3) ________________: to think or guess that something is smaller, cheaper, easier etc. than it
really is
4) ________________: not as good or important as some people think or say
5) ________________: happening before the natural or proper time

6) ________________: something that is flammable burns easily
7) ________________: to shine in small bright flashes
8) ________________: to prove that an idea or opinion is completely wrong
9) ________________: a baby that is born before the usual time of birth
10) ________________: to go somewhere secretly and quietly in order to avoid being seen or
heard
premature: ________________________________________________________________________.
underestimate: _____________________________________________________________________.
admonish: _________________________________________________________________________.
demolish: _________________________________________________________________________.
sneak: ____________________________________________________________________________.
overrated: _________________________________________________________________________.
sparkle: ___________________________________________________________________________.
flammable: ________________________________________________________________________.
CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: premature, underestimate, demolished, sparkled, underestimated, flammable, overrated,

demolished, sneak, underestimate, premature, sparkled, flammable, demolished, sneak,
admonished, overrated, sneaked, premature
B: demolish, admonish, underestimate, overrated, premature, flammable, sparkle, demolish,

premature, sneak

Afyonkarahisar enters
UNESCO list with renowned
cuisine
Another Turkish city
entered UNESCO's Creative Cities
Network with its world-renowned
cuisine.
Following footprints of the

southeastern Gaziantep and
southern Hatay provinces,
western Afyonkarahisar province
entered the list with its Turkish
delights and more.
Intense efforts by a 24-member team, consisting of the governor's office, municipality, a

development agency and non-governmental organizations, on the province's cuisine have born fruit
Afyonkarahisar's delicacies, including Turkish delight, sucuk -- spicy traditional sausage -- poppy,
keşkek -- a dish made with wheat, beef and butter -- and bread made with potato are close to
becoming a brand.
Ali Gümüşhan, manager of a hotel group in Afyonkarahisar, said the process to enter the list started a
year ago. "Now, our city Afyonkarahisar is proceeding to become a brand city," Gümüşhan said.
Governor Mustafa Tutulmaz also highlighted the city's fame for its hot springs. Noting the
significance of the list, Tutulmaz added: "These things are important for us because our cities need to
become a brand."
Target words:
world-renowned: famous all over the world in a particular area of activity
⇒ dünyaca ünlü
cuisine: a style of cooking
⇒ mutfak (Türk mutfağı vb. gibi)
footprint: a mark made by a foot or shoe (here: cities)
⇒ ayak izi
province: one of the large areas into which some countries are divided, and which usually has its
own local government
⇒ il, eyalet
intense: having a very strong effect
⇒ yoğun
municipality: a city or town with its own local government, or the local government itself
⇒ belediye (kendi yönetimi olan teşkilat veya şehir de olabilir)
non-governmental organization: an organization that tries to achieve social or political aims but is
not controlled by a government
⇒ sivil toplum kuruluşu
spicy: containing strong flavours from spices
⇒ baharatlı
brand: a type of product made by a particular company
⇒ marka
process: a series of actions that are done in order to achieve a particular result
⇒ süreç
highlight: to make a problem or subject easy to notice so that people notice it.
⇒ vurgulamak

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
world-renowned cuisine footprint

province intense municipality x2
non-governmental organization spicy
brand process highlight
1. The __________________ provides services such as water and rubbish collection.

2. Turkish cuisine is ____________________. A lot of people go there to taste their food.
3. They were in an __________________ argument so I left. I didn’t want to get involved.
4. The _______________ of learning a new language is hard but totally worth it.
5. Mavi is a ______________ in Turkey but it’s also known world-wide.
6. LÖSEV is a ______________________ in Turkey. They get support of a lot of people and they
deserve even more with their great work.
7. I am following the _________________ of my father. He used to be a great man once.
8. The report ______________ that violence against women has increased in recent years.
9. Thai cuisine is usually very ______________.
10. The ____________________ of Ankara has announced that students will pay less for
transportation. Ankara ________________ is also the capital of Turkey.

world-renowned cuisine footprint
province intense municipality
non-governmental organization spicy
brand process highlight
1) _________________: having a very strong effect

2) _________________: an organization that tries to achieve social or political aims but is not
controlled by a government
3) _________________: a series of actions that are done in order to achieve a particular result
4) _________________: a mark made by a foot or shoe (here: cities)
5) _________________: one of the large areas into which some countries are divided, and
which usually has its own local government
6) _________________: containing strong flavours from spices
7) _________________: a city or town with its own local government, or the local government
itself
8) _________________: to make a problem or subject easy to notice so that people notice it.
9) _________________: a style of cooking
10) _________________: a type of product made by a particular company
11) _________________: famous all over the world in a particular area of activity
municipality: ________________________________________________________________.
province: ___________________________________________________________________.
cuisine: ____________________________________________________________________.
spicy: ______________________________________________________________________.
intense: ____________________________________________________________________.
brand: _____________________________________________________________________.
process: ____________________________________________________________________.
non-governmental organization: ________________________________________________.
footprint: ___________________________________________________________________.
highlight: ___________________________________________________________________.
world-renowned: ____________________________________________________________.
CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: municipality, world-renowned, intense, process, brand, non-governmental organization,

footprints, highlights, spicy, municipality, province
B: intense, non-governmental organization, process, footprint, province, spicy, municipality,

highlight, cuisine, brand, world-renowned
Advanced Set 10
Target Vocabulary:
refine: to make a substance purer using an industrial process
 arıtmak, rafine etmek

 The oil is piped to the coast, where it is refined.
 Sugar and oil are refined before use.
retreat: to go away from a place or person in order to escape from fighting or danger
 çekilmek, geri çekilmek, gerilemek

 Attacks by enemy aircraft forced the tanks to retreat from the city.
 When he's done something wrong, he retreats to his bedroom.
wreck: to damage something such as a building or vehicle so badly that it cannot be repaired
 enkaz haline getirmek, parçalamak, zarar vermek

 The car was completely wrecked in the accident.
 The ship was wrecked off the coast of Africa. (gemi ise = karaya oturmak)
2. a car, plane, or train that has been damaged very badly, especially in a crash
 enkaz
 He was still alive when they pulled him from the wreck.
 The wreck of Titanic is still in the ocean.
 Bonus: He has been a total wreck since his wife deserted him.
nursery: a place where young children and babies are taken care of while their parents are at work
 kreş
 Does Jake go to a nursery or a child-minder?
2. a room in a house, mall, hospital etc. where small children sleep and play
 çocuk odası, oyun odası, bakım odası vb.

 We've fitted up the spare room as a nursery.
 Does the mall have a nursery?
definitive: firm, final, and complete; not to be questioned or changed
 belirli, tam, kesin, nihai

 There is no definitive scientific evidence that coffee is harmful.
 There are no definitive answers/solutions to this problem.

seizure: a sudden condition in which someone cannot control the movements of their body, which
continues for a short time
 (hastalık) nöbet, kriz

 He had an epileptic seizure.
 She has had no seizures since then, and she is driving for the first time in 21 years.
 I think she is having a seizure.
2. the action of taking something by force or with legal authority
 el koyma
 The judge ordered seizure of his assets totalling £36,200 or Barney would serve a further 18
months in jail.
remorse: a strong feeling of being sorry that you have done something very bad
 pişmanlık, vicdan, vicdan azabı

 Throughout the trial, he had shown no remorse.
 Filled with remorse, Dillon decided to resign.
 She was full of remorse for hurting her family.
refine retreat wreck nursery

definitive seizure remorse
1. The explosion shattered nearby windows and __________________ two cars

2. The army was forced to ____________________ because they were outnumbered by the
enemy forces.
3. When Robbie lost her temper, it was a sudden reaction, short-lived and always followed by
____________________.
4. The police have no _____________________ proof of her guilt.
5. The store has a _____________________ where you can leave your children while you shop
and he can have a good time.
6. A: So what will happen to your little son when you start to work? B: He will go to
__________________.
7. He felt no __________________ for the murders he had committed.

8. The court ordered the ______________________ of his assets within the country.
9. She has had no _____________________ since then, and she is driving for the first time in 21
years.
10. Divers discovered the ____________________ of an old German warship in the deep of Black
Sea.
11. Crude oil is industrially ______________________ to purify it and separate out the different
elements, such as benzene.
12. Have you made your ___________________ decision on your job? Will you quit or keep
working?
13. When she came towards me shouting, I ____________________ behind my desk.
14. The car was a complete ______________________ , but the driver escaped with minor
injuries.
15. She called me just before she committed suicide and I didn’t listen. I am full of
___________________ now, I wish I talked to her.
refine retreat wreck nursery
definitive seizure remorse
1) _________________: to damage something such as a building or vehicle so badly that it

cannot be repaired
2) _________________: a place where young children and babies are taken care of while their
parents are at work
3) _________________: to make a substance purer using an industrial process
4) _________________: firm, final, and complete; not to be questioned or changed
5) _________________: a car, plane, or train that has been damaged very badly, especially in a
crash
6) _________________: to go away from a place or person in order to escape from fighting or
danger
7) _________________: a room in a house, mall, hospital etc. where small children sleep and
play
8) _________________: the action of taking something by force or with legal authority
9) _________________: a strong feeling of being sorry that you have done something very bad
10) _________________: a sudden condition in which someone cannot control the movements
of their body, which continues for a short time

wreck: ____________________________________________________________________________.
definitive: _________________________________________________________________________.
refine: ____________________________________________________________________________.
remorse: __________________________________________________________________________.
retreat: ___________________________________________________________________________.
nursery: ___________________________________________________________________________.
seizure: ___________________________________________________________________________.
CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: wrecked, retreat, remorse, definitive, nursery, nursery, remorse, seizure, seizures, wreck, refined,
definitive, retreated, wreck, remorse
B: wreck, nursery, refine, definitive, wreck, retreat, nursery, seizure, remorse, seizure

Robots: friend or foe?
What is the future of artificial
intelligence (AI)? Will it be possible
for robots to be autonomous? If so,
when will that happen and will it be
a good thing? We asked experts
what they think.
A: I have to admit that the potential

consequences of creating
something that can match or
surpass human intelligence frighten
me. Even now, scientists are
teaching computers how to learn on
their own. At some point in the near
future, their intelligence may well
take off and develop at an ever-increasing speed. Human beings evolve biologically very slowly and
we would be quickly superseded. In the short term, there is the danger that robots will take over
millions of human jobs, creating a large underclass of unemployed people. This could mean large-
scale poverty and social unrest. In the long term, machines might decide the world would be better
without humans.
B: Personally, I think it’s fascinating to consider how we’ll speed up our evolution as a species by
augmenting our bodies. Imagine if you could implant a computer inside our brain! Soon we’ll be able
to do just that and enhance our mathematical ability, audiovisual perception and our memory, and
this idea is only going to become more and more commonplace. AI is also popping up in the world
around us. Recent developments include self-driving cars and drones carrying life-saving equipment
to people at sea. Granted, there have been a few teething problems: one woman who was asleep on
the floor had her hair eaten by her robot vacuum cleaner and there have been fatal accidents with
self-driving cars. But progress always comes at a cost, and for me the advantages far outweigh the
disadvantages.
Target words:
foe: an enemy
⇒ düşman
artificial intelligence: the study of how to make computers do intelligent things that people can do,
such as think and make decisions
⇒ yapay zeka
autonomous: independent; having the ability to work and make decisions by yourself without any
help from anyone else
⇒ özerk
consequence: something that happens as a result of a particular action or set of conditions
⇒ sonuç
on my on: doing something without help of other people
⇒ kendi başıma
evolve: To gradually change over a long period of time
⇒ gelişmek, evrim geçirmek
supersede: to replace something or someone; older, less effective, or less important or official
⇒ birinin yerine geçmek
large scale: involving many people or things, or happening over a large area
⇒ geniş kapsamlı
poverty: the condition of being extremely poor
⇒ fakirlik
unrest: disagreements or fighting between different groups of people
⇒ kargaşa, huzursuzluk
augment: to increase the value, amount, effectiveness etc of something
⇒ arttırmak
implant: to put something into someone’s body by performing a medical operation
⇒ nakletmek
enhance: to improve something
⇒ geliştirmek, genişletmek
perception: the way you think about something and your idea of what it is like
⇒ algı
commonplace: happening or existing in many places, and therefore not special or unusual
⇒ sıradan bir şey
granted: used to admit that something is true, before saying something else about it
⇒ kabul etmek gerekir ki , tamam kabul ….
fatal: resulting in someone’s death
⇒ ölümcül
come at a cost: used for saying that it may not have been worth doing something because so much
has been lost or damaged as a result
⇒ bedel ödemek, her şeyin bir bedeli vardır anlamında.
outweigh: to be greater or more important than something else
⇒ ağır basmak

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
foe artificial intelligence autonomous

consequence on my on evolve supersede
large scale poverty unrest augment implant
enhance perception commonplace granted
fatal come at a cost outweigh
1. The two countries have united against their common _________________.

2. It is feared that the civil ______________ we are now witnessing in this country could lead to
full-scale civil war.
3. Car thefts are ___________________ in this part of town.
4. ___________, many horror films don't make sense until the ending, but they at least provide
a few scares along the way.
5. The rate of _______________ among people is on top because of economic crisis.
6. I have just learned that my dear friend has a ________________ disease. I feel really sorry
for her.
7. These photographs will affect people's ________________of war because they will see how
people suffer during wars.
8. I can do this ______________, I don’t need anybody to help me.
9. If you don’t have anyone to play with, you can play the game against ______________, they
are also called ‘’bots’’.
10. Iron began to ________________ bronze for tool making about 3000 years ago.
11. The positive effects of this particular medicine ________________ its negative effects, in
another words its side effects.
12. We pay performance bonuses that _____________ your annual salary, this way the amount
you earn increases.
13. Many scientists now believe that birds ________________ from dinosaurs.
14. Having many friends is nice but it ___________________, which means you have to deal with
a lot of people and their problems.
15. Surgeons successfully I_____________ an artificial hand to him.
16. If you want to know whether a person friend or __________________, go on a journey with
him.
17. This course has ____________________ my knowledge on how to create artificial
intelligence programs. I know more now.
18. Not every software is an artificial intelligence, it needs to be _______________, which means
it must be able to make its own decisions, not do what you want it to do.
19. Turkey must do _________________ improvements on the education system, the current
system looks ineffective.

foe artificial intelligence autonomous
consequence on my on evolve supersede
large scale poverty unrest augment implant
enhance perception commonplace granted
fatal come at a cost outweigh
1) __________________: to increase the value, amount, effectiveness etc of something

2) __________________: to replace something or someone; older, less effective, or less
important or official
3) __________________: used to admit that something is true, before saying something else
about it
4) __________________: disagreements or fighting between different groups of people
5) __________________: independent; having the ability to work and make decisions by
yourself without any help from anyone else
6) __________________: involving many people or things, or happening over a large area
7) __________________: an enemy
8) __________________: To gradually change over a long period of time
9) __________________: something that happens as a result of a particular action or set of
conditions
10) __________________: doing something without help of other people
11) __________________: to be greater or more important than something else
12) __________________: to put something into someone’s body by performing a medical
operation
13) __________________: the condition of being extremely poor
14) __________________: used for saying that it may not have been worth doing something
because so much has been lost or damaged as a result
15) __________________: happening or existing in many places, and therefore not special or
unusual
16) __________________: resulting in someone’s death
17) __________________: to improve something
18) __________________: the way you think about something and your idea of what it is like
19) __________________: the study of how to make computers do intelligent things that people
can do, such as think and make decisions
enhance: __________________________________________________________________________.
unrest: ____________________________________________________________________________.
superseded: _______________________________________________________________________.
autonomous: ______________________________________________________________________.
granted: __________________________________________________________________________.
come at a cost: _____________________________________________________________________.
large scale: ________________________________________________________________________.
artificial intelligence: ________________________________________________________________.
consequence: ______________________________________________________________________.
evolve: ___________________________________________________________________________.
on my on: _________________________________________________________________________.
commonplace: _____________________________________________________________________.
outweigh: _________________________________________________________________________.
fatal: _____________________________________________________________________________.
perception: ________________________________________________________________________.
implant: ___________________________________________________________________________.
poverty: __________________________________________________________________________.
augment: __________________________________________________________________________.
foe: ______________________________________________________________________________.
CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: foe, unrest, commonplace, granted, poverty, fatal, perceptions, on my own, artificial intelligence,
supersede, outweigh, augment, evolved, comes with a cost, implanted, foe, enhanced, autonomous,
large scale
B: augment, supersede, granted, unrest, autonomous, large scale, foe, evolve, consequence, on my
own, outweigh, implant, poverty, come at a cost, commonplace, fatal, enhance, perception, artificial
intelligence
Advanced Set 11
Target Vocabulary:
phenomenal: very great or impressive
 fevkalade, harika, harikulade, olağanüstü vb.

 There was a phenomenal performance on the stage today.
 California had experienced a phenomenal growth in population.
prosecute: to charge someone with a crime and try to show that they are guilty of it in a court of
law
 dava etmek, dava açmak, yargılamak

 Shoplifters will be prosecuted.
 Buxton is being prosecuted for assault.
abide: If you can't abide someone or something, you dislike them very much
 katlanmak; can’t/ couldn’t abide: katlanamamak

 I can't abide her.
 He couldn't abide laziness.
synthesis: the act of combining different ideas or things to make a whole that is new and different
from the items considered separately
 sentez
 His latest album is a synthesis of African and Latin rhythms.
hospitality: friendly behaviour towards visitors
 misafirperverlik
 Thanks for your hospitality over the past few weeks.
 The local people showed me great hospitality.
outnumber: to be more in number than another group
 sayıca üstün olmak, sayıca çok olmak, fazla gelmek

 Men in prison vastly outnumber women.
 Women teachers outnumber their male colleagues by two to one.
 His troops were hopelessly outnumbered.

fulfill: to do or provide what is necessary or needed
 yerine getirmek, uygulamak, gidermek, karşılamak

 She said the president had failed to fulfill his campaign promises.
 At the age of 45, she finally fulfilled her ambition to run a marathon.
 Much of the electrical equipment failed to fulfill safety requirements.
2. if you fulfil a hope, wish, or aim, you achieve the thing that you hoped for, wished for etc.
 başarmak, bir isteği, arzuyu, amacı yerine getirmek, kendini kanıtlamak vb.
 Being deaf hasn’t stopped Karen fulfilling her ambition to be a hairdresser..
 Her immediate goal was to complete her novel, but her long-term goal was to fulfill her
potential (fulfill herself) as a writer.
conspiracy: a secret plan made by two or more people to do something that is harmful or illegal
 komplo, tezgah, gizli plan-anlaşma

 Reynolds was charged with conspiracy against the government.
 Hitler believed there was a worldwide conspiracy to enslave Germany.
 There have been tons of conspiracy theories about the bombing of 11 September Twin
Towers attack.
 The women were charged with conspiracy to supply heroin.
phenomenal prosecute abide

synthesis hospitality outnumber
fulfill conspiracy
1. Johnson is being ____________________ for a crime under the Trade Descriptions Act.
2. I can't ____________________ that man - he's so self-satisfied.
3. We had a great weekend here, thank you for your ____________________.
4. If you make a promise you should _____________________ it.
5. The jury found that Poindexter was part of a ___________________ to ship arms to Iran.
6. My father was very keen that I should ____________________ my potential.
7. His novels are a rich ____________________ of Balkan history and mythology.
8. They had to retreat because their army was ___________________ by the opponent army.

9. He has a _____________________ memory, he can remember events from 10 years ago in
detail.
10. People who give the police false information will be _____________________.
11. President Kennedy’s assassination inspired a lot of ____________________ theories.
12. We hope the project is an absolutely ___________________ success for him, because he
deserves it very much.
13. Turkish people are known for their ______________________. You will see it if you ever
have chance to visit somewhere there.
14. I imagine a city where bicycles _____________________ cars. It would be nice living in it.
15. This book contains a _____________________ of Eastern and Western philosophical ideas.

phenomenal prosecute abide
synthesis hospitality outnumber
fulfill conspiracy
1) _________________: a secret plan made by two or more people to do something that is

harmful or illegal
2) _________________: to do or provide what is necessary or needed
3) _________________: friendly behaviour towards visitors
4) _________________: If you can't abide someone or something, you dislike them very much
5) _________________: if you fulfill a hope, wish, or aim, you achieve the thing that you hoped
for, wished for etc
6) _________________: to charge someone with a crime and try to show that they are guilty of
it in a court of law
7) _________________: the act of combining different ideas or things to make a whole that is
new and different from the items considered separately
8) _________________: very great or impressive
9) _________________: to be more in number than another group

prosecute: _________________________________________________________________________.
phenomenal: ______________________________________________________________________.
outnumber: ________________________________________________________________________.
conspiracy: ________________________________________________________________________.
fulfill: _____________________________________________________________________________.
abide: ____________________________________________________________________________.
synthesis: _________________________________________________________________________.
hospitality: ________________________________________________________________________.
CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: prosecuted, abide, hospitality, fulfill, conspiracy, fulfill, synthesis, outnumbered, phenomenal,

prosecuted, conspiracy, phenomenal, hospitality, outnumber, synthesis
B: conspiracy, fulfill, hospitality, abide, fulfill, prosecute, synthesis, phenomenal, outnumber

Advanced Set 12
Target Vocabulary:
sarcastic: saying things that are the opposite of what you mean, in order to make an unkind joke or
to show that you are annoyed
 kinayeli, iğneleyici
 A: You are the most helpful person in the world. B: Really? A: No, I was just being sarcastic.
 Was she being sarcastic?
 She was dying to say something sarcastic to him, but bit her tongue and stayed silent.
inventive: able to think of new, different, or interesting ideas
 özgün, yaratıcı
 She has a highly inventive mind.
 If you are working among the brain-team of the company, you’ve got to be inventive or you
get fired.
staple: forming the greatest or most important part of something
 başlıca ürün, başlıca öğe

 Coffee is the staple of this district.
 Jeans are a staple part of everyone's wardrobe.
clockwise: in the same direction as the hands of a clock move
 saat yönünde
 He told the children to start moving clockwise around the room.
 Please turn the key in a clockwise direction.
discord: disagreement or arguing between people
 fikir ayrılığı, uyumsuzluk

 Money is the single biggest cause of discord in marriage.
 There has always been discord over NATO's role in world conflict.
complication: an extra medical problem that makes it more difficult to treat an existing illness
 komplikasyon (=bir ilacın ya da bir hastalığın doğuracağı yan etki.)

 If there are no complications, the doctor says that she'll be able to come home within two
weeks.
 He died from complications of diabetes.

recurrence: an occasion when something that has happened before happens again
 tekrar olma, nüksetme, tekerrür

 Measures must be taken to stop a recurrence of last night’s violence.
 A recurrence of this kind of illness is possible.
sarcastic inventive staple clockwise

discord complication recurrence
1. A: “You look good when your eyes are closed, but you look the best when my eyes closed.”
What do you think he meant? B: That’s a ___________________ quote.
2. As we all know; history is all about ____________________.
3. Coconut is one of the ___________________ exports of the islands.
4. She died from ____________________ of following surgery.
5. Leonardo Da Vinci's drawings show an immensely ____________________ and inquiring
mind.
6. A: Our school is not good enough for your child because he behaves really well and very kind
to everyone at school! You should sign him out to another school. B: Really, is he that good?
A: Can’t you really see I was being ___________________? We have 5 discipline
punishments for him.
7. The family doctor told him to go to the hospital if there was a ____________________ of his
back pain.
8. It is then rotated 90 degrees ______________________ about its lowest corner.
9. The plan to build the highway created ____________________ in our community. Some
people want it and some rightfully ask; do we really need it? How much will it cost to use it?
10. It was a successful operation, we are not expecting any kind of _____________________ but
we will keep your husband in the hospital for 24 hours, just in case, said the doctor.

sarcastic inventive staple clockwise
discord complication recurrence
1) _________________: an occasion when something that has happened before happens again
2) _________________: disagreement or arguing between people
3) _________________: able to think of new, different, or interesting ideas
4) _________________: forming the greatest or most important part of something
5) _________________: an extra medical problem that makes it more difficult to treat an
existing illness
6) _________________: in the same direction as the hands of a clock move
7) _________________: saying things that are the opposite of what you mean, in order to
make an unkind joke or to show that you are annoyed
clockwise: _________________________________________________________________________.
inventive: _________________________________________________________________________.
complication: ______________________________________________________________________.
recurrence: ________________________________________________________________________.
staple: ___________________________________________________________________________.
discord: ___________________________________________________________________________.
sarcastic: __________________________________________________________________________.

CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: sarcastic, recurrence, staple, complications, inventive, sarcastic, recurrence, clockwise, discord,

complications
B: recurrence, discord, inventive, staple, complication, clockwise, sarcastic

The Impact of Telegraph on German Diplomacy
The influence of technology on
diplomacy can be illustrated by
leaked and misunderstood telegrams,
which shaped the history in
unexpected ways. For example, the
1917 Zimmermann telegram (sent by
German foreign minister Arthur
Zimmermann to the German Mission
in Mexico and intercepted by the
British) instructed the German
representative to start negotiating
Mexico's entrance into World War I as
a German ally by offering Mexico control of the US states of New Mexico, Utah and California
after the war. The Zimmermann telegram was leaked at a time when the American public were
still neutral and not ready to join World War I. It prompted the United States to join the Allied
forces.
The most illustrative case study of the influence of the telegraph on diplomacy was the 1914
July crisis that led to the beginning of the World War I. Telegraph messages were being sent
between St. Petersburg, Berlin, Belgrade, Vienna, Paris and other countries involved in the
conflict. However, there was little awareness of how to use the telegraph properly. The Russian
czar sent a conciliatory note to Germany, but the German kaiser had already sent a note that
was not conciliatory at all, thus creating communication confusion and mistrust that contributed
toward escalation and ultimately war. A new technology coupled with human failure led to an
unfortunate outcome.
Target words:
influence: to affect or change how someone or something develops, behaves, or thinks
⇒ etki
illustrate: to show the meaning or truth of something more clearly, especially by giving examples
⇒ örneklerle açıklamak (ve resimleştirmek)
leak: to deliberately give secret information to a newspaper, television company etc
⇒ sızdırmak
intercept: to stop something or someone that is going from one place to another before they get
there
⇒ yolunu kesmek, engel olmak
instruct: to officially tell someone what to do (in the passage) 2. to teach someone something, or
show them how to do something
⇒ talimat vermek, emretmek
negotiate: to discuss something in order to reach an agreement, especially in business or politics
⇒ müzakere etmek
ally: a country that agrees to help or support another country in a war
⇒ müttefik
neutral: not supporting any of the people or groups involved in an argument or disagreement
⇒ tarafsız
case study: a detailed account of the development of a particular person, group, or situation that
has been studied over a period of time
⇒ örnek olay (incelemesi)
properly: correctly, or in a satisfactory way
⇒ düzgün bir şekilde
conciliatory: intended to show that you care about the feelings or opinions of someone who is
angry or upset with you
⇒ uzlaştırıcı, anlaşmaya yönelik
escalation: fighting, violence, or a bad situation becomes much worse
⇒ kızışma
outcome: the final result of a meeting, discussion, war etc
⇒ sonuç
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
influence illustrate leak intercept

instruct negotiate ally neutral
case study properly conciliatory
escalation outcome
1. The police made an attempt to _____________ drugs being smuggled over the border.
2. The British government acted as a ____________ observer during the negotiations between
2 countries.
3. This is an interesting psychiatric ____________ of a child who grew up in wild and started to
act like the other animals she encountered.
4. If you get bitten by a dog, you have to make sure the wound is ________________ cleaned,
or an infection could set in.
5. It was impossible to predict the ______________ of the election.
6. Turkey and USA are so called _____________ but Trump has been threatening Turkey
whenever he wants.
7. If the students fail to understand you, you can try to ________________ the theme you are
talking about.
8. The company fired the managers who had __________________ information to the press
earlier.
9. ______________ of the war in Syria brings no good to anyone except those who run after
political gains.
10. Violence on TV has a bad _________________ on children.
11. Turkey _____________________ with EU for a long time but after receiving too many
requests but no progress at all, they had to give up.
12. The tone of my letter had been friendly and _________________, so I was disappointed by
the cold reply I received.
13. The commander _______________ the soldiers to pull back immediately.

influence illustrate leak intercept
instruct negotiate ally neutral
case study properly conciliatory
escalation outcome
1) ___________________: to discuss something in order to reach an agreement, especially in

business or politics
2) ___________________: to officially tell someone what to do (in the passage) 2. to teach
someone something, or show them how to do something
3) ___________________: the final result of a meeting, discussion, war etc
4) ___________________: a detailed account of the development of a particular person,
group, or situation that has been studied over a period of time
5) ___________________: to stop something or someone that is going from one place to
another before they get there
6) ___________________: to affect or change how someone or something develops, behaves,
or thinks
7) ___________________: not supporting any of the people or groups involved in an argument
or disagreement
8) ___________________: fighting, violence, or a bad situation becomes much worse
9) ___________________: a country that agrees to help or support another country in a war
10) ___________________: intended to show that you care about the feelings or opinions of
someone who is angry or upset with you
11) ___________________: correctly, or in a satisfactory way
12) ___________________: to show the meaning or truth of something more clearly, especially
by giving examples
13) ___________________: to deliberately give secret information to a newspaper, television
company etc
negotiate: _________________________________________________________________________.
intercept: _________________________________________________________________________.
leak: _____________________________________________________________________________.
illustrate: __________________________________________________________________________.
case study: ________________________________________________________________________.
conciliatory: _______________________________________________________________________.
outcome: __________________________________________________________________________.
ally: ______________________________________________________________________________.
neutral: ___________________________________________________________________________.
properly: __________________________________________________________________________.
escalation: _________________________________________________________________________.
instruct: ___________________________________________________________________________.
influence: _________________________________________________________________________.
CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: intercept, neutral, case study, properly, outcome, allies, illustrate, leaked, escalation, influence,
negotiated, conciliatory, instructed
B: negotiate, instruct, outcome, case study, intercept, influence, neutral, escalation, ally, conciliatory,
properly, illustrate, leak
Advanced Set 13
Target Vocabulary:
legitimacy: the quality of being legal
⇒ meşruluk, geçerlilik, yasallık

⇒ At the same time a referendum on his rule should determine the extent of parliament's
legitimacy.
inference: something that you think is true, based on information that you have
⇒ çıkarım, sonuç, netice

⇒ What inferences have you drawn from this evidence?
⇒ They were warned to expect a heavy air attack and by inference many casualties.
(dolayısıyla)
⇒ Julia works at a pet store and owns four cats, a lizard, a dog and a rabbit. The inference is
that Julia is a pet lover.
restrictive: something that is restrictive stops people doing what they want to do
⇒ kısıtlayıcı
⇒ Many members thought the rules were too restrictive.
⇒ Some restrictive diets can be dangerous to your health.
assessment: a process in which you make a judgment about a person or situation, or the judgment
you make
⇒ değerlendirme
⇒ What’s Michael’s assessment of the situation?
⇒ We need a detailed assessment of what this will cost.
⇒ A teacher does a yearly assessment of each child’s progress.
decadent: a person who has fallen into a decadent state (morally or artistically). adj. marked by
excessive self-indulgence and moral decay.
⇒ çökmüş, yozlaşmış, gözden düşen ‘’lüks, şaşalı ama boş’’

⇒ We spent the whole summer drinking, smoking and lying around. It must sound totally
decadent.
⇒ Champagne and chocolates for breakfast - how decadent!
⇒ I started to feel a revulsion against their decadent lifestyle.
diffident: shy and not wanting to make people notice you or talk about you

⇒ pısırık, utangaç, özgüvensiz
⇒ Joe was humble and diffident about his own success.
⇒ Her former classmates say she was shy and diffident in school.
suggestively: in a way that makes people think about sexual things
⇒ manalı, imalı
⇒ He winked suggestively.
⇒ The woman at the restaurant looked at me suggestively and I made a move.
legitimacy inference
restrictive assessment decadent
diffident suggestively
1. The college is not able to expand because of _____________________ planning laws. They
should really make an exception for this great college to expand.
2. He is ______________________ about expressing his opinions in the public.
3. I had to make a quick ____________________ of the situation and act accordingly.
4. The opposition parties do not recognize the political ______________________ of his
government because he gained power via military actions.
5. She moved his body _______________________ as she danced on the stage.
6. If he is guilty then, by _____________________ , so is his wife .
7. If her marriage becomes too ________________________, she will break out and seek new
horizons.
8. Şeyma is often criticized for her _____________________ lifestyle and showing it off at every
chance she gets.
9. Karen bought six lottery tickets the previous day and quit work the next day. The
___________________ that her co-workers made was that she won the lottery.
10. What’s your personal _________________________ of the risks?

legitimacy inference
restrictive assessment decadent
diffident suggestively
1) ________________: shy and not wanting to make people notice you or talk about you
2) ________________: a process in which you make a judgment about a person or situation, or
the judgment you make
3) ________________: something that you think is true, based on information that you have
4) ________________: a person who has fallen into a decadent state (morally or artistically).
adj. marked by excessive self-indulgence and moral decay.
5) ________________: in a way that makes people think about sexual things
6) ________________: something that stops people doing what they want to do
7) ________________: the quality of being legal
decadent: _________________________________________________________________________.
legitimacy: ________________________________________________________________________.
restrictive: _________________________________________________________________________.
suggestively: _______________________________________________________________________.
assessment: _______________________________________________________________________.
inference: _________________________________________________________________________.
diffident: __________________________________________________________________________.

CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: diffident, assessment, inference, decadent, suggestively, restrictive, legitimacy
B: restrictive, diffident, assessment, legitimacy, suggestively, inference, restrictive, decadent,

inference, assessment

Welcoming Orchids into Your Life
Growing orchids could change your life
forever! It has for many people. No other
plant family offers the number and diversity
of breathtaking and intriguing flowers that
orchids do. When you discover that you can
actually grow these exotic plants in your
home and that they are not expensive, your
resistance will be lowered and your chances
of catching the extremely contagious but
wonderful obsession called the ‘Orchid Bug’
are high. In England, and the rest of Europe in
Victorian times, these fabulous plants used to
be only for the eyes of royalty or well-heeled
aristocrats because of the one-time
astronomical prices they commanded at
flower auctions. They were grown in elaborate and costly glasshouses, usually by a staff of
professional growers. However, as times have changed, orchids have entered the mainstream.
They are now the second most popular pot plant in the world and are gaining quickly on the leader
(poinsettia)! Because of new techniques and modern growing methods, award-quality orchids are
available to everyone at prices lower than ever before. You can buy an orchid plant in full bloom for
less than you would pay for a bouquet of flowers from the florist. In addition to the orchids of today
being less expensive, they are also much easier to grow. Some bloom more than once a year and
others have a pleasant smell. And with thousands of hybrids and new ones being produced all the
time, there is an orchid that will strike anyone’s and everyone’s fancy.
Target words:
diversity: the fact of including many different types of people or things
⇒ çeşitlilik
breathtaking: very impressive, exciting, or surprising
⇒ nefes kesici, müthiş
intriguing: something that is intriguing is very interesting because it is strange, mysterious, or

unexpected
⇒ ilgi çekici, merak uyandırıcı
lower: to reduce something in amount, degree, strength etc, or to become less
⇒ indirmek, düşürmek
contagious: usually used for a disease; can be passed from person to person by touch
⇒ bulaşıcı
fabulous: extremely good or impressive
⇒ olağanüstü, mükemmel, rüya gibi
royalty: members of a royal family
⇒ kraliyet ailesi
auction: a public meeting where land, buildings, paintings etc are sold to the person who offers the
most money for them
⇒ açık artırma
mainstream: a way of life considered ordinary or normal and accepted or used by most people
⇒ yaygın yaşam tarzı
florist: someone whose job is to arrange and sell flowers
⇒ çiçekçi
pleasant: enjoyable or attractive in a way that makes you feel pleased and satisfied
⇒ hoş
fancy: a feeling, especially one that is not particularly strong or urgent, that you like someone or
want to have something
⇒ heves, fantezi

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
diversity breathtaking intriguing lower

contagious fabulous royalty
auction mainstream florist
pleasant fancy
1. The view of the hotel and the hotel itself we went to last week was __________________.
Our holiday was like a dream in that hotel.
2. Do they really _______________ the prices during Black Friday? Or is it a lie just to
encourage people do some unnecessary shopping?
3. I sense a _______________ smell, is it your perfume?
4. Bungee Jumping is a _________________ experience, I mean metaphorically and literally 
5. Leukemia (cancer of blood) is not a ______________ disease. People wear those masks to be
protected from their surroundings, microbes, diseases etc.
6. His latest novel has a strong story, with _____________ and realistic characters.
7. A: Why did you two break up? B: Because she thinks she is from _____________ and
considers herself as the princess. That’s why.
8. When you do a brain-storm, the ________________ of people and their ideas really matters.
That’s how you can bring them together and have one strong idea.
9. New laws will allow more disabled people to enter the ________________ of the city.
10. The painting will be sold at _______________ next week. Its starting value is: 50.000 $
11. Laura's taken a _____________to Japanese food.
12. I will go to the ______________ on my way home and buy a bucket of flowers for my wife.
diversity breathtaking intriguing lower
contagious fabulous royalty
auction mainstream florist
pleasant fancy
1) ___________________: a way of life considered ordinary or normal and accepted or used by

most people
2) ___________________: a public meeting where land, buildings, paintings etc are sold to the
person who offers the most money for them
3) ___________________: extremely good or impressive
4) ___________________: a feeling, especially one that is not particularly strong or urgent,
that you like someone or want to have something
5) ___________________: something that is very interesting because it is strange, mysterious,
or unexpected
6) ___________________: members of a royal family
7) ___________________: very impressive, exciting, or surprising
8) ___________________: usually used for a disease; can be passed from person to person by
touch
9) ___________________: someone whose job is to arrange and sell flowers
10) ___________________: to reduce something in amount, degree, strength etc, or to become
less
11) ___________________: enjoyable or attractive in a way that makes you feel pleased and
satisfied
12) ___________________: the fact of including many different types of people or things
lower: _____________________________________________________________________.
diversity: ___________________________________________________________________.
pleasant: ___________________________________________________________________.
auction: ____________________________________________________________________.
mainstream: ________________________________________________________________.
fancy: ______________________________________________________________________.
fabulous: ___________________________________________________________________.
royalty: ____________________________________________________________________.
florist: _____________________________________________________________________.
breathtaking: _______________________________________________________________.
intriguing: __________________________________________________________________.
contagious: _________________________________________________________________.
CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: fabulous, lower, pleasant, breathtaking, contagious, intriguing, royalty, diversity, mainstream,

auction, fancy, florist
B: mainstream, auction, fabulous, fancy, intriguing, royalty, breathtaking, contagious, florist, lower,
pleasant, diversity
Advanced Set 14
Target Vocabulary:
incredibly: in a way that is hard to believe or extremely
 inanılması güç, inanılmaz bir şekilde, aşırı derecede

 Nicotine is incredibly addictive. (=extremely)
 The knife had pierced his heart, but incredibly he was still alive.
safely: in a way that is safe
 güvenli bir şekilde, dikkatli

 We all arrived safely. (sağ salim)
 Drive safely!
 Are the kids safely fastened into their car seats?
 I think we can safely (= with no risk of being wrong) say they won't find us now.
provided: used to say that something will only be possible if something else happens or is done
 şartıyla, olması durumunda, ancak

 He can come with us, provided he pays for his own meals.
 There's no annual fee provided that you use the credit card at least six times a year.
defy: to refuse to obey a law or rule, or refuse to do what someone in authority tells you to do
 karşı koymak, kafa tutmak, karşı gelmek

 It is rare to see children openly defying their teachers
 Billy defied his mother, and smoked openly in the house.
reinterpret: to think about something, show something, perform something etc in a new way
 yeniden yorumlama
 The book reinterprets the Dracula legend.
 The ancient "Book of Songs" needs to be reinterpreted for the young people.
relieved: feeling happy because you are no longer worried about something
 rahatlamak
 I was relieved to hear that they'd arrived safely.
 His mother was relieved to see him happy again.
 She looked immensely relieved when she heard the news.
embark: to go onto a ship or a plane
 gemiye binmek, uçağa binmek

 We embarked at Liverpool for New York.
 Passengers will have to pay a fee at the airport where they embark.
incredibly safely provided defy

reinterpret relieved embark
1. I think we can ____________________ assume that she will pass the exam.
2. I can lend you some money ___________________ that you give it back to me in a week. I
need it myself as well.
3. Tom Cruise has performed his own stunts for Mission Impossible 2, _____________________
warnings from professionals.
4. I was somewhat _______________________ to hear the wine was £20, not £200 a bottle.
5. Some songs are ______________________ by different singers in different tones like
acoustic or remix etc.
6. We will ______________________ at Miami for our Caribbean cruise.
7. _____________________, no one was hurt in the plane crash. That must be a miracle!
8. Eventually, the pilot managed to land the plane _____________________.
9. The band was ____________________ successful in the eighties, their albums sold millions.
10. He's welcome to come along, _____________________ that he behaves himself.
11. Polly was _____________________ to learn that her mother's illness was not a serious one.
12. If you ______________________ the law, you may find yourself in prison.

incredibly safely provided defy
reinterpret relieved embark
1) ________________: to think about something, show something, perform something etc in a

new way
2) ________________: in a way that is safe
3) ________________: used to say that something will only be possible if something else
happens or is done
4) ________________: to go onto a ship or a plane
5) ________________: to refuse to obey a law or rule, or refuse to do what someone in
authority tells you to do
6) ________________: feeling happy because you are no longer worried about something
7) ________________: in a way that is hard to believe or extremely
reinterpret: ________________________________________________________________________.
safely: ____________________________________________________________________________.
defy: _____________________________________________________________________________.
provided: __________________________________________________________________________.
embark: ___________________________________________________________________________.
relieved: __________________________________________________________________________.
incredibly: _________________________________________________________________________.

CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: safely, provided, defying, relieved, reinterpreted, embark, incredibly, safely, incredibly, provided,
relieved, defy
B: reinterpret, safely, provided, embark, defy, relieved, incredibly

Importance of Protecting
Property Rights
It is not just the rights to solid, visible
property that need to be protected;
ownership of invisible property such as
ideas and artistic creations also require
protection. An inventor has little
incentive to innovate if he knows that
his invention will be seized from him –
depriving him of any reward for his work
– as soon as it is finished. So, for an
economy to function properly,
governments have to ensure they have a
stable system of patents and other
intellectual property rights. Copyright, for example, protects writers, for a set period of time, against
plagiarism.
Intellectual property rights have come under great scrutiny in recent years thanks to the rise of
emerging economies such as China and India. In such countries, regulations and laws on intellectual
property and common standards have proven hard to uphold. As a result, companies have been able
to produce, for example, cheap and unlicensed versions of drugs based on the research and
development of Western pharmacological companies. Although consumers initially welcomed such
projects, there have subsequently been several scares over whether goods produced in these
countries can be trusted. For instance, some counterfeit drugs produced in China have turned out to
have no effect, or even to be harmful. Hence, there must be strict regulations regarding both the use
and selling of these drugs.
Target words:
property: an object or objects that belong to someone
⇒ mal mülk, mülkiyet
invisible: impossible to see
⇒ görünmez
incentive: something that encourages a person to do something
⇒ teşvik
invention: doing something that has never been made before
⇒ buluş, icat
seize: taking possession of something
⇒ ele geçirmek
deprive: to take something, especially something necessary or pleasant, away from someone
⇒ mahrum etmek
intellectual: relating to the ability to understand things and think intelligently
⇒ entelektüel (zeki,eğitimli), düşünsel
property rights: the right to own and make a profit from capital, land etc
⇒ mülkiyet hakları
plagiarism: when someone uses another person’s words, ideas, or work and pretends they are their
own
⇒ intihal, içerik veya eser hırsızlığı
scrutiny: careful and thorough examination of someone or something
⇒ detaylı tetkik
uphold: to defend or support a law, system, or principle so that it continues to exist
⇒ tutmak, savunmak
initially: at the beginning
⇒ başlarda, başlangıçta
subsequently: after an event in the past
⇒ akabinde, sonradan
hence: for this reason
⇒ bu sebeple
strict: a strict order or rule is one that must be obeyed
⇒ katı
regulation: an official rule or order
⇒ yasa, düzenleme
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
property invisible incentive invention

seize deprive intellectual
property rights plagiarism scrutiny uphold
initially subsequently hence
strict regulation
1. Bonus payments provide an _______________ to work harder.

2. The world changed rapidly after the ________________of the phone.
3. Some parents _________________ themselves of many pleasures so that their children can
have the best of everything.
4. We must try to _______________ democracy at all costs.
5. Famous Youtuber Enes Batur is accused of ______________ in many of his youtube videos.
6. Careful ________________ of the company’s accounts revealed a whole series of errors.
7. She already had a lot of experience. ________________, she seemed the best candidate for
the job.
8. _____________, I thought I would only stay there a year, but I stayed for over 10 years.
9. After its initial success in Turkey, the book was ______________ translated into 15
languages.
10. Based on the new _______________, It’s forbidden to smoke in any kind of cars. It means
that you can’t smoke a cigarette in your own car.
11. These bacteria are _________________unless viewed with a microscope
12. This house is my ______________, you can’t get in without my permission.
13. His position in the company will be ______________ from him unless he finds a way to sell
more products.
14. According to intellectual ___________________, you can’t copy or use any of my materials
used in this book without my written permission.
15. There must be ______________ regulations of punishment for those who harm innocent
animals for no good reason.
16. He was among the political and _______________ leaders of his time.

property invisible incentive invention
seize deprive intellectual
property rights plagiarism scrutiny uphold
initially subsequently hence
strict regulation
1) __________________: the right to own and make a profit from capital, land etc
2) __________________: impossible to see
3) __________________: relating to the ability to understand things and think intelligently
4) __________________: something that encourages a person to do something
5) __________________: taking possession of something
6) __________________: to defend or support a law, system, or principle so that it continues to
exist
7) __________________: for this reason
8) __________________: an official rule or order
9) __________________: after an event in the past
10) __________________: doing something that has never been made before
11) __________________: at the beginning
12) __________________: careful and thorough examination of someone or something
13) __________________: a strict order or rule is one that must be obeyed
14) __________________: when someone uses another person’s words, ideas, or work and
pretends they are their own
15) __________________: to take something, especially something necessary or pleasant, away
from someone
16) __________________: an object or objects that belong to someone
deprive: ___________________________________________________________________________.
incentive: _________________________________________________________________________.
seize: _____________________________________________________________________________.
property: __________________________________________________________________________.
plagiarism: ________________________________________________________________________.
property rights: _____________________________________________________________________.
uphold: ___________________________________________________________________________.
scrutiny: __________________________________________________________________________.
strict: _____________________________________________________________________________.
subsequently: ______________________________________________________________________.
regulation: ________________________________________________________________________.
initially: ___________________________________________________________________________.
hence: ____________________________________________________________________________.
intellectual: ________________________________________________________________________.
invisible: __________________________________________________________________________.
invention: _________________________________________________________________________.
CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: incentive, invention, deprive, uphold, plagiarism, scrutiny, hence, Initially, subsequently,

regulations, invisible, property, seized, property rights, strict, intellectual
B: property rights, invisible, intellectual, incentive, seize, uphold, hence, regulation, subsequently,
invention, initially, scrutiny, strict, plagiarism, deprive, property
Advanced Set 15
Target Vocabulary:
avidity: the quality of being extremely eager or interested
 hırs, açgözlülük, büyük istek

 He studied Indian history with avidity.
 So the prevention of the corruption must start from the point of preventing avidity.
disposition: a natural tendency to do something, or to have or develop something
 eğilim, yatkınlık, mizaç-karakter

 Most children have a disposition towards obedience.
 Her cheerful disposition, sympathy, and tact made her popular.
denial: a statement saying that something is not true
 inkar, yalanlama
 The government issued an official denial of the rumour.
 His girlfriend is in denial, and refuses to admit that he will soon die.
restraint: a rule or principle that limits what people can do
 kısıtlama, sınırlama
 Opposition politicians have called for restraints on public spending.
 Prices continued to rise without restraint.
discretion: the right or ability to decide something
 takdir, takdir yetkisi, yetki

 Students can be expelled at the discretion of the principal.
 I leave the decision to your discretion.
2. the ability to behave without causing embarrassment or attracting too much attention,
especially by keeping information secret.
 ketumiyet, ağzı sıkılık

 "Can you trust him with this?" "Yes, he's the soul of discretion (= he will not tell other
people)."
 Don't worry - discretion is my middle name.
outrageous: shocking and morally unacceptable

 şok edici, çığrından çıkmış, aşırı, kabul edilemez
 These prices are just outrageous. (fahiş)
 It is outrageous that these buildings remain empty while thousands of people have no
homes.
 He made outrageous claims.
effort: the physical or mental energy that is needed to do something
 efor, çaba, gayret

 Lou lifted the box easily, without using much effort.
 Learning to speak another language takes effort.
2. an attempt to do something, especially when this involves a lot of hard work or determination
 deneme, çaba, efor

 Please make an effort to be polite.
 Tom’s efforts to stop smoking haven’t been very successful.
 Efforts to save the hospital from closure have been unsuccessful.
avidity disposition denial restraint

discretion outrageous effort
1. Trying to get my mother to change her mind requires considerable ____________________.

2. Teams can't rely solely on fan _____________________, the players must have it in them as
well.
3. Neither side shows the slightest _____________________ to compromise and make a deal.
4. The awards are given at the ____________________ of an objective committee.
5. The CEO issued a _____________________ of the report that she is about to resign.
6. Her spending without _________________________ ran him heavily in debt.
7. Police work involves a considerable degree of flexibility and _____________________.
8. Charges for international telephone calls are particularly _____________________.
9. She made an _____________________ to change the subject of the conversation.
10. This film is not recommended for those of a nervous _______________________.
11. It takes serious and long _________________ to lose weight.

12. He's still in _________________________ about the break-up of his relationship.
13. Newspapers publish these ____________________ stories because they know what their
public wants.

avidity disposition denial restraint
discretion outrageous effort
1) ________________: the physical or mental energy that is needed to do something

2) ________________: the right or ability to decide something
3) ________________: an attempt to do something, especially when this involves a lot of hard
work or determination
4) ________________: a statement saying that something is not true
5) ________________: the ability to behave without causing embarrassment or attracting too
much attention, especially by keeping information secret.
6) ________________: a rule or principle that limits what people can do
7) ________________: a natural tendency to do something, or to have or develop something
8) ________________: shocking and morally unacceptable
9) ________________: the quality of being extremely eager or interested
disposition: ________________________________________________________________________.
restraint: __________________________________________________________________________.
avidity: ___________________________________________________________________________.
denial: ____________________________________________________________________________.
effort: ____________________________________________________________________________.
discretion: _________________________________________________________________________.

outrageous: ________________________________________________________________________.
CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: effort, avidity, disposition-effort, discretion, denial, restraint, discretion-effort, outrageous, effort,

disposition, effort, denial, outrageous
B: effort, discretion, effort, denial, discretion, restraint, disposition, outrageous, avidity

Advanced Set 16
Target Vocabulary:
sensitive: able to understand other people’s feelings and problems
 hassas, duyarlı
 She's very sensitive about her weight.
 The stolen car contained military documents described as very sensitive.
 My experience made me very sensitive to the suffering of others.
 Sex education and birth control are sensitive issues.
disgraceful: bad, embarrassing, or unacceptable
 yakışıksız, utanç verici, ayıp, kabul edilemez

 Their behaviour was absolutely disgraceful.
 It is disgraceful that anyone should have to live in such conditions.
 This cheating is disgraceful.
constructive: useful and helpful, or likely to produce good results
 The meeting was very constructive.

 We welcome any constructive criticism.
 Try to be more constructive and less judgmental in your life and you will see good results
instantly.
injudicious: an injudicious action, remark etc. is not sensible and is likely to have bad results
 yersiz, düşüncesiz
 He has apologized for his injudicious remarks.
 Now would be an injudicious moment to ask for a rise.
prolonged: continuing for a long time
 uzatılmış, bitmek bilmeyen, sürekli

 How are you going to explain your prolonged absence?
 There was a prolonged and bloody battle for independence.
refrain: to not do something that you want to do
 sakınmak, kaçınmak, kendini tutmak

 Please refrain from smoking in this area.
 Kate wanted to slap Keith round the face but she refrained.
unpopular: not liked by most people

 tutulmayan, rağbet görmeyen, popüler olmayan
 The president is becoming increasingly unpopular.
 Night flights from the airport are unpopular.
pavement: a hard level surface or path at the side of a road for people to walk on
 kaldırım
 A small group of journalists waited on the pavement outside her house.
 The car was parked awkwardly across the pavement.
sensitive disgraceful constructive

injudicious prolonged refrain
unpopular pavement
1. She criticized my writing, but in a way that was very __________________ - I learned a lot
from her and recognized my mistakes.
2. I've told you many times not to ride your bike on the _____________________. You are
disturbing people!
3. It is difficult for us to ______________________ from laughing when we are seeing a
comedy.
4. ______________________ exposure to the sun can cause skin cancer.
5. It's _______________________ that rapists are given such short sentences for such awful
crimes.
6. He was very ____________________ about his scar and thought everyone was staring at
him.
7. It was a huge blow to his ego to find out he was so _____________________ among girls.
8. An honourable death is better than a ______________________ life.
9. I am sorry for my ___________________ comments earlier. I realized that it wasn’t my
business and didn’t mean to hurt you.
10. Tom is extremely _____________________ about his hair.
11. There is a need for ______________________ dialogue between leaders. They really need to
stop arguing over twitter.

12. Parents should _____________________ arguing each other too much or talking about too
many problems in front of their children.
13. We deliberately go to beaches which are ___________________ among people because they
become less crowded and peaceful.
14. The minister admitted that highly ____________________ documents had been leaked to
the press.
15. Soldiers were exhausted because of _____________________ wars but they still fought for
their countries, hopelessly.

sensitive disgraceful constructive
injudicious prolonged refrain
unpopular pavement
1) _________________: continuing for a long time

2) _________________: to not do something that you want to do
3) _________________: not liked by most people
4) _________________: useful and helpful, or likely to produce good results
5) _________________: able to understand other people’s feelings and problems
6) _________________: an injudicious action, remark etc. is not sensible and is likely to have
bad results
7) _________________: a hard level surface or path at the side of a road for people to walk on
8) _________________: bad, embarrassing, or unacceptable
disgraceful: ________________________________________________________________________.
injudicious: ________________________________________________________________________.
refrain: ___________________________________________________________________________.

prolonged: ________________________________________________________________________.
unpopular: ________________________________________________________________________.
constructive: _______________________________________________________________________.
pavement: _________________________________________________________________________.
sensitive: __________________________________________________________________________.
CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: constructive, pavement, refrain, prolonged, disgraceful, sensitive, unpopular, disgraceful,

injudicious, sensitive, constructive, refrain, unpopular, sensitive, prolonged
B: prolonged, refrain, unpopular, constructive, sensitive, injudicious, pavement, disgraceful

Advanced Set 17
Target Vocabulary:
conclusion: something you decide after considering all the information you have
 sonuç, karar
 I soon came to the conclusion that she was lying.
 All the evidence pointed to the conclusion that he was guilty.
 It’s important not to jump to conclusions.
undermine: to gradually make someone or something less strong or effective
 zarar vermek (yavaş yavaş/sinsice), sarsmak

 The constant criticism was beginning to undermine her confidence.
 The president has accused two cabinet members of working secretly to undermine his
position/him.
safeguard: to protect something from harm or damage
 korumak
 The industry has a duty to safeguard consumers.
 We need technology that will safeguard the environment.
nervously: feeling or showing that you are worried and anxious
 gergin biçimde, endişeli şekilde

 He laughed nervously.
 He nervously moistened his lips with his tongue.
 Lucy glanced nervously over her shoulder to see who was behind her.
loosely: in a way that is not firm or tight
 gevşek bir şekilde

 She fastened the belt loosely around her waist.
closely: in a way that is directly connected or has a strong relationship
 yakından,yakınen, sıkı sıkı

 English and German are closely related.
 We are working closely with the police.
 We worked together closely for years.

2. carefully and paying attention to details
 yakınen, dikkatli bir şekilde

 Pollution levels are closely monitored.
retention: the continued use, existence, or possession of something or someone
 muhafaza, tutma
 The retention of old technology has slowed the company's growth.
 Officials are focusing on job creation, not job retention.
 Customer retention is the key to profitable growth.
 Retention of our valuable materials is in your responsibility.
conclusion undermine safeguard nervously

loosely closely retention
1. Unfair criticism can _____________________ employees' self-confidence.

2. She has been ____________________ associated with racist organizations in the past. It’s
obvious that she is involved in this one too.
3. Managers are responsible for the safe custody and ___________________ of records.
4. The interest rate decision is being watched ______________________ by investors.
5. I eventually came to the ____________________ that I wanted to study law.
6. The man was walking ___________________ in the hospital corridor while his wife was
giving birth to their child.
7. The country's economic position has been seriously _____________________ by trade wars.
8. The evidence supports the ___________________ that his death was an accident.
9. The ___________________of valuable employees is very important for the company to be
successful unless you really think you can run the company with new amateurs.
10. Unless we fight pollution now, we cannot _________________ our children's future.
11. She wore a scarf ___________________ wrapped around her neck.
12. We watched her ___________________ to make sure her fever did not go up again.

conclusion undermine safeguard nervously
loosely closely retention
1) _________________: the continued use, existence, or possession of something or someone

2) _________________: to protect something from harm or damage
3) _________________: something you decide after considering all the information you have
4) _________________: in a way that is not firm or tight
5) _________________: feeling or showing that you are worried and anxious
6) _________________: in a way that is directly connected or has a strong relationship
7) _________________: to gradually make someone or something less strong or effective
8) _________________: carefully and paying attention to details
nervously: _________________________________________________________________________.
retention: _________________________________________________________________________.
safeguard: _________________________________________________________________________.
closely: ___________________________________________________________________________.
undermine: ________________________________________________________________________.
loosely: ___________________________________________________________________________.
conclusion: ________________________________________________________________________.
CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: retention, safeguard, conclusion, loosely, nervously, closely, undermine, closely
B: undermine, closely, retention, closely, conclusion, nervously, undermined, conclusion, retention,

safeguard, loosely, closely

Advanced Set 18
Target Vocabulary:
apologize: to tell someone that you are sorry that you have done something wrong
 özür dilemek
 I think you should apologize to your brother.
 I apologize for losing my temper.
by heart: when you know something by heart, you remember all of it exactly
 ezbere
 After a few days of phoning Stephanie, he knew her number by heart.
 Actors have to learn their lines by heart. (=ezberlemek)
obsessed: unable to stop thinking about something; too interested in or worried about something
 takıntılı, kafayı takmış

 Why are people so obsessed with money?
 The kids are obsessed with video games.
 She is obsessive about punctuality.
preoccupied: thinking about something a lot, with the result that you do not pay attention to other
things
 dalgın, kafası başka yerde, zihni bir şey ile meşgul olmak (to be preoccupied with)
 What’s wrong with Cindy? She seems a little preoccupied.
 He’s completely preoccupied with all the wedding preparations at the moment.
dazzling: very impressive and attractive
 göz kamaştırıcı, baş döndürücü, büyüleyici

 Johnston showed a dazzling display of football talent.
 She looked dazzling, with her long blonde hair and diamond earrings.
morally: according to moral principles about what is right and wrong
 ahlaksal açıdan, ahlaki yönden, ahlaklı

 What you did wasn’t illegal, but it was morally wrong.
 It is often difficult to behave morally.
recruit: to find new people to work in a company, join an organization, do a job etc

 işe almak
 We’re having difficulty recruiting enough qualified staff.
 We're not recruiting at the moment.
 Have you recruited enough men for the job?
2. someone who has just joined the army, navy, or air force
 çaylak (ordu), acemi er

 New recruits are sent to the Atlanta office for training.
apologize by heart obsessed preoccupied

dazzling morally recruit
1. He ____________________ for being late.

2. For a teacher to hit a child is not just __________________ wrong but also illegal.
3. I can think of nothing else but your __________________ smile. It was so beautiful that I
can’t describe it.
4. My father can still recite the poems he learned _____________________ at school.
5. Mankind has always been ___________________ by power. Have you seen anyone who
doesn’t like or want power?
6. Go easy on him, man. He is just a ___________________ and doesn’t know a thing about the
army and how things are done around here.
7. So far, they have __________________ 10 new sales representatives.
8. The idea of cheating in an exam is ___________________ wrong to me.
9. She's been very ____________________ recently because her mother has been very ill.
10. I don't understand why I need to _____________________, because I didn’t do anything
wrong.
11. I've dialed the number so many times I know it _____________________.
12. She is ___________________ with personal hygiene.
13. We have just seen another ___________________ performance from Messi.
14. A: Have you been listening to me? B: Sorry, I am ___________________ with some troubles
at home.

apologize by heart obsessed preoccupied
dazzling morally recruit
1) _________________: very impressive and attractive

2) _________________: unable to stop thinking about something; too interested in or worried
about something
3) _________________: to tell someone that you are sorry that you have done something
wrong
4) _________________: thinking about something a lot, with the result that you do not pay
attention to other
5) _________________: someone who has just joined the army, navy, or air force
6) _________________: when you know something by heart, you remember all of it exactly
7) _________________: according to moral principles about what is right and wrong
8) _________________: to find new people to work in a company, join an organization, do a
job etc.
preoccupied: _______________________________________________________________________.
by heart: __________________________________________________________________________.
morally: ___________________________________________________________________________.
recruit: ___________________________________________________________________________.
obsessed: _________________________________________________________________________.
dazzling: __________________________________________________________________________.
apologize: _________________________________________________________________________.

CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: apologized, morally, dazzling, by heart, obsessed, recruit, recruited, morally, preoccupied,

apologize, by heart, obsessed, dazzling, preoccupied
B: dazzling, obsessed, apologize, preoccupied, recruit, by heart, morally, recruit

Advanced Set 21
Target Vocabulary:
effortlessly: in a way that is effortless (= seeming not to need any effort)
⇒ çaba harcamadan, uğraşmadan

⇒ These birds can fly almost effortlessly for hours.
revulsion: a strong feeling of shock and very strong dislike
⇒ tiksinme, tepki (ani ve kuvvetli)

⇒ She looked at him with revulsion.
⇒ A little boy had died and, as a mother, I felt horror and revulsion.
single handedly: if one person does something single-handedly, they do it without help from
anyone else
⇒ tek başına
⇒ She brought up three children single-handedly.
⇒ The new product single-handedly saved the firm from oblivion.
horizon: the line at the farthest place that you can see, where the sky seems to touch the land or
sea
⇒ ufuk
⇒ The moon rose slowly above the horizon.
⇒ Doug scanned the horizon for any sign of a rescue boat.
⇒ I hoped that going to university might broaden my horizons.
vehement: showing very strong feelings or opinions
⇒ şiddetli, sert
⇒ Lincoln was a vehement opponent of slavery.
⇒ Despite vehement opposition, the parliament accepted the new law.
embittered: angry, sad, or full of hate because of bad or unfair things that have happened to you
⇒ üzgün, hayata küsmüş, hırçın

⇒ He died a disillusioned and embittered old man.
⇒ Years of caring for her ageing parents and thus having no social life had embittered her.
reproach: to blame or criticize someone in a way that shows you are disappointed at what they
have done

⇒ sitem etmek, serzenişte bulunmak, eleştirmek
⇒ He publicly reproached his son for his behavior.
⇒ He’s still reproaching himself for the accident.
effortlessly revulsion single handedly horizon

vehement embittered reproach
1. When you gain something ____________________, the value of that thing or the person will
not be too high.
2. Despite ______________________ opposition from his family, he quit school and became an
actor.
3. Do you think those are rain clouds on the _____________________?
4. His mother ______________________ him for not eating all his dinner.
5. Most of us feel only ____________________ from crimes such as rape, violence to women,
kidnapping.
6. Steven is an __________________ man who lost a leg while fighting in the war. No one has
been able to cheer him up after that day.
7. Staying a few years abroad definitely broadened my ____________________. I think clearer
more than ever.
8. She _______________________ supported the family after her husband’s death.

effortlessly revulsion single handedly horizon
vehement embittered reproach
1) ________________: a strong feeling of shock and very strong dislike

2) ________________: the line at the farthest place that you can see, where the sky seems to
touch the land or sea
3) ________________: in a way that is effortless (= seeming not to need any effort)

4) ________________: showing very strong feelings or opinions
5) ________________: if one person does something single-handedly, they do it without help
from anyone else
6) ________________: to blame or criticize someone in a way that shows you are disappointed
at what they have done
7) ________________: angry, sad, or full of hate because of bad or unfair things that have
happened to you
single handedly: ____________________________________________________________________.
horizon: ___________________________________________________________________________.
embittered: ________________________________________________________________________.
reproach: _________________________________________________________________________.
revulsion: _________________________________________________________________________.
vehement: _________________________________________________________________________.
effortlessly: ________________________________________________________________________.
CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: effortlessly, vehement, horizon, reproached, revulsion, embittered, horizon, single handedly
B: revulsion, horizon, effortless, vehement, single handedly, reproach, embittered

Advanced Set 22
Target Vocabulary:
exclusive: limited to only one person or group of people
 özel
 This room is for the exclusive use of guest.
 Your password gives you exclusive access to your personal computer files.
2. expensive and only for people who are rich or of a high social class
 ayrıcalıklı, özel
 The pool is for the exclusive use of residents of Springfield.
 Marjorie went to an exclusive girls’ school.
 Some of these kids are from the most exclusive neighbourhoods.
incur: to experience something, usually something unpleasant, as a result of actions you have taken
 (zarara, cezaya, borca vb. maruz kalmak, uğramak)

 We incurred heavy expenses to repair the poor work done by the builder.
 Mr Davila incurred losses of more than $ 170 million in his 1993 copper trading.
invoke: to request help from someone, especially a god, when you want to improve a situation
 yakarmak, yardım istemek

 Their sacred dance is performed to invoke ancient gods.
self- indulgence: allowing yourself to have or do things that you enjoy but do not need, especially if
you do this too often – used to show disapproval
 rahatına düşkünlük, şımarıklık, vurdumduymazlık

 It feels self-indulgent spending so much on a pair of shoes.
 Her mother was doing everything for her and it made her lazy, it made her rather self-
indulgent.
untamed: left in a natural or wild state
 el değmemiş, evcilleştirilmemiş
 Nepal is stunning, with its wild, untamed landscape.
 Untamed horses roamed free in the wilds of the American plains.

solidarity: loyalty and general agreement between all the people in a group, or between different
groups, because they all have a shared aim.
 daynışma, beraberlik
 I come before you today to provide solidariy with the people of New York.
 A lot of people joined with us as an act of solidarity.
casual: not formal or not for a formal situation
 günlük, rahat (giysi)

 Jean felt more comfortable in casual clothes.
2. not serious or considered, or done by chance
 kasıtlı olmayan, tesadüfi, öylesine

 It was just a casual comment, I didn't mean it to be taken so seriously.
3. doing something or using something sometimes but not regularly or often.
 geçici, bazen, öylesine, ara sıra

 Most casual workers are paid by the day or hour.
ingeniously: in a way that is very intelligent and skilful, or skilfully made or planned and involving
new ideas and methods
 ustalıkla, zekice, oldukça …

 The sets of the play are simple but ingeniously efficient.
 Children's rooms were ingeniously designed to promote learning.
exclusive incur invoke

self- indulgence untamed solidarity
casual ingeniously
1. This offer is ____________________ to readers of ‘The Sun’ Newspaper.

2. The false prophets were allowed to ____________________ their god in whatever manner
they pleased.
3. The roof has been _____________________ designed to provide solar heating.
4. After leaving school she has worked in a lot of ____________________ jobs.

5. I had a _________________ conversation with a friend of yours from school and he told me
you don’t study at all. How about that?
6. Philippines is a heaven-like place with its ____________________ nature.
7. Everyone else was in jeans and _____________________ clothes and I had my office clothes
on.
8. I like wearing brands too but paying $4000 for a jacket is just ____________________.
9. The auto manufacturer ___________________ a $843.6 million loss in 1990.
10. They live in an _______________________ suburb on the north side of the city.
11. The situation raises important questions about _____________________ among member
states of the NATO. Do they really protect each other?
12. Unfortunately, I’m not a member of the ____________________ club of millionaires.
13. And unless you got the money by inheriting it or winning a lottery, you've already been
thoroughly trained that ____________________ leads to trouble and you will eventually be
forced to leave your comfort zone.
14. _____________________ dogs can be quite dangerous sometimes.

exclusive incur invoke
self- indulgence untamed solidarity
casual ingeniously
1) ________________: not formal or not for a formal situation

2) ________________: left in a natural or wild state
3) ________________: to experience something, usually something unpleasant, as a result of
actions you have taken
4) ________________: expensive and only for people who are rich or of a high social class
5) ________________: to request help from someone, especially a god, when you want to
improve a situation
6) ________________: not serious or considered, or done by chance
7) ________________: in a way that is very intelligent and skilful, or skilfully made or planned
and involving new ideas and methods
8) ________________: loyalty and general agreement between all the people in a group, or
between different groups, because they all have a shared aim.

9) ________________: doing something or using something sometimes but not regularly or
often.
10) ________________: allowing yourself to have or do things that you enjoy but do not need,
especially if you do this too often – used to show disapproval
11) ________________: limited to only one person or group of people
incur: _____________________________________________________________________________.
exclusive: _________________________________________________________________________.
untamed: _________________________________________________________________________.
casual: ____________________________________________________________________________.
ingeniously: ________________________________________________________________________.
invoke: ___________________________________________________________________________.
self- indulgence: ____________________________________________________________________.
solidarity: _________________________________________________________________________.
CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: exclusive, invoke, ingeniously, causal, casual, untamed, casual, self-indulgence, incurred,

exclusive, solidarity, exclusive, self-indulgence, untamed
B: casual, untamed, incur, exclusive, invoke, casual, ingeniously, solidarity, casual, self-indulgence,
exclusive

Advanced Set 23
Target Vocabulary:
condemn: to criticize something or someone strongly, usually for moral reasons
 kınamak, lanetlemek, ayıplamak

 The terrorist action has been condemned as an act of barbarism and cowardice.
 The Opposition has condemned the government's proposed tax increases.
 The movie was condemned for glorifying violence
indulge: to let yourself do or have something that you enjoy, especially something that is considered
bad for you
 şımartmak
 Even if you’re dieting, you can indulge yourself (=eat what you want) once in a while.
 Ray has enough money to indulge his taste for expensive wines.
inexpensive: not costing a lot of money
 çok pahalı olmayan, ucuz

 It's an inexpensive perfume.
 The furniture is inexpensive but well-made.
ultimate: most extreme or important because either the original or final, or the best or worse
 nihai, son, esas

 The ultimate goal of the military was to restore the democratic government.
 Your ultimate goal is to play the game as well as you can.
 The ultimate decision is usually done by mother in our family.
ambiguous: something that is ambiguous is unclear, confusing, or not certain, especially because it
can be understood in more than one way
 muğlak, belirsiz, birden fazla anlama gelebilen, çelişkili

 The language in the Minister’s statement is highly ambiguous.
 McClane's position in the company is ambiguous.
 His reply to my question was somewhat ambiguous.
conviction: the fact of officially being found to be guilty of a particular crime, or the act of officially
finding someone guilty
 hüküm, hüküm giydirme, suçlu bulma

 Since it was her first conviction for stealing, she was given a less severe sentence.
 The conviction of the three demonstrators has caused public outrage locally.

enforce: to make people obey a rule or law
 tatbik etmek, yerine getirmek, zorla yaptırmak

 Governments make laws and the police enforce them.
 The ban on commercial whaling can only be enforced with the international cooperation.
 The new teacher had failed to enforce any sort of discipline.
stem from: to start or develop as the result of something
 ileri gelmek, -den kaynaklanmak

 Her problems stem from her difficult childhood.
 Their disagreement stemmed from a misunderstanding.
condemn indulge inexpensive

ultimate ambiguous conviction
enforce stem from
1. The laws have been widely _____________________ by human rights groups.

2. Sometimes __________________ clothes turn out to be really good but it’s usually the other
way around.
3. Most people's insecurities _____________________ something that happened in their
childhood.
4. She left a very ___________________ message on the answerphone last night. Does she love
me or hate me? I can’t decide.
5. You have to _____________________ classroom discipline or there is chaos.
6. The ending of the movie ‘’The Inception’’ was rather ____________________. The coin
didn’t drop on the table, so were they still dreaming or waken up?
7. He has a long record of previous ___________________ for similar offences, so he will be in
prison for a while.
8. The president took the unusual step of altering his prepared speech in order to
__________________ the terrorist attack.
9. He told the magazine in an exclusive interview: "All my problems _____________________
drinking".
10. The ____________________ outcome of the experiment cannot be predicted.

11. I am just here to interview you, my manager will make the ____________________ decision
about who to employ.
12. Because of a previous _______________________, the judge refused to grant bail with
money.
13. It is the job of the inspectors to _____________________ compliance with the regulations.
14. When I get my first paycheck I’m going to_____________________ in a shopping spree.
15. If we stay in an ____________________ hotel, our money will be enough for the trip.

condemn indulge inexpensive
ultimate ambiguous conviction
enforce stem from
1) ________________: to make people obey a rule or law

2) ________________: not costing a lot of money
3) ________________: to let yourself do or have something that you enjoy, especially
something that is considered bad for you
4) ________________: something that is unclear, confusing, or not certain, especially because
it can be understood in more than one way
5) ________________: to start or develop as the result of something
6) ________________: the fact of officially being found to be guilty of a particular crime, or the
act of officially finding someone guilty
7) ________________: most extreme or important because either the original or final, or the
best or worse
8) ________________: to criticize something or someone strongly, usually for moral reasons
indulge: ___________________________________________________________________________.
ambiguous: ________________________________________________________________________.

condemn: _________________________________________________________________________.
conviction: ________________________________________________________________________.
stem from: ________________________________________________________________________.
ultimate: __________________________________________________________________________.
inexpensive: _______________________________________________________________________.
enforce: ___________________________________________________________________________.
CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: condemned, inexpensive, stem from, ambiguous, enforce, ambiguous, convictions, condemn,

stem from, ultimate, ultimate, conviction, enforce, indulge, inexpensive
B: enforce, inexpensive, indulge, ambiguous, stem from, conviction, ultimate, condemn

Advanced Set 24
Target Vocabulary:
faithful: remaining loyal to a particular person, belief, political party etc. and continuing to support
them
 vefalı, sadık, güvenilir

 Tom has been a faithful friend.
 He remained faithful to his principles to the last.
 This is our faithful family dog, Bogey.
flow: (especially of liquids, gases, or electricity) to move in one direction, especially continuously and
easily
 akmak
 Lava from the volcano was flowing down the hillside.
 Many short rivers flow into the Pacific Ocean.
 With fewer cars on the roads, traffic is flowing.
2. a smooth steady movement of liquid, gas, or electricity
 (the flow of a river, the flow of traffic, the flow of blood)

 akıntı, akış
 He struggled to swim against the flow of the water.
Bonus: flow of money, flow of people, flow of information etc. is also used with this particular
meaning.
 The number of refugees flowing into the area is still increasing.
slippery: something that is slippery is difficult to hold, walk on etc. because it is wet or greasy
 kaygan
 Be careful - the floor is very slippery.
 The sidewalks were slippery with ice.
hypocrisy: a situation in which someone pretends to believe something that they do not really
believe, or that is the opposite of what they do or say at another time
 iki yüzlülük
 There's one rule for her and another rule for everyone else and it's sheer hypocrisy.
 Why can't politicians just be honest with themselves and stop all this hypocrisy?

duration: the length of time that something continues
 süre, süreç, devam süresi -- süresince, boyunca (özel kullanımlar)

 The course is of three years’ duration.
 I guess we're stuck with each other for the duration of the journey.
 The doctor will ask you about the duration and frequency of your headaches.
decay: to be slowly destroyed by a natural chemical process, or to make something do this
 çürümek
 Her body was already starting to decay.
 Most archaeological finds are broken, damaged, or decayed.
 The leaves decay and enrich the soil.
2. the natural chemical change that causes the slow destruction of something
 çürük, çürüme
 Bacteria stick to food and cause decay.
 Everything in our environment is subject to natural decay.
 Eating too much sugar causes tooth decay.
inconvenience: problems caused by something which annoy or affect you
 sıkıntı, zahmet, rahatsızlık

 We apologise for the delay and any inconvenience caused.
 We had the inconvenience of being unable to use the kitchen for several weeks.
faithful flow slippery hypocrisy

duration decay inconvenience
1. In constantly criticizing others for being intolerant while refusing to hear anyone else's view,
they are guilty of supreme ___________________.
2. Having to wait for ten minutes was a minor ___________________, don’t worry about it.
3. His ____________________ old dog accompanied him everywhere he went.
4. Money has been _____________________ into the country from Western aid agencies.
5. The river ____________________ through three counties before flowing into the sea just
south of here.

6. We apologize for any _____________________ the strike has caused to our customers.
7. I'm amazed at the ______________________ of the man - buying a foreign car after urging
everyone else to buy British products.
8. To avoid injuries, increase the _______________________ of your exercise gradually.
9. The road was wet and ______________________. We are lucky that we didn’t get involved
in an accident.
10. Brushing your teeth regularly helps to fight against tooth ___________________.
11. He planned a stay of two years' _____________________.
12. This drug increases the ________________________ of blood to the heart.
13. Jim was a _____________________, loving and considerate husband.
14. His insomnia continued for the _____________________ of his depression.
15. Some of the apples lying on the ground had already begun to _____________________.
16. If you eat too many sweets, it'll make your teeth _______________________.

faithful flow slippery hypocrisy
duration decay inconvenience
1) ________________: the natural chemical change that causes the slow destruction of
something
2) ________________: a situation in which someone pretends to believe something that they
do not really believe, or that is the opposite of what they do or say at another time
3) ________________: (especially of liquids, gases, or electricity) to move in one direction,
especially continuously and easily
4) ________________: something that is difficult to hold, walk on etc. because it is wet or
greasy
5) ________________: to be slowly destroyed by a natural chemical process, or to make
something do this
6) ________________: a smooth steady movement of liquid, gas, or electricity
7) ________________: the length of time that something continues
8) ________________: problems caused by something which annoy or affect you
9) ________________: remaining loyal to a particular person, belief, political party etc. and
continuing to support them

flow: _____________________________________________________________________________.
hypocrisy: _________________________________________________________________________.
inconvenience: _____________________________________________________________________.
faithful: ___________________________________________________________________________.
slippery: __________________________________________________________________________.
duration: __________________________________________________________________________.
decay: ____________________________________________________________________________.
CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: hypocrisy, inconvenience, faithful, flowing, flows, inconvenience, hypocrisy, duration, slippery,

decay, duration, flow, faithful, duration, decay, decay
B: decay, hypocrisy, flow, slippery, decay, flow, duration, inconvenience, faithful

Advanced Set 25
Target Vocabulary:
betray: to not be loyal to your country or a person, often by doing something harmful such as
helping their enemies
 ihanet etmek, aldatmak

 She had betrayed her parents' trust.
 He was accused of betraying his country during the wa
 For years they betrayed the UK's secrets to Russia
violate: to disobey or do something against an official agreement, law, principle etc
 ihlal etmek
 They were charged with violating federal law.
 It seems that the troops deliberately violated the ceasefire agreement.
vacancy: a space or place that is available to be used
 boş yer, boşluk, boş oda (hotel)

 We wanted to book a hotel room in July but there were no vacancies.
 There is a vacancy for a shop assistant on Saturdays. (müsait pozisyon, iş)
 Does your manager have a vacancy today? I want to set up a meeting.
provocative: behaviour, remarks etc are intended to make people angry or upset, or to cause a lot
of discussion
 provokatif, kışkırtıcı
 The book's provocative statements have led to it being banned in some schools.
 Please be careful agains provocative speeches and actions. We are here in peace!
concisely: in a short and clear way that expresses what needs to be said without unnecessary words
 az ve öz
 The information was presented concisely.
 It was a good idea, concisely and interestingly presented.
intersection: a place where roads, lines etc. cross each other, especially where two roads meet
 kavşak
 Turn left at the intersection onto Mohawken Avenue.
 This intersection is one of the busiest in the city.

interaction: an occasion when two or more people or things communicate with or react to each
other
 etkileşim, karşılıklı etkileşim

 There's not enough interaction between the management and the workers.
 Language games are usually intended to increase student interaction.
 Price is determined through the interaction of demand and supply.
distraction: something that stops you paying attention to what you are doing.
 dikkat dağıtıcı şey, dikkatin dağılması

 I study in the library as there are too many distractions at home.
 I can turn the television off if you find it a distraction.
betray violate vacancy

provocative concisely intersection
interaction distraction
1. My father doesn’t speak very much, it’s a part of his character, but when he does, he speaks
___________________. Everybody understands what he means without any suspicions.
2. There are too many _____________________ in this office - it's hard for me to get anything
done.
3. He promised never to _____________________ his wife
4. The doctor has been accused of ___________________ professional ethics.
5. The dentist can't see you today but she has a ___________________ tomorrow morning.
6. Notes must be written clearly, simply and _____________________. Otherwise there is no
point in taking notes of something.
7. If you go to England to improve your English, social _________________ with other people,
actually whomever you find to talk to, is very important.
8. He ____________________ his friends in order to save his own life.
9. We waited at the ___________________ of Fulton Street and Gough Avenue for the lights to
change.

10. One of the journalists asked a ___________________ question to the coach to see how he
would react. The question was: ‘’Are you absolutely sure that your preferences were 100%
correct?’’.
11. Just ignore the _____________________ and study your lesson. You have an important exam
tomorrow.
12. The motel was full – we saw the "No ___________________" sign.

betray violate vacancy
provocative concisely intersection
interaction distraction
1. ________________: a space or place that is available to be used

2. ________________: to not be loyal to your country or a person, often by doing something
harmful such as helping their enemies
3. ________________: behaviour, remarks etc are intended to make people angry or upset, or
to cause a lot of discussion
4. ________________: something that stops you paying attention to what you are doing.
5. ________________: a place where roads, lines etc. cross each other, especially where two
roads meet
6. ________________: an occasion when two or more people or things communicate with or
react to each other
7. ________________: in a short and clear way that expresses what needs to be said without
unnecessary words
8. ________________: to disobey or do something against an official agreement, law, principle
etc.
intersection: _______________________________________________________________________.
betray: ____________________________________________________________________________.

vacancy: __________________________________________________________________________.
distraction: ________________________________________________________________________.
concisely: _________________________________________________________________________.
violate: ___________________________________________________________________________.
provocative: _______________________________________________________________________.
interaction: ________________________________________________________________________.
CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: concisely, distractions, betray, violating, vacancy, concisely, interaction, betrayed, intersection,

provocative, distractions, vacancy
B: vacancy, betray, provocative, distraction, intersection, interaction, concisely, betray

Advanced Set 26
Target Vocabulary:
relentless: strict, cruel, or determined, without ever stopping
 acımasız, insafsız
 Her critiques were relentless but partially true.
 You have to be as relentless as your rivals if you want to get to the top.
obligation: a moral or legal duty to do something
 yükümlülük, görev, zorunluluk

 Citizens have an obligation to obey the law.
 We have a moral obligation to take care of our environment.
 The company has been unable to meet its financial obligations.
 An accused man is under no obligation to say anything.
unreliable: unable to be trusted or depended on
 güvenilmez, bel bağlanmaz

 I love him but he is very unreliable.
 Managers had complained that the workers were lazy and unreliable.
 The car’s becoming very unreliable.
exceptionally: in a way that is much greater than usual, especially in skill, intelligence, quality, etc.
 son derece, olağanüstü, alışılmadık şekilde

 He is an exceptionally talented teacher.
 The school is for exceptionally gifted musicians.
 I cooked Turkey for the first time and it was exceptionally tasty.
assert: to state firmly that something is true
 ileri sürmek, iddia etmek, söylemek (savunur ve güçlü şekilde)

 He asserted that nuclear power was a safe and non-polluting energy source.
 French cooking, she asserted, is the best in the world.
consecutive: consecutive numbers or periods of time follow one after the other without any
interruptions
 ardışık, ardarda, arka arkaya gelen, üst üste

 It had rained for four consecutive days.
 There are golfers who have dominated certain events with consecutive victories.

allocation: the amount or share of something that has been allocated for a particular purpose
 pay, paylaştırma, ayırma – tahsis

 There needs to be more efficient allocation of financial resources.
relief: a feeling of comfort when something frightening, worrying, or painful has ended or has not
happened
 rahatlama
 I felt a huge surge of relief and happiness.
 After the exam, I felt an incredible sense of relief.
 "James can't come tonight." "Well, that's a relief!"
 We both heaved a sigh of relief when she left.
relentless obligation unreliable

exceptionally assert consecutive
allocation relief
1. You can just look – you’re under no ____________________ to buy.

2. Their son was just a medium-level student at high school but he did
______________________ well at the university.
3. The government has made supplementary _____________________ for education expenses
by 7%.
4. The team lost 10 _______________________ games and the trainer had to resign.
5. The Prime Minister ____________________ that he had no intention of resigning.
6. I wouldn't ask Angie to do it, she's completely ____________________.
7. She breathed a sigh of ____________________ when she finished her exams.
8. She defended her thoughts___________________ well, everyone in the conference was
affected.
9. They were the most _____________________ of all the warriors, not afraid to kill.
10. You have a legal ______________________ to inform the police about the crash.
11. The companies have ____________________that everything they did was complaint with
the trade law.
12. It was such a ______________________ to hear that Marta was found safe and well.
13. We could ask our neighbours to feed the cat, but they're a little ____________________. So
we should think of something else.

relentless obligation unreliable
exceptionally assert consecutive
allocation relief
1) ________________: unable to be trusted or depended on

2) ________________: a feeling of comfort when something frightening, worrying, or painful
has ended or has not happened
3) ________________: in a way that is much greater than usual, especially in skill, intelligence,
quality, etc.
4) ________________: a moral or legal duty to do something
5) ________________: to state firmly that something is true
6) ________________: strict, cruel, or determined, without ever stopping
7) ________________: consecutive numbers or periods of time follow one after the other
without any interruptions
8) ________________: the amount or share of something that has been allocated for a
particular purpose
relief: _____________________________________________________________________________.
assert: ____________________________________________________________________________.
obligation: _________________________________________________________________________.
unreliable: _________________________________________________________________________.
consecutive: _______________________________________________________________________.
allocation: _________________________________________________________________________.
exceptionally: ______________________________________________________________________.
relentless: _________________________________________________________________________.

CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: obligation, exceptionally, allocation, consecutive, asserted, unreliable, relief, exceptionally,

relentless, obligation, asserted, relief, unreliable
B: unreliable, relief, exceptionally, obligation, assert, relentless, consecutive, allocation

Advanced Set 27
Target Vocabulary:
cohesion: (of objects) the state of sticking together, or (of people) being in close agreement and
working well together
⇒ uyuşma - uyum, uyum içinde olma, bağıntı

⇒ We were not a very cohesive family.
⇒ The most important thing is more cohesion within the party to win the next general election.
relatively: quite good, bad, etc. in comparison with other similar things or with what you expect
⇒ görece, nispeten, oranla, göreceli olarak

⇒ These shoes are relatively cheap.
⇒ These beautiful old towns have remained relatively untouched by tourism.
⇒ The new system is relatively easy to use.
almost: nearly, but not completely or not quite
⇒ neredeyse
⇒ Almost nothing was done to improve the situation.
⇒ Supper’s almost ready.
⇒ I’ve almost finished my essay.
⇒ The town was almost entirely destroyed during the war.
expenditure: the total amount of money that a government, organization, or person spends during
a particular period of time
⇒ gider, masraf, harcama

⇒ There have been cuts in local expenditure on education.
⇒ The government has announced a planned 4.4% increase in public expenditure.
abolish: to officially end a law, system etc, especially one that has existed for a long time
⇒ yürürlükten kaldırmak, feshetmek

⇒ Slavery was abolished in the US in the 19th century.
⇒ The unpopular tax was finally abolished some ten years ago.
unleash: to suddenly release a violent force that cannot be controlled
⇒ salmak, serbest bırakmak, başlatmak – birden ortaya çıkarmak- çıkmak

⇒ At worst, nuclear war could be unleashed.

⇒ Aston’s comments unleashed a wave of protest.
⇒ Don’t unleash that dog!
cutting edge: very modern and with all the newest features
⇒ en yeni, en çağdaş, en ileri – en modern vb., en yeni özellikleri barındıran

⇒ We want to be at the cutting edge of this technology.
⇒ This smart TV is cutting edge technology.
cohesion relatively almost expenditure

abolish unleash cutting edge
1. I’ve been a teacher for _____________________ 10 years now.

2. The success of your project depends on the ______________________ of your team. If they
play along and be a real team, you can do anything.
3. Government ___________________ on scientific research has fallen in the last few years.
4. ______________________ all the passengers on the ferry were French, just a few of them
were German.
5. Inheritance tax in Bulgaria was ____________________ in 2005.
6. Many big companies operating in the same area, need the ____________________
equipment and products to compete with each other.
7. Spending on research and development represents 13% of our gross
______________________.
8. It's a ____________________ inexpensive restaurant.
9. There were three questions. The first two were ___________________ easy but the third
one was hard.
10. Samsung and Apple are always in a race to produce the ____________________ phones.
11. The result will now ____________________ furious demands for his resignation.
12. Village Institutions in Turkey were __________________ in 1954 for an unknown political
reason. That was a huge strike on the education system of the country.
13. Get out! Or I'll _____________________ my dog on you.

cohesion relatively almost expenditure
abolish unleash cutting edge
1) ___________________: the total amount of money that a government, organization, or

person spends during a particular period of time
2) ___________________: quite good, bad, etc. in comparison with other similar things or with
what you expect
3) ___________________: nearly, but not completely or not quite
4) ___________________: to suddenly release a violent force that cannot be controlled
5) ___________________: (of objects) the state of sticking together, or (of people) being in
close agreement and working well together
6) ___________________: to officially end a law, system etc, especially one that has existed for
a long time
7) ___________________: very modern and with all the newest features
cutting edge: _______________________________________________________________________.
expenditure: _______________________________________________________________________.
unleash: __________________________________________________________________________.
almost: ___________________________________________________________________________.
cohesion: _________________________________________________________________________.
abolish: ___________________________________________________________________________.
relatively: _________________________________________________________________________.

CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: almost, cohesion, expenditure, almost, abolished, cutting edge, expenditure, relatively, unleash,
abolished, unleash
B: expenditure, relatively, almost, unleash, cohesion, abolish, cutting edge

Advanced Set 28
Target Vocabulary:
irresistible: so attractive, desirable etc that you cannot prevent yourself from wanting it
 karşı konulmaz, dayanılmaz

 Men find Natalie irresistible.
 I wasn’t going to have cake, but the pie was irresistible.
 On such a hot day, the water was irresistible.
accomplish: to succeed in doing something, especially after trying very hard
 başarmak (sonunda), tamamlamak

 Mission accomplished!
 Amy's very proud of what she's accomplished.
 Easy enough to say, but sometimes hard to accomplish!
regulation: an official rule or the act of controlling something
 safety/health/traffic/fire/security regulations
 düzenleme, düzene sokma, yönetmelik - yasa
 Safety regulations are being ignored by company managers in the drive to increase profits.
 The regulations surrounding the handling of nuclear waste are very strict.
 She favors government regulation of health-care systems.
controversy: a lot of disagreement or argument about something, usually because it affects or is

important to many people
 ihtilaf, uyuşmazlık, çekişme, tartışma, anlaşmazlık

 Her latest book has engendered a lot of controversy.
decomposition: the action of decaying, or causing something to decay
 The corpse was in an advanced stage of decomposition.

 The natural decomposition process which occurs in landfills also produces large quantities of
methane and thereby presents a significant explosion hazard.
deduction: the process of using the knowledge or information you have in order to understand
something or form an opinion, or the opinion that you form
 çıkarım yapma
 Children will soon make deductions about the meaning of a word.
 Through a process of deduction, the detectives discovered the identity of the killer.

depiction: the way that something is represented or shown
 tasvir, betim
 The painter's depictions of the horror of war won her a worldwide reputation.
 The depictions of the events and places in the novel was just perfect.
peak: the time when something or someone is best, greatest, highest, most successful etc.
 zirve, en üst nokta, en ….

 The British Empire was at its peak in the mid 19th century.
 Most athletes reach their peak in their mid-20s.
 Hotel rooms are difficult to find at the peak of the holiday season.
 They tried to reach to the peak of the mountain but they failed.
irresistible accomplish regulation

controversy decomposition deduction
depiction peak
1. What exactly do you hope to ______________________ this year? What are your plans?
2. They are introducing new policies and _____________________ for e-commerce because
there have been a lot of credit card thefts.
3. All we can do is to make ____________________ from the available facts.
4. He seems to have reached the _______________________ of his tennis career.
5. Morgues were designed to stay cool to prevent _______________________ of corpses.
6. The popular _______________________ in the community is the question of how much the
government knew about the illegal arms deal.
7. Aside from its cast, the show was lauded for its honest and realistic ___________________
of blue-collar family life.
8. The traffic reaches a ______________________ between 5 and 6 pm.
9. The table was covered with _____________________ chocolate desserts of all descriptions.
10. The new coach told the press that he believed his team could _____________________ great
things.

11. Do you know why Sherlock Holmes is so famous? Let me tell you; because of his insane
ability of ___________________. He can find a criminal from the smallest piece of evidence
or clues.
12. The Beatles were at their _______________________ during the 1960s.
13. With her beauty, wit and charm, he found her _______________________.
14. Hotel kitchens must comply with these hygiene _______________________.
15. The president’s decisions caused a lot ________________________ among people.

irresistible accomplish regulation
controversy decomposition deduction
depiction peak
1) ___________________: the action of decaying, or causing something to decay

2) ___________________: to succeed in doing something, especially after trying very hard
3) ___________________: the process of using the knowledge or information you have in
order to understand something or form an opinion, or the opinion that you form
4) ___________________: so attractive, desirable etc. that you cannot prevent yourself from
wanting it
5) ___________________: the time when something or someone is best, greatest, highest,
most successful etc.
6) ___________________: a lot of disagreement or argument about something, usually
because it affects or is important to many people
7) ___________________: an official rule or the act of controlling something
8) ___________________: the way that something is represented or shown
controversy: _______________________________________________________________________.
accomplish: ________________________________________________________________________.

deduction: _________________________________________________________________________.
depiction: _________________________________________________________________________.
peak: _____________________________________________________________________________.
regulation: ________________________________________________________________________.
decomposition: _____________________________________________________________________.
irresistible: ________________________________________________________________________.
CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: accomplish, regulations, deductions, peak, decomposition, controversy, depiction, peak,

irresistible, accomplish, deduction, peak, irresistible, regulations, controversy
B: decomposition, accomplish, deduction, irresistible, peak, controversy, regulation, depiction

Advanced Set 29
Target Vocabulary:
fertility: the ability of a person, animal, or plant to produce babies, young animals, or seeds
 doğurganlık, üretkenlik
 She was prescribed fertility drugs to stimulate her ovaries.
 The fertility of women who smoke is half that of non-smoking women.
 The fertility of the soil has been greatly improved by the use of pesticides.
enlargement: an increase in size or amount
 genişleme, büyüme, artırma (genişletme-büyütme)

 The meeting discussed the planned enlargement of the company's processing capacity.
 He's working on the enlargement of the business.
fluctuate: if a price or amount fluctuates, it keeps changing and becoming higher and lower
 dalgalanmak, inip çıkmak

 Prices were volatile, fluctuating between $20 and $40.
 The number of children in the school fluctuates around 100.
 It’s not a good time to buy shares when the market fluctuates hard.
deterrent: something that makes someone less likely to do something, by making them realize it will
be difficult or have bad results
 caydırıcı, caydırıcı ‘’şey’’

 The small fines for this type of crime do not act as much of a deterrent.
 Window locks and house alarms are a cheap and effective deterrent.
merge: to combine, or to join things together to form one thing
 birleşmek, birleşme, birleştirmek

 The bank announced that it was to merge with another bank.
 The villages have grown and merged together over the years.
 The stream merges with the river here.
fraud: the crime of deceiving people in order to gain something such as money or goods
 sahtekarlık, dolandırıcılık, kaçakçılık (vergi)

 She was found guilty of fraud.
 He’s been charged with tax fraud.

fugitive: someone who is trying to avoid being caught by the police
 kaçak, kanun kaçağı

 Porter escaped in 1995 and remains a fugitive.
 The fugitive leader was captured last night.
gap: a space between two objects or two parts of an object, especially because something is missing
 boşluk
 She has a small gap between her front teeth.
2. a big difference between two situations, amounts, groups of people etc. or something missing
 boşluk, açıklık, ara(lık), büyük fark

 There’s a big gap between the two test scores.
 A huge gap exists between the life styles of the rich and the poor.
 Picking up speed, she closed the gap between them.
 Forecasters are predicting a budget gap of nearly $17 bn next year.
elevation: the height of a place above the level of the sea
 yükseklik, yükselme
 Atmospheric pressure varies with elevation and temperature.
 Elevation of blood pressure can cause headaches.
donor: a person who gives some of their blood or a part of their body to help someone who is ill
 donör; kan/organ bağışlayan kimse, bağışçı

 After a 10-month wait, a suitable donor was found.
 Are you willing to register as a blood donor?
2. a person, group etc. that gives something, especially money, to help an organization or country
 bağışçı, hayırsever
 The museum received $10,000 from an anonymous donor.
 He was a generous donor to AIDS charities.

fertility enlargement fluctuate deterrent

merge fraud fugitive
gap elevation donor
1. The villagers took ___________________ symbols into the fields to ensure a good harvest.
2. There are plans to ___________________ the two most successful TV channels.
3. The fines are high enough to be an effective ____________________ against over speeding
or drunk driving.
4. The money for the new hospital was put up by an anonymous _____________________.
5. There are not nearly enough organ ______________________.
6. Leave a reasonable _________________ between your TV and the couch to avoid eye
problems.
7. Three men escaped from the prison and were being sought as _____________________.
8. EU carries on its _____________________ process by integrating two more countries to the
union.
9. She began ______________________ treatment at the clinic three years ago to have a baby.
10. The crop is not grown above an ________________________ of 1,000 meters.
11. He had a criminal conviction for credit card ____________________.
12. Share prices on the New York Stock Exchange often ___________________ wildly. So, be
careful when you invest there.
13. Some patients die before a suitable ____________________ is found.
14. You are filling in the __________________ to complete this exercise.
15. The _______________________ between rich and poor is still widening.
16. The firm became the world's largest supplier of online security software when it
___________________ with its rival in a £35m deal
17. Vegetable prices ______________________ according to the season.
18. At higher ______________________, the air is colder.
19. Experts do not agree about whether the death penalty acts as a ___________________ or
not.

20. Utah has the highest _____________________ rate in the country, and the biggest and
youngest households.
21. A new type of _____________________ has emerged in Turkey by calling people, telling
them they are the police and that they are involved in a crime. After that the criminals ask
them to bring all the money they have to them and that’s how it happens. Please don’t
believe this kind of people anymore!
22. AIDS tests are now performed on all people who offer to become blood
_____________________.

fertility enlargement fluctuate deterrent
merge fraud fugitive
gap elevation donor
1) ___________________: the height of a place above the level of the sea

2) ___________________: the crime of deceiving people in order to gain something such as
money or goods
3) ___________________: something that makes someone less likely to do something, by
making them realize it will be difficult or have bad results
4) ___________________: if a price or amount fluctuates, it keeps changing and becoming
higher and lower
5) ___________________: to combine, or to join things together to form one thing
6) ___________________: an increase in size or amount
7) ___________________: a space between two objects or two parts of an object, especially
because something is missing
8) ___________________: a person, group etc. that gives something, especially money, to help
an organization or country
9) ___________________: a big difference between two situations, amounts, groups of people
etc. or something missing
10) ___________________: a person who gives some of their blood or a part of their body to
help someone who is ill
11) ___________________: someone who is trying to avoid being caught by the police
12) ___________________: the ability of a person, animal, or plant to produce babies, young
animals, or seeds

fertility: ___________________________________________________________________________.
deterrent: _________________________________________________________________________.
fugitive: ___________________________________________________________________________.
donor: ____________________________________________________________________________.
elevation: _________________________________________________________________________.
fluctuate: _________________________________________________________________________.
merge: ___________________________________________________________________________.
enlargement: ______________________________________________________________________.
gap: ______________________________________________________________________________.
fraud: ____________________________________________________________________________.
CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: fertility, merge, deterrent, donor, donors, gap, fugitives, enlargement, fertility, elevation, fraud,
fluctuates, donor, gaps, gap, merged, fluctuate, elevations, deterrent, fertility, fraud, donors
B: elevation, fraud, deterrent, fluctuate, merge, enlargement, gap, donor, gap, donor, fugitive,
fertility

Advanced Set 30
Target Vocabulary:
illumination: light
 aydınlatma, ışıklandırma, ışık

 The only illumination was from a skylight in the roof.
 The rooms were flooded with soft illumination.
immunity: the state of being immune to a disease
 bağışıklık
 The vaccination gives you immunity against the disease for up to six months.
2. the state or right of being protected from particular laws or from unpleasant things
 koruma, dokunulmazlık
 Rowe was promised immunity from prosecution if he cooperated.
 Both men were granted immunity from prosecution.
 Ministers have diplomatic immunity.
marrow: soft tissue containing a lot of fat in the center of a bone
 ilik
 I felt frozen to the marrow.
 Our bone marrow contains fat in the form of small globules.
 A lot of innocent kids are waiting for a compliant narrow transplant. We all should consider
donating!
miracle: an unusual and mysterious event that is thought to have been caused by a god because it
does not follow the usual laws of nature
 mucize
 Looking at the state of his car, it's a miracle (that) he wasn't killed!
 I considered my recovery to be a miracle of modern medicine.
notification: official information about something
 bildirim, bilgi
 I was given no prior notification.
 We received official notification that Harry was missing.
 You have 135 notifications on Facebook, is it your birthday or something?
infection: a disease that affects a particular part of your body and is caused by bacteria or a virus

 enfeksiyon
 The baby had an ear infection.
 If you don't clean the wound properly you could get an infection.
 I think you’ve got an infection, so you need to rest.
 He was exposed to the infection while he was travelling in India.
deplete: to reduce the amount of something that is present or available
 azaltmak, bitirmek, tüketmek

 Over the last few years, rainforests have been steadily depleted.
 Now his wife is worse and his savings are depleted.
 Note that B complex vitamins are depleted by nicotine, alcohol, stress, and oral
contraceptives.
inhibition: feeling of shyness or embarrassment that stops you doing or saying what you really want
 utangaçlık, çekingenlik
 She had no inhibitions about saying what she felt.
 Alcohol can make you lose all your inhibitions - but you may regret this the next morning!
illumination immunity marrow

miracle notification infection
deplete inhibition
1. I have just received a ___________________ from dad that our grandmother is about to die
and she wants to see us. Let’s go!
2. White candles, the only ____________________ in the room, burned on the table.
3. He was granted ______________________ from prosecution because he confessed the
names of the other spies.
4. People tend to lose their _____________________ when they’ve drunk a lot of alcohol.
5. As oil reserves are ______________________, its price will continue to rise.
6. Successful applicants will receive ______________________ of our decision within the week.
7. Katz said a newly licensed Hepatitis A vaccine offers lifelong ____________________ to the
virus, but costs $ 100.
8. I’ve got a bad cough, but the doctor says it isn’t a throat ___________________.

9. It's a _____________________ nobody died in the accident.
10. He received two blood transfusions after a bone _____________________ transplant and
wanted the name so he could thank the donor.
11. I was amazed at Sam's lack of ____________________ about singing in public.
12. If we continue to _____________________ the earth's natural resources, we will cause
serious damage to the environment.
13. Antibiotics are used to treat the _____________________.
14. Babies fed on breast milk have higher _____________________ to infection.
15. We had lost all of our hope but a ___________________ happened and we found the
necessary amount of money for the surgery. Thank God!

illumination immunity marrow
miracle notification infection
deplete inhibition
1) __________________: to reduce the amount of something that is present or available

2) __________________: soft tissue containing a lot of fat in the center of a bone
3) __________________: light
4) __________________: an unusual and mysterious event that is thought to have been caused
by a god because it does not follow the usual laws of nature
5) __________________: a disease that affects a particular part of your body and is caused by
bacteria or a virus
6) __________________: the state or right of being protected from particular laws or from
unpleasant things
7) __________________: feeling of shyness or embarrassment that stops you doing or saying
what you really want
8) __________________: official information about something
9) __________________: the state of being immune to a disease

miracle: ___________________________________________________________________________.
infection: __________________________________________________________________________.
deplete: ___________________________________________________________________________.
immunity: _________________________________________________________________________.
notification: _______________________________________________________________________.
inhibition: _________________________________________________________________________.
marrow: __________________________________________________________________________.
illumination: _______________________________________________________________________.
CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: notification, illumination, immunity, inhibition, depleted, notification, immunity, infection,

miracle, marrow, inhibition, deplete, infections, immunity, miracle
B: deplete, marrow, illumination, miracle, infection, immunity, inhibition, notification, immunity

Advanced Set 31
Target Vocabulary:
shrink: to become smaller, or to make something smaller, through the effects of heat or water
 çekmek (çamaşır vb.), küçülmek, daralmak

 I’m worried about washing that shirt in case it shrinks.
 Oh no! My skirt has shrunk!
2. to become or to make something smaller in amount, size, or value
 küçülmek, azalmak, daralmak

 The firm’s staff had shrunk to only four people.
 Treatment can shrink a tumour.
 We want to expand the business, not shrink it.
3. a psychiatrist - used humorously
 psikiyatrist (deli doktoru*)

 I was so depressed that I ended up going to see a shrink.
convey: to communicate or express something, with or without using words
 iletmek, ulaştırmak, ifade etmek

 Art can be used to convey an idea.
 How could he convey his feelings for her?
 The words did not adequately convey how strongly she felt.
outfit: a set of clothes worn together, especially for a special occasion
 kıyafet-kombin, takım
 She bought a new outfit for the party.
 I want to buy a cowboy outfit.
 I love your outfit!
comprise: to consist of particular parts, groups etc.
 kapsamak, içermek, oluşmak

 The house comprises two bedrooms, a kitchen, and a living room.
 The exam comprises four questions.
 Our staff comprises many nationalities.

pit: a large hole in the ground, or a slightly low area in any surface
 çukur
 They'd dug a shallow pit and left the bodies in it.
 The female digs a pit in which to lay the eggs.
saliva: the liquid that is produced naturally in your mouth
 salya, tükürük
 You know how birds use saliva as a glue to hold together their nests?
 The smell of food causes the saliva to flow.
 Insurance companies can use saliva HIV tests, not just blood tests.
erect: to build something such as a building or wall
 dikmek, kurmak, inşa etmek

 Police have erected barriers across the main roads into the town.
 It took a couple of hours to erect the tent.
shrink convey outfit comprise

pit saliva erect
1. Your sweater will ___________________ if you wash it at too high a temperature.

2. They decided to _____________________ a bridge across the Niagara Gorge.
3. He went to another ___________________, who prescribed another set of antidepressants.
4. Italian students ______________________ 60 percent of the class.
5. The course ___________________ a class book, a practice book, and a CD.
6. She went out and spent $200 on a new __________________ for the party.
7. Children sometimes find it easier to use pictures to ___________________ meaning, rather
than words.
8. An enzyme in the _____________________ of the mouth starts the process of breaking
down the food.
9. At the time of the war, many of the dead soldiers were buried in large
_____________________.
10. The company's profits have _______________________ from $5.5 million to $1.25 million.

shrink convey outfit comprise
pit saliva erect
1) __________________: to consist of particular parts, groups etc.

2) __________________: a psychiatrist - used humorously
3) __________________: the liquid that is produced naturally in your mouth
4) __________________: a large hole in the ground, or a slightly low area in any surface
5) __________________: to build something such as a building or wall
6) __________________: a set of clothes worn together, especially for a special occasion
7) __________________: to become or to make something smaller in amount, size, or value
8) __________________: to communicate or express something, with or without using words
9) __________________: to become smaller, or to make something smaller, through the effects
of heat or water
convey: ___________________________________________________________________________.
outfit: ____________________________________________________________________________.
shrink: ____________________________________________________________________________.
erect: _____________________________________________________________________________.
comprise: _________________________________________________________________________.
saliva: ____________________________________________________________________________.
pit: _______________________________________________________________________________.

CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: shrink, erect, shrink, comprise, comprises, outfit, convey, saliva, pits, shrunk
B: comprise, shrink, saliva, pit, erect, outfit, shrink, convey, shrink

Advanced Set 32
Target Vocabulary:
upheaval: a very big change that often causes problems
⇒ büyük değişiklik (ani ve sıkıntı veren)

⇒ Moving house is a major upheaval.
⇒ Yesterday's coup brought further upheaval to a country already struggling with famine.
span: a period of time between two dates or events
⇒ süre, müddet
⇒ Over a span of ten years, the company has made great progress.
⇒ It’ll be difficult to hire that many new staff in such a short time span.
outbreak: a time when something suddenly begins, especially a disease or something else
dangerous or unpleasant
⇒ salgın /ortaya çıkma (istenmeyen bir olay, savaş, hastalık vs.) baş gösterme – patlama
⇒ Thousands of people died as the result of this latest cholera outbreak.
⇒ There's been an outbreak of food poisoning at the hotel.
⇒ They moved out of town a few months after the outbreak of war in Europe.
starve: to suffer or die because you do not have enough to eat
⇒ açlık çekmek, çok açıkmak, açlıktan ölmek

⇒ Thousands of people will starve if food doesn’t reach the city.
⇒ They’ll either die from the cold or starve to death.
unexplained: something that is unexplained is something you cannot understand because you do
not know the reason for it
⇒ açıklanmamış, açıklanamayan (sebebi belli olmayan) ,belirtilmeyen, açıklamasız

⇒ For some unexplained reason, he wants to move to Ipswich.
⇒ Science should explain the observed, not deny the unexplained.
⇒ The death of his first wife remains unexplained.
disapproval: an attitude that shows you think that someone or their behaviour, ideas etc are bad or
not suitable

⇒ onaylamama, hoşnutsuzluk, doğru bulmama
⇒ Clarissa shook her head in disapproval.
⇒ Peter was determined to go to art school, despite his parents' disapproval.
preach: to talk about a religious subject in a public place, especially in a church during a service
⇒ vaaz vermek, öğüt-telkin-tavsiye vermek

⇒ Father Martin preached to the assembled crowd in the church.
⇒ You're always preaching honesty, and then you lie to me.
tempt: to try to persuade someone to do something by making it seem attractive
⇒ ayartmak, cezbetmek, baştan çıkarmak, niyetli olmak, arzu etmek, ilgisini çekmek
⇒ The new program is designed to tempt young people into studying engineering.
⇒ I’m tempted to buy that dress.
⇒ Don’t be tempted into eating that cake, it’s for the guests.
upheaval span outbreak

starve unexplained disapproval
preach tempt
1. Over a ______________________ of just three years, the new government has transformed
the country's economic prospects.
2. Don't be _______________________ into betting money on the horses.
3. There had been three _____________________ fires at the school in the previous six
months.
4. We can't stand by while millions of people ____________________ in Africa.
5. He decided to marry her despite big-time ____________________ of his father.
6. During the ceremony, he ____________________ about the importance of forgiveness.
7. The corona ____________________ has been threatening the world for a few months now.
8. Moving to a different school can be a big ____________________ for young children.
9. Unless these people get food in the next two weeks they will _____________________ to
death.

10. The ___________________ of World War 2 was a disaster for every country involved but
they didn’t know it back then.
11. Mom, stop _______________________ - I'm old enough to take care of myself.
12. They ______________________ him to join the company by offering him a huge salary and a
company car.
13. The students are showing their ____________________ by refusing to attend lectures.

upheaval span outbreak
starve unexplained disapproval
preach tempt
1) __________________: something that you cannot understand because you do not know the
reason for it
2) __________________: a period of time between two dates or events
3) __________________: a time when something suddenly begins, especially a disease or
something else dangerous or unpleasant
4) __________________: an attitude that shows you think that someone or their behaviour,
ideas etc. are bad or not suitable
5) __________________: to talk about a religious subject in a public place, especially in a
church during a service
6) __________________: to try to persuade someone to do something by making it seem
attractive
7) __________________: to suffer or die because you do not have enough to eat
8) __________________: a very big change that often causes problems
span: _____________________________________________________________________________.
starve: ____________________________________________________________________________.

preach: ___________________________________________________________________________.
disapproval: _______________________________________________________________________.
outbreak: _________________________________________________________________________.
unexplained: _______________________________________________________________________.
tempt: ____________________________________________________________________________.
upheaval: _________________________________________________________________________.
CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: span, tempted, unexplained, starving, disapproval, preached, outbreak, upheaval, starve,

outbreak, preaching, tempted, disapproval
B: unexplained, span, outbreak, disapproval, preach, tempt, starve, upheaval

Advanced Set 33
Target Vocabulary:
weary: very tired or bored, especially because you have been doing something for a long time
 bitkin, yourgun, bitap

 I think he's a little weary after his long journey.
 He was weary of the constant battle between them.
 I am sick and weary of all this business.
traitor: someone who is not loyal to their country, friends, or beliefs
 hain, vatan haini

 At the end of the war Mata Hari was hanged as a traitor.
 Nobody's suggesting he is a traitor, he's one of our very best men.
 Whether she is victim or traitor remains unknown.
insoluble: problems that seem impossible to solve
 halledilemez, çözülemez, çözümsüz

 At this point, the crisis appears insoluble.
 The cleaning-up operation after the oil spill will be difficult but not insoluble.
entrepreneur: someone who starts a new business or arranges business deals in order to make
money, often in a way that involves financial risks.
 girişimci, müteşebbis
 Being an entrepreneur is a way of fulfilling your creative potential.
 A few months ago a young property entrepreneur bought a vacant house, redecorated it and
sold it for twice the original value.
pore: one of the small holes in your skin that liquid, especially sweat, can pass through, or a similar
hole in the surface of a plant
 gözenek
 Sweat passes through the pores and cools the body down
lowland: an area of land that is lower than the land around it
 ova
 The fertile lowlands are always the first places to be occupied and Java was no exception.
 These plants are mainly found in lowland areas/regions.

revise: to change something because of new information or ideas
 düzenlemek – gözden geçirmek; gözden geçirerek düzenlemek, yeniden incelemek,

tekrarlamak
 The college has revised its plans because of local objections.
 We have revised our estimates of population growth.
 The mechanism for collecting taxes needs revising.
weary traitor insoluble entrepreneur

pore lowland revise
1. A quick learner and a creative ______________________, he was continually dreaming up

new schemes to promote and enlarge the business.
2. He was asked to ____________________ his proposal before submitting it again.
3. The ______________________ was finally found out and put in prison.
4. He was sweating at every ____________________.
5. Traffic congestion in large cities seems to be an ___________________ problem.
6. He gave his work to his friend to __________________, because he found it hard to see his
own mistakes.
7. I was so ____________________, I fell asleep as soon as I lay down.
8. The Bafra ___________________ in Turkey is very fertile and it is formed by Kızılırmak.
9. The leader of the rebellion was hanged as a ____________________.
10. He’s an _______________________ who made his money in computer software.
11. I've been going out with the same people to the same clubs for years and I’m just
____________________ of it. I want to have new adventures with new people.

weary traitor insoluble entrepreneur
pore lowland revise
1) ____________________: someone who starts a new business or arranges business deals in

order to make money, often in a way that involves financial risks.
2) ____________________: someone who is not loyal to their country, friends, or beliefs
3) ____________________: one of the small holes in your skin that liquid, especially sweat, can
pass through, or a similar hole in the surface of a plant
4) ____________________: to change something because of new information or ideas
5) ____________________: an area of land that is lower than the land around it
6) ____________________: problems that seem impossible to solve
7) ____________________: very tired or bored, especially because you have been doing
something for a long time
traitor: ____________________________________________________________________________.
entrepreneur: ______________________________________________________________________.
lowland: __________________________________________________________________________.
pore: _____________________________________________________________________________.
insoluble: _________________________________________________________________________.
revise: ____________________________________________________________________________.
weary: ____________________________________________________________________________.

CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: entrepreneur, revise, traitor, pore, insoluble, revise, weary, lowlands, traitor, entrepreneur, weary
B: entrepreneur, traitor, pore, revise, lowland, insoluble, weary

Advanced Set 34
Target Vocabulary:
blossom: if trees blossom, they produce flowers
 çiçek açmak
 The apple trees are just beginning to blossom.
 The apple tree was covered in blossom. (noun)
typically: in a way that a person or group is generally believed to behave
 tipik olarak, alışıla geldik şekliyle, genel anlamda

 Typically, he didn’t even bother to tell anyone he was going.
 This disease typically affects young cattle.
perceptive: someone who is perceptive notices things quickly and understands situations, people’s
feelings etc. well – used to show approval
 algısal, algıları açık, sezgileri kuvvetli, hızla anlayabilen, ön görülü

 You’re right. That’s very perceptive of you.
 Her books are full of perceptive insights into the human condition.
 This is a very perceptive assessment of the situation.
rust: to become covered with rust, or to make something become covered in rust
 paslanmak (pas: noun)

 The metal had begun to rust.
 Several of the pipes have rusted and will need to be replaced.
humid: (of air and weather conditions) containing extremely small drops of water in the air
 nemli, rutubetli
 New York is very hot and humid in the summer.
 The forecast is for another hot and humid afternoon today.
garbage: waste material, such as paper, empty containers, and food thrown away
 çöp
 Can you take out the garbage when you go?
 She threw the cheese in the garbage.
2. stupid words, ideas etc.
 çöp, anlamsız şey, saçmalık, aptallık

 You’re talking garbage.

 Don’t read that book, it’s completely garbage.
oblige: to force someone to do something, or to make it necessary for someone to do something
 zorunda bırakmak, mahkum etmek, zorlamak

 The law obliges companies to pay decent wages to their employees.
 Circumstances obliged him to leave town.
 I felt obliged to invite all my friends, although I didn't really want to.
swollen: a part of your body that is bigger than usual, especially because you are ill or injured
 şişmiş
 His eyes were swollen from crying.
 My knee's still really swollen from the accident.
 Your foot will be swollen for a few days but it will pass, don’t worry.
blossom typically perceptive

rust humid garbage
oblige swollen
1. It's _____________________ American to serve all the food for a meal at the same time.
They do the same thing all the time.
2. I like her novels - she's so ______________________ about people's relationships.
3. Never my best feature, my face is still ______________________, up there on the left-hand
side.
4. Years of being left out in the rain had _____________________ the metal chairs.
5. The cherry tree is beginning to _____________________.
6. There will be no regular ___________________ collection on Monday; you need to throw it
away yourself.
7. Her finger was so _______________________ that she couldn't get her ring off.
8. Temperatures were in the high seventies and with the absence of any wind it felt sticky and
_______________________.
9. _____________________, a doctor will see about 30 patients a day.
10. Iron exposed to damp air will ______________________.
11. As a result of falling profits, we were ____________________ to close the factory.

12. Adana, a city in Turkey, is so ____________________ in July-August that it’s unbearable.
13. All household waste should be disposed of in strong ______________________ bags.
14. He talks a lot of ________________________ about education.

blossom typically perceptive
rust humid garbage
oblige swollen
1) ____________________: a part of your body that is bigger than usual, especially because
you are ill or injured
2) ____________________: waste material, such as paper, empty containers, and food thrown
away
3) ____________________: someone who notices things quickly and understands situations,
people’s feelings etc. well – used to show approval
4) ____________________: in a way that a person or group is generally believed to behave
5) ____________________: to become covered with rust, or to make something become
covered in rust
6) ____________________: to force someone to do something, or to make it necessary for
someone to do something
7) ____________________: stupid words, ideas etc.
8) ____________________: (of air and weather conditions) containing extremely small drops
of water in the air
9) ____________________: if trees blossom, they produce flowers
typically: __________________________________________________________________________.
garbage: __________________________________________________________________________.
rust: _____________________________________________________________________________.

perceptive: ________________________________________________________________________.
swollen: ___________________________________________________________________________.
humid: ____________________________________________________________________________.
oblige: ____________________________________________________________________________.
blossom: __________________________________________________________________________.
CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: typically, perceptive, swollen, rusted, blossom, garbage, swollen, humid, typically, rust, obliged,
humid, garbage, garbage
B: swollen, garbage, perceptive, typically, rust, oblige, garbage, humid, blossom

Advanced Set 35
Target Vocabulary:
deformation: a change in the usual shape of something, especially one that makes it worse, or the
process of changing something’s shape
 deformasyon
 The deformation of the bones was caused by poor diet.
 There are some deformations on the furniture but it will do for a while.
equip: to provide a person or place with the things that are needed for a particular kind of activity or
work
 donatmak, kuşanmak, hazırlamak (malzeme vs.), teçhiz giymek

 They spent a lot of money equipping the school with new computers.
 He equipped himself with a hammer and nails.
 Few hotels are better equipped for a Club holiday.
toss: to throw something, especially something light, with a quick gentle movement of your hand
 atmak (yavaşça-rastgele)
 She crumpled the letter and tossed it into the fire.
 He tossed his dirty clothes on the floor.
arouse: to cause someone to have a particular feeling
 uyandırmak
 It's a subject that has aroused a lot of interest.
 Our suspicions were first aroused when we heard a muffled scream.
explorer: someone who travels to places where no one has ever been in order to find out what is
there
 kaşif, keşif yapan kişi

 In the early 1270s, Italian explorer Marco Polo set off on a journey to explore Asia with his
father and uncle.
 French explorers traded with the Indians in many parts of North America.
screwdriver: a tool with a narrow blade at one end that you use for turning screws
 tornavida
 A screwdriver and a hammer are the only tools you need.

 Will you go and fetch me a screwdriver, please?
smash: to break into pieces violently or noisily, or to make something do this by dropping, throwing,
or hitting it
 paramparça etmek, mahvetmek-dağıtmak, parça parça olmak

 Vandals had smashed all the windows.
 The vase fell and smashed into a million tiny pieces.
 He threatened to smash my face in if I didn't give him the money
descend: to go or come down
 inmek, alçalmak
 The path descended steeply into the valley.
 Jane descended the stairs
deformation equip toss

arouse explorer screwdriver
smash descend
1. His strange behaviour _______________________ his neighbours' suspicions.

2. In his autobiography he described his life as an ____________________ in some of the
remotest parts of the earth.
3. We will send it demounted but the bookcase can easily be assembled with a
______________________, you don’t need too many tools.
4. Kate ______________________ the stairs slowly in her wedding gown.
5. I'll _________________________ your ugly face if you don't let me go.
6. I _______________________ a few clothes to the garbage because I don’t use them any
longer.
7. Are there any _____________________ on the seats of the car? It’s important for me.
8. The vase rolled off the edge of the table and _______________________.
9. It's going to cost $4 million to ________________________ the hospital.
10. This road ___________________ to Main Street but you should be careful it’s a little bit
steep.

11. Football ________________________ a good deal of passion among its supporters.
12. All experienced hill climbers are well aware of the dangers of venturing on to the hills
without being properly ________________________ and prepared.
13. Magellan was a famous sixteenth-century _____________________.

deformation equip toss
arouse explorer screwdriver
smash descend
1) ____________________: to go or come down

2) ____________________: a tool with a narrow blade at one end that you use for turning
screws
3) ____________________: to cause someone to have a particular feeling
4) ____________________: a change in the usual shape of something, especially one that
makes it worse, or the process of changing something’s shape
5) ____________________: someone who travels to places where no one has ever been in
order to find out what is there
6) ____________________: to provide a person or place with the things that are needed for a
particular kind of activity or work
7) ____________________: to break into pieces violently or noisily, or to make something do
this by dropping, throwing, or hitting it
8) ____________________: to throw something, especially something light, with a quick gentle
movement of your hand
toss: _____________________________________________________________________________.
deformation: _______________________________________________________________________.
explorer: __________________________________________________________________________.

descend: __________________________________________________________________________.
arouse: ___________________________________________________________________________.
equip: ____________________________________________________________________________.
screwdriver: _______________________________________________________________________.
smash: ____________________________________________________________________________.
CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: aroused, explorer, screwdriver, descended, smash, tossed, deformations, smashed, equip,

descends, arouses, equipped, explorer
B: descend, screwdriver, arouse, deformation, explorer, equip, smash, toss

Advanced Set 36
Target Vocabulary:
infer: to form an opinion that something is probably true because of information that you have
 çıkarım yapmak, anlam çıkarmak, sonucuna varmak

 A lot can be inferred from these statistics.
 From the evidence, we can infer that the victim knew her killer.
heartbeat: the action or sound of your heart as it pumps blood through your body
 kalp atışı
 A baby's heartbeat is nearly twice as fast as an adult's.
 Her heartbeat is only 55 at rest.
 Things can change in a heartbeat. (very quickly) – anında, bir dakika bile düşünmeden
modernize: to make something such as a system or building more modern
 modernize etmek
 They need more funds to modernize the country’s telephone system.
 It was an old farmhouse that had been modernized by the previous owner.
digest: to change food that you have just eaten into substances that your body can use
 sindirmek, hazmetmek
 You shouldn't go swimming until you digest what you’ve eaten.
 How can you expect to digest your food properly when you eat your meals so fast?
2. to understand new information, especially when there is a lot of it or it is difficult to understand
 hazmetmek, özümsemek, sindirmek

 By the end of the day, I had a lot of new information to digest.
 They need time to digest radical change, otherwise their immediate reaction is negative.
unarmed: not carrying any weapons
 silahsız
 They killed unarmed civilians and called them terrorists.
 The soldiers were trained in unarmed combat.
simplify: to make something easier or less complicated
 basitleştirmek

 The whole university admissions procedure has been simplified.
 She took a complex topic and simplified it in a way that we could all understand.
vanish: to disappear suddenly, especially in a way that cannot be easily explained
 yok olmak, ortadan kaybolmak, kaybolmak - uçmak

 My keys were here a minute ago but now they’ve vanished.
 The bird vanished from sight.
 We ran out after the thief, but he had vanished into thin air (= had completely disappeared).
infer heartbeat modernize digest

unarmed simplify vanish
1. We can _____________________ from the archaeological evidence that there was slavery in
Carthage.
2. You might think that you can learn a new language by studying 10 hours a day but it’s not
true; your brain needs time to __________________ what you’ve learned. If you do it too
fast, it won’t happen.
3. Please don’t shoot! I’m ____________________ and don’t pose any kind of danger.
4. The plane _______________________ from radar screens soon after taking off.
5. Don't rush off - let's just sit here a while and ______________________ our food.
6. Troops opened fire on a group of ______________________ demonstrators in the city
center.
7. Our aim was to _______________________ the health service and the hospitals, and we
succeeded.
8. Doctors watched the old man's _____________________ on a monitor and it looked steady.
9. Computers have _____________________ a lot of paper work and among many other things
which used to be very hard to do.
10. The function of the stomach is to ______________________ food sufficiently to enable it to
pass into the intestine.
11. The child ______________________ while on her way home from school. Everybody is
looking for him now.
12. If he asked me to marry him, I'd accept in a ____________________.

13. It seems reasonable to ______________________ that the cause was not sabotage but a
simple accident.
14. I was a little breathless and my ____________________ was bumpy and fast.
15. Look, this is a sophisticated topic. I will do my best to _____________________ it for you, I
hope you can understand.

infer heartbeat modernize digest
unarmed simplify Vanish
1) ____________________: to make something easier or less complicated

2) ____________________: to change food that you have just eaten into substances that your
body can use
3) ____________________: to form an opinion that something is probably true because of
information that you have
4) ____________________: not carrying any weapons
5) ____________________: to disappear suddenly, especially in a way that cannot be easily
explained
6) ____________________: to understand new information, especially when there is a lot of it
or it is difficult to understand
7) ____________________: to make something such as a system or building more modern
8) ____________________: the action or sound of your heart as it pumps blood through your
body
modernization: _____________________________________________________________________.
simplify: __________________________________________________________________________.
digest: ____________________________________________________________________________.
vanish: ____________________________________________________________________________.

unarmed: _________________________________________________________________________.
heartbeat: _________________________________________________________________________.
infer: _____________________________________________________________________________.
CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: infer, digest, unarmed, vanished, digest, unarmed, modernize, heartbeat, simplified, digest,
vanished, heartbeat, infer, heartbeat, simplify
B: simplify, digest, infer, unarmed, vanish, digest, modernize, heartbeat

Advanced Set 37
Target Vocabulary:
enclose: to surround something
⇒ çevrelemek, kuşatmak
⇒ The house has a small backyard, enclosed by a high brick wall.
⇒ The park that encloses the monument has recently been enlarged.
imitate: to copy the way someone behaves, speaks, moves etc, especially in order to make people
laugh
⇒ taklit etmek, benzetmek

⇒ She was a splendid mimic and loved to imitate Winston Churchill.
⇒ She's really good at imitating our teacher's Scottish accent.
disperse: to spread across or move away over a large area, or to make something do this
⇒ dağılmak, dağıtmak
⇒ Police dispersed the crowd that had gathered.
⇒ When the rain came down the crowds started to disperse.
indignant: angry because of something that is wrong or not fair
⇒ kızgın (haksızlıktan dolayı), içerlemiş

⇒ He became very indignant when it was suggested he had made a mistake.
repeal: if a government repeals a law, it officially ends that law
⇒ feshetmek, yürürlükten kaldırmak

⇒ Congress repealed the ban on women flying Naval combat missions.
⇒ Legislators repealed the sales tax.
cognitive: connected with thinking or conscious mental processes
⇒ bilişsel, zihinsel
⇒ Studies show a connection between aerobic exercise and cognitive ability.
⇒ As children grow older, their cognitive processes become sharper.
undo: to remove the effects of something that happened earlier
⇒ yaptığını geri almak

⇒ It’s difficult to undo the damage caused by a father who abandons his child.

⇒ We cannot undo the damage of a lifetime in only 30 days.
2. to unfasten something that is fastened or tied
⇒ açmak, çözmek, çıkarmak vb.

⇒ Can someone help me to undo my seat belt?
⇒ I undid the buttons on my blouse.
⇒ I think it got stuck, can you help me to undo the zip?
airtight: not allowing air to get in or out
⇒ hava geçirmez
⇒ Sealing food in an airtight jar starves the bacteria of oxygen and they are unable to
reproduce.
⇒ Put the cookies in an airtight jar to keep them fresh.
enclose imitate disperse

indignant repeal cognitive
undo airtight
1. Ata Demirer _____________________ Bülent Ersoy so well that sometimes I can’t

understand the difference.
2. The watch is entirely _____________________ in plastic to make it waterproof.
3. Police used tear gas to ______________________ the violent protestors.
4. Biscuits will stay crisp if you keep them in an _____________________ container.
5. He had eaten so much that he had to ____________________ his belt a couple of notches.
6. Educational practice in this country has acknowledged the _____________________ side of
learning but has often neglected the affective side.
7. The garden was completely ___________________ by a high wall.
8. The candidate promised to ________________________ a number of current unfair laws if
he is elected.
9. I know I can’t ___________________ the things I have done to you but I am very sorry. Can
you give me another chance to make it right this time?
10. He gently began to ____________________ the zip at the back of her dress.

11. She wrote an _____________________ letter to the newspaper complaining about the fake
news about her.
12. He has a unique ability to ____________________ any sound he has heard.
13. The convention center has been ______________________ within a 10-foot-high fence in
order to keep out protestors.

enclose imitate disperse
indignant repeal cognitive
undo airtight
1) ___________________: not allowing air to get in or out

2) ___________________: to remove the effects of something that happened earlier
3) ___________________: to spread across or move away over a large area, or to make
something do this
4) ___________________: angry because of something that is wrong or not fair
5) ___________________: if a government repeals a law, it officially ends that law
6) ___________________: to copy the way someone behaves, speaks, moves etc, especially in
order to make people laugh
7) ___________________: to unfasten something that is fastened or tied
8) ___________________: connected with thinking or conscious mental processes
9) ___________________: to surround something
indignant: _________________________________________________________________________.
undo: _____________________________________________________________________________.
cognitive: _________________________________________________________________________.
imitate: ___________________________________________________________________________.

airtight: ___________________________________________________________________________.
repeal: ____________________________________________________________________________.
disperse: __________________________________________________________________________.
enclose: __________________________________________________________________________.
CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: imitates, enclosed, disperse, airtight, undo, cognitive, enclosed, repeal, undo, undo, indignant,
imitate, enclosed
B: airtight, undo, disperse, indignant, repeal, imitate, undo, cognitive, enclose

Advanced Set 38
Target Vocabulary:
attentive: listening to or watching someone carefully because you are interested + making sure
someone has everything they need
 dikkatli, katılımcı, dikkatle dinleyen, özenli - kibar

 The singer likes to have an attentive audience.
 The crew were extremely attentive to the passengers' safety.
 The hotel staff are friendly and attentive.
thrive: to become very successful or very strong and healthy
 başarmak, serpilmek, gelişmek - büyümek

 They established a strong business which managed to thrive during a recession.
 Most herbs need direct sun all day in order to thrive.
surround: to be all around someone or something on every side
 çevrelemek, etrafını sarmak

 The field was surrounded by trees.
 He told a story to the crowd surrounding him.
 Armed police surrounded a house in the High Street.
gem: a jewel (= precious stone), especially when cut into a particular regular shape
 değerli taş, mücevher

 The necklace was studded with diamonds, rubies, and other gems.
spit: to force a small amount of saliva (=the liquid in your mouth) out of your mouth
 tükürmek
 Nick rolled down his window and spat.
 A group of fans spat on the players as they left the field.
allergic: having an allergy or caused by an allergy
 I’m allergic to penicillin.

 Some people have an allergic reaction to nuts.
 Soya milk can cause allergic reactions in some children.
ancient: belonging to a time long ago in history, especially thousands of years ago

 antik, eski, çok eski
 People have lived in this valley since ancient times.
 In ancient Rome, captured generals were paraded through the streets in chairs.
 He's not just old, he's ancient. (antika)
approximately: more or less than a number or amount
 yaklaşık olarak, takriben, aşağı yukarı

 The plane will be landing in approximately 20 minutes.
 How much do you think it will cost, approximately?
 The company had total revenues of approximately $2 million.
attentive thrive surround

gem spit allergic
ancient approximately
1. It is an excellent place for families as the staff is friendly, relaxed and

____________________.
2. The house is ______________________ by trees, so it's not overlooked at all .
3. The disease affects ______________________ 10% of the adult population.
4. A diamond is the hardest, most resilient, most beautiful _____________________ of all.
5. History, _____________________ and modern, has taught these people an intense distrust
of their neighbours.
6. You can even be _____________________ to the sun. If you are, the lights will hurt your eyes
and you will feel exhausted even if you don’t do anything.
7. His business ______________________ in the years before the war.
8. In its new place on the windowsill, the plant is sure to _____________________ and blossom
regularly.
9. Please don’t ____________________ on the streets; it’s both disgusting and illegal.
10. The president was _____________________ by the press and photographers when he was
about to make a statement.
11. We will be there in ______________________ 20 minutes. Can you wait for us?

12. Cats make him sneeze - I think he's _____________________ to the fur.
13. Archaeologists study the remains of ____________________ civilizations.

attentive thrive surround
gem spit allergic
ancient approximately
1) ___________________: to become very successful or very strong and healthy

2) ___________________: having an allergy or caused by an allergy
3) ___________________: more or less than a number or amount
4) ___________________: listening to or watching someone carefully because you are
interested + making sure someone has everything they need
5) ___________________: to force a small amount of saliva (=the liquid in your mouth) out of
your mouth
6) ___________________: belonging to a time long ago in history, especially thousands of years
ago
7) ___________________: a jewel (= precious stone), especially when cut into a particular
regular shape
8) ___________________: to be all around someone or something on every side
thrive: ____________________________________________________________________________.
gem: _____________________________________________________________________________.
allergic: ___________________________________________________________________________.
approximately: _____________________________________________________________________.
ancient: ___________________________________________________________________________.

surround: _________________________________________________________________________.
spit: ______________________________________________________________________________.
attentive: _________________________________________________________________________.
CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: attentive, surrounded, approximately, gem, ancient, allergic, thrived, thrive, spit, surrounded,
approximately, allergic, ancient
B: thrive, allergic, approximately, attentive, spit, ancient, gem, surround

Advanced Set 39
Target Vocabulary:
elect: to choose someone for an official position by voting
 seçmek
 The President is elected for a four-year term of office.
 This was the country’s first democratically elected government.
 We elected him as our representative.
verify: to prove that something exists or is true, or to make certain that something is correct
 doğrulamak
 Under interrogation, she verified (that) the tapes were authentic.
 The results will need to be independently verified by experts.
finite: having a limit or end
 sonu olan, sınırlı

 The funds available for the health service are finite and we cannot afford to waste money
itchy: if part of your body is itchy, it feels slightly unpleasant and you want to rub it with your nails
 kaşınan, kaşındıran
 My eyes sometimes get red and itchy in the summer.
 The sweater was itchy (= made me itch).
eclipse: an occasion when the Sun or the Moon cannot be seen, because the Earth is passing directly
between the Moon and the Sun, or because the Moon is passing directly between the Earth and the
Sun
 tutulma (Ay/Güneş)
 On Wednesday there will be a total/partial eclipse of the sun.
conventional: traditional method, product, practice etc has been used for a long time and is
considered the usual type
 geleneksel, alışılagelmiş
 Bake for 20 minutes in a conventional oven; 8 in a microwave.
 The hospital provides both conventional and alternative medical treatments.
 John is fairly conventional in his tastes.

forbid: to tell someone that they are not allowed to do something, or that something is not allowed
 yasaklamak
 I forbid you to leave this place until I come back. Do you understand?
 The law strictly forbids racial or sexual discrimination.
 Their religion forbids the eating of pork.
 Although we have been strictly forbidden to enter the shed, my sister and I spend a lot of
time in here.
elect verify finite itchy

eclipse conventional forbid
1. Doctors have ______________________ that the injury was indeed work-related.

2. The management ____________________ employees to accept tips from customers.
3. We only have a ______________________ amount of time to complete this task - we can't
continue indefinitely.
4. His doctor had strictly ____________________ him to drink alcohol.
5. Acupuncture may work, but I still believe in a more _____________________ approach to
medicine.
6. In a solar ______________________, the moon travels in between the earth and the sun
7. I must have been bitten by a fly, my arms are ____________________.
8. She was ________________________ as leader of the campaign group.
9. They were unable to produce any statistics or information to ___________________ their
claims.
10. Politicians should be accountable to the public who _____________________ them.
11. The pullover was so __________________ that I had to take it off and buy another from a
random shop.
12. My mother was very _______________________ - she didn't approve of my hippie lifestyle.

elect verify finite itchy
eclipse conventional forbid
1) ___________________: if part of your body is itchy, it feels slightly unpleasant and you want
to rub it with your nails
2) ___________________: having a limit or end
3) ___________________: to choose someone for an official position by voting
4) ___________________: an occasion when the Sun or the Moon cannot be seen, because the
Earth is passing directly between the Moon and the Sun, or because the Moon is passing
directly between the Earth and the Sun
5) ___________________: to prove that something exists or is true, or to make certain that
something is correct
6) ___________________: to tell someone that they are not allowed to do something, or that
something is not allowed
7) ___________________: traditional method, product, practice etc has been used for a long
time and is considered the usual type
verify: ____________________________________________________________________________.
itchy: _____________________________________________________________________________.
forbid: ____________________________________________________________________________.
eclipse: ___________________________________________________________________________.
finite: _____________________________________________________________________________.
conventional: ______________________________________________________________________.
elect: _____________________________________________________________________________.

CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: verified, forbids, finite, forbidden, conventional, eclipse, itchy, elected, verify, elected - elects,
itchy, conventional
B: itchy, finite, elect, eclipse, verify, forbid, conventional

Advanced Set 40
Target Vocabulary:
redundant: (especially of a word, phrase, etc.) unnecessary because it is more than is needed
 gereksiz, lüzumsuz
 In the sentence "She is a single unmarried woman", the word "unmarried" is redundant.
 To keep the company alive, half the workforce is being made redundant. (işten çıkarmak)
lame: an excuse or explanation is weak and difficult to believe.
 ezik, yetersiz, kusurlu, saçma sapan vb.

 You are so lame!
 That’s a lame song, why would anyone listen to it?
 Saying she’d lost her homework was a pretty lame excuse, if you ask me.
frosty: extremely cold or covered with frost
 donmuş, buz tutmuş, buz gibi, dona çekmiş

 It was a cold and frosty morning.
 He gave me a frosty look.
spill: to (cause to) flow, move, fall, or spread over the edge or outside the limits of something
 dökmek
 I spilled coffee on my silk shirt.
 Let's see if I can pour the juice into the glass without spilling it.
 Josh had an accident and spilled water over his work computer.
Özel: What do you want to tell me? Spill it out.
closet: a cupboard built into the wall of a room from the floor to the ceiling
 elbise dolabı, gömme dolap

 I have a closet full of clothes that don't fit.
 He got his winter jacket from the closet and dropped it on the sofa.
weep: to cry tears
 göz yaşı dökmek

 Claire shut herself up in her own room to weep.
 People in the street wept with joy when peace was announced.
composer: a person who writes music

 bestekar
 In my opinion, no other composers even begin to approach Mozart.
 Amelia likes German composers, particularly Wagner.
annoyance: a feeling of slight anger
 kızgınlık, rahatsızlık
 I can’t tell you my annoyance when I saw them together.
 A group of youths have been causing annoyance in the neighborhood.
 Small problems can turn into major annoyances on a long trip.
redundant lame frosty spill annoyance

closet weep composer
1) A: How was the party? B: It was __________________. I got bored and left 15 minutes later.
2) Don't fill your glass too full or you'll ____________________ it.
3) A: I don’t have anything to wear at the party. B: No problem. Go to my room, open the
__________________ and pick whatever you want. There are too many clothes anyways.
4) I can understand your _________________ - I'd be furious if she ever treated me like that.
5) Winters in the east of Turkey are usually cold and even ___________________.
6) My English teacher was merciless if what we wrote was abstract, sentimental, or
___________________.
7) Smoking is a tremendous _____________________ to non-smokers.
8) Beethoven, Schumann and Chopin were leading Romantic _____________________.
9) He dropped a bag of sugar and it ____________________ all over the floor
10) Businesses are closing and making people ____________________.
11) She ______________________ with joy when she was told that her husband was still alive.

redundant lame frosty spill annoyance
closet weep composer
1) ___________________: to (cause to) flow, move, fall, or spread over the edge or outside the
limits of something
2) ___________________: a person who writes music
3) ___________________: an excuse or explanation is weak and difficult to believe.
4) ___________________: a feeling of slight anger
5) ___________________: a cupboard built into the wall of a room from the floor to the ceiling
6) ___________________: to cry tears
7) ___________________: extremely cold or covered with frost
8) ___________________: (especially of a word, phrase, etc.) unnecessary because it is more
than is needed
composer: _________________________________________________________________________.
spill: ______________________________________________________________________________.
lame: _____________________________________________________________________________.
weep: ____________________________________________________________________________.
frosty: ____________________________________________________________________________.
annoyance: ________________________________________________________________________.
closet: ____________________________________________________________________________.
redundant: ________________________________________________________________________.

CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: lame, spill, closet, annoyance, frosty, redundant, annoyance, composers, spilled, redundant, wept
B: spill, composer, lame, annoyance, closet, weep, frosty, redundant

Advanced Set 41
Target Vocabulary:
compile: to make a book, list, record etc, using different pieces of information, music etc
 derlemek, toplamak
 They are compiling a dictionary of new words.
 We're compiling some facts and figures for a documentary on the subject.
infinity: a space or distance without limits or an end
 sonsuzluk
 Infinity knows no beginning or end and is absolutely without limit.
 What do you think about the infinity of the universe?
invention: a useful machine, tool, instrument etc. that has been invented
 icat
 The dishwasher is a wonderful invention.
 The world changed rapidly after the invention of the phone.
rectify: to correct something or make something right
 düzeltmek
 I am determined to take whatever action is necessary to rectify the situation.
 The President failed to deliver on his promise to rectify the public finances
foresee: to know about something before it happens
 öngörmek
 I don't foresee any difficulties so long as we keep within budget.
 The disaster could not have been foreseen.
 No one foresaw the Great Depression of the thirties.
developing: a developing country is a poor country that is trying to increase its industry and trade
and improve life for its people
 gelişmekte olan
 Developing countries have less advanced industries and little wealth but have the ability to
become more advanced.
 The standard of living in many developing countries is low.

2. growing or becoming stronger or more advanced
 gelişen, gelişme evresinde olan, ilerleyen

 Good nutrition is very important to a developing child.
 There is a developing crisis in the Middle East.
wrap: to put paper or cloth over something to cover it
 sarmak, paket yapmak

 The present was beautifully wrapped in gold paper.
 He wrapped a bandage around my injured wrist.
inflict: to make someone suffer something unpleasant
 uğratmak, sebebiyet vermek

 The strikes inflicted serious damage on the economy.
 Detectives warned that the men could inflict serious injury.
compile infinity invention

rectify foresee developing
wrap inflict
1. Unfortunately, the world doesn’t have the technology to _________________ the upcoming
Earthquakes, hopefully one day.
2. There are people who refuse to believe there is such a thing as __________________
because all things must have a beginning and an end.
3. Alcohol and tobacco ____________________ great harm on individual health and have a
high social cost.
4. In my wildest imaginings, I could not have __________________ what a wonderful life lay
before me.
5. It takes years of hard work to____________________ a good dictionary.
6. The __________________ of the computer has revolutionized the business world.

7. These drugs are effective in the ______________________ stages of the disease. You can’t
take them as a precaution.
8. I’ve still got a few New Year presents to ____________________ up.
9. Few analysts ___________________ that oil prices would rise so steeply.
10. The book took 10 years to ____________________.
11. Helping to alleviate poverty in _________________ countries also helps to reduce
environmental destruction.
12. If you don't patent your ____________________, other people may make all the profit out of
it.
13. Every effort is made to ____________________ any errors before the book is printed.

compile infinity invention
rectify foresee developing
wrap inflict
1) _________________: a developing country is a poor country that is trying to increase its

industry and trade and improve life for its people
2) _________________: to correct something or make something right
3) _________________: to make a book, list, record etc., using different pieces of information,
music etc.
4) _________________: to know about something before it happens
5) _________________: to make someone suffer something unpleasant
6) _________________: a useful machine, tool, instrument etc. that has been invented
7) _________________: to put paper or cloth over something to cover it
8) _________________: a space or distance without limits or an end
9) _________________: growing or becoming stronger or more advanced
rectify: ____________________________________________________________________________.

compile: __________________________________________________________________________.
developing: ________________________________________________________________________.
inflict: ____________________________________________________________________________.
invention: _________________________________________________________________________.
foresee: ___________________________________________________________________________.
infinity: ___________________________________________________________________________.
wrap: _____________________________________________________________________________.
CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: foresee, infinity, inflict, foresee, compile, invention, developing, wrap, foresee, compile,
developing, invention, rectify
B: developing, rectify, compile, foresee, inflict, invention, wrap, infinity, developing

Advanced Set 42
Target Vocabulary:
horsepower: a unit for measuring the power of an engine, or the power of an engine measured like
this
 beygir gücü
 The test vehicle’s horsepower was increased by 11%.
 This car has a 220 horsepower engine.
vengeance: a violent or harmful action that someone does to punish someone for harming them or
their family
 intikam, öç
 On the day after the terrorist attack, the overall mood in the town was one of vengeance.
 She cried out for vengeance.
 I will take my vengeance on her.
eternal: continuing forever and having no end
 ebedi, sonsuz
 Church members express a belief in eternal life after death.
 People have been searching for eternal youth.
altogether: used to emphasize that something has been done completely or has finished completely
 tamamen
 Some old customs vanished altogether.
 The change is not altogether bad.
2. used to show that you are referring to the total amount
 toplamda, hep beraber

 There were five people altogether.
 How much do I owe you altogether?
abundant: something that is abundant exists or is available in large quantities so that there is more
than enough
 bol, çok
 During the 18th century land was cheap, grain was plentiful, and meat was abundant.

 Latin America has an abundant natural resources.
 Fish are abundant in the lake.
subtract: to remove a number from another number
 çıkarmak, düşmek
 Four subtracted from ten equals six.
 The costs of manufacturing are subtracted from revenue.
debut: the first public appearance of an entertainer, sports player etc or of something new and
important
 ilk çıkış (sahneye vb.), toplum önüne ilk çıkış, takdim-tanıtım

 Their debut album was recorded in 1991.
 Charlie Chaplin made his film debut in 1913.
horsepower vengeance eternal altogether

abundant subtract debut
1. The possibility of ____________________ life is a principle belief of many religions.

2. It was a dream start for the young player who scored twice on his ____________________
for the club.
3. Mosquitoes are extremely ____________________ in this dark wet place.
4. Ferrari has a big engine with a lot of ___________________. That’s why it’s so fast.
5. Many farmers have adjusted to changing economic and social fortunes by taking a second
job rather than leave their farms _____________________.
6. If you _____________________ 30 from 45, you get 15.
7. As he cradled his daughter's lifeless body in his arms, he swore to take
____________________ on her killers.
8. Maazel studied in Pittsburgh, making his ___________________ as a violinist in 1945 and as
a conductor in 1953.
9. Petroleum is ___________________ in some countries like Venezuela, Saudi Arabia etc. and
there is none in some other countries.
10. How many guests do you expect for the wedding ____________________? We need total
numbers to give you a price.

horsepower vengeance eternal altogether
abundant subtract debut
1) _________________: something that exists or is available in large quantities so that there is

more than enough
2) _________________: used to emphasize that something has been done completely or has
finished completely
3) _________________: a unit for measuring the power of an engine, or the power of an engine
measured like this
4) _________________: used to show that you are referring to the total amount
5) _________________: the first public appearance of an entertainer, sports player etc or of
something new and important
6) _________________: to remove a number from another number
7) _________________: a violent or harmful action that someone does to punish someone for
harming them or their family
8) _________________: continuing forever and having no end
eternal: ___________________________________________________________________________.
subtract: __________________________________________________________________________.
altogether: ________________________________________________________________________.
debut: ____________________________________________________________________________.
abundant: _________________________________________________________________________.
vengeance: ________________________________________________________________________.
horsepower: _______________________________________________________________________.

CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: eternal, debut, abundant, horsepower, altogether, subtract, vengeance, debut, abundant,

altogether
B: abundant, altogether, horsepower, altogether, debut, subtract, vengeance, eternal

Advanced Set 43
Target Vocabulary:
ingrained: ingrained attitudes or behaviour are firmly established and therefore difficult to change
 yerleşmiş, kökleşmiş, içine işlemiş

 The idea of doing our duty is deeply ingrained in most people.
 Such ingrained prejudices cannot be corrected easily.
pinpoint: to discover or explain exactly the real facts about something or the cause of a problem
 nokta atışı yapmak, yerini kesin olarak belirlemek, kesin olarak belirtmek vb.
 It’s difficult to pinpoint the cause of the accident.
 Rescue teams have now pinpointed the location of the ship.
elaborately: in a way that includes a lot of careful detail or many detailed parts
 ayrıntılı bir şekilde

 He elaborately told us why his marriage didn’t work out.
 It was clearly an elaborately planned operation.
revenge: something you do in order to punish someone who has harmed or offended you
 intikam
 He dreamed of taking revenge on his father’s killers.
 One day I’ll have my revenge.
 The poor murdered girl must be revenged.
specialize: to limit all or most of your study, business etc to a particular subject or activity
 uzmanlaşmak, yoğunlaşmak
 She hired a lawyer who specializes in divorce cases.
 The store specializes in interior design books.
repel: if something repels you, it is so unpleasant that you do not want to be near it, or it makes you
feel ill
 tiksindirmek, iğrendirmek
 Her arrogance repels many people.
 Even the idea of eating meat repels her.
immigrant: someone who enters another country to live there permanently

 göçmen
 Large numbers of illegal immigrants have found their way into the country.
 The majority of workers at the factory are recent immigrants.
upside: the positive part of a situation that is generally bad
 olumlu tarafı, iyi tarafı

 The upside of the whole thing is that we got a free trip to Jamaica.
 The house needs some repairing and that will cost some money. But the upside is it’s in the
heart of city center.
ingrained pinpoint elaborately revenge

specialize upside immigrant repel
1. Scientists have been unable to ____________________ the exact causes of cancer.

2. She took her ______________________ on him for leaving her by smashing up his car.
3. Between 1820 and 1920 some 35 million ____________________ reached the United States,
some of them illegally.
4. I like the documentaries on Nat Geo Wild. They show us the wild life of animals
______________________.
5. It's annoying that we can't travel until Thursday, but the ____________________ is that
tickets are cheaper then.
6. Hollington Architects Inc., _____________________ in institutional design, such as schools
and churches.
7. Her heavy make-up and cheap perfume _____________________ him.
8. The belief that you should own your house is deeply ____________________ in our society.
9. Illegal _______________________ are sent back across the border if they are caught.
10. You broke her heart and now she wants _______________________. I would be careful if I
were you.
11. They need to ______________________ exactly what skills are necessary.
12. I finished the law school this year but I want to continue my education to
____________________ in criminal law.

ingrained pinpoint elaborately revenge
specialize upside immigrant repel
1) _________________: something you do in order to punish someone who has harmed or

offended you
2) _________________: to discover or explain exactly the real facts about something or the
cause of a problem
3) _________________: someone who enters another country to live there permanently
4) _________________: the positive part of a situation that is generally bad
5) _________________: in a way that includes a lot of careful detail or many detailed parts
6) _________________: ingrained attitudes or behaviour are firmly established and therefore
difficult to change
7) _________________: to limit all or most of your study, business etc to a particular subject or
activity
8) _________________: something is so unpleasant that you do not want to be near it, or it
makes you feel ill
elaborately: ________________________________________________________________________.
specialize: _________________________________________________________________________.
repel: _____________________________________________________________________________.
pinpoint: __________________________________________________________________________.
immigrant: ________________________________________________________________________.
revenge: __________________________________________________________________________.
ingrained: _________________________________________________________________________.
upside: ___________________________________________________________________________.

CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: pinpoint, revenge, immigrants, elaborately, upside, specialized, repelled, ingrained, immigrants,

revenge, pinpoint, specialize
B: revenge, pinpoint, immigrant, upside, elaborately, ingrained, specialize, repel

Advanced Set 44
Target Vocabulary:
imprison: to put someone in prison or to keep them somewhere and prevent them from leaving
 hapse atmak
 He was imprisoned in 1965 for attempted murder
 The government imprisoned all opposition leaders.
 Unable to go out because of the deep snow, she felt imprisoned in her own house.
cripple: to hurt someone badly so that they cannot walk properly
 sakatlamak (bacaklardan)
 She was crippled in a car accident.
 Industry is being crippled by high interest rates.(+)
cripple: (n) topal
 He has been a cripple since a car accident.
supreme: having the highest rank, level, or importance
 en yüksek, en önemli, en büyük, üstün vb.

 The country's present constitution gives supreme authority to the presidency.
 Beethoven reigns supreme among classical composers.
 He took his case to the supreme court of the land.
necessarily: in a way that cannot be different or be avoided
 muhakkak, mutlaka, zorunlu olarak, ille de, kaçınılmaz bir şekilde vb.
 The care of old people necessarily involves quite a lot of heavy lifting.
 The fact that something is cheap doesn't necessarily mean it's of low quality.
 Money doesn’t necessarily buy happiness.
 "These cheap glasses will break easily." "Not necessarily."
hinder: to make it difficult for something to develop or succeed
 engellemek, engel teşkil etmek, aksatmak

 His career has been hindered by injury.
 Higher interest rates could hinder economic growth.
revolt: a refusal to accept someone’s authority or obey rules or laws

 başkaldırma, ayaklanma, isyan
 The prime minister is now facing a revolt by members of his own party.
 He led a revolt against Constantine and acclaimed Maximus as emperor.
slaughter: to kill a lot of people in a cruel or violent way
 katletmek, katliam yapmak

 Hundreds of innocent civilians had been slaughtered by government troops.
slaughter(n): when large numbers of people are killed in a cruel or violent way
 katliam
 The theme of the conference was the slaughter of defenseless women and children
imprison cripple supreme necessarily

hinder revolt slaughter
1. If found guilty, he could be _____________________ for ten years.

2. He was ___________________ while he was snowboarding and he hasn’t been able to walk
properly ever since.
3. Opposition groups called for a serious _____________________ against the president,
because they think that he had lost his way.
4. Hardly anyone in the town escaped the ___________________ when the rebels attacked
there.
5. Thousands of people were _____________________ in the civil war.
6. The Confederate government provided troops to suppress slave ______________________.
7. A poor diet can ____________________ mental and physical growth.
8. You can love someone without _____________________ wanting to marry them.
9. The Pope is the ____________________ leader of the Roman Catholic Church.
10. Asia's economy has been ______________________ by inflation.
11. She was awarded a medal for showing ____________________ bravery during the war.
12. Two of the boys have been ______________________ for theft.

13. Just because I agreed last time, it doesn't ______________________ mean that I will do so
again.
14. Insomnia Fetal movement, physical discomfort and fears about the future all
________________________ sleep.

imprison cripple supreme necessarily
hinder revolt slaughter
1) _________________: to kill a lot of people in a cruel or violent way

2) _________________: to make it difficult for something to develop or succeed
3) _________________: to hurt someone badly so that they cannot walk properly
4) _________________: in a way that cannot be different or be avoided
5) _________________: having the highest rank, level, or importance
6) _________________: a refusal to accept someone’s authority or obey rules or laws
7) _________________: to put someone in prison or to keep them somewhere and prevent
them from leaving
8) _________________: when large numbers of people are killed in a cruel or violent way
cripple: ___________________________________________________________________________.
necessarily: ________________________________________________________________________.
imprison: __________________________________________________________________________.
supreme: __________________________________________________________________________.
revolt: ____________________________________________________________________________.
slaughter(n): _______________________________________________________________________.
cripple: ___________________________________________________________________________.
slaughter: _________________________________________________________________________.

hinder: ___________________________________________________________________________.
CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: imprisoned, crippled, revolt, slaughter, slaughtered, revolts, hinder, necessarily, supreme,

crippled, supreme
B: slaughter, hinder, cripple, necessarily, supreme, revolt, imprison, slaughter

Advanced Set 45
Target Vocabulary:
vastly: very much
 çok, genişçe, oldukça

 This book is vastly superior to his last one.
 The quality of the training has vastly improved.
mechanism: a part of a machine, or a set of parts that work together
 mekanizma, düzenek
 These automatic cameras have a special focusing mechanism.
 The mechanism of the brain hasn’t been solved completely yet.
2. a system or a way of behaving that helps a living thing to avoid or protect itself from something
difficult or dangerous
 defence/control/survival mechanism
 mekanizma
 When a person is ill, the body’s natural defence mechanisms come into operation.
urban: relating to towns and cities
 şehirle ilgili, şehir, kentsel, kentte bulunan vb.

 Pollution has reached disturbingly high levels in some urban areas.
 Many Americans were leaving the farm for the promise of urban life.
oblivion: the state of being completely forgotten
 unutulma, kayıplara karışma

 He wrote one extraordinary book and then faded into oblivion.
 The loser’s name has been consigned to oblivion (=completely forgotten).
observable: something that is observable can be seen or noticed
 gözle görülür, gözlenebilir

 There's no observable connection between the two events.
 Motives are never directly observable whereas behaviour always is.
 Mars is too faint and too low in the sky to be observable.

consumer: someone who buys and uses products and services
 tüketici
 Consumer demand decreased as a result of the recession.
 Higher taxes will reduce consumer spending.
 Only 25% of the price a consumer pays for vegetables goes to the farmer.
hygiene: the practice of keeping yourself and the things around you clean in order to prevent
diseases.
 hijyen, temizlik, sağlık kuralları

 There will be a conference about the importance of personal hygiene.
 Food hygiene is just as important when on holiday as at home - if not more so.
reconcile: to find a way in which two situations or beliefs that are opposed to each other can agree
and exist together
 bağdaştırmak, uzlaştırmak - uzlaşmak, arasını bulmak

 It is sometimes difficult to reconcile science and religion.
 It's difficult to reconcile such different points of view.
 They were finally reconciled with each other, after not speaking for nearly five years
insatiable: always wanting more and more of something
 doyumsuz, bitmek tükenmek bilmeyen, gözü aç

 Like so many politicians, he had an insatiable appetite/desire/hunger for power.
 Nothing, it seemed, would satisfy his insatiable curiosity.
vastly mechanism urban oblivion

observable consumer hygiene
reconcile insatiable
1. She's actually kind of insecure, and her rudeness is just a defense _________________.
2. There has been an ____________________ change in your body. Have you been working out
or dieting?
3. Humankind seems to have an _____________________ urge to conquer and explore.
4. Their failures ____________________ outnumber their successes.

5. After two years of not speaking to one another, the two brothers were finally
___________________.
6. Schools should have policies to ensure good ___________________ in kitchen and toilet
areas.
7. There have been complaints from _____________________ groups about the high prices
charged by some companies.
8. How can you _____________________ your fur coat and your love of animals? You know
they are made by killing animals, right?
9. There are a couple of easily ______________________ physical changes that take place in
the fish as you cook it.
10. My ex-boss had an __________________desire for money and because of that he made us
work very hard. That’s the reason he is my ‘’ex’’ boss.
11. Many political figures just fade into ______________________.
12. Over 82% of Texans live in ______________________ areas.
13. I'm a _____________________ different person now.
14. Restaurants may be closed down if they fail to maintain minimum standards of
____________________.
15. The elevator has a safety ______________________ which prevents it from falling.
16. It was once a popular game, but it has since consigned into _________________________.
17. Our advertising is aimed at teenagers because they are our main ____________________
market.

vastly mechanism urban oblivion
observable consumer hygiene
reconcile insatiable
1) _________________: a system or a way of behaving that helps a living thing to avoid or

protect itself from something difficult or dangerous
2) _________________: someone who buys and uses products and services
3) _________________: relating to towns and cities
4) _________________: very much
5) _________________: the state of being completely forgotten

6) _________________: the practice of keeping yourself and the things around you clean in
order to prevent diseases.
7) _________________: a part of a machine, or a set of parts that work together
8) _________________: something that is observable can be seen or noticed
9) _________________: to find a way in which two situations or beliefs that are opposed to
each other can agree and exist together
10) _________________: always wanting more and more of something
urban: ____________________________________________________________________________.
consumer: _________________________________________________________________________.
observable: ________________________________________________________________________.
mechanism: _______________________________________________________________________.
reconcile: _________________________________________________________________________.
hygiene: __________________________________________________________________________.
insatiable: _________________________________________________________________________.
oblivion: __________________________________________________________________________.
vastly: ____________________________________________________________________________.
CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: mechanism, observable, insatiable, vastly, reconciled, hygiene, consumer, reconcile, observable,

insatiable, oblivion, urban, vastly, hygiene, mechanism, oblivion, consumer
B: mechanism, consumer, urban, vastly, oblivion, hygiene, mechanism, observable, reconcile,

insatiable


Advanced Set 1
Target Vocabulary:
accommodation: a room to stay in or other place to stay; the act of accommodation
 konaklama, kalacak yer

 When I go on business trips, the accommodations my company pays for are usually quite
bad.
 The price for the holiday includes flights and accommodation.
affluent: wealthy; having a large amount of money
 varlıklı, zengin
 Only the most affluent individuals can afford a Lamborghini.
 In today’s affluent society people are increasingly buying things they don’t really need.
augment: to add to; increase
 artırmak, çoğaltmak
 I teach English in the evenings to augment my family's income.
 He augmented his earnings by taking a second job.
barricade: something that serves as an obstacle; a barrier
 barikat
 The police set up a barricade to keep voters away from the polling stations.
bewilder : to confuse or befuddle
 şaşırmak - şaşırtmak, hayrete düşmek

 I am absolutely bewildered by the new tax forms. I have no idea how to fill them out.
 The instructions completely bewildered me.
 She packed her bags and left, leaving Matthew bewildered and confused.
bitter: having or being a taste that is sharp, acrid, and unpleasant.
 acı, bitter
 The coffee was too bitter for Max. He had to add a lot of sugar.
 The outside of an orange is bitter, but the inside is sweet.
2. making you feel very unhappy and upset
 acı

 If he failed, it would be a bitter disappointment to his parents.
 His photo stirred up bitter memories.
candid : straightforward, open and sincere, honest
 içten, samimi, dürüst, dobra

 I had a very candid discussion with Max about his drinking problem.
 The two presidents have had candid talks about the current crisis.
drastic : extreme, severe
 şiddetli, sert, güçlü, büyük - ciddi

 The doctor had to take drastic measures to save the patient's life.
 NATO threatened drastic action if its terms were not met.
affluent accommodation augment drastic

bewilder bitter candid barricade
1. Losing the match was a ____________________ disappointment for the team.

2. The holiday costs about £400 for a week's ______________________ and flights.
3. We had a ___________________ discussion about her poor job performance. It surprised me
because I thought she would be angry at me.
4. In the desert there’s a ____________________ change in temperature from day to night.
5. Who has never tasted ____________________, knows not what is sweet.
6. You won't find any really luxurious _______________________, but there are adequate
hotels and guest houses.
7. Many people feel ______________________ by the speed of technological innovation.
8. The fans were kept back behind the ____________________ to avoid anything violent.
9. He would have to find work to ____________________ his income.
10. The students of the private University mainly come from _____________________ families.
This is why they have no problems with paying the yearly costs.
11. Let me be quite _______________________ with you: your work is not good enough.

affluent accommodation augment drastic
bewilder bitter candid barricade
1) _________________: to add to; increase

2) _________________: having or being a taste that is sharp, acrid, and unpleasant.
3) _________________: something that serves as an obstacle; a barrier
4) _________________: straightforward, open and sincere, honest
5) _________________: to confuse or befuddle
6) _________________: wealthy; having a large amount of money
7) _________________: extreme, severe
8) _________________: making you feel very unhappy and upset
9) _________________: a room to stay in or other place to stay; the act of accommodation
barricade: _________________________________________________________________________.
accommodation: ____________________________________________________________________.
bitter: ____________________________________________________________________________.
drastic : ___________________________________________________________________________.
affluent: __________________________________________________________________________.
bewilder : _________________________________________________________________________.
candid : ___________________________________________________________________________.
augment: __________________________________________________________________________.

CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: bitter, accommodation, candid, drastic, bitter, accommodations, bewildered, barricade, augment,

affluent, candid
B: augment, bitter, barricade, candid, bewilder, affluent, drastic, bitter, accommodation

At the Store
A: I was at the store, and when the clerk finished ringing me up, I had a few problems.
B: Your total comes to 79.42$.

A: Do you take credit cards?
B: Yes, we take Visa, MasterCard, and American Express.
A: Here's my Visa.
B: Hmm. I'm sorry but your card has been declined.
A: Oh, I can't imagine why. I'm sure it's just a mistake. Here, use my MasterCard.
B: Well, sir, it looks like this one is overdrawn, too. Do you have a debit
card or cash? We also accept personal checks.
A: Like I said, I think it must be bank error. Yeah, I have a debit

card, but I think there's a fee for using it, right?
B: Yes, I think the bank charges you a small fee.
A: In that case, I'll write a check. Oh

no, I forgot my checkbook at home. Can you hold these items for me?
I can run to an ATM to get some cash. I'll come right back.
B: Sure. I can hold it for you until the end of the day.
A: Okay, great. I'll be right back.
Target Words and Patterns of the Dialog:

Bu bölümde öğrenmenizi hedeflediğimiz ‘’hedef kelimeler veya kalıplar’’.
clerk: someone whose job is to help people in a shop
 tezgahtar
decline: to say politely no, to refuse.
 reddetmek
 I declined his offer for dinner.
overdrawn: It happens when you try to spend more than you have in the bank account
 limit aşımı
debit card: a plastic card with your signature on that you can use to pay for things
 banka kartı
cash: money in the form of coins or notes rather than cheques, credit cards etc
 nakit para
 Will you pay in cash or credit card?
fee: an amount of money paid for a particular piece of work or for a particular right or service
 (bir servis veya bir iş için ödenen) ücret

 If you withdraw cash from your credit card, there will be a fee for that.
charge: to ask someone for a particular amount of money for something you are selling
 ücret almak
 The restaurant charged us ₺250 for a bottle of wine.
hold: to agree not to give something such as a ticket, a place at a restaurant, a job etc to anyone
except a particular person
 (biri için bir şeyi) tutmak

 Can you hold these books for a minute? I need to tie my shoes.
right back: used to ask someone to wait because you are coming or returning very soon
 hemen dönmek

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
Fill in the blanks with the target words and patterns!
clerk decline overdrawn

debit card cash fee
charge hold right back
1. I don’t have ____________________ on me, is credit card accepted here?

2. You can use the gym and pool for a __________________ of £35 a month.
3. The hotel _____________________$125 a night.
4. Just wait here and don’t go anywhere, I’ll be __________________.
5. We can ____________________ the reservation for you until next Friday.
6. Sir, I am sorry but your credit card has been ___________________, do you have another
card or cash?
7. I am broke this month, my cards are __________________. Can you lend me some money?
8. Jane works as a ________________ in a shoe store.
9. I don’t have a credit card, I use my ___________________ for online shopping.
B) Match the Words & Patterns with their meanings! Pekiştir!

clerk decline overdrawn
debit card cash fee
charge hold right back
1) __________________: to ask someone for a particular amount of money for something you
are selling
2) __________________: a plastic card with your signature on that you can use to pay for
things
3) __________________: used to ask someone to wait because you are coming or returning
very soon
4) __________________: someone whose job is to help people in a shop
5) __________________: money in the form of coins or notes rather than cheques, credit cards
etc
6) __________________: It happens when you try to spend more than you have in the bank
account
7) __________________: to say politely no, to refuse.
8) __________________: to agree not to give something such as a ticket, a place at a
restaurant, a job etc to anyone except a particular person
9) __________________: an amount of money paid for a particular piece of work or for a
particular right or service
C) Write a sentence of your own for each of the words or the patterns you’ve just learned!
++ Write Turkish meanings of the words. – Uzmanlaş!
Öğrendiğiniz kelimelerin veya kalıp kullanımların Türkçe karşılıklarını hiçbir yere bakmadan
yazın, daha sonra bu kelimelerle en az 1 tane örnek cümle yazın.
debit card: _________________________________________________________________________.
hold: _____________________________________________________________________________.
charge: ___________________________________________________________________________.
right back: _________________________________________________________________________.
overdrawn: ________________________________________________________________________.
fee: ______________________________________________________________________________.
decline: ___________________________________________________________________________.
cash: _____________________________________________________________________________.
clerk: _____________________________________________________________________________.
CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: cash, fee, charges, right back, hold, declined, overdrawn, clerk, debit card
B: charge, debit card, right back, clerk, cash, overdrawn, decline, hold, fee
C: Kendi cümlelerinizi yazınız, kontrole ihtiyaç yok. Kelime anlamlarını ise en üstteki ‘target words
and patterns’ kısmından kontrol edebilirsiniz.
Antibiotic Resistance is on the Rise
Reporter:
Antibiotic resistance is on the rise, and we are potentially facing a time when standard
antibiotics simply won't work anymore. Why is antibiotic resistance becoming more
widespread?
Chemist:
One reason could be that a type of bacteria has developed molecular mechanisms that
actually make an antibiotic drug ineffective.
Reporter:
Why is the increase in bacterial resistance considered a threatening issue?
Chemist:
The misuse of antibiotics has certainly contributed to the resistance phenomena. A lot of
antibiotics are used in farming, which is practised without complete control.
Reporter:
This sounds horrible!

resistance: a refusal to accept new ideas or changes
⇒ direniş, direnç
potentially: something that is potentially dangerous, useful etc is not dangerous etc now, but may
become so in the future
⇒ imkan dahilinde, potansiyel (olarak), olası
⇒ Any major airport or station is potentially a terrorist target.
widespread: existing or happening in many places and/or among many people
⇒ geniş çapta, yaygın
⇒ The campaign has received widespread support.

ineffective: not producing the effects or results that are wanted
⇒ etkisiz
⇒ I believe that it’s just an ineffective and temporary solution.
threatening: expressing a threat of something unpleasant or violent
⇒ tehditkar
⇒ Cancer is a threatening disease.
⇒ His voice sounded threatening.
misuse: to use something for the wrong purpose, or in the wrong way, often with harmful results
⇒ kötüye kullanmak, istismar etmek
⇒ Even harmless drugs can be misused.
⇒ He misused my feelings for him and left me when he’s done.
farming: the practice or business of growing crops or keeping animals on a farm
⇒ çiftçilik
horrible: very bad – used, for example, about things you see, taste, or smell, or about the weather
⇒ berbat, korkunç, çok kötü, dehşet verici vb.
⇒ I have a horrible feeling that we’re going to miss the plane.

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
resistance potentially widespread

ineffective threatening misuse
farming horrible
1. "You listen to me!" he said in a ____________________ voice.

2. People usually show ___________________ to change, it’s normal.
3. There is concern that the judges might ____________________ their power.
4. My daughter had a ___________________ dream, she was screaming in her sleep. We had
to wake her up.
5. Rihanna is a _________________ famous singer.
6. The ___________________ industry has been going backwards in Turkey, resulting increase
in prices.
7. Those pills were ______________________– I still have a headache.
8. Hepatitis is a _______________________ fatal disease.
resistance potentially widespread

ineffective threatening misuse
farming horrible
1) __________________: the practice or business of growing crops or keeping animals on a

farm
2) __________________: not producing the effects or results that are wanted
3) __________________: a refusal to accept new ideas or changes
4) __________________: existing or happening in many places and/or among many people
5) __________________: expressing a threat of something unpleasant or violent
6) __________________: very bad – used, for example, about things you see, taste, or smell,
or about the weather
7) __________________: something that is potentially dangerous, useful etc is not dangerous
etc now, but may become so in the future
8) __________________: to use something for the wrong purpose, or in the wrong way, often
with harmful results
widespread: _______________________________________________________________________.
resistance: ________________________________________________________________________.
threatening: _______________________________________________________________________.
horrible: __________________________________________________________________________.
ineffective: ________________________________________________________________________.
potentially: ________________________________________________________________________.
misuse: ___________________________________________________________________________.
farming: __________________________________________________________________________.
CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: threatening, resistance, misuse, horrible, widespread, farming, ineffective, potentially
B: farming, ineffective, resistance, widespread, threatening, horrible, potentially, misuse
Disparity vs. Inequality
Edward:
What do you think the difference between the words 'inequality' and 'disparity'
is?
William:
Well, both have negative connotations. And they both imply a lack of something. I
guess they are basically synonyms.
Edward:
You're right, they're very similar, but 'disparity' can be used to talk about differences
neutrally, while 'inequality' suggests a value judgment.
William:
Oh, I see. So, if I say that there is a disparity between you and me, it might not be a
bad thing, but inequality would be negative.

inequality: an unfair situation, in which some groups in society have more money, opportunities,
power etc than others
 eşitsizlik
 inequalities between men and women
disparity: a difference between two or more things, especially an unfair one
 farklılık (özellikle adil olmayan bir fark)

 The economic disparity between the area's black and white citizens is a serious problem.
connotation: a quality or an idea that a word makes you think of that is more than its basic meaning
 çağrışım
 For most people "motherhood" has a very positive connotation.
imply: to suggest that something is true, without saying this directly
 ima etmek
lack of: the fact that something is not available or that there is not enough of it
 -sizlik, yoksunluk
 Her only problem is a lack of confidence.
*basically: used when referring to the main or most important characteristic or feature of
something
 esasen, temel olarak, genel anlamda

 Basically, (= the most important thing is that) they want a lot more information about the
project before they'll put any money into it.
 The plots of his books are basically all the same.
neutrally: in a way that does not encourage or support any of the groups involved in something and
does not show personal opinion
 tarafsız bir şekilde

 He is your father, how can he judge you neutrally?
value: the importance or usefulness of something
 değer (maddi de olabilir manevi de)

 You should understand and admire the value of having a family.
judgment: the ability to form valuable opinions and make good decisions
 yargı, karar, doğru düşünüp karar verme yetisi

 Trust your own judgment and don't be guided by what anyone else thinks.

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
inequality disparity connotations

imply lack of basically
neutrally x2 value judgment
1. The word ‘professional’ has ____________________ of skill and excellence.

2. There are ____________________ in wealth distribution in Turkey. Some people are
extremely rich and some people are extremely poor.
3. The village has remained ____________________ unchanged for over 300 years.
4. The press must publish the news and show the incidents ____________________. But, do
they?
5. ____________________ sleep had made him irritable and angry the whole day.
6. Are the company's current difficulties a result of bad luck or bad ____________________?
7. A group of athletes spoke to the students about the ____________________ of a college
education.
8. He thinks that Wikipedia has a moral responsibility to report ____________________ on
everything.
9. Are you _________________ that I’m lying to you? After all we have gone through?
10. It is not easy to explain the ____________________ that still exists between the salaries of
men and women.
inequality disparity connotation

imply lack of basically
neutrally value judgment
1) __________________: a difference between two or more things, especially an unfair one

2) __________________: to suggest that something is true, without saying this directly
3) __________________: in a way that does not encourage or support any of the groups
involved in something and does not show personal opinion
4) __________________: used when referring to the main or most important characteristic or
feature of something
5) __________________: a quality or an idea that a word makes you think of that is more than
its basic meaning
6) __________________: the fact that something is not available or that there is not enough of
it
7) __________________: the importance or usefulness of something
8) __________________: the ability to form valuable opinions and make good decisions
9) __________________: an unfair situation, in which some groups in society have more
money, opportunities, power etc than others
disparity: _________________________________________________________________________.
lack of: ___________________________________________________________________________.
imply: ____________________________________________________________________________.
inequality: ________________________________________________________________________.
value: ____________________________________________________________________________.
basically: __________________________________________________________________________.
judgment: _________________________________________________________________________.
connotations: ______________________________________________________________________.
neutrally: _________________________________________________________________________.
CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: connotations, inequalities, basically, neutrally, lack of, judgment, neutrally, value, implying,
disparity
B: disparity, imply, neutrally, basically, connotation, lack of, value, judgment, inequality
New Blend
Reporter:
Kids love to eat hamburgers, but they're not very healthy. Tell us about the public school
initiative to make lunches healthier for students.
Dietician:
With some help from food engineers, we've created a mushroom-beef blend that's being
used in schools across the country to help students eat healthier.
Reporter:
I think there are more than just health benefits to using this vegetable and meat blend.
Dietician:
True. In addition to fewer calories and saturated fats than regular hamburgers, this blend is
also a greener alternative to meat since mushrooms are more sustainable than beef.
Reporter:
That makes sense as they require fewer resources than livestock to produce.

initiative: an important new plan or process to achieve a particular aim or to solve a particular
problem
 girişim, teşebbüs
 We need an education initiative, the current system doesn’t work.
blend: to thoroughly mix together soft or liquid substances to form a single smooth substance
 karıştırmak veya karışım

 Blend the sugar, eggs, and flour.
in addition to: used to add another piece of information to what you have just said
 ek olarak
saturated (fat): a type of fat found in meat, eggs, milk, cheese, etc. that is thought to be bad for
your health
 doymuş (yağ gibi)
sustainable: able to continue over a period of time
 sürdürülebilir
 What we need is a sustainable plan.
resource: It has a widespread meaning. Sources such as products, money, oil, power, belongings etc.
that you can use when needed.
 kaynak, olanak
 The long war drained the resources of both countries.
that (veya it) makes sense: to be a sensible thing to do
 mantıklı
 It makes sense to save money while you can.
* It doesn’t make sense: hiç mantıklı değil, aklım almıyor.
livestock: animals such as cows and sheep that are kept on a farm
 canlı haycan, hayvancılık (çiftlik hayvanları gibi bir amaçla beslenenler)

 The drought has affected more than a million people in Henan and 280,000 head of livestock.

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
initiative blend in addition to

saturated sustainable resource
it doesn’t make sense livestock
1. Butter and cream contain a lot of ______________________fats.

2. That sort of extreme diet is not ______________________ over a long period.
3. The heavy rains and flooding killed a lot of ______________________.
4. The country's greatest ______________________ is the dedication of its workers.
5. He is a rich guy, why would he steal money from the shop? ______________________.
6. Three countries are planning to create a new ______________________ for peace in the
Middle East
7. A new security system was installed. ______________________, extra guards were hired.
8. Each preparation is a ______________________ of fruit, flower, herb or plant extracts.

initiative blend in addition to
saturated sustainable resource
that makes sense livestock
1) ______________________: to be a sensible thing to do

2) ______________________: a type of fat found in meat, eggs, milk, cheese, etc. that is
thought to be bad for your health
3) ______________________: used to add another piece of information to what you have just
said
4) ______________________: It has a widespread meaning; sources such as products, money,
oil, power, belongings etc. that you can use when needed.
5) ______________________: able to continue over a period of time
6) ______________________: animals such as cows and sheep that are kept on a farm
7) ______________________: to thoroughly mix together soft or liquid substances to form a
single smooth substance
8) ______________________: an important new plan or process to achieve a particular aim or
to solve a particular problem
in addition to: ______________________________________________________________________.
that (veya it) makes sense: ____________________________________________________________.
sustainable: ________________________________________________________________________.
livestock: __________________________________________________________________________.
resource: __________________________________________________________________________.
saturated : ________________________________________________________________________.
blend: ____________________________________________________________________________.
initiative: __________________________________________________________________________.
CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: saturated, sustainable, livestock, resource, it doesn’t make sense, initiative, In addition, blend
B: that makes sense, saturated, in addition to, resource, sustainable, livestock, blend, initiative
Princess Diana’s Secret Collaboration
Researcher:
From your documentary, we learned that Princess Diana secretly collaborated with journalist
Andrew Morton to write a book about her life, in which he discloses details of her troubled
relations with the royal family.
Documentarist:
Well, when the book was published in 1992, Diana’s cooperation was a secret. But, when
Morton republished the book after her death in 1997, he exposed the fact that Diana herself
was the direct source for many revelations in the book.
Reporter:
What may have prompted Morton to reveal Diana’s involvement in the publication?
Documentarist:
He wanted to bring an important fact to light; the Princess herself wanted the public to know
she was not living a fairy tale, but a life of misery.

documentary: a film or a television or radio programme that gives detailed information about a
particular subject
 belgesel
collaborate with: to work together with a person or group in order to achieve something, especially
in science or art
 iş birliği yapmak
disclose: to make something publicly known, especially after it has been kept secret
 meydana çıkarmak, ifşa etmek

 The police have disclosed that two officers were involved in corruption.
trouble: problems or difficulties
 sorun
 The trouble is there are too many people and not enough places.
royal: relating to or belonging to a king or queen

 asil (kraliyet ailesinden)
publish: to arrange for a book, magazine etc to be written, printed, and sold
 yayınlamak
 The first edition was published in 1765.
cooperation: the act of working together with someone or doing what they ask you
 işbirliği
 There's very little cooperation between the two countries.
expose: to show the truth about someone or something, especially when it is bad
 açığa çıkarmak, (gerçeği) göstermek
revelation: a surprising fact about someone or something that was previously secret and is now
made known
 ifşa
prompt: to make someone decide to do something
 hareket geçirmek, teşvik etmek
involvement: the act or process of taking part in something
 katılım, pay
 He denied that he had any direct involvement in the deal.
bring to light: to cause something to be known
 açığa çıkarmak, aydınlatmak

 The police finally brought the crime to the light.
fairy tale: a traditional story written for children that usually involves imaginary creatures and magic
 masal, peri masalı
misery: great unhappiness
 ızdırap, perişanlık, sefalet, büyük mutsuzluk vb.

 Kill the injured horse and end his misery. That’s what they did in the past.
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
documentary collaborate with disclose trouble

royal publish cooperation expose
revelation prompt involvement
bring to light fairy tale misery
1. The company produces computers in ___________________ with a German firm

2. The ____________________ families were so important in the past, not so much anymore.
3. A local film crew is making a ____________________ about volcanoes.
4. He was accused of ______________________ in the robbery.
5. Has he been able to ____________________ his book? Or still working on it?
6. He refused to ______________________the identity of the politician.
7. Her research has ____________________new information about Picasso’s early life.
8. Ten years of marriage to him have made her life a _____________________.
9. He resigned after ____________________ of the fact that he had been stealing money from
the company.
10. The film _____________________the utter horror of war and the politicians involved in the
process.
11. We’re having a lot of _____________________ with the new computer system.
12. 5 big companies ___________________ each other and started to work on the car brand of
Turkey.
13. Tell me the truths, not some ____________________. I don’t believe anything you say now.
14. His constant making fun of me situation ______________________ me to lose weight and
here I am, 40 pounds less!
documentary collaborate with disclose trouble

royal publish cooperation expose
revelation prompt involvement
bring to light fairy tale misery
1) ______________________: the act or process of taking part in something

2) ______________________: a traditional story written for children that usually involves
imaginary creatures and magic
3) ______________________: to show the truth about someone or something, especially
when it is bad
4) ______________________: problems or difficulties
5) ______________________: a surprising fact about someone or something that was
previously secret and is now made known
6) ______________________: relating to or belonging to a king or queen
7) ______________________: to work together with a person or group in order to achieve
something, especially in science or art
8) ______________________: to arrange for a book, magazine etc to be written, printed, and
sold
9) ______________________: to make someone decide to do something
10) ______________________: great unhappiness
11) ______________________: to cause something to be known
12) ______________________: the act of working together with someone or doing what they
ask you
13) ______________________: to make something publicly known, especially after it has been
kept secret
14) ______________________: a film or a television or radio program that gives detailed
information about a particular subject
disclose: __________________________________________________________________________.
documentary: ______________________________________________________________________.
publish: ___________________________________________________________________________.
prompt: __________________________________________________________________________.
expose: ___________________________________________________________________________.
cooperation: _______________________________________________________________________.
fairy tale: _________________________________________________________________________.
involvement: ______________________________________________________________________.
misery: ___________________________________________________________________________.
royal: ____________________________________________________________________________.
revelation: ________________________________________________________________________.
trouble: ___________________________________________________________________________.
collaborate with: ___________________________________________________________________.
bring to light: ______________________________________________________________________.
CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: cooperation, royal, documentary, involvement, publish, brought to light, misery, revelation,

exposes, trouble, collaborated with, fairy tales, prompted
B: involvement, fairy tale, expose, trouble, revelation, royal, collaborate with, publish, prompt,
misery, bring to light, cooperation, disclose, documentary
English Expressions & Patterns Used in Daily Life
Target Expressions & Patterns:

- Bu bölümde öğrenmenizi hedeflediğimiz ‘’hedef ifadeler ve kalıplar’’.
Cut corners: doing something poorly in order to save time or money
 işin kolayına kaçmak

 Don’t try to cut the corners, do your job properly!
 Turkish people love cutting the corners on pretty much every subject and they call it ‘’being
smart’’.
Get something out of your system: do the thing you've wanted to do so you can move on
 içinde kalmasın, içini boşaltmak

 You keep talking about making a cross-country trip. I think you just need to do it and get it
out of your system.
 I had a good cry and got it out of my system.
Get your act together: used to say someone to work better, be better or quit.
 kendine gel, kendine çeki düzen ver

 You have an important exam coming up but you are out all day. Get your act together or you
will fail it.
 She's so disorganized - I wish she'd get her act together.
Give someone the benefit of the doubt: to retain a favorable or at least neutral opinion of
someone or something until the full information about the subject is available.
 sözüne inanmak, doğru/haklı kabul etmek (gerçekler ortaya çıkana kadar birine inanmayı
tercih etmek)
 You're my sister! Can't you give me the benefit of the doubt, instead of believing the worst
about me right away?
Hang in there: don't give up
 dayan, sabret
 I know you're worried, but hang in there—the doctor will come soon.
 Hang in there buddy, there are just 3 months to go back home.
Hit the sack: go to sleep
 yatmaya gitmek, kafayı vurup yatmak

 I am so tired, I will hit the sack early today.
It's not rocket science: it's not complicated, it shouldn’t be so hard to do.
 Türkçe deyim: atla deve değil Anlam: o kadar da zor değil, büyüttüğün kadar zor değil, sanki
bana….
 A: I don’t know how to use the washing machine; can you do it for me? B: It’s not rocket
science you know, you just push a few buttons.
Fill in the blanks with the target Expressions and Patterns!
cut corners it's not rocket science

give someone the benefit of the doubt get your act together hang in there
hit the sack get it out of your system
1. I guess you want to say a lot of bad things for the mistake I did, so
__________________________, I am ready!
2. Let's ___________ him _____________________ before we start accusing him. There may
be a good explanation for the missing money.
3. ____________________________! I will come and help you with your problem in a few
hours.
4. I heard the managers talking about firing some of the workers in the company. So,
________________________ and be careful.
5. I haven’t slept for the last 48 hours, I will _____________________ ASAP.
6. A: I don’t even know how to eggs B: Are you kidding me?
____________________________, you just break the eggs and put them in the pan with a
little bit oil.
7. A: Boss, I know I wasn’t able to finish the project on time but I have some practical ways to
finish it in a few days. B: It’s not practical work, you are trying to ___________________. I
can’t let someone like you work in my company, now get out!
B) Match the Expressions and Patterns with their meanings! Pekiştir!
cut corners it's not rocket science
give someone the benefit of the doubt get your act together hang in there
hit the sack get something out of your system
1) _______________________________: used to say someone to work better, be better or

quit.
2) _______________________________: don't give up
3) _______________________________: go to sleep
4) _______________________________: do the thing you've wanted to do so you can move on
5) _______________________________: to retain a favorable or at least neutral opinion of
someone or something until the full information about the subject is available.
6) _______________________________: doing something poorly in order to save time or
money
7) _______________________________: it's not complicated, it shouldn’t be so hard to do.
C) Write a sentence of your own for each of the Expressions and Patterns you’ve just
learned! ++ Write Turkish meanings of the them. – Uzmanlaş!
- Öğrendiğiniz kalıp ve ifadelerin Türkçe karşılıklarını hiçbir yere bakmadan yazın, daha
sonra bu kelimelerle en az 1 tane örnek cümle yazın. (Verilen her anlam için bir örnek)
It's not rocket science:

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________.
Hang in there:
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________.
Get your act together:

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________.
Hit the sack:
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________.
Get something out of your system:

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________.
Give someone the benefit of the doubt:

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________.
Cut corners:
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________.
CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: get it out of your system, give him the benefit of the doubt, hang in there, get your act together,
hit the sack, it’s not rocket science, cut corners
B: get your act together, hang in there, hit the sack, get something out of your system, give someone
the benefit of the doubt, cut corners, it’s not rocket science

Let someone off the hook: to allow (someone who has been caught doing something wrong or
illegal) to go without being punished
 suçunu bağışlamak
 If you ask me, they let him off the hook too easily.
Make/cut a long story short: tell something briefly
 Uzun lafın kısası, sözü fazla uzatmayayım

 To cut a long story short, we both spent the night in jail.
 Tot cut a long story short; she betrayed my trust and I will never trust her again.
Miss the boat: It's too late
 fırsatı kaçırmak
 There was a chance between you and me but you missed the boat long time ago.
 Do you think she would accept me back? B: I think, you already missed that boat, she has a
boyfriend now.
No pain, no gain!: you have to work for what you want
 Acı yoksa kazanç da yok!

 You want to have six pack? Then you have to work out hard, no pain no gain!
 A: I am so tired of studying English. B: No pain no gain!
Speak of the devil: used when someone you have just been talking about arrives unexpectedly
 Did you see Bob today? Oh, there he comes! Speak of the devil.
 Kibar çeviri: İyi insan lafının üstüne gelirmiş. Tam karşılığı: İti an çomağı hazırla! 
(We)'ll cross that bridge when we come to it: Let's not talk about that problem right now
 her şeyin bir zamanı var, zamanı gelince konuşuruz/hallederiz.

 A: Our baby is 1 year old today. What are we going to when she becomes 18? B: We'll cross
that bridge when we come to it.
Kill two birds with one stone: get two things done with a single action
 bir taşla iki kuş

 He dropped his kids to school while going to work, killing two birds with one stone.
 Cycling to work kills two birds with one stone. It saves money and gives you some exercise.
kill two birds with one stone make a long story short miss the boat
no pain, no gain speak of the devil
I'll cross that bridge when I come to it let someone off the hook
1. You should have sold that house a year ago – you _________________________. Now you
can’t sell it even for the half price.
2. Working too much can sometimes be boring and overwhelming but you know what they say;
_______________________________.
3. I hope our teacher doesn't come today - oh, _______________________, here he comes.
4. She went to abroad through Erasmus project; she had a good time and also improved her
English skills. So she ________________________________.
5. To _______________________________, she left me here with two kids and I have no idea
what to do.
6. He was going to be fired for being late more than 3 times in a month but they
_________________________________ just for once.
7. My interview last week went quite well but the job means that we will have to move to a
new city. I am not going to think about it now, _____________________________.

kill two birds with one stone make a long story short miss the boat
no pain, no gain speak of the devil
we'll cross that bridge when we come to it let someone off the hook
1) _______________________________: you have to work for what you want

2) _______________________________: tell something briefly
3) _______________________________: used when someone you have just been talking about
arrives unexpectedly
4) _______________________________: it's too late
5) _______________________________: to allow (someone who has been caught doing
something wrong or illegal) to go without being punished
6) _______________________________: get two things done with a single action
7) _______________________________: let's not talk about that problem right now
Kill two birds with one stone:

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________.
No pain, no gain!:
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________.
Speak of the devil:

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________.
Miss the boat:
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________.
We'll cross that bridge when we come to it:

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________.
Make/cut a long story short:

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________.
Let someone off the hook:

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________.
CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: missed the boat, no pain no gain, speak of the devil, killed two birds with one stone, make a long
story short, let him off the hook, I’ll cross the bridge when I come to it.
B: no pain no gain, make a long story short, speak of the devil, miss the boat, let someone off the
hook, kill two birds with one stone, we’ll cross that bridge when we come to it

A perfect storm: the worst possible situation
√ olabilecek en kötü durum

√ My wife left me, I lost my job and I have drinking problems. It’s a perfect storm.
Cost an arm and a leg: very expensive
√ çok pahalı, bir servete mal olmak

√ A: How much a 0 km Mercedes in Turkey? B: It costs an arm and a leg, maybe kidney too 
Every cloud has a silver lining: good things come after bad things
√ Her işte bir hayır vardır, iyi tarafından bak, her inişin bir çıkışı vardır, gün doğmadan neler
doğar vb.
√ He missed the bus with just a minute and that bus had an accident on the way; every cloud
has a silver lining.
√ I know that your job is not going well and you are stressed out, but don't worry, things will be
better soon. Every cloud has a silver lining.
Get a taste of (your) own medicine: get treated the way you've been treating others (negative)
√ anladığı dilden konuşmak, kendi silahıyla vurmak

√ Don't be rude to others. You won't like it when you get a taste of your own medicine.
have a bigger fish to fry: to have bigger things to take care of than what we are talking about now
√ yapacak daha önemli işleri olmak

√ It's really not worth my time. I've got bigger fish to fry!
Ignorance is bliss: you're better off not knowing
√ ‘’Cehalet erdemdir’’, bilmemek bazen daha iyidir

√ Sometimes I just decide to ignore the news for a few days. Ignorance is bliss, I tell you.
It's a piece of cake: it's easy

√ çocuk oyuncağı, çok kolay
√ A: Can you break an egg with your one hand? B: It’s a piece of cake.
√ How did you fix that car? B: It was a piece of cake for me. I’m a mechanic, remember?
it's a piece of cake x2 costs an arm and a leg

get a taste of your own medicine every cloud has a silver lining
have a bigger fish to fry ignorance is bliss a perfect storm
1. OMG, I like that dress so much but I can’t buy it because _________________________. I
can’t pay 2000 $ for a dress.
2. Reena was depressed to be confined to bed after her surgery, but over time, when she could
spend a lot of time with her family and catch up with old friends, who came to visit her, she
realized that ____________________________.
3. A: Why did you call me ‘’Fish face’’ in front of the girl I liked? B: Do you remember the time
you called a coward in the middle of the class? I wanted you to
________________________________. It’s not cool, right?
4. A: Dad, can you help me with my homework. B: Sorry, I can’t. I
___________________________ like going to work, earning money. Do you understand
what I mean?
5. Some doctors believe _______________________ and don’t give their patients all the facts.
6. A: How do you open a bottle with only a lighter? B: _______________________________. I
can do this even without looking.
7. I lost my passport and wallet, I can’t go to the police and I have left with a lot of problems
and no money in a foreign country, _________________________!
8. A: How did you manage to repair this car in an hour? I thought it would take days. B: No
problem. When you know what you’re doing, ____________________________.
it's a piece of cake cost an arm and a leg
get a taste of your own medicine every cloud has a silver lining
have a bigger fish to fry ignorance is bliss a perfect storm
1) _______________________________: it's easy

2) _______________________________: to have bigger/more important things to take care of
than what we are talking about now
3) _______________________________: you're better off not knowing
4) _______________________________: the worst possible situation
5) _______________________________: get treated the way you've been treating others
(negative)
6) _______________________________: very expensive
7) _______________________________: good things come after bad things
It's a piece of cake:

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________.
have a bigger fish to fry :

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________.
Every cloud has a silver lining:

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________.
Cost an arm and a leg:
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________.
Get a taste of (your) own medicine:

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________.
Ignorance is bliss:
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________.
A perfect storm:
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________.
CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: it costs an arm and a leg, every cloud has a silver lining, get a taste of your own medicine, I have a
bigger fish to fry, ignorance is bliss, it’s a piece of cake, a perfect storm, it’s a piece of cake.
B: it’s a piece of cake, have bigger fish to fry, ignorance is bliss, a perfect storm, get a taste of your
own medicine, cost an arm and a leg, every cloud has a silver lining

Play devil's advocate: to argue the opposite, just for the sake of argument
⇒ şeytanın avukatlığını yapmak, şeytanın avukatını oynamak (kendi düşüncesini doğrulamak

için karşı tarafın tezine antitez getirmek)
⇒ Tom is always playing devil's advocate in any given conversation because he loves picking
apart other people's arguments.
⇒ Playing devil's advocate to every detail of the plan is the only way to ensure that you
anticipate problems before they occur.
Saving for a rainy day: saving money for later to use when you really or urgently need it.
⇒ Ak akçe kara gün içindir. / kötü günler için kenara koymak/biriktirmek

⇒ I know you want to buy a new TV with your bonus, but you should really save that money for
a rainy day.
The devil is in the details: it looks good from a distance, but when you look closer, there are
problems
⇒ Şeytan ayrıntıda gizlidir!

⇒ You need to make sure that your lawyer reads the contracts very carefully. The devil is in the
details.
⇒ "Have you seen my beautiful new bag? I paid a fortune for it."
⇒ "Really? It is a fake. The stitching of the original bags is blue, not green."
⇒ "How disappointing. I guess the devil is in the details.
Leave no stone unturned: look everywhere
⇒ Her taşın altına bakın!

⇒ We will find the murderer of this innocent woman. Leave no stone unturned and bring him
to me!
Like riding a bike: something you never forget how to do

⇒ bisiklete binmek gibi (yıllarca binmesen de tek seferde hatırlarsın, asla unutmazsın)
⇒ "Man, I haven't gone sailing years"
⇒ "Come on, man, it's like riding a bike!"
You can lead a horse to water, but you can't make him drink: you can't force someone to
make the right decision
⇒ zorla güzellik olmaz, birini doğru şeyi yapması için zorlayamazsın en fazla tavsiye verirsin)
⇒ A: Man, I told him not to go there, now look what happened to him. B: Well, you can lead a
horse to water, but you can't make him drink.
You can't make an omelet without breaking some eggs: sometimes, you have to do unpleasant
things in order to complete a task or meet a goal.
⇒ (figüratif) bir şeyleri başarmak için birilerini incitmek/kırmak zorunda kalabilirsin

⇒ Your students clearly don't respect you. I know you don't want to yell at them, but you can't
make an omelet without breaking a few eggs.
play devil's advocate for a rainy day
leave no stone unturned you can't make an omelet without breaking some eggs
like riding a bike you can lead a horse to water, but you can't make him drink
the devil is in the details
1. I agree with your plan. I'm just __________________________ so you'll know what the
opposition will say to prove themselves right and you can be ready for it.
2. I always save some of my salary __________________________ because you can’t know
what’s going to happen in the future.

3. When you check the accounts of the company, you might think that there are no problems.
But if you look closer you will see small amounts transferred to another bank account every
month, which means someone has been stealing from us. ___________________________!
4. If I don't cut people's salaries, the company is going to go bankrupt. It's unfortunate, but
________________________________
5. A: I haven’t played basketball for years, I am not sure If I still have it in me. B: I am sure you
have, it’s just ____________________________.
6. A: "I just don't understand. We've given him the very best education and introduced him to
the right people, but he just won't pursue a meaningful career." B: "Well,
___________________________________."
7. We _____________________________ looking for that earring, but we still couldn't find it.
I'm thinking it got thrown out.

play devil's advocate saving for a rainy day
leave no stone unturned you can't make an omelet without breaking some eggs
like riding a bike you can lead a horse to water, but you can't make him drink
the devil is in the details
1) _______________________________: saving money for later to use when you really or
urgently need it.
2) _______________________________: look everywhere
3) _______________________________: you can't force someone to make the right decision
4) _______________________________: something you never forget how to do
5) _______________________________: sometimes, you have to do unpleasant things in order
to complete a task or meet a goal.

6) _______________________________: it looks good from a distance, but when you look
closer, there are problems
7) _______________________________: to argue the opposite, just for the sake of argument
Saving for a rainy day:

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________.
You can lead a horse to water, but you can't make him drink:
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________.
The devil is in the details:

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________.
Like riding a bike:

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________.
You can't make an omelet without breaking some eggs:

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________.
Leave no stone unturned:

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________.
Play devil's advocate:

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________.
CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: playing devil’s advocate, for a rainy day, the devil is in the details, you can’t make an omelet
without breaking some eggs, like riding a bike, you can lead a horse to water, but you can’t make him
drink, left no stone unturned
B: saving for a rainy day, leave no stone unturned, you can lead a horse to water, but you can’t make
him drink, like riding a bike, you can’t make an omelet without breaking some eggs, the devil is in the
details, play devil’s advocate
Phrasal Verbs Set 26
Target Phrasal verbs:
- Bu bölümde öğrenmenizi hedeflediğimiz ‘’hedef deyim fiiller’’.
mess up: to spoil or ruin something, especially something important or something that has been
carefully planned
√ berbat etmek, batırmak

√ He messed up all the surprise.
√ She says she completely messed up the interview.
√ You messed up. Don’t let it happen again.
speak out: to say in public what you think about something such as a law or an official plan or action
√ açıkça söylemek, herkesin önünde, cesurca söylemek

√ He came forward and spoke out what’s on his mind.
√ He has always spoken out in favour of women rights.
stand for: a word or a letter represents a word or idea, especially as a short form
√ anlamına gelmek, temsil etmek

√ What does ATM stand for?
√ The letters ERM stand for Exchange-Rate Mechanism.
step down: to leave your job or official position, because you want to or because you think you
should
√ çekilmek
√ He was forced to step down from his position.
√ Many would prefer to see him step aside in favour of a younger man.
take over: to take control of something from someone
√ devralmak, yönetimi ele geçirmek

√ Thank you Mr. Kent, I will take over from here.
√ All he wanted was to take over the company.
Phrasal Verbs and Exercises by Serdar Hoca.

talk into: to persuade someone to do something
√ ikna etmek
√ My husband talked me into going climbing.
√ Don’t try to talk him into coming with us because his parents don’t let him.
rush in /into: to move with great haste inward or into some place, business etc.
√ dalmak, üşüşmek, aceleyle (düşünmeden) girmek

√ The shoppers began rushing in the mall the moment it was opened to take advantage of the
Black Friday sales.
√ This is not a market that wise investors will rush into.
base on: to use something as the thing from which something else is developed
√ dayanmak, baz almak

√ Their relationship was based upon mutual respect.
√ The film is based on a short story by Thomas Mann.
√ Green politics are based on the belief that the resources of the planet are finite.
√ Their claims weren’t based on any real evidence.
Fill in the blanks with the target phrasal verbs!
mess up speak out stand for x2
step down take over talk into
rush in x2 base on
1. What does E.U. _____________?

2. The coach of England national team _____________ from his position because of the recent
results and a lot of criticism.
3. Everyone ___________ the shelter when the rain started.
4. In the past, there were a lot of countries whose economy ____________ agriculture and
trading.

5. Sercan gave me a white rose, what does that ___________? I mean; does he love me, hate
me or nothing?
6. He ___________ every fight he sees. Is he brave or just a fool?
7. We were going to get married but he __________ everything by cheating on me with
another girl.
8. Don’t try to ______ me _________ going on a date with someone I have never seen before!
9. He wants to ______________ his father’s company. He might be trying too hard because his
father is still alive and well.
10. There was a short demonstration and one of them ___________ for the rights of women.

mess up speak out stand for
step down take over talk into
rush in base on
1) ______________________: to say in public what you think about something such as a law or
an official plan or action
2) ______________________: a word or a letter represents a word or idea, especially as a short
form
3) ______________________: to persuade someone to do something
4) ______________________: to use something as the thing from which something else is
developed
5) ______________________: to move with great haste inward or into some place.
6) ______________________: to take control of something from someone
7) ______________________: to leave your job or official position, because you want to or
because you think you should
8) ______________________: to spoil or ruin something, especially something important or
something that has been carefully planned

C) Write a sentence of your own for each of the phrasal verbs you’ve just learned! ++ Write
speak out: _________________________________________________________________________.
stand for: _________________________________________________________________________.
talk into: __________________________________________________________________________.
step down: ________________________________________________________________________.
take over: _________________________________________________________________________.
rush in: ___________________________________________________________________________.
base on: __________________________________________________________________________.
mess up: __________________________________________________________________________.
CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: stand for, stepped down, rushed in, based on, stand for, rushes in, messed up, talk me into, take
over, spoke out
B: speak out, stand for, talk into, base on, rush in, take over, step down, mess up

run across: to find something or to meet someone by chance
√ bir şeye/birine rastlamak

√ I ran across the letter while I was tidying the drawers.
whip up: to try to make people feel strongly about something (fear, interest, support etc.)
√ artırmak, (bir duyguyu) tahrik etmek, … çekmek, …. salmak

√ They’ll do anything to whip up a bit of interest in a book.
√ Newspaper articles have whipped up fears of the new tax policies.
cut out: to stop something from happening or existing
√ bırakmak, (bir tavrı, eylemi vs.) kesmek

√ Can you please cut this attitude out? You are being annoying.
√ Will you cut it out – I’m trying to sleep here!
lighten up: used to tell someone not to be so serious about something
√ rahatlamak, sakinleşmek (sakinleş!)

√ It’s not end of the world, lighten up a bit.
√ What can we do to lighten things up?
give in: to finally agree to do or accept something that you had at first opposed, especially because
someone has forced or persuaded you to
√ pes etmek
√ Eventually I gave in and accepted the job on their terms.
√ The champion refused to give in and went on to win the set.
be into someone: to have a special interest for someone or something
√ biriyle ilgilenmek, hoşlanmak

√ I am so into her. I hope she doesn’t notice that because we are friends.

√ I’m really into classical music.
hook up: to meet with someone in order to spend time with them, usually romantically.
√ biriyle takılmak
√ I hope we'll be able to hook up for coffee or something while you're home.
√ When did you two first hook up?
run across whip up cut out
lighten up give in be into someone hook up
1. The politicians came to the city to __________ support for the elections coming soon.
2. Bob’s wife went on at him so much that eventually he __________.
3. Every time you see Chris, you blush, ___ you ______ him? You can tell me you know.
4. I _____________ an old friend at Burger King.
5. Can you __________ shaking your legs all the time? It’s ruining my concentration.
6. Come on man, ____________, we are not doing brain surgery here.
7. Would you like to __________ today?

run across whip up cut out
lighten up give in be into someone hook up
1) ______________________: to finally agree to do or accept something that you had at first

opposed, especially because someone has forced or persuaded you to
2) ______________________: to have a special interest for someone
3) ______________________: to find something or to meet someone by chance

4) ______________________: to try to make people feel strongly about something (fear,
interest, support etc.)
5) ______________________: used to tell someone not to be so serious about something
6) ______________________: to meet with someone in order to spend time with them
7) ______________________: to stop something from happening or existing
lighten up: _________________________________________________________________________.
give in: ____________________________________________________________________________.
whip up: __________________________________________________________________________.
cut out: ___________________________________________________________________________.
be into someone: ___________________________________________________________________.
hook up: __________________________________________________________________________.
run across: ________________________________________________________________________.
CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: whip up, gave in, are you into him, ran across, cut out, lighten up, hook up
B: give in, be into someone, run across, whip up, lighten up, hook up, cut out

hit the road: to begin a journey
 yola çıkmak, yolculuğa başlamak

 We will hit the road in a few hours.
 I'd love to stay longer but I must be hitting the road.
go away: to leave a place or person
 defolup gitmek, bir yerden ayrılmak

 Go away and leave me alone!
 I really missed her when she went away.
keep on: to continue doing something, or to do something many times
 devam etmek, sürdürmek

 You just have to keep on trying until you succeed.
 He kept on asking for money, even though I told him I hadn't got it.
move on: to develop in your life, and change your relationships, interests, activities etc
 ilerlemek, değiştirmek, geride bırakmak (kötü anıları vs.)

 Forget about her, you need to move on with your life.
 I've lived in this town long enough - it's time to move on.
keep up with: to move or progress at the same rate as others
 yetişmek, ayak uydurmak (çağa, zamana, birilerine vb.)

 I can’t keep up with the technology anymore, it changes every day.
 Older people usually have a hard time to keep up with the latest technology.
deprive of: to not allow (someone or something) to have or keep (something)
 yoksun bırakmak
 Some parents deprive their children of love and that affects them all their life in a bad way.

 He was deprived of food for three days.
set up: to arrange for two people to meet, because you think they might start a romantic
relationship
 (birini birine) ayarlamak

 ‘How did you meet Nick?’ ‘A friend set us up.’
 Would you like me to set you up with her? Maybe you get along well.
hit the road go away

keep on move on keep up with
deprive of set up
1. We packed up and ___________ for out holiday in Antalya.

2. Time to ___________ and forget all the bad things happened in the past.
3. Would you like me to ____ you _____ with Selen? She is a nice girl and you are a good
person, you would make a good couple.
4. Just ___________ and forget that I even exist! I don’t want to see you anymore.
5. They're ________him ____ a chance to succeed.
6. Don’t lose your concentration, just __________ studying and making effort; you will learn a
lot of English words in this course.
7. My leg was hurt, but I was able to ___________ the rest of the team during our run.

hit the road go away
keep on move on keep up with
deprive of set up
1) ______________________: to leave a place or person

2) ______________________: to begin a journey
3) ______________________: to not allow (someone or something) to have or keep
(something)
4) ______________________: to arrange for two people to meet, because you think they might
start a romantic relationship
5) ______________________: to move or progress at the same rate as others
6) ______________________: to continue doing something, or to do something many times
7) ______________________: to develop in your life, and change your relationships, interests,
activities etc.
keep on: __________________________________________________________________________.
keep up with: ______________________________________________________________________.
set up: ____________________________________________________________________________.
deprive of: ________________________________________________________________________.
move on: __________________________________________________________________________.
go away: __________________________________________________________________________.
hit the road: _______________________________________________________________________.
CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: hit the road, move on, set you up, go away, depriving him of, keep on, keep up with
B: go away, hit the road, deprive of, set up, keep up with, keep on, move on

carry on: to continue doing something
devam etmek
Sorry, I interrupted you. Please carry on.
For the moment we’ve been told to carry on as usual.
turn into: to change form, one thing into another, or to make something do this
dönüşmek (hem gerçek hem mecaz olarak kullanılabilir)

We thought he was a good man but he turned into a monster later.
If you freeze the water, It will turn into ice.
get through: to come successfully to the end of an unpleasant experience or period of time, or to
help someone do this
(zor bir zamanı) geçirmek; atlatmak, üstesinden gelmek

It was her love that got me through those first difficult months.
The refugees will need help to get through the winter.
I just have to get through the first five minutes of my speech, and then I’ll be fine.
see through:
1. to realize that someone is trying to deceive you
aklından geçeni görmek

My wife sees through me, I can’t lie to her.
2. to continue doing something until it is finished, especially something difficult or unpleasant
zorluklara rağmen sonuna kadar gitmek; tamamlamak

It’ll take a lot of effort to see the project through
cope with: To endure something, usually something unpleasant or undesirable.
mücadele etmek, dayanmak

I can't cope with all of this uncertainty.
Young people especially find it difficult to cope with death.
Anna will attend a seminar on coping with stress in the workplace.
bring about: to cause something to happen.
neden olmak, ortaya çıkarmak, sonunu hazırlamak

A huge amount of environmental damage has been brought about by the destruction of the
rainforests.
He brought about his company's collapse by his reckless spending.
think up: to produce a new idea, name etc by thinking
uydurmak, tasarlamak
She was trying to think up an excuse.
Did you think that up yourself?
carry on turn into get through
see through cope with bring about think up
1. You’ll have an accident if you _____________________ driving like that.

2. I don’t know how we’re going to _______________________ the winter.
3. I could never lie to her because I know she’d ______________________ me straight away.
4. I am not giving up learning Spanish, no matter how hard it is, one day I will __________ it
_______.
5. Educating people can ____________________ many good things in a society.
6. Hollywood discovered her and _______ her _______ a star.
7. I can’t ______________________ anything better, let’s go with his plan.
8. How do you _____________________ working 14 hours a day?

carry on turn into get through
see through cope with bring about think up
1) __________________: to produce a new idea, name etc by thinking

2) __________________: to endure something, usually something unpleasant or undesirable.
3) __________________: to realize that someone is trying to deceive you
4) __________________: to change form, one thing into another, or to make something do this
5) __________________: to continue doing something
6) __________________: to come successfully to the end of an unpleasant experience or
period of time, or to help someone do this
7) __________________: to continue doing something until it is finished, especially something
difficult or unpleasant
8) __________________: to cause something to happen.
get through: _______________________________________________________________________.
cope with: _________________________________________________________________________.
see through: _______________________________________________________________________.
bring about: _______________________________________________________________________.
think up: __________________________________________________________________________.
turn into: __________________________________________________________________________.
carry on: __________________________________________________________________________.

CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: carry on, get through, see through, see it through, bring about, turned her into, think up, cope
with
B: think up, cope with, see through, turn into, carry on, get through, see through, bring about

contribute to: to cause something or to be the reason of something
 neden olmak, vesile olmak, katkıda bulunmak

 Smoking contributed to his early death.
 Many local businesses offered to contribute to the school rebuilding fund.
care for: to protect someone or something and provide the things they need, especially someone
who is young, old, or ill
 bakmak, ilgilenmek (bakım amaçlı)

 The children are being cared for by a relative.
 Teach your children how to care for their pets.
depend on: 1. if something depends on something else, it is directly affected or decided by that
thing
 bir şeyin bir şeye bağlı olması, sonucundan etkilenmesi; - e bağlı

 The project’s success depends on the support of everyone concerned.
 Their future depends on how well they do in these exams.
 How much money you get depends entirely on your individual circumstances.
2. to need the support, help, or existence of someone or something in order to exist, be healthy, be
successful
 bel bağlamak, eline bakmak

 Many women have to depend on their husbands for their state pension.
 The country depends heavily on foreign aid.
3. to trust or have confidence in someone or something
 güvenmek, inanmak
 You can depend on Jane – she always keeps her promises.
 You can depend on Jack - he's the most reliable man I know.

 Surely a friend should be someone you can depend on in difficult times?
keep pace with: to change or increase as fast as something else, or to move as fast as someone else
 ayak uydurmak, dengede gitmek

 The supply of materials cannot keep pace with demand.
pull through: to succeed in doing something very difficult, or to help someone to do this
 başarmak, birinin başarmasına yardım etmek

 His father pulled him through with his hard tasks.
 He said the support of his fans had pulled him through.
put through: to connect a person using a phone to the person they want to speak to
 (telefonu) bağlamak
 Could you put me through to customer services, please?
do with: used to ask or talk about how someone should deal with something
 yapmak, baş etmek

 What shall I do with these papers?
2. used for saying that someone or something is not connected with or involved in a particular fact
or situation
 alakası olmak/ olmamak (olumsuz)

 I have nothing to do with the problems they have in the family.
 I’m quite sure Nancy’s resignation has nothing to do with her health.
 Reynolds has always claimed that he had nothing to do with her disappearance.

contribute to care for depend on
keep pace with pull through put through do with
1. She can't go out to work because she has to stay at home to _________ her elderly mother.
2. A: Are you going to the party? B: It __________ you. If you are going, I am going too. So,
what are we doing?
3. Salaries have not always ____________ inflation. We have earned less every year, that
means.
4. I didn’t know what to ___________ a newborn baby.
5. The country heavily ____________ its tourist trade. If there is no tourist, it’s a bad news for
the economy.
6. The exam is long and hard but I trust you, you can _____ it _________.
7. Could you _____ me __________ to Eddie from the sales department?
8. You can ___________ your family through all of your life. That’s why everybody says family is
important.
9. Two red cards in 15 minutes _____________ defeat of the team.
10. We don’t have a fixed salary here; your earnings __________________ how hard you work
and how successful you are.
11. Somebody stole my money, could that be you? Because you were the only one who knew
where I was keeping it. B: I have nothing to ________________ it, I swear.

contribute to care for depend on
keep pace with pull through put through do with
1) __________________: to protect someone or something and provide the things they need,
especially someone
2) __________________: to trust or have confidence in someone or something
3) __________________: to cause something or to be the reason of something
4) __________________: if something depends on something else, it is directly affected or
decided by that thing
5) __________________: to change or increase as fast as something else, or to move as fast as
someone else
6) __________________: to connect a person using a phone to the person they want to speak
to
7) __________________: to need the support, help, or existence of someone or something in
order to exist, be healthy, be successful
8) __________________: used to ask or talk about how someone should deal with something
9) __________________: to succeed in doing something very difficult, or to help someone to
do this
depend on: (3 anlamı da önemli) _______________________________________________________.
care for: __________________________________________________________________________.
keep pace with: ____________________________________________________________________.
do with: ___________________________________________________________________________.
pull through: _______________________________________________________________________.

put through: _______________________________________________________________________.
contribute to: ______________________________________________________________________.
CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: care for, depends on, kept up with, do with, depends on, pull it through, put me through, depend
on, contribute to, depend on, do with
B: care for, depend on, contribute to, depend on, keep pace with, put through, depend on, do with,
pull through

catch up with: to finally find someone who has been doing something illegal and punish them
√ enselemek, tutuklamak, yakalamak, başına gelmek (ilahi adalet)

√ It took six years for the law to catch up with them.
√ Your mistakes will catch up with you one day.
come into: to receive money, land, or property from someone after they have died
√ mirasa konmak
√ She’ll come into quite a lot of money when her father dies.
make do: to manage with the things that you have, even though this is not really enough
√ idare etmek, yetinmek

√ She has been making do with what she has to care for her children.
√ We didn't have cupboards so we made do with boxes.
look over: to examine something or someone quickly, without paying much attention to detail
√ göz atmak
√ Do you have a few minutes to look these samples over?
√ I had a few minutes before the meeting to look over what he'd written.
come up: 1. to mention or discuss a subject, not planned.
√ bahsi geçmek
√ Did my name come up during your conversation?
2. to become available, usually unexpectedly (an opportunity, a problem etc.)
√ ortaya çıkmak
√ Don’t worry, something will come up and you will find the necessary amount for your child’s
treatment.

count on: to depend on someone or something, especially in a difficult situation
√ birine bir şeye güvenmek, bel bağlamak

√ You can count on me.
√ With luck, you might cover your costs, but don’t count on it.
give rise to (lead to): to be the reason why something happens, especially something bad or
unpleasant
√ (genelde kötü bir şeyin olmasına) sebep olmak, yol açmak

√ His speech gave rise to a bitter argument.
√ International support has given rise to a new optimism in the company.
catch up with give rise to count on
come into make do look over come up
1. This is the amount left from my salary; we need to ______________ with it for a month. I
know it’s hard but we have no choice.
2. Mr. Brown, can you ___________ my homework and tell me if I have any obvious mistakes?
3. I am sorry but I have to cancel our appointment, something has just ___________ and I have
to deal with it.
4. The president’s absence has ______________ speculation about his health.
5. I want to tell you my secret but can I ____________ you about not telling it someone else?
6. Maybe I won’t but time will ______________ you and you will pay for the bad things you did
to me.
7. Did you hear that Selda ____________ two houses, a villa and a company from his
grandfather? He left everything to her, only to her.
8. A: Did you talk about transportation problem of the workers in the meeting? B: No, It didn’t
____________ during the meeting.

catch up with give rise to count on
come into make do look over come up
1) __________________: to manage with the things that you have, even though this is not
really enough
2) __________________: to finally find someone who has been doing something illegal and
punish them
3) __________________: to mention or discuss a subject, not planned.
4) __________________: to be the reason why something happens, especially something bad
or unpleasant
5) __________________: to depend on someone or something, especially in a difficult
situation
6) __________________: to become available, usually unexpectedly (an opportunity, a
problem etc.)
7) __________________: to examine something or someone quickly, without paying much
attention to detail
8) __________________: to receive money, land, or property from someone after they have
died
come into: _________________________________________________________________________.
look over: _________________________________________________________________________.
count on: __________________________________________________________________________.
give rise to (lead to): ________________________________________________________________.
make do: __________________________________________________________________________.

come up: __________________________________________________________________________.
catch up with: ______________________________________________________________________.
CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: make do, look over, come up, given rise to, count on, catch up with, came into, come up
B: make do, catch up with, come up, give rise to, count on, come up, look over, come into

be fed up with: annoyed or bored, and wanting something to change
 bezmek, usanmak
 I’m really fed up with this constant rain. It just doesn’t stop!
 I'm fed up with cleaning up after you all the time.
 I'm fed up with my job.
carry out: to do something that needs to be organized and planned
 yürütmek, uygulamak, yerine getirmek

 We carried out her instructions precisely.
Note: ‘carry out’ can be used for a lot of things like; carry out – research, job, test, experiment,
investigation, attack, order etc.
 Dr Carter is carrying out research on early Christian art.

 The hospital is carrying out tests to find out what's wrong with her.
 Don't blame me, I'm only carrying out my orders/instructions.
throw up: to bring food or drink up from your stomach out through your mouth because you are ill.
 kusmak
 Just thinking about it makes me want to throw up.
 I am sick, I have thrown up all day.
draw up: to prepare a written document, such as a list or contract
 kaleme almak (yazmak), hazırlamak/düzenlemek

 Draw up a list of all the things you want to do.
 Some people draw up a contract when they get married.
get across: to succeed in communicating an idea or piece of information to someone, or to be

communicated successfully

 açıklamak, (bilgi) yaymak, anlaşılmak
 We must get across the simple fact that drugs are dangerous.
 It took him ages to get his point across.
fall out with: to have a quarrel, argument, disagreement.
 kavga etmek, bozuşmak

 He always falls out with people on unimportant subjects.
be fed up with carry out x2 throw up
draw up get across fall out with
1. They have ____________ an important research about the drinkable water left on earth.
2. A committee of teachers has ____________ guidelines for schools on how to deal with
difficult students.
3. She made a big campaign to ______ her message _________ and be the voice of women in
need.
4. He was unable to __________ simple tasks. That’s why they fired him.
5. I _____________ your behaviors and complaining all the time. I want to break up!
6. I think she drank too much yesterday, she has been _____________ since this morning.
7. Maria _____________ some of her colleagues and decided to look for a new job.
8. Our soldiers __________________ a successful attack last night

be fed up with carry out throw up
draw up get across fall out with
1) __________________: to prepare a written document, such as a list or contract

2) __________________: to succeed in communicating an idea or piece of information to
someone, or to be communicated successfully
3) __________________: to have a quarrel, argument, disagreement.
4) __________________: to do something that needs to be organized and planned
5) __________________: to bring food or drink up from your stomach out through your mouth
because you are ill.
6) __________________: annoyed or bored, and wanting something to change
carry out: (3 örnek) __________________________________________________________________.
throw up: _________________________________________________________________________.
get across: _________________________________________________________________________.
draw up: __________________________________________________________________________.
fall out with: _______________________________________________________________________.
be fed up with: _____________________________________________________________________.
CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: carried out, drawn up, get …. across, carry out, am fed up with, throwing up, fell out with, carried
out
B: draw up, get across, fall out with, carry out, throw up, be fed up with

cut up: to cut something into small pieces
 küçük parçalara ayırmak

 Could you cut the pizza up, please?
walk through: to instruct someone in a process by carefully demonstrating or having them perform
each and every step
 (adım adım, anlaşılır şekilde) tarif etmek, anlatmak

 Let me walk you through some of the tasks you'll be doing while I'm on vacation.
 She walked James through the basics of money management.
 Can you walk us through your reasons for wanting the job.
speak up: to speak in support of someone
 sesini yükseltmek, sesini duyurmak, birinin yararına konuşmak

 He is willing to speak up for the rights of women.
 If anyone has a better idea, please speak up.
stem from: to develop as a result of something else
 -den gelmek, -den türemek

 His headaches stemmed from vision problems.
 Many of her problems stem from her family.
come by: 1.to manage to get something that is rare or difficult to get
 elde etmek, temin etmek

 How did you come by these pictures?
2. to make a short visit to a place on your way to somewhere else
 geçerken uğramak
 He said he’d come by later.

get around to: to do something that you have been intending to do for some time
 vakit ayırıp bir şeyi yapmak, zaman ayırmak

 I meant to phone her yesterday, but I never got around to it.
 I want to organize my garden but I just can’t get around to it. Something always comes up!
come about: to happen, especially in a way that is not planned
 (planın dışında) meydana gelmek

 A number of educational reforms have come about as a result of the report.
 I don’t know how it came about that we stopped loving each other.
cut up walk through speak up x2
stem from come by come about get around to
1. You'll have to learn to ________________ for yourself.

2. He _______________ the paper into little pieces.
3. Finding a good job is hard to ______________these days.
4. The other crash ______________ because the plane ran out of gas.
5. Don’t worry, I will _____ you ________ step by step on how to use Photoshop effectively.
6. Who actually _____________ for the vulnerable older person?
7. I’ll ______________ the house and get my stuff later, OK?
8. My fear of the water ____________ the time my brother nearly drowned me when we were
playing in our cousin's pool as kids.
9. We finally _____________clearing out the garage.

cut up walk through speak up
stem from come by come about get around to
1) __________________: to speak in support of someone

2) __________________: to manage to get something that is rare or difficult to get
3) __________________: to cut something into small pieces
4) __________________: to do something that you have been intending to do for some time
5) __________________: to instruct someone in a process by carefully demonstrating or
having them perform each and every step
6) __________________: to happen, especially in a way that is not planned
7) __________________: to develop as a result of something else
8) __________________: to make a short visit to a place on your way to somewhere else
stem from: ________________________________________________________________________.
get around to: ______________________________________________________________________.
come about: _______________________________________________________________________.
come by: __________________________________________________________________________.
cut up: ____________________________________________________________________________.
speak up: __________________________________________________________________________.
walk through: ______________________________________________________________________.

CEVAP ANAHTARI:
A: speak up, cut up, come by, came about, walk you through, speaks up, come by, stems from, got
around to
B: speak up, come by, cut up, get around to, walk through, come about, stem from, come by

Advanced

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Advanced

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Advanced Set 1

Bu bölümde öğrenmenizi hedeflediğimiz ‘’hedef kelimeler’’.

 dizi, sıra, art arda

2. something genuine really is what it seems to be

dumb: permanently or temporarily unable to speak

 dilsiz, dili tutulmuş, dilini yutmuş

 aptal, aptalca, kalın kafalı

English Vocabulary Building by Serdar Hoca.

abduct: to take someone away by force

 dava vekili; avukat - en yüksek mahkemelerde dava görebilen avukat

 tersini söylemek, çelişmek, aksini iddia etmek

sequence genuine dumb distract

English Vocabulary Building by Serdar Hoca.

English Vocabulary Building by Serdar Hoca.

abduct acceleration barrister

English Vocabulary Building by Serdar Hoca.

A: sequence, abducted, genuine, dumb, contradict, barrister, acceleration, sequence, dumb,

C: Kendi cümleleriniz + kelimelerin anlamlarını en üstten kontrol edebilirsiniz.

English Vocabulary Building by Serdar Hoca.

The ex-Bradford City and Bolton Wanderers

What is Motor Neurone Disease?

speak out: to publicly speak, to express thoughts or feelings.

⇒ dile getirmek, düşüncelerini söylemek

disease: illness of people, animals, plants, etc

incurable: not able to be cured

neurological: relating to nerves

brutal: cruel, violent, and completely without feelings

⇒ hastalığın seyri için öngörü

⇒ seğirme, kas seğirmesi

devastating: making someone feel extremely sad or shocked

⇒ yıkıcı, şok edici

deterioration: (formal) getting worse

⇒ bozulma, kötüye gitme

speak out diagnose disease

B) Match the Words! Pekiştir!

incurable neurological brutal

prognosis symptom twitching

foundation devastating nerve

get worse deterioration

1) __________________: an organization that gives or collects money to be used for special

speak out: __________________________________________________________________.

get worse: __________________________________________________________________.

Bu bölümde öğrenmenizi hedeflediğimiz ‘’hedef kelimeler’’.

revolve: to move or cause something to move around a central point or line

 dönmek, etrafında dönmek

 kazı yapmak, kazıp ortaya çıkarmak

verge: the edge or border of something

Bonus: on the verge of something = üzere, eşiğinde

 Mountain gorillas are on the verge of extinction.

English Vocabulary Building by Serdar Hoca.

deliberately: done in a way that is intended or planned

 kasten, bilerek isteyerek

concurrent: happening or existing at the same time

improvise revolve stranded

English Vocabulary Building by Serdar Hoca.

B) Match the Words! Pekiştir!

excavate verge artificial

English Vocabulary Building by Serdar Hoca.

B: excavate, improvise, artificial, concurrent, verge, revolve, stranded, deliberately

C: Kendi cümleleriniz + kelimelerin anlamlarını en üstten kontrol edebilirsiniz.

English Vocabulary Building by Serdar Hoca.

Right now in an icy den in the Arctic, a

drill: to make a hole in something using a special tool

endangered: in risk of being harmed, lost, unsuccessful, etc.