Kurdistan Regional Government – Iraq

Technical Institute– duhok

Surveying Department (Evening)
Second year – Group (B) `

GEODETIC SURVEYING

Prepared : Dana Ari Mohamed

Supervised By : Mr.Havgr

2022/2023
For a closed traverse shown below compute the corrected coordinates for all
station (using Bowditch method), if bearing of the side ( AB to the east ward ),
and coordinates of point ( A ) = ( 1000 , 1000 )m.
Internal Side Distance
Station
angle (m)
A 92˚03΄00˝ AB 620.17
B 113˚51΄00˝ BC 570.38
C 112˚58΄00˝ CD 350.65
D 103˚31΄00˝ DE 720.18
E 117˚42΄00˝ EA 420.86

Solution:

1- Correction internal angels

∑ Theo. angle = ( 2n – 4 ) Х 90 = ( 2 Х 5 – 4 ) Х 90 = 540°
∑ Obs. Angle = <A + <B + <C + < D + < E = 540° 05' 00"
Difference = ∑ obs. Angle - ∑ Theo. angle =540° 05' 00" - 540° = 00° 05' 00"
Correction = - 00° 05' 00" ÷ 5 = 1΄ ( -1΄ for each angle).

2- Compute azimuth (Bearings)

AB = 52˚ 10΄ , BC = 118˚ 20΄´ , CD = 185˚ 23΄ , DE = 261˚ 53΄, EA = 324˚ 12΄

3- Compute Departure (ΔE) and Latitude (ΔN)

ΔE ( AB ) = L ( AB ) × sin Az. ( AB ) , ΔN ( AB ) = L ( AB ) × cos Az. (AB) *
compute (ΔE, ΔN) for all remaining sides by the same (ΔE, ΔN) of side (AB)

4- Compute Relative accuracy

∑ Lengths = 2682.24 m
∑ΔE+ = 991.86 m
∑ΔN+ = 721.73 m
∑ΔE- = 1001.06 m ,
∑ΔN- = 721.48 m
dE = /991.86 / - /1001.06 / = - 0.2 m , dN = /721.73 / - /721.48 / = + 0.25 m
 Closing error = √ [( 0.2)² + (0.25)² ] = 0.32m
Relative accuracy = closing error ÷ ∑ length = 0.32 ÷ 2682.24 = 1/ 8382
5- Correction Departure (ΔE) and Latitude (ΔN)
ΔE (AB) = (dE× L(AB)) ÷ ∑L= 0.05m
ΔN (AB)= (dN× L(AB)) ÷ ∑L= 0.06 m
* compute (ΔE, ΔN) for all remaining sides by the same (ΔE, ΔN) of side (AB)

6- Compute the coordinates for points ( B,C,D,E ) and ( A ) for check

E(B) = E(A) + corr. ΔE (AB)= 1489.86 , N(B) = N(A) + corr. ΔN (AB)= 1350.33

Inst. Obs. Angle Length Azimuth Departure Latitude COORDINATES TO

Sta. ( ° ' " ) (M) ( ° ' " ) E(M) N(M) E(M) N(M) Sta.
1000 1000
92˚03΄ 489.81 380.39
-1΄ 620.17 52˚ 10΄ 0.05 0.06
A 1489.86 1380.33 A
92˚02΄ 489.86 380.33

113˚51΄ 502.05 -270.70

B -1΄ 570.38 118˚ 20΄ 0.04 -0.05 1991.95 1109.58 B
113˚50΄ 502.09 -270.75
112˚58΄ -32.90 -349.10
C -1΄ 350.65 185˚ 23΄ 0.03 -0.03 1959.08 760.45 C
112˚57΄ -32.87 -349.13

103˚31΄ -712.97 -101.68

D -1΄ 720.18 261˚ 53΄ 0.05 -0.07 1246.36 658.70 D
113˚31΄ -712.92 -101.75

117˚42΄ -246.19 341.34

E -1΄ 420.86 324˚ 12΄ 0.03 - -0.04 1000.00 1000.00 E
117˚41΄ 246.16 341.30