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1900 BC: early

800-600 BC: cyphers are carved


Ancient Greeks into monuments in
use cyphers to ancient Egypt.
send messages
about military
matters using 742 BC: The ancient
smoke or torches Greeks invent the
scytale, where
messages are written
About 50 BC: Julius
on strips of paper.
Caesar uses a shift
cypher system, which
is a type of substitution AD 800-900: Arabic
cypher, for all of his mathematicians are
correspondence. the first to write
down the theories of
1467: The first ever cryptography.
substitution cypher,
the Alberti Cypher, 1586: Supporters
which uses two of Mary Queen of
rotating disks, is Scots use coded
invented in Italy. letters in a plot to
assassinate
1605: The philosopher Elizabeth I.
Francis Boson uses
steganography to create 1797: Thomas Jefferson
various cyphers and invents a wooden cylinder
other ways of hiding with several wheels. The
messages within text. letters of the alphabet are
printed on each wheel and
1789- 1815: Napoleon each wheel has to be in the
Bonaparte develops his correct position for the
own cyphers to transmit message to be read of the
sensitive military cylinder.
information.

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