RESOURCES AND DEVELOPMENT

a) State the classification of land according to the ownership. [1]

b) Name the factors that determine the land use.
c) What is alluvial soil consisted of?
d) State the origin of the word ‘laterite.’
e) How have shelter belts helped in soil conservation?
f) What is the main cause of land degradation?
g) Give one example and define the renewable resources.
h) What are resources that are found in a region but are not utilised called? [1]
i) Which resources are surveyed and determined on the basis of quantity and quality for
utilization? [1]
j) Give two examples of biotic resources. [1]
k) Which cold desert is relatively isolated from the rest of the country? [1]
l) Which is the most widely spread and important soil of India?

2 a) (a) Resources are not free gift of nature. Why? Explain. [3]

(b) Why is Solar Energy a potential resource in Rajasthan and Gujarat? [3]

(c) Throw light on the views of Gandhiji about conservation of resources. [3)

d) How can the problem of deforestation be solved? [3]

(e)Name the type of soil found in western Rajasthan. Mention two features of this soil. [3]

(f) Write three points on resource planning.

3 a) Explain how the texture and quality of forest soil varies from place to place. [5]

(b) Explain by giving an example how ecological restoration has taken place with the help of people and
government in India.

d)What is Regur Soil? Give two features of Regur soil. Name two regions where it is found. [5]

e) Explain the factors that have contributed to the land degradation. [5]
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POWER SHARING

(a) Which factors are responsible for increasing the feeling of alienation among Sri Lankan Tamils?

(b) What is the difference between prudential and moral reasons for power sharing? [1]

(c) What is separation of power? [1]

(d) In which form of power sharing, power is shared at different levels of government? [1]
(e) Define coalition government. [1]

(a) Which two languages are generally spoken in Belgium? [1]

b) What was the basic reason for the tension between the French speaking and Dutch speaking
communities in Belgium? [1]

c) Which type of power does the third type of government of Belgium enjoy? [1]

(d) Which major social groups constituted the largest share in population of Sri Lanka? [1]

(e) What was the Act passed in 1956 in Sri Lanka? [1]

(f) Explain any one reason why power sharing is desirable.

2 (a) What were the reasons for the alienation of Sri Lankan Tamils? What was the effect of this on Sri
Lankan Tamils? What was the effect of this on the country? [3/2011]

(b) ‘Power sharing is the very spirit of democracy.’ Justify this statement with three suitable points. [3]

(c) What do you know about the diverse nature of Sri Lankan population? [3/2011]

(a) In modern democracies power is often shared among different organs of the government. Explain.
[5/2011]

(b) Explain how Belgium was able to solve her ethnic problem. [5/2010)

FEDERALISM

(a) Is India a federal country? Name other countries which practice federalism.

(b) What is meant by 'Holding together Federation'? [1]

(c) What is the main difference between a federal form of government and a unitary one? [1]

(d) What are the dual objectives of federalism? [1]

(e) Define federalism.

(a) What is meant by ‘coming together’ federations? [1]

(b) What is ‘federalism’? [1]

(c) What are Union Territories? [1]

(d) Name any two subjects included in the Union List. [1]

(e) What is a State List’? [1] (f) What is meant by ‘Jurisdiction’? [1/2015]

Question 2 (a) Write a brief note on the Language policy adopted in India. [3]
(b) How does Jammu & Kashmir enjoy a special status in India? [3]

(c) Bring out the contrast between Federal and unitary government. [3/2011]

Question 3 (a) Explain any four features of the third tier of the government. [5/2009]

(b) Describe any five features of federalism. [5/2008/2 011]

AGRICULTURE

1. With reference to plantation farming, which of the following statements is incorrect? [1]

(i) In this type of farming, a single crop is grown on a large area.

(ii) The plantation has an interface of agriculture and industry.

(iii) In India, tea, coffee, rubber, sugarcane, banana, etc., are important plantation crops.

(iv) In plantation farming, farmers clear a patch of land by felling trees and burning them, to produce
cereals and other food crops.

2. Name any two major sugarcane-producing states in India. [1

3. Name any two major Cotton-producing states in India. [1]

4. Which of the following climatic conditions are required for growth of cotton? [1]

(i) It requires black soil.

(ii) It requires high temperature, light rainfall or irrigation.

(iii) It requires 210 frost-free days and bright sun-shine for its growth.

(iv) All of the above

Name any two crops grown in ‘Zaid’ season

Name any two rubber producing states of India. [1]

(a) Give an example to show the variation in the degree of commercialization. [1]

(b) Where is rice mainly grown in India? [1]

(c) Name the three crops of paddy grown in the eastern states of India. Also name the states. [1]

d) Mention the climatic condition required to grow tea. [1]

(e) Why are growing of pulses considered important for agriculture? [1]

(f) Name four major fibre crops grown in India. [1]

Question 2 (a) How is jute used? Why is it losing its market? [3]

(b) Name the states that produce maize. What has led to the increase in its production? [3]

(c) State the climatic condition required for growing rubber.Why is rubber important? [

Question 3 (a) Evaluate the various reforms that government of India has undertaken to improve the
condition of Indian agriculture and Indian farmers. [5]

(b) Describe the ‘slash and burn’ agriculture.

Question 1 (a) Describe ‘Jhumming Cultivation’ in one sentence [1]

(b) Which is the leading coffee producer state of India? [1]

(c) Name two main cropping seasons in India. [1]

(d) What is India’s position in growing sugarcane in the world? [1]

(e) Why are growing of pulses considered important for agriculture? [1]

(f) Name four major fibre crops grown in India. [1]

Question 2 (a) Mention the factors on which the primitive subsistence of Farming depends. [3]

(b) Mention the growing conditions for rice crop. [3]

(c) What type of soil and temperature is needed to grow Jute? What is the challenge jute crop is facing
these days? [3]

Question 3 (a) With the example of sugarcane, explain the interdependence of all the three sectors of
the economy. [5]

(b) Describe the main features of Indian agriculture. [5)

POLITICAL PARTIES

Question 1 (a) Who chooses the candidate to contest the elections in India? [1]

(b) What is the guiding philosophy of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)? [1]

(c) What is an Affidavit? [1]

(d) What is meant by one-party system? [1]

(e) Who is a Partisan? [1/2014]

(f) What is meant by national political party? [1]

Question 2 (a) ‘Dynastic succession is one of the most serious challenges before the political parties.’
Analyse the statement. [3]

(b) Explain the reforms implemented in our country to improve the political parties. [3/2011]

(c) How do money and muscle power play an important role in elections? [3]

Question 3 (a) Write a brief history and ideology of the Indian National Congress (INC). [5]

(b) Suggest five reforms to strengthen political parties. [5]

Question 1 Fill in the blanks

a) In some countries, such as ____________________, members and supporters of a party choose its
candidates. [1]

b) A political party is a group of people who come together with a view to promote
____________________. [1]

c) Parties that lose in the elections play the role of ____________________. [1]

d) The ____________________ groups are extensions of political parties among different sections of
societies. [1]

e) Bharatiya Janata Party was formed by ____________________. [1]

Question 2 Answer the following questions in one or two sentences.

a) How candidates for contesting elections are chosen in India? [1]

b) What is the reason for the rise of political parties? [1]

c) What is bi-party system? [1]

d) What is front or alliance? [1]

e) What is defection? [1]

Question 1. a) What is mono-party system? [1]

b) Which party can be referred to as a recognised party? [1]

c) Which two parties were formed after their split with the parent party? [1]

d) Why are some political parties called national parties? [1]

e) Why do we have a multiparty system in India? [1]

f) Why do parties have to be responsive to people’s needs and demands? [1]

Question 2. a) What are the characteristics of a political party? [3]

b) Suggest some reforms to strengthen parties so that they perform their functions well. [3]

c) How is federalism and democracy strengthened by the state parties? [3]

Question 3. a) What are the various challenges faced by political parties? [5]

b) State the various functions political parties perform in a democracy. [5]

GENDER CASTE AND RELIGION

Q1) Define patriarchy and feminism.

Q2) What proportion of the country’s population do the SC, ST and OBC together account for? (2013)

Q 3) What is communal politics?

Q 4) Suppose a politician seeks your vote on the religious ground. Why is his act considered against the norms of
democracy? Explain. (2015)

Q5) Mention any two constitutional provisions that make India a Secular State.

Q6) Explain the status of women’s representation in India’s legislative bodies. (2014)

Q7) How does religion influence the political set up in our country? Explain. (2015)

Q 8 ) Gender division is not based on Biology but on social expectations and stereotypes’. Support the statement.
(2012)

Q9) What factors have brought about a change in the Indian Caste system in modern times? Explain. (2012)

Q 10) Explain the various forms that caste can take in politics.

Q11) What was the Feminist Movement? Explain the political demands of the Feminist Movement in India. (2013)

Q12) How far is it correct to say that it is not politics that gets caste ridden but it is the caste that gets politicised?
Explain. (2015)

Q13) “The Government of India gives holidays for the festivals of most of the religions.” Why is it so? Give your
viewpoint. (2015)

FOREST AND WILDLIFE

1) Write four major reasons for the depletion of forest cover.

2) List various provisions made by “The Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act 1972” for protecting habitats.
3) Write four steps taken by the Government for conservation of wildlife.
4) Write three examples of conservation of biodiversity at community level
5) Explain the ‘Beej Bachao Andolan’ and ‘Navdanya’ concept.
6) Write two characteristics of Joint Forest Management Programme and its two benefits for the community.
Which Indian state started this programme first of all and when?
7) Write a brief note on ‘Project Tiger’.
 WATER RESOURCES

1)  Name any one river valley project which has significantly contributed to the loss of forests. [CBSE 2014]
2. Write the major source of freshwater in India? [CBSE 2010]

3) . How much percent of the total volume of world’s water is estimated to exist as fresh water? [CBSE 2011]

4. What percentage of the total volume of world’s water is estimated to exist as oceans? [CBSE 2012]

5. What are the causes of water scarcity? [CBSE 2013]

6. Which largest artificial lake was built in 11th century? [CBSE 2014]

7. On which river has the Hirakud Dam been constructed? [CBSE 2014]

8. On which river Bhakhra Nangal Dam has been constructed? [CBSE 2014, 2015]

9. Who proclaimed dams as the temples of modern India? [CBSE 2014]

10. Which river is known as the ‘River of Sorrow’? [CBSE 2015]

11. Name two social movements which were against the multipurpose projects. [CBSE 2015]

12. The Nagarjuna Sagar Dam is built on which river? [CBSE 2015]

13. On which river the Salal Dam is built? [CBSE 2015]

14. In which regions the release of water from dams during heavy rains aggravated the food situation in 2006? [CBSE 2015]

15. Which water is recharged by roof-top rainwater harvesting technique? [CBSE 2014]

16. In which region, people built ‘Guls’ or ‘Kuls’ for irrigation? [CBSE 2012]

17. Mention one state where canal irrigation has developed. [CBSE 2013]

18. In which state Bamboo Drip Irrigation is prevalent? [CBSE 2014]

19. On which river is the Nagarjun Sagar dam built? [All India 2010]

20. What is the traditional system of rainwater harvesting? [Foreign 2010]

21. Name the river on which Sardar Sarovar dam is built. [Delhi 2011]

22. Name the river on which Nagarjuna Sagar dam is constructed. [Delhi 2009]

23. Name the river on which Mettur dam has been built. [Delhi 2009]

24. What was the main purpose of launching multi-purpose projects in India after independence? [All India 2010]

25. Name two techniques of rooftop rainwater harvesting. [All India 2011]

26. What is the need of rainwater harvesting? [Delhi 2011]

27. Name any one river valley project which has significantly contributed to the loss of forests. (2014)

28. On which one of the following rivers Sardar Sarovar Dam is built? (2011)
(a) River Kaveri
(b) River Krishna
(c) River Narmada
(d) River Satluj