Submitted to: Maam Talat

Submitted by: Atyah Sultan

Department: Environmental Sciences

Subject: Geography

Topic: Low Latitude Steepe(Semi Arid)(Bsh)

Session: 20180-2022

THE WOMEN UNIVERSITY,MULTAN

Koppen’s classification:

The koppen climate classification system is most widely used system for classifying the world’s
climates. Its categories are based on the annual and monthly averages of temperature and
precipitation. This koppen system recognizes Five broad climatic types. Each type is designated by
Capital latter.

A Tropical Moist Climates- It has average temperature above 18o Celsius.

B Dry Climates- with deficient precipitation during a year.
C Moist Mid-Latitude Climates with Mild winters.
D Moist Mid-Latitude Climates with Cold winters.
E Polar Climates with extremely cold winters and summer.

Fig1# World map of climate type

Low Latitude Steppe Climate:

Koppen Code Bsh

Group Arid
Precipitation Type Steepe
Level of Heat Hot
Steppe climates are intermediates between desert climates (BW) and humid climates in
ecological characteristics and agricultural potential.
Location and Temperature:
To determine if a location has a semi-arid climate, the precipitation threshold must first be
determined. Finding the precipitation threshold (in millimeters) involves first multiplying the
average annual temperature in °C by 20, then adding 280 if 70% or more of the total
precipitation is in the high-sun half of the year (April through September in the Northern
temperate zone, or October through March in the Southern), or 140 if 30%–70% of the total
precipitation is received during the applicable period, or 0 if less than 30% of the total
precipitation is so received. If the area's annual precipitation is less than the threshold but more
than half the threshold, it is classified as a BS (steppe climate).Hot semi-arid climates have a
mean annual temperature of at least 18°C, or a mean temperature greater than 0°C in the coldest
month.

Fig2# location and Temperature

Precipitation in Semi Arid(Bsh):

Arid regions by definition receive little precipitation—less than 10 inches (25 centimeters) of
rain per year. Semi-arid regions receive 10 to 20 inches (25 to 50 centimeters) of rain per year.
Although the rocks and tectonic features underlying arid regions may not differ from other areas,
the landscape is distinctive. With little vegetation and often loose surface material, erosion is the
main factor in shaping the land surface.
Semi Arid Ecosystem(Bsh):
A semi-arid climate, semi-desert climate, or steppe climate is the climate of a region that
receives precipitation below potential evapotranspiration, but not as low as a desert climate.
There are different kinds of semi-arid climates, depending on variables such as temperature, and
they give rise to different biomes.

Animal Species in Semi Arid (Bsh):

The grasses of semiarid climate attract grazing animals such as wildebeests, zebras, giraffes,
gazelle, deer, and bison. Most of these animals migrate when conditions are too dry. The
herbivores of Semiarid climates attract carnivores such as coyotes, jackals, hyenas, lions, and
wolves can survive in Semiarid climates.
Plant Species in Semi Arid(Bsh):
Brittlebush. The brittlebush (Encelia farinose) is a member of the sunflower family that grows in
semi-arid deserts, as well as throughout the hot Sonoran and Mojave deserts. This small shrub
grows into a 5-foot tall mound with brittle branches and hairy leaves.