An invention patent is a government-issued grant, bestowing an exclusive right to an inventor over a product or

process that provides any technical solution to a problem in any field of human activity which is new, inventive, and
industrially applicable.

Patents are the most often used method of preserving inventors' rights. A patent is a monopoly right granted by the
government to protect an innovation. The patent gives the proprietor the only right to utilize or commercialize the
innovation, preventing others from doing so without permission. If the patent proprietor does not want to utilize the
patent, he or she can sell or lease the rights to another firm to commercialize it.

That is, a patent is a state-granted right that allows the right holder to restrict other parties from economically
exploiting the innovation for a set length of time, generally 20 years from the patent's filing date.

Patents are the principal juridical instrument used to protect an invention.

The system is founded on the assumption that the financial benefits received from the exploitation of a patent and the
publishing of innovations for public distribution and usage would foster innovation and raise a country's technological
level, with evident benefits for its commerce.

In fact, a patent is an incentive that recognizes the inventor's creative labor and provides material payment for the
commercial creation by providing an exclusive right. These incentives encourage innovation, which leads to a higher
standard of living. In exchange for these exclusive rights, the inventor must publicly disclose the protected innovation
so that others can profit from new information and contribute to scientific advancement.

What characterizes an invention is that it is a solution to a technical or functional problem, not an aesthetic or any
other kind of problem. An invention can be a product or process, or both.

The technical problem can be old or new, but in order to obtain a patent, the solution must be novel. Simply
discovering something that already exists in nature, which we term a discovery, is not an invention. There must be a
human activity involved.
An invention is not necessarily complex. Nevertheless, nowadays, with the level of specialization in different areas of
knowledge, the majority of inventions are products of research and development (R&D) activities carried out or
financed by companies, research centers, or universities, characterized by requiring a set of human, material, and
financial resources optimized to achieve a desired result, which can materialize in the form it was originally proposed
or another.