Real-Time River Water Quality Monitoring and Control System

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.INTRODUCTION

1.1 Project Overview

1.2 Purpose

2.LITERATURE SURVEY

2.1 Existing problem

2.2 References

2.3 Problem Statement Definition

3.IDEATION & PROPOSED SOLUTION

3.1 Empathy Map Canvas

3.2 Ideation & Brainstorming

3.3 Proposed Solution

3.4 Problem Solution fit

4.REQUIREMENT ANALYSIS

4.1 Functional requirement

4.2 Non-Functional requirements

5.PROJECT DESIGN

5.1 Data Flow Diagrams

5.2 Solution & Technical Architecture

5.3 User Stories

6.PROJECT PLANNING & SCHEDULING

6.1 Sprint Planning & Estimation

6.2 Sprint Delivery Schedule

6.3 Reports from JIRA

7.CODING & SOLUTIONING (Explain the features added in the project along with code)

7.1 Feature 1

7.2 Feature 2

7.3 Database Schema (if Applicable)

8.TESTING

8.1 Test Cases

8.2 User Acceptance Testing

9.RESULTS

9.1 Performance Metrics

10.ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES

11.CONCLUSION

12.FUTURE SCOPE

13.APPENDIX
13.1 Source Code
13.2 GitHub & Project Demo Link
1.INTRODUCTION

1.1 Project Overview

In the 21st century, there are lots of inventions, but at the same time were pollutions,
global warming and so on are being formed, because of this there is no safe drinking water for
the world’s pollution. Nowadays, maintaining pure supply of water to the people is getting more
challenging day by day. In India mainly is big cities the municipality corporation use lots of
chemical to purify the river water then supply that to the people. And we reserved that water
without any test. And we also don’t know the water is either safe for drinking or not. And now a
day’s water quality monitoring in real time faces challenges because of global warming limited
water resources, growing population, etc. Hence there is need of developing better
methodologies to monitor the water quality parameters in real time. The water parameters pH
measures the concentration of hydrogen ions. It shows the water is acidic or alkaline. Pure water
has 7 pH value, less than 7pH has acidic, more than 7pH has alkaline.The range of pH is 0-14pH.
For drinking purpose it should be 6.5-8.5pH. Turbidity measures the large number of suspended
particles in water that is invisible. Higher the turbidity higher the risk of diarrhea, cholera. Lower
the turbidity then the water is clean. Temperature sensor measures how the water is, hot or cold.
Here in this paper we tried to find the problem and then make a solution for it.

1.2 Purpose
The need for effective and efficient monitoring, evaluation and controlof water quality in
residential area has become more demanding in this era of urbanization, pollutionand population
growth.Ensuring safe water supply of drinking water is big challenge for modern civilization.
Traditional methods that rely on collecting water samples, testingand analyses in water laboratories
are not only costly but also lack capability for real-time data capture, analyses and fast dissemination
of information to relevant stake holders for making timely and informed decisions. In this paper, a
real time water quality monitoring system prototype developed for water quality monitoring in
Residential home is presented. The development was preceded by evaluation of prevailing
environment including availability of cellular network coverage at the site of operation. The system
consists of a RaspberryPi, Analog to Digital Converter, Water quality measurement sensors. It
detectswater temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, and electrical conductivity in real-time and
disseminates the information in graphical and tabular formats to relevant stake holders through a
web-based portal and mobile phone platforms. The experimental results show that the system has
great prospect and can be used to operate in real world environment for optimum control and
protection of water resources by providing key actors with relevant and timely information to
facilitate quick action taking.

2.LITERATURE SURVEY

2.1 Existing Problem

Due to the fast growing urbanization supply of safe drinking water is a challenge for the
every city authority. Water can be polluted any time. So the water we reserved in the water tank at
our roof top or basement in our society or apartment may not be safe. Still in India most of the
people use simple water purifier that is not enough to get surety of pure water. Sometimes the
water has dangerous particles or chemical mixed and general purpose water purifier cannot
purify that. And it’s impossible to check the quality of water manually in every time. So an
automatic real-time monitoring system is required to monitor the health of the water reserved in
our water tank of the society or apartment. So it can warn us automatically if there is any problem
with the reserved water. And we can check the quality of the water anytime and from anywhere.
By keeping this mind we designed this system especially for residential areas.

2.2 References

a. Sridharan, S. (2014) Water Quality Monitoring System Using Wireless Sensor Network.
International Journal of Electronic Communications Engineering Advanced Research,3,399-
402

b. Losilla, F., Garcia-Sanchez, A.-J., Garcia-Sanchez, F., Garcia-Haro, J. and Haas, Z.J. (2011) A
Comprehensive Approach to WSN-Based ITS Application. Sensors,10, 10220-10265.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s111110220

c. Mo Deqing,Zhao Ying, Chen Shangsong, “Automatic Measurement and Reporting System of

Water Quality Based on GSM,” 2012 International Conference on Intelligent System Design and
Engineering Application.

d. Nikhil Kedia, Water Quality Monitoring for Rural Areas- A Sensor Cloud Based Economical
Project, in 1st International Conference on Next Generation Computing Technologies (NGCT-
2015) Dehradun, India, 4-5 September 2015. 978- 1-4673-6809-4/15/$31.00 ©2015 IEEE

e. Jayti Bhatt, Jignesh Patoliya,Iot Based Water Quality Monitoring System, IRFIC, 21 feb,2016.

f. Michal lom, ondrej priby & miroslavsvitek, Internet 4.0 as a part of smart cities, 978-1-5090-
1116-2/16/$31.00 ©2016 IEEE

g. Zhanwei Sun, Chi Harold Liu, Chatschik Bisdikia_, Joel W. Branch and Bo Yang, 2012 9th
Annual IEEE Communications Society Conference on Sensor,Mesh and Ad Hoc
Communications and Networks

h.Gouthaman.J, Bharathwajan Prabhu.R & Srikanth.A “Automated urban drinking water supply
control and water theft identification system”Proceeding of the 2011 IEEE Students'
Technology Symposium, IIT Kharagpur pp.87-91, 2011.

i. S.Leirens, C. Zamora, R.R. Negenborn, and B. De Schutter“Coordination in urban water supply

networks using distributed model predictive control”Proceedings of the 2010 American
Control Conference, Baltimore, Maryland, pp. 3957–3962, 2010.

j. Hen Hui, Zhou Wenchao and so on, “Design of the embedded remote meter reading system
based on Ethernet”, Electronic Design Engineering, vol. 20 pp. 184-186,2012.
Sridharan, S. (2014) Water Quality Monitoring

2.3 Problem Statement Definition

Create a problem statement to understand your customer's point of view. The Customer Problem
Statement template helps you focus on what matters to create experiences people will love. A well-
articulated customer problem statement allows you and your team to find the ideal solution for the
challenges your customers face. Throughout the process, you’ll also be able to empathize with your
customers, which helps you better understand how they perceive your product or service
 roblem I am I’m tryingto But Because Which makesme feel
Statement (PS) (Customer)

PS-1 Civilian Drink Water is Sewage Frustrated

healthywaer contaminated wastedisposal
in water
bodies

PS-2 Civilian Drink pure Low level of Chemicals uncomfortable

water minerals mixed in the
river water

3.Ideation and Proposed Solution

3.1 Empathy Map Canvas

3.2 Ideation and Brainstorming
 3.3 Proposed Solution
S.No. Parameter Description

1. Problem Statement (Problem to be Unable to detect all possible waterparameters

solved) in watersuch as temperature,pH etc

2. Idea / Solution description Checks the qualityof water in real timeand

detect all possible parameters

3. Novelty / Uniqueness Turbidity sensoris used

4. Social Impact / Customer Satisfaction Quality of wateris maintained and makes

thewater suitable for drinking

5. Business Model(Revenue Model) User friendly

6. Scalability of theSolution To measurethe physical and chemical

parameters of the water

3.4 Problem Solution fit

4.REQUIREMENT ANALYSIS
4.1 Functional requirement

FR No. Functional Requirement (Epic) Sub Requirement (Story / sub -task)

FR - 1 User Registration Registration through Form Registration

through Gmail
FR - 2 User Confirmation Confirmation viaEmail Confirmation via
OTP
FR - 3 User Access / Login Login through e-mail ID & Password

FR - 4 User Data Adding user expensesthrough input

field & categories
FR - 5 User Alert Alerting user through registered e-
mail ID

4.2 Non-functional Requirements

 FR No. Non-Functional Description
Requirement
NFR-1 Usability User friendly interface
NFR-2 Security Strong securitysystem
NFR-3 Reliability Highly reliable for the old age peopleto track
theexpenses
Low data usage, instant email alerts whileexceedinglimits.
NFR-4 Performance

NFR-5 Availability Available for allplatforms (Mobile User,

Web User)
NFR-6 Scalability Access Anywhere Anytime

5.Project Design

5.1 Data Flow Diagrams

5.2 Solution and Technical Architecture
Technical Architecture:

The Deliverable shall include the architectural diagram as below and the information as per the table1 & table 2
 Components & Technologies:

S.No Component Description Technology

Node – Red, Kubernetes,

1. User Interface Web UI, Mobile App
MIT mobile app inventor

2. Application Logic-1 Generate random data Python

3. Application Logic-2 Generate random sensor data IBM WatsonIOT Platform
4. Cloud Database Database Service on Cloud IBM DB2,IBM Cloudant,
5. External API-1 Send SMS to customer Fast SMS API
6. Infrastructure (Server /Cloud) Application Deployment on Cloud Cloud Foundry, Kubernetes

Application Characteristics:

S.No Characteristics Description Technology

1. Open-Source Frameworks open-source frameworks Node – Red, IBM

used to develop our project Cloudant, IBM
Watson IOT Platform
 2. Security Implementations Use of Login facility with Password protection in MIT
username and password App
forindividual user
3. Scalable Architecture Web Ui designed for use in Node – Red (Web UI)
Mobile and computer
withadaptive screen size
4. Availability Available for the user in both Node – Red(Web UI), MIT
web UI and MobileApp App(Mobile App)
5. Performance Give accurate results and Node – Red(Web UI), MIT
immediate alert in case of App(Mobile App)
contamination of water

5.3 User Stories

User Type Functional User User Story / Task Acceptance Priority Release
Requirement Story criteria
(Epic) Number
Customer Registration USN-1 As a user, I can register for I can access my High Sprint-1
(Mobile the application by account /
user) entering my dashboard
email,password, and
confirming my
password in the app
created.
USN-2 As a user, I will receive I can receive High Sprint-1
confirmation email confirmation
once I have registered email &
for the app & access clickconfirm
the application

USN-3 As a user, I can I can register High Sprint-2

register for the &access the
application through dashboard with
Facebook, Gmail & Facebook Login
Mobilenumber
Login USN-4 As a user, I can log into the High Sprint-1
application by
entering email & password
Dashboard USN-5 As a user I will be High Sprint-2
updated by the app for
interval of every
minute by the
spontaneous network
system.
6.Project Planning and Scheduling

6.1 Sprint Planning and Estimation

6.2 Sprint Delivery Schedule :
 Total Sprint Sprint End Story Sprint
Sprint Story Duration Start Date Points
Date ReleaseDate(Actual)
Points (Planned) Completed
Sprint-1 8 6 Days 24 Oct 29 Oct 2022 8 29 Oct 2022
2022
Sprint-2 6 6 Days 31 Oct 05 Nov 2022 6 05 Nov 2022
2022
Sprint-3 4 6 Days 07 Nov 12 Nov 2022 4 12 Nov 2022
2022
Sprint-4 4 6 Days 14 Nov 19 Nov 2022 4 19 Nov 2022
2022

7.Coding and Solutioning

 9.Results

9.1 Performance Metrics

I. Hours worked : 50 hours

II. Stick to Timelines: 100%
III. Consistency of the product : 75%
IV. Efficiency of the product : 80%
V. Quality of the product : 85%

10.Advantages and Disadvantages

River water quality monitoring systems analyse data continually and instantly alert users to
changes in the system, giving peace of mind and reducing the need for unreliable and
expensive sampling. Smart systems are also designed to be easy-to-use, allowing easy access
of all the data in one place, accessible via any internet enabled device.
Without this system, sampling is the main way water quality checks take place. The
problem with sampling Is that results can take weeks to come back, by which time conditions
may have changed. Using real-time monitoring, instant data allows pre-cursors to potential
issues (such as corrosion) to be flagged up and immediately be addressed before major
issues occur. The ability to make real-time decisions during critical moments can be vital in
preventing expensive repairs and breakdown.
If sampling is the sole way that water quality Is checked, there is unfortunately always
the prospect of human error. Results are open to interpretation and represent a snap shot in
time, rather than a full picture of a number of days or weeks. With advanced water monitoring
technology, highly accurate measurements allow building managers, FMs and maintenance
teams to detect and gather more data, including dissolved oxygen – a pre-cursor to all types of
corrosion.
11.Conclusions
Monitoring of real time quality of Water from reserve tank of house and colony makes use of
PH, turbidityand temperature sensor with Raspberry Pi and existing Cloud system for data
analytics. The system can monitor water quality automatically, triggersalarms immediately to
prevent any health hazards and it is low in cost and does not require people on duty. So, the
system is likely to be more economical, convenient and fast. The system has good flexibility.
Only by replacingthe corresponding sensors and changing the relevant software programs,
this system can be used to monitorother water qualityparameters. The operation is simple.
The system can be expanded to monitor hydrologic, air pollution, industrial and agricultural
production and so on. It has widespread application and extensionvalue.

12.Future Scope
 We can use more sensors to detect more parameters for the water quality analysis purposes.
The supply of water can be controlled by interfacing relay for easy detection. This system
can be used to monitor other water quality parameters. The operation is user-friendly. The
system can be expanded to monitor hydrologic, air pollution, industrial and agricultural
production and so on. It has widespread application and extension value.

13.Appendix

Source Code:
import random
import time
import sys
import ibmiotf.application
import ibmiotf.device
# Provide your IBM Watson Device Credentials

Github link : https://github.com/IBM-EPBL/IBM-Project-14009-1659538855.git

Project Demo link : https://youtu.be/BzNN9mDaIjE